iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E1574-98(2014)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This is an in situ method, that is, the measurements are made at the actual installation. The sound levels measured according to this test method should be representative for that installation and for the quantity of acoustical absorption actually, permanently present.  
5.2 The test method has the following limitations:  
5.2.1 The test method produces sound data which may be compared with applicable criteria or limits only if they are in terms of the quantities measured in this test method.  
5.2.2 The test method does not quantify certain subjective aspects of the sound environment that may be objectionable. These include pure tones, spectral content, and temporal distribution.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides guidance to the methodology used in the measurement of building interior sound levels.  
1.2 This test method describes procedures for measuring sound in enclosed residential spaces produced by built-in utilities and major appliances such as plumbing, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning systems, refrigerators, and dish washers. The measured values may then be used to assess compliance, design, or habitation suitability.  
1.3 This test method does not promulgate or recommend acoustical criteria.  
1.4 This test method is not intended for obtaining data to evaluate indoor environments for:  
1.4.1 Commercial activities such as studios, communication centers, hospitals, and auditoria, and  
1.4.2 Effects from exterior sources such as aircraft, railroad operations, motor vehicles, mining operation, weapons fire, etc.  
1.5 This test method is not intended for evaluating sound transmission loss, sound absorption coefficient, or any other acoustical aspects of the space or structure.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2014
ICS
91.120.20 - Acoustics in building. Sound insulation
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.08 - Mechanical and Electrical System Noise
Current Stage
Ref Project

Buy Standard

ASTM E1574-98(2014) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential SpacesASTM E1574-98(2014) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E1574-98(2014) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces
English language
4 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1574 − 98 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
Acoustics
1.1 This test method provides guidance to the methodology
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
used in the measurement of building interior sound levels.
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 This test method describes procedures for measuring
2.2 ANSI Standards:
sound in enclosed residential spaces produced by built-in
S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters
utilities and major appliances such as plumbing, heating,
S1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave
ventilating, air-conditioning systems, refrigerators, and dish
Analog and Digital Filters
washers. The measured values may then be used to assess
S1.40 Specification for Acoustical Calibrators
compliance, design, or habitation suitability.
1.3 This test method does not promulgate or recommend 3. Terminology
acoustical criteria.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of acoustical terms used in
1.4 This test method is not intended for obtaining data to this standard see Terminology C634.
evaluate indoor environments for:
3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4.1 Commercial activities such as studios, communication
3.2.1 background noise—to include sound propagating to
centers, hospitals, and auditoria, and
the measurement space from sources which are not under
1.4.2 Effects from exterior sources such as aircraft, railroad
control of the proprietor or occupant of the measurement space.
operations, motor vehicles, mining operation, weapons fire,
See Terminology C634.
etc.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Examples include external utilities,
1.5 This test method is not intended for evaluating sound
traffic, and activity in adjacent residences.
transmission loss, sound absorption coefficient, or any other
3.2.2 highest transient sound—a sound characterized by a
acoustical aspects of the space or structure.
brief excursion of pressure level which exceeds the ambient or
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as steady sound.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.2.2.1 Discussion—The transient sound may be accompa-
standard. nied by steady sound; for example, flushing of toilets or
furnace start-up. The highest transient sound is the maximum
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
excursion of the sound product by the source of interest during
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the source on-off cycle.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.2.3 measurement space—residential spaces with a defined
boundary, usually a room or hallway, in which acoustical data
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
are to be acquired. Although the space may have a defined
2. Referenced Documents
boundary, it does not have to be an enclosing boundary.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—For example; an L-shaped living room/
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dining room would be considered two spaces—living room and
dining room.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building
3.2.4 source of interest—a source which is part of the
and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
residence and which propagates sound into the measurement
E33.08 on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
space.
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E1574 – 98(2006).
3.2.4.1 Discussion—Typical sources of interest are built-in
DOI: 10.1520/E1574-98R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1574 − 98 (2014)
utilities such as plumbing, heating, ventilating, air- 6.3 For currently inhabited spaces, the measurements shall
conditioning systems, and major appliances. be made as furnished.
3.2.5 source sound—the sound pressure level at a point
6.4 Absorptive material shall not be added to the space
produced solely by the source of interest.
solely for the purpose of influencing the measurements.
3.2.6 steady sound—a sound whose pressure level remains
7. Measurement Location
substantially constant during the period of observation when
measured with the slow setting on the sound level meter.
7.1 The microphone height shall be between 1.1 and 1.3 m
3.2.6.1 Discussion—Examples are a forced air blower and a
above the floor, the approximate average of the sleeping,
water pump.
standing, and seated ear heights of an individual.
7.2 The microphone shall be located no closer than 1 m to
4. Summary of Test Method
any wall or other extended surface, except in spaces narrower
4.1 This test method is a procedure for quantifying the
than 2 m where the measurement shall be at a location
sound from sources identified as the cause or potential cause of
equidistant from the closest opposing walls. If the source of
noise complaints in residential spaces.
interest (built-in utility or appliance) protrudes from the
extended surface, the measurement shall not be made closer
4.2 The sound generated by the source of interest may be
steady, transient, or a mixture of the two. For each source of than 1 m from the source.
interest the steady sound and the highest transient sound are
7.3 The reported measurement shall be made at the location
measured.
within each measurement space that meets the above require-
4.2.1 Steady Sound—The measurement space is surveyed
ment and produces the highest sound level during the survey.
and the point at which the highest utilities-generated
7.4 The measurements shall be made with the minimum
A-weighted, slow response sound level occurs is located (see
number of people in the measurement space. Personnel shall
9.1). The octave band and A-weighted sound levels at this point
not occupy the direct line of sight between the source of
are measured and reported.
interest and the sound level meter.
4.2.2 Highest Transient Sound—The highest utilities-
generated A-weighted, fast response sound level is measured at
8. Instrumentation
the center of each measurement space and reported.
8.1 The sound measurement system shall meet the require-
4.2.3 These procedures are repeated in all measurement
spaces and for all sources, or combination of sources, of ments of ANSI S1.4 for Type 1 sound level meters.
interest.
8.2 Octave band or fractional band filters shall meet the
requirement of ANSI S1.11, Type 2, Order 3, or higher. If
5. Significance and Use
16 000 Hz measurements are to be made, a Type 1 filter must
5.1 This is an in situ method, that is, the measurements are
be used.
made at the actual installation. The sound levels measured
8.3 Acoustic calibrators shall meet the requirements of
according to this test method should be representative for that
ANSI S1.40.
installation and for the quantity of acoustical absorption
8.4 If measurements are to be made in a stream of moving
actually, permanently present.
air such as generated by a forced air heating system or air
5.2 The test method has the following limitations:
conditioner, place a windscreen over the microphone. The
5.2.1 The test method produces sound data which may be
motion of air over the microphone of the sound level meter can
compared with applicable criteria or limits only if they are in
cause local air turbulence noise at the microphone. The meter
terms of the quantities measured in this test method.
will respond to this turbulence noise and produce an erroneous
5.2.2 The test method does not quantify certain subjective
reading. Placing a windscreen over the microphone will reduce
aspects of the sound environment that may be objectionable.
this local turbulence.
These include pure tones, spectral content, and temporal
NOTE 2—A windscreen having a diameter of at least 7 cm is recom-
distribution.
mended.
6. Measurement Space
9. Measurement Procedures
6.1 The measurement space shall be any space, individual
9.1 Determining the Location of Sound Level Maximum—
room, or enclosed portions of the residential space that are
Survey each measurement space of interest to find the location
intended to be occupied by people.
of the maximum A-weighted, slow response sound level
NOTE 1—Examples of spaces expected to be measured are bedrooms,
produced by each sound source or combination of sources of
living rooms, kitchens, and finished basements. Examples of spaces that
interest. Walk slowly and quietly, first at 1 m from the inside
are not expected to be measured are utility closets, closets, and carports.
boundary of the space, then at concentric paths about 1 m apart,
Examples
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E90-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sound transmission loss as defined in Terminology C634, refers to the response of specimens exposed to a diffuse incident sound field, and this is the test condition approached by this laboratory test method. The test results are therefore most directly relevant to the performance of similar specimens exposed to similar sound fields. They provide, however, a useful general measure of performance for the variety of sound fields to which a partition or element may typically be exposed.  
5.2 In laboratories designed to satisfy the requirements of this test method, the intent is that only significant path for sound transmission between the rooms is through the test specimen. This is not generally the case in buildings where there are often many other paths for sounds—flanking sound transmission. Consequently sound ratings obtained using this test method do not relate directly to sound isolation in buildings; they represent an upper limit to what would be measured in a field test.  
5.3 This test method is not intended for field tests. Field tests shall be performed according to Test Method E336.
Note 2: The comparable quantity measured using Test Method E336 is called the apparent sound transmission loss because of the presence of flanking sound transmission.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of airborne sound transmission loss of building partitions such as walls of all kinds, operable partitions, floor-ceiling assemblies, doors, windows, roofs, panels, and other space-dividing elements.  
1.2 Laboratories are designed so the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path between the two test rooms and so approximately diffuse sound fields exist in the rooms.  
1.3 Laboratory Accreditation—The requirements for accrediting a laboratory for performing this test method are given in Annex A4.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E756-05(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Vibration-Damping Properties of Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The material loss factor and modulus of damping materials are useful in designing measures to control vibration in structures and the sound that is radiated by those structures, especially at resonance. This test method determines the properties of a damping material by indirect measurement using damped cantilever beam theory. By applying beam theory, the resultant damping material properties are made independent of the geometry of the test specimen used to obtain them. These damping material properties can then be used with mathematical models to design damping systems and predict their performance prior to hardware fabrication. These models include simple beam and plate analogies as well as finite element analysis models.  
5.2 This test method has been found to produce good results when used for testing materials consisting of one homogeneous layer. In some damping applications, a damping design may consist of two or more layers with significantly different characteristics. These complicated designs must have their constituent layers tested separately if the predictions of the mathematical models are to have the highest possible accuracy.  
5.3 Assumptions:  
5.3.1 All damping measurements are made in the linear range, that is, the damping materials behave in accordance with linear viscoelastic theory. If the applied force excites the beam beyond the linear region, the data analysis will not be applicable. For linear beam behavior, the peak displacement from rest for a composite beam should be less than the thickness of the base beam (See X2.3).  
5.3.2 The amplitude of the force signal applied to the excitation transducer is maintained constant with frequency. If the force amplitude cannot be kept constant, then the response of the beam must be divided by the force amplitude. The ratio of response to force (referred to as the compliance or receptance) presented as a function of frequency must then be used for evaluating the damping.  
5.3.3 Data reduct...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the vibration-damping properties of materials: the loss factor, η, and Young's modulus, E, or the shear modulus, G. Accurate over a frequency range of 50 Hz to 5000 Hz and over the useful temperature range of the material, this method is useful in testing materials that have application in structural vibration, building acoustics, and the control of audible noise. Such materials include metals, enamels, ceramics, rubbers, plastics, reinforced epoxy matrices, and woods that can be formed to cantilever beam test specimen configurations.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C423-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Measurement of the sound absorption of a room is part of the procedure for other acoustical measurements, such as determining the sound power level of a noise source or the sound transmission loss of a partition. It is also used in certain calculations such as predicting the sound pressure level in a room when the sound power level of a noise source in the room is known.  
5.2 The sound absorption coefficient of a surface is a property of the material composing the surface. It is ideally defined as the fraction of the randomly incident sound power absorbed by the surface, but in this test method it is operationally defined in 4.2. The relationship between the theoretically defined and the operationally measured coefficients is under continuing study.  
5.3 Diffraction effects4 usually cause the apparent area of a specimen to be greater than its geometrical area, thereby increasing the coefficients measured according to this test method. When the test specimen is highly absorptive, these values may exceed unity.  
5.4 The coefficients measured by this test method should be used with caution because not only are the areas encountered in practical usage usually larger than the test specimen, but also the sound field is rarely diffuse. In the laboratory, measurements must be made under reproducible conditions, but in practical usage the conditions that determine the effective absorption are often unpredictable. Regardless of the differences and the necessity for judgment, coefficients measured by this test method have been used successfully by architects and consultants in the acoustical design of architectural spaces.  
5.5 Field Measurements—When sound absorption measurements are made in a building in which the size and shape of the room are not under the operator's control, the approximation to a diffuse sound field is not likely to be very close. This matter should be considered when assessing the accuracy of measurements made under field conditions. (See Te...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room by measuring decay rate. Procedures for measuring the absorption of a room, the absorption of an object, such as an office screen, and the sound absorption coefficients of a specimen of sound absorptive material, such as acoustical ceiling tile, are described.  
1.2 Field Measurements—Although this test method covers laboratory measurements, the test method described in 4.1 can be used for making field measurements of the absorption of rooms (see also 5.5). A method to measure the absorption of rooms in the field is described in Test Method E2235.  
1.3 This test method includes information on laboratory accreditation (see Annex A1), asymmetrical screens (see Annex A2), and reverberation room qualification (see Annex A3).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E795-23(Practice)
Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sound absorption of a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the way in which the material is mounted over the surface. The mountings specified in these practices are intended to simulate in the laboratory conditions that exist in normal use.  
4.2 Some of the specified mountings require special fixtures or minor deviations from normal practice. These fixtures or deviations are to be used only during laboratory tests and should not be specified for practical installations. They are noted in the specifications for the mountings in question by the phrase “for laboratory testing only.”  
4.3 Test reports may refer to these mountings by type designation instead of providing a detailed description of the mounting used.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover test specimen mountings to be used during sound absorption tests performed in accordance with Test Method C423.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1574-98(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Sound in Residential Spaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This is an in situ method, that is, the measurements are made at the actual installation. The sound levels measured according to this test method should be representative for that installation and for the quantity of acoustical absorption actually, permanently present.  
5.2 The test method has the following limitations:  
5.2.1 The test method produces sound data which may be compared with applicable criteria or limits only if they are in terms of the quantities measured in this test method.  
5.2.2 The test method does not quantify certain subjective aspects of the sound environment that may be objectionable. These include pure tones, spectral content, and temporal distribution.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides guidance to the methodology used in the measurement of building interior sound levels.  
1.2 This test method describes procedures for measuring sound in enclosed residential spaces produced by built-in utilities and major appliances such as plumbing, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning systems, refrigerators, and dish washers. The measured values may then be used to assess compliance, design, or habitation suitability.  
1.3 This test method does not promulgate or recommend acoustical criteria.  
1.4 This test method is not intended for obtaining data to evaluate indoor environments for:  
1.4.1 Commercial activities such as studios, communication centers, hospitals, and auditoria, and  
1.4.2 Effects from exterior sources such as aircraft, railroad operations, motor vehicles, mining operation, weapons fire, etc.  
1.5 This test method is not intended for evaluating sound transmission loss, sound absorption coefficient, or any other acoustical aspects of the space or structure.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E336-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the sound transmission loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are performed have a sound field that reasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Experience and controlled studies (1)6 have shown that the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, such as rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 m3. The measures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The corresponding single number ratings are NIC, NNIC and ASTC. The ATL and ASTC are measurable between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sound distribution.  
5.2 Annex A1 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m3 or greater). Sound pressure levels during testing vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation varies strongly with distance from the common (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.  
5.3 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Some evaluate the overall sound isolation between spaces including the effect of absorption in the receiving space and some evaluate the performance or apparent performance of the partition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicable only to the specific location tested.  
5.3.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class (NIC)—Describe the sound isolation found between two spaces. Noise reduction data are based on the space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting the require...
SCOPE
1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building is influenced most strongly by a combination of the direct transmission through the nominally separating building element (as normally measured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number of indirect paths, referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1 illustrates the direct paths (D) and some possible structural flanking paths (F). Additional non-structural flanking paths include transmission through common air ducts between rooms, or doors to the corridor from adjacent rooms. Sound isolation is also influenced by the size of the separating partition between spaces and absorption in the receiving space, and in the case of small spaces by modal behavior of the space and close proximity to surfaces.
FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a Building  
1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures and metrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms or portions thereof in a building separated by a common partition or the apparent sound insulation of the separating partition, including both direct and flanking transmission paths in all cases. Appropriate measures and their single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC) which indicate the isolation with the receiving room furnished as it is during the test, the normalized noise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC) which indicate the isolation expected if the receiving room was a normally furnished living or office space that is at least 25 m3 (especially useful when the test must be done with the receiving room unfurnished), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmission class (ASTC) which indicate the apparent sound insulating properties of a separating partition including both the direct transmission and flanking transmission through the support structure. The measurement of ATL ...

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C384-04(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials by Impedance Tube Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The acoustical impedance properties of a sound absorptive material are related to its physical properties, such as airflow resistance, porosity, elasticity, and density. As such, the measurements described in this test method are useful in basic research and product development of sound absorptive materials.  
5.2 Normal incidence sound absorption coefficients are more useful than random incidence coefficients in certain situations. They are used, for example, to predict the effect of placing material in a small enclosed space, such as inside a machine.  
5.3 Estimates of the random incidence or statistical absorption coefficients for materials can be obtained from normal incidence impedance data. For materials that are locally reacting, that is, without sound propagation inside the material parallel to its surface, statistical absorption coefficients can be estimated from specific normal acoustic impedance values using an expression derived by London (1).5 Locally reacting materials include those with high internal losses parallel with the surface such as porous or fibrous materials of high density or materials that are backed by partitioned cavities such as a honeycomb core. Formulas for estimating random incidence sound absorption properties for both locally and bulk-reacting materials, as well as for multilayer systems with and without air spaces have also been developed (2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of an impedance tube, alternatively called a standing wave apparatus, for the measurement of impedance ratios and the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients of acoustical materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E492-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using the Tapping Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The spectrum of the noise in the room below the test specimen is determined by the following:  
5.1.1 The size and the mechanical properties of the floor-ceiling assembly, such as its construction, surface, mounting or edge restraints, stiffness, or internal damping,  
5.1.2 The acoustical response of the room below,  
5.1.3 The placement of the object or device producing the impacts, and  
5.1.4 The nature of the actual impact itself.  
5.2 This test method is based on the use of a standardized tapping machine of the type specified in 8.1 placed in specific positions on the floor. This machine produces a continuous series of uniform impacts at a uniform rate on a test floor and generates in the receiving room broadband sound pressure levels that are sufficiently high to make measurements possible beneath most floor types even in the presence of background noise. The tapping machine itself, however, is not designed to simulate any one type of impact, such as produced by male or female footsteps.  
5.3 Because of its portable design, the tapping machine does not simulate the weight of a human walker. Therefore, the structural sounds, i.e., creaks or booms of a floor assembly caused by such footstep excitation is not reflected in the single number impact rating derived from test results obtained by this test method. The degree of correlation between the results of tapping machine tests in the laboratory and the subjective acceptance of floors under typical conditions of domestic impact excitation is uncertain. The correlation will depend on both the type of floor construction and the nature of the impact excitation in the building.  
5.4 In laboratories designed to satisfy the requirements of this test method, the intent is that only significant path for sound transmission between the rooms is through the test specimen. This is not generally the case in buildings where there are often many other paths for sounds— flanking sound transmission. Consequently so...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.  
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on floor-ceiling assemblies of all kinds, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials.  
1.3 This test method prescribes a uniform procedure for reporting laboratory test data, that is, the normalized one-third octave band sound pressure levels transmitted by the floor-ceiling assembly due to the tapping machine.  
1.4 Laboratory Accreditation—The requirements for accrediting a laboratory for performing this test method are given in Annex A2.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C634-22(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Definitions—Terms and related definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Each Standard:  
3.2.1 As indicated in Section 4, terms and their definitions are intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of the building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2.2 A specific definition of a given term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.  
3.2.3 Different definitions of the same term are acceptable provided each one is consistent with and is not in conflict with the standard definition for the same term, that is, the general concept the term describes.  
3.2.4 If a standard under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 specially defines a term, i.e. provides a definition different in any way from what is given in Section 4 of Terminology C634, that standard shall list the term and its description under the subheading, Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The mandatory language of section 3.2.4 is consistent with the mandatory language from §E2 of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (April 2020) and with the ASTM Committee E33 bylaws in place when this standard was published; it reflects a situation that exists, it does not prescribe anything.  
3.3 Definitions for some terms associated with building and environmental acoustic issues and not included in Terminology C634 are found in ISO/TR 25417 or IEEE P260.4. When discrepancies exist, the definition in Terminology C634 shall prevail.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, related definitions, and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in building and environmental acoustics standards. Definitions of terms are special-purpose definitions that are consistent with the standard definitions but are written to ensure that a specific building and environmental acoustics standard is properly understood and precisely interpreted. The primary focus of this document is upon terms, definitions and descriptions found within standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33; however, terms, definitions and descriptions that are of general interest to the field of acoustics are also included.  
1.2 This building and environmental acoustics standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    31 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    31 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C522-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Airflow Resistance of Acoustical Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The specific airflow resistance of an acoustical material is one of the properties that determine its sound-absorptive and sound-transmitting properties. Measurement of specific airflow resistance is useful during product development, for quality control during manufacture, and for specification purposes.  
5.2 Valid measurements are made only in the region of laminar airflow where, aside from random measurement errors, the airflow resistance (R = P/U) is constant. When the airflow is turbulent, the apparent airflow resistance increases with an increase of volume velocity and the term “airflow resistance” does not apply.  
5.3 The specific airflow resistance measured by this test method may differ from the specific resistance measured by the impedance tube method in Test Method E384 for two reasons. In the presence of sound, the particle velocity inside a porous material is alternating while in this test method, the velocity is constant and in one direction only. Also, the particle velocity inside a porous material is not the same as the linear velocity measured outside the specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of airflow resistance and the related measurements of specific airflow resistance and airflow resistivity of porous materials that can be used for the absorption and attenuation of sound. Materials cover a range from thick boards or blankets to thin mats, fabrics, papers, and screens. When the material is anisotropic, provision is made for measurements along different axes of the specimen.  
1.2 This test method is designed for the measurement of values of specific airflow resistance ranging from 100 to 10 000 mks rayls (Pa·s/m) with linear airflow velocities ranging from 0.5 mm/s to 50 mm/s and pressure differences across the specimen ranging from 0.1 Pa to 250 Pa. The upper limit of this range of linear airflow velocities is a point at which the airflow through most porous materials is in partial or complete transition from laminar to turbulent flow.  
1.3 A procedure for accrediting a laboratory for the purposes of this test method is given in Annex A1.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Table 1 is provided for user to convert into cgs units.    
cgs acoustic ohm  
mks acoustic ohm (Pa·s/m3)  
105  
cgs rayl  
mks rayl (Pa·s/m)  
10    
cgs rayl/cm  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
103  
cgs rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
394  
mks rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
39.4  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off