ASTM D6931-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Bituminous Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Bituminous Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The values of IDT strength may be used to evaluate the relative quality of bituminous mixtures in conjunction with laboratory mix design testing and for estimating the potential for rutting or cracking. The results can also be used to determine the potential for field pavement moisture damage when results are obtained on both moisture-conditioned and unconditioned specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and testing laboratory-fabricated or field-recovered cores of bituminous mixtures to determine the Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength.
1.2 The within-laboratory repeatability standard deviation, for the recommended rate of loading (50 mm/min) and test temperature (25°C), has been determined to be 80 kPa (12 psi) for 100 mm (4 in.) diameter specimens, based on 28 labs using either 2 or 4 test replicates with 11 different mix samples. Additional data is provided in Table 1 for the users information. The between-laboratory reproducibility of this test method is being determined and will be available on or before August 2011. Therefore, this test method should not be used for acceptance or rejection of materials for purchasing purposes.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6931–07
Standard Test Method for
Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Bituminous Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specimens for Dynamic Modulus Testing
D3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and
Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
testing laboratory-fabricated or field-recovered cores of bitu-
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements forAgen-
minous mixtures to determine the Indirect Tensile (IDT)
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
Strength.
D4013 Practice for Preparation of Test Specimens of Bitu-
1.2 The within-laboratory repeatability standard deviation,
minous Mixtures by Means of Gyratory Shear Compactor
for the recommended rate of loading (50 mm/min) and test
D4867/D4867M Test Method for Effect of Moisture on
temperature (25ºC), has been determined to be 80 kPa (12 psi)
Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
for 100 mm (4 in.) diameter specimens, based on 28 labs using
D5581 Test Method for Resistance to Plastic Flow of
either 2 or 4 test replicates with 11 different mix samples.
Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus (6 inch-
Additional data is provided in Table 1 for the user’s informa-
Diameter Specimen)
tion. The between-laboratory reproducibility of this test
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of
method is being determined and will be available on or before
the Relative Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Speci-
August2011.Therefore,thistestmethodshouldnotbeusedfor
mens by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
acceptance or rejection of materials for purchasing purposes.
D6926 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Specimens
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Using Marshall Apparatus
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of
only.
Bituminous Mixtures
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
AASHTO T245 Standard Method for Resistance to Plastic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Flow of Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
AASHTO T312 Standard Method for Preparing and Deter-
2. Referenced Documents mining the Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Speci-
mens by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1074 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Bitumi-
3. Summary of Test Method
nous Mixtures
3.1 The IDT strength of bituminous mixtures is conducted
D1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test
by loading a cylindrical specimen across its vertical diametral
Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
plane at a specified rate of deformation and test temperature.
D3387 TestMethodforCompactionandShearPropertiesof
The peak load at failure is recorded and used to calculate the
Bituminous Mixtures by Means of the U.S. Corps of
IDT strength of the specimen.
Engineers Gyratory Testing Machine (GTM)
D3496 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The values of IDT strength may be used to evaluate the
relative quality of bituminous mixtures in conjunction with
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published February 2007. DOI: 10.1520/
D6931-07. Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or on www.astm.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
the ASTM website. http://www.transportation.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6931–07
Standard Standard Standard
Number Specimen Loading Test Average d2s Test Average d2s d2s
Deviation Deviation Deviation
Source of Data of Diameter Rate Temperature Strength (2.833SE)Temperature Strength (2.833SE) (2.833SE)
Strength Strength Strength
Replicates (mm) (mm/min) (°C) (kPa) (kPa) (°F) (psi) (psi) (% mean)
(kPa) (psi) (% mean)
Anderson and
3 150 12.5 -10 2870 200 566 14 415 29 82 7.0 19.8
A
McGennis
N CHRP
3 150 12.5 -10 - - - - – – – 9 22–32
B
Report 530
(4 aggregate types;
2 150 12.5 -10 - - - - – – – 11
4 binders)
(nom max size:
9.5mmto25mm)
Solaimanian and
4 100 50 25 - 103 292 77 – 15 42 – –
C
Kennedy —dry
moisture-conditioned 50 25 - 83 234 77 – 12 34 – –
(9 labs; 3 aggregate
types; 2 binders)
Test Method D4867/D4867M
2 100 50 25 - 55 159 77 – 8 23 – –
(dry or conditioned)
(19 labs;
5 mixtures)
Suggested Single
50 25 80 77 12
Lab Precision
A
R. M.Anderson and R. B. McGennis, “Ruggedness Evaluation ofAASHTOTP7 andTP9,” Phase I, FHWAHIPT(Task J), Federal HighwayAdministration, November
1998.
B
W. Christensen and R. F. Bonaquist, “Evaluation of IndirectTensileTest (IDT) Procedures for Low-Temperature Performance of Hot MixAsphalt,” NCHRPReport 530.
C
Solaimanian and T. W. Kennedy, “Precision of the Moisture Susceptibility Test Method TEX-531-C,” Project Summary Report 4909-S, November 2000.
laboratory mix design testing and for estimating the potential segment of the test fixture shall be in such a position as to
for rutting or cracking. The results can also be used to
direct the two loading strips together without appreciable
determine the potential for field pavement moisture damage
binding or loose motion in the guide rods.
when results are obtained on both moisture-conditioned and
5.3 Temperature Control System—An air or water bath
unconditioned specimens.
capable of maintaining the specimens at the specified test
temperature within 61.0ºC (61.8°F).
5. Apparatus
5.4 Thermometer—A calibrated liquid-in-glass thermom-
5.1 Loading Device—Loading jack and ring dynamometer
eter of suitable range with subdivisions readable to 0.1ºC
or a mechanical or servo-hydraulic testing machine with an
(0.2°F) or any other thermostatic device of equal accuracy,
electronic load cell, in accordance with Test Method D6927,
precision, and sensitivity shall be used. Thermometers shall
capable of applying a compressive load at a controlled defor-
conform to the requirements of Specification E1.
mation rate while measuring the load and deformation.
5.5 Miscellaneous—A tape, ruler, or set of calipers for
5.2 Loading Strips—Steel loading strips with a concave
specimen height measurement.
surfacehavingaradiusofcurvatureequaltothenominalradius
of the test specimen. For specimens with nominal diameter of
NOTE 1—If testing to determine the potential for moisture damage, the
101.6 mm (4 in.), the loading strips shall be 12.70 6 0.3 mm
apparatus from Test Method D4867/D4867M or similar will also be
(0.50 6 0.01 in.) wide. For specimens with nominal diameter
necessary.
of 150 mm (5.91 in.), the loading strips shall be 19.05 6 0.3
mm (0.75 6 0.01 in.) wide. The length of the loading strips
6. Specimens
shall exceed the thickness of the specimen. The outer edges of
6.1 Labor
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