ASTM F436-02

Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened steel washers for use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of 1/4 through 4 in. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A 325, A 354, A 449, A 490, and A 687.
1.2 The washers are designated by  type denoting the material and by style denoting the shape.
1.2.1 The types of washers covered are:
1.2.1.1 Type 1—Carbon steel.
1.2.1.2 Type 3—Weathering steel. Atmospheric corrosion resistance and weathering characteristics are comparable to that of steels covered in Specifications A 588/A 588M and A 709/A 709M. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or without copper addition. See 5.1. When properly exposed to the atmosphere, these steels can be used bare (uncoated) for many applications.
1.2.2 The styles of washers covered are:
1.2.2.1 Circular—Circular washers in nominal bolt sizes 1/4 through 4 in. suitable for applications where sufficient space exists and angularity permits.
1.2.2.3 Beveled—Beveled washers are square or rectangular, in nominal sizes 1/2 through 1 1/2 in., with a beveled 1 to 6 ratio surface for use with American standard beams and channels.
1.2.2.3 Clipped—Clipped washers are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be clipped.
Note 1—A complete metric companion to Specification F 436 has been developed-Specification F 436M; therefore no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2002
• ICS: 21.060.20 - Nuts
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F436-03 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 436 – 02
Standard Specification for
1
Hardened Steel Washers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 436; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * A 153 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and
2
Steel Hardware
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
dimensional requirements for hardened steel washers for use
3
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
1
with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of ⁄4 through 4
A 354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy
in.These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical
Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasten-
and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally
3
ers
and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable
A 449 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel
for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A 325, A 354,
3
Bolts and Studs
A 449, A 490, and A 687.
A 490 Specification for Heat-Treated Steel Structural Bolts,
1.2 The washers are designated by type denoting the mate-
3
150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
rial and by style denoting the shape.
A 588/A 588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
1.2.1 The types of washers covered are:
Structural Steel with 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield
1.2.1.1 Type 1—Carbon steel.
4
Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick
1.2.1.2 Type 3—Weathering steel. Atmospheric corrosion
A 687 Specification for High-Strength Nonheaded Steel
resistance and weathering characteristics are comparable to
3
Bolts and Studs
that of steels covered in Specifications A 588/A 588M and
A 709/A 709M Specification for Structural Steel for
A 709/A 709M. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of these
4
Bridges
steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
without copper addition. See 5.1. When properly exposed to
5
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
the atmosphere, these steels can be used bare (uncoated) for
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
many applications.
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Deposited on Iron and Steel
1.2.2 The styles of washers covered are:
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D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1
1.2.2.1 Circular—Circular washers in nominal bolt sizes ⁄4
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-
through 4 in. suitable for applications where sufficient space
erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
exists and angularity permits.
3
Washers, and Rivets
1.2.2.2 Beveled—Beveled washers are square or rectangu-
G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion
1 1
lar, in nominal sizes ⁄2 through 1 ⁄2 in., with a beveled 1 to 6
8
Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
ratio surface for use with American standard beams and
channels.
3. Ordering Information
1.2.2.3 Clipped—Clipped washers are circular or beveled
3.1 Orders for hardened steel washers under this specifica-
for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be
tion shall include the following:
clipped.
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
NOTE 1—AcompletemetriccompaniontoSpecificationF 436hasbeen
3.1.2 Quantity (number of pieces by size),
developed—Specification F 436M; therefore no metric equivalents are
3.1.3 Type and Style (see 1.2.1 and 1.2.2),
presented in this specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.
5
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
6
Nuts, Rivets, and Washers. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
7
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 15.09.
8
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1993 as F 436 – 93. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F 436–02
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
3.1.4 Zinc Coating—Specify the zinc coating process re-
quired, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no
Composition, %
preference (see 4.3),
A
Element Type 1 Type 3
3.1.5 Dimensions, nominal size, and other dimensions, if
modified from those covered in this specification, Phospho
...