ASTM A194/A194M-23

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a variety of carbon, alloy, and martensitic and austenitic stainless steel nuts. These nuts are intended for high-pressure or high-temperature service, or both. Bars from which the nuts are made shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. Each alloy shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed. Hardness tests, proof of load tests, and cone proof load tests shall be made to all nuts to meet the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers a variety of carbon, alloy, and martensitic stainless steel nuts in the size range 1/4 through 4 in. and metric M12 through M100 nominal. It also covers austenitic stainless steel nuts in the size range 1/4 in. and M12 nominal and above. These nuts are intended for high-pressure or high-temperature service, or both. Grade substitutions without the purchaser's permission are not allowed.  
1.2 Bars from which the nuts are made shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When annealed and strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S1, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that 8.2.2, Supplementary Requirement S1, and Appendix X1 are thoroughly understood.  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided. These shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, contract, and order.  
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2023
• ICS: 21.060.20 - Nuts
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A194/A194M − 23 Endorsed by
Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the Valve and Fittings Industry
Used in USNRC-RDT Standards
Standard Specification for
Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts
1
for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A194/A194M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
2
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification covers a variety of carbon, alloy, and
1 ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
martensitic stainless steel nuts in the size range ⁄4 through 4 in.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and metric M12 through M100 nominal. It also covers auste-
1 mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
nitic stainless steel nuts in the size range ⁄4 in. and M12
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
nominal and above. These nuts are intended for high-pressure
or high-temperature service, or both. Grade substitutions with-
2. Referenced Documents
out the purchaser’s permission are not allowed.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 Bars from which the nuts are made shall be hot-wrought.
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
The material may be further processed by centerless grinding
Iron and Steel Hardware
or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution
A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When annealed and
Shapes
strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered in accor-
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
dance with Supplementary Requirement S1, the purchaser
Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
should take special care to ensure that 8.2.2, Supplementary
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Requirement S1, and Appendix X1 are thoroughly understood.
of Steel Products
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for
provided. These shall apply only when specified in the inquiry,
Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryo-
contract, and order.
genic to the Creep Range
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
Iron and Steel
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
posited on Iron and Steel
B696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
Deposited
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cad-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
mium
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current/Magnetic
with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
Induction) Sorting of Ferrous Metals
brackets.
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
1
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as A194/A194M – 22a. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0194_A0194M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-194 in Section II of that code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A194/A194M − 22a A194/A194M − 23 Endorsed by
Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the Valve and Fittings Industry
Used in USNRC-RDT Standards
Standard Specification for
Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts
1
for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A194/A194M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1
1.1 This specification covers a variety of carbon, alloy, and martensitic stainless steel nuts in the size range ⁄4 through 4 in. and
1
metric M12 through M100 nominal. It also covers austenitic stainless steel nuts in the size range ⁄4 in. and M12 nominal and
above. These nuts are intended for high-pressure or high-temperature service, or both. Grade substitutions without the purchaser’s
permission are not allowed.
1.2 Bars from which the nuts are made shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by
cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When annealed and strain
hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S1, the purchaser should take special
care to ensure that 8.2.2, Supplementary Requirement S1, and Appendix X1 are thoroughly understood.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided. These shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, contract,
and order.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022May 1, 2023. Published December 2022June 2023. Originally approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as
A194/A194M – 22.A194/A194M – 22a. DOI: 10.1520/A0194_A0194M-22A.10.1520/A0194_A0194M-23.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-194 in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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A194/A194M − 23
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware
A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the
Creep Range
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
B696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically Deposited
B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current/Magnetic Induction) Sorting of Ferrous Metals
F606
...