ASTM B647-23

Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Webster Hardness Gage

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Webster hardness gage is portable and therefore useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes. It is not as sensitive as Rockwell or Brinell hardness machines; see 10.2.  
4.2 This test method should be used only as cited in applicable material specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of aluminum alloys with a Webster hardness gage, Model B.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Two other models, A and B-75, are in use, but are not covered in this test method. Model A does not provide numerical values of hardness and Model B-75 covers only a part of the range of interest for aluminum alloys.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 77.120.10 - Aluminium and aluminium alloys
• Technical Committee: B07 - Light Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B07.05 - Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B647 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a
1
Webster Hardness Gage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B647; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation 3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to hard-
hardness of aluminum alloys with a Webster hardness gage, ness testing appearing in Terminology E6 shall be considered
Model B. as applying to the terms used in this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
4.1 The Webster hardness gage is portable and therefore
NOTE 1—Two other models, A and B-75, are in use, but are not covered
useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated
in this test method. Model A does not provide numerical values of
parts and individual test specimens for production control
hardness and Model B-75 covers only a part of the range of interest for
purposes. It is not as sensitive as Rockwell or Brinell hardness
aluminum alloys.
machines; see 10.2.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 This test method should be used only as cited in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
applicable material specifications.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Apparatus (Fig. 1)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 The Webster hardness gage, Model B, consists of three
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
main parts: the frame, operating handle, and penetrator housing
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
assembly. The penetrator housing assembly includes the prin-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
cipal working parts, including the penetrator, loading spring,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
adjusting nut, penetrator housing, housing key, return spring,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and dial indicator.
5.2 The indentor is a hardened steel truncated cone.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.3 The dial indicator is graduated from 1 to 20, and is
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing actuated by the penetrator so that the higher the reading, the
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials higher is the hardness of the test material.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
5.4 The configuration of the Webster hardness gage is such
terials
that it is operated like a pair of pliers.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
5.5 The clearance between the penetrator and the anvil is
ASTM Test Methods
1
about 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.), limiting the thickness of sample that can
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
be tested.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
6. Test Parts or Specimens
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
6.1 Any part or piece of material greater than 1 mm
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on
1
Testing.
(0.04 in.) in thickness and equal to or less than 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.) in
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
thickness and with a clear flat area at an edge approximately
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as B647 – 10 (2016).
25 mm by 25 mm (1 in. by 1 in.) in size is suitable for test.
DOI: 10.1520/B0647-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 The surfaces shall be essentially parallel, smooth, clean,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and free of mechanical damage. The test surface may be lightly
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. polished to eliminate scratches or die lines.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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B647 − 23
FIG. 1 Webster Hardness Gage, Model B
6.3 The c
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B647 − 10 (Reapproved 2016) B647 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a
1
Webster Hardness Gage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B647; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of aluminum alloys with a Webster hardness gage, Model
B.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this The values
given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
NOTE 1—Two other models, A and B-75, are in use, but are not covered in this test method. Model A does not provide numerical values of hardness and
Model B-75 covers only a part of the range of interest for aluminum alloys.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to hardness testing appearing in Terminology E6 shall be considered as
applying to the terms used in this test method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on Testing.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016April 1, 2023. Published May 2016May 2023. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
B647 – 10.B647 – 10 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/B0647-10R16. 10.1520/B0647-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B647 − 23
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The Webster hardness gage is portable and therefore useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated parts and
individual test specimens for production control purposes. It is not as sensitive as Rockwell or Brinell hardness machines; see 10.2.
4.2 This test method should be used only as cited in applicable material specifications.
5. Apparatus (Fig. 1)
5.1 The Webster hardness gage, Model B, consists of three main parts: the frame, operating handle, and penetrator housing
assembly. The penetrator housing assembly includes the principal working parts, including the penetrator, loading spring, adjusting
nut, penetrator housing, housing key, return spring, and dial indicator.
5.2 The indentor is a hardened steel truncated cone.
5.3 The dial indicator is graduated from 1 to 20, and is actuated by the penetrator so that the higher the reading, the higher is the
hardness of the test material.
5.4 The configuration of the Webster hardness gage is such that it is operated like a pair of pliers.
1
5.5 The clearance between the penetrator and the anvil is about 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.), limiting the thickness of sample that can be tested.
6. Test Parts or Specimens
1
6.1 Any part or piece of material greater than 1 mm (0.04 in.) (0.04 in.) in thickness and equal to or less than 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.) in.)
...