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ASTM C365-00

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Flatwise Compressive Properties of Sandwich Cores

Standard Test Method for Flatwise Compressive Properties of Sandwich Cores

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength and modulus of sandwich cores. These properties are usually determined for design purposes, in a direction normal to the plane of facings as the core would be placed in a structural sandwich construction. The test procedures pertain to compression in this direction in particular, but also can be applied with possible minor variations to determining compressive properties in other directions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given may be approximate.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2000
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.09 - Sandwich Construction
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C365-03 - Standard Test Method for Flatwise Compressive Properties of Sandwich Cores
Effective Date
01-Dec-2003

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ASTM C365-00 - Standard Test Method for Flatwise Compressive Properties of Sandwich Cores
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 365 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Flatwise Compressive Properties of Sandwich Cores
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 365; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope be verified in accordance with Practices E 4.
4.2 Spherical Bearing Block, preferably of the suspended,
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com-
self-aligning type.
pressive strength and modulus of sandwich cores. These
4.3 Deflectometer or Compressometer, capable of measur-
properties are usually determined for design purposes in a
ing the displacement with a precision of at least 61 %. Bonded
direction normal to the plane of facings as the core would be
resistance strain gages are not usually considered satisfactory
placed in a structural sandwich construction. The test proce-
because of their stiffness. The reinforcing effect of bonding
dures pertain to compression in this direction in particular, but
these gages to some cores leads to large errors in measurement
also can be applied with possible minor variations to determin-
of strains. Also, using the test machines cross-head travel
ing compressive properties in other directions.
reading is not satisfactory as large modulus errors can result. A
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
transducer and rod setup as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have
standard. The inch-pound units given may be approximate.
been found to work satisfactorily. Here a small hole is drilled
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in the center of the specimen and in the bottom loading platen,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and a transducer rod is inserted that contacts the upper loading
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
platen.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.4 Micrometer, Gage, or Caliper, capable of measuring
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
accurately to 0.025 mm (0.001 in.).
2. Referenced Documents
5. Test Specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 5.1 Test specimens shall be of core or of sandwich construc-
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
tion and shall be of square or circular cross section having
2 2
3. Significance and Use areas not exceeding 400 mm (16 in. ), but not less than the
following minimum areas for various types of cores:
3.1 The flatwise compressive strength and modulus are
5.1.1 For continuous cores, such as balsa wood and foams,
fundamental mechanical properties of sandwich cores that are
2 2
the minimum cross-sectional area shall be 625 mm (1 in. ).
used in designing sandwich panels. Deformation data can be
5.1.2 For open-celled cores, such as honeycomb, having
obtained, and from a complete load-deformation curve it is
cells less than 6 mm ( ⁄2 in.) the minimum cross-sectional area
possible to compute the compressive stress at any load (such as
2 2
shall be 2580 mm (4 in. ) and for cells 6 mm ( ⁄2 in.) or greater
compressive stress at proportional limit load or compressive
2 2
the minimum cross-sectional area shall be 5800 mm (9 in. ).
strength at maximum load) and to compute the effective
5.2 The height of the specimen shall be as agreed upon by
modulus of the core.
the purchaser and the seller.
3.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtain-
5.3 The number of test specimens and the method of their
ing the flatwise compressive strength and modulus for sand-
selection depend on the purpose of the particular test under
wich panel design and research and development.
consideration, and no general rule can be given to cover all
4. Apparatus
cases. However, when specimens are to be used for acceptance
tests, not less than five specimens of a type shall be tested.
4.1 Testing Machine, capable of maintaining a controlled
5.4 Prepare the test specimens so that the loaded ends will
loading rate and indicating the load with an accuracy of 61%
be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the sides of the
of the indicated value. The accuracy of the test machine shall
specimen. To avoid local crushing at the ends of some
honeycomb cores, it is desirable to reinforce the ends with a
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-30 on
suitable material. The ends may be dipped in a thin layer of
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on
resin or thin facings bonded to the core. When either of these
Sandwich Construction.
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published April 2000. Originally
methods are used the test is called a stabilized compression
published as C 365 – 55T. Last previous edition C 365 – 94.
test. When the honeycomb cell edges are not stabilized, the test
Annual Book of AS
...

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5.1 Characterizing tack for different prepreg materials, test parameters, surface combinations, and environmental conditions provides insight for optimizing process parameters (particularly deposition rate and deposition temperature) for industrial automated material placement processes.  
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1.1 This test method covers measurement of adhesion (tack) between partially cured (B-staged) composite prepreg and a surface in a peel test, under specified conditions. The test may be conducted to measure tack between a flexible layer of prepreg and another prepreg layer bonded to a rigid substrate (Method I) or a rigid metal substrate (Method II). This test method is primarily geared towards material characterization for automated material layup but can be modified for use with other processes. It is well known that material tack is a function of multiple processing and environmental variables. Permissible composite prepreg materials include carbon, glass, and aramid fibers within a B-staged thermoset resin.  
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5.1 This test method is designed to determine the glass transition temperature of continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites using the DMA method. The DMA Tg value is frequently used to indicate the upper use temperature of composite materials, as well as for quality control of composite materials.
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1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the dry or wet (moisture conditioned) glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymer matrix composites containing high-modulus, 20 GPa (> 3 × 106 psi), fibers using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) under flexural oscillation mode, which is a specific subset of the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values given in parentheses are non-standard mathematical conversions to common units that are provided for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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5.1 The prepreg volatiles content, matrix content, reinforcement content, and filler content of composite prepreg materials are used to control material manufacture and subsequent fabrication processes, and are key parameters in the specification and production of such materials, as well as in the fabrication of products made with such materials.  
5.2 The extraction products resulting from this test method (the extract, the residue, or both) can be analyzed to assess chemical composition and degree of purity.
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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
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1.1 This test method determines the fastener pull-through resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus fibers. Fastener pull-through resistance is characterized by the force-versus-displacement response exhibited when a mechanical fastener is pulled through a composite plate, with the force applied perpendicular to the plane of the plate. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses is defined in 8.2.  
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1.3 The specimens described herein may not be representative of actual joints which may contain one or more free edges adjacent to the fastener, or may contain multiple fasteners that can change the actual boundary conditions.  
1.4 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a fastener pull-through test method.  
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1.5.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
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