CEN/TR 14383-8:2009

Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 8: Protection of buildings and sites against criminal attacks with vehicles

The purpose of this document is to describe the consequences and risks of the criminal use of motor vehicles against buildings or sites in order to better assess the threats and to establish a security analysis:
a)   identification of possible attack methods,
b)   recommendation of technical elements in the field of protection,
c)   description of a set of physical protective measures to reinforce the security of public and private buildings,
d)   recommendation of organizational measures.
This document contains information for the professional implementation and application of preventive measures against the unauthorised access of vehicles into buildings or areas. It is necessary to achieve one of the four following protection levels:
a)   Traffic control   
Regulating the use of the different spaces where vehicles occur: traffic lanes, car parks and parking areas, delivery places, pedestrian areas, access routes, etc. The delinquent uses his own vehicle and wants to avoid any damage on it.
b)   Protection against criminal attacks with vehicles   
Protection against burglary, robbery, vandalism, etc. The delinquent uses stolen vehicles to commit criminal acts. He accepts the destruction of the vehicle but wants to preserve his integrity.
c)   Protection against urban violence and heavy vandalism   
Protection against ramming and burning cars used against private and public buildings and police enforcement or intervention forces. The delinquent uses any available vehicles. He shows no consideration for the life of other persons. He fights against institutions, authorities and their representatives and wants to destroy the social network of an area.
d)   Mitigation of the effect of explosives in combination with vehicles   
Mitigation of the effect of gas trucks, car bombs, etc.
Security requirements on doors, windows, façades and their accessories are defined by CEN in normative documents.

Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 8: Schutz von Gebäuden und Anlagen vor Angriffen unter Verwendung von Fahrzeugen

Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 8 : Protection des bâtiments et des sites contre l'utilisation malveillante de véhicules

Le présent document a pour but de décrire les conséquences et les risques de l'utilisation malveillante de véhicules à moteur contre des bâtiments ou des sites afin de mieux apprécier les menaces et de réaliser une analyse de sûreté :
a)   identification des modes opératoires d'agression possibles ;
b)   recommandation d'éléments techniques en matière de protection ;
c)   description d'un panel de mesures de protection physique pour renforcer la sécurité des bâtiments publics et privés ;
d)   recommandation de mesures organisationnelles.
Ce document contient des informations destinées à la mise en œuvre et à l'application professionnelles de mesures de prévention contre l'accès non autorisé de véhicules dans des bâtiments ou des sites. Il est nécessaire d'atteindre l'un des quatre niveaux de protection suivants :
a)   Régulation de la circulation
Réglementation de l'utilisation des différents espaces pouvant être empruntés par des véhicules : voies de circulation, places de parking et aires de stationnement, zones de livraison, zones piétonnes, itinéraires d'accès, etc. Le délinquant utilise son propre véhicule et ne veut pas l'endommager.
b)   Protection contre l'utilisation malveillante de véhicules
Protection contre le cambriolage, le vol à main armée, le vandalisme etc. Le délinquant utilise des véhicules volés pour commettre ses actes de malveillance. Il accepte la destruction de son véhicule, mais veut préserver son intégrité.
c)   Protection contre les violences urbaines et le vandalisme lourd
Protection contre les véhicules béliers et les véhicules enflammés, utilisés contre les bâtiments publics et privés et les unités d'intervention ou de maintien de l'ordre. Le délinquant utilise tout véhicule disponible. Il ne fait preuve d'aucun respect pour la vie d'autrui. Il s'attaque aux institutions, à l'autorité et à leurs représentations et veut détruire le réseau social de la zone.

Preprečevanje kriminala - Urbanistično planiranje in projektiranje - 8. del: Zaščita stavb v mestih pred kriminalnimi napadi z vozili

Ta dokument je namenjen opisu posledic in tveganj kriminalne uporabe motornih vozil proti stavbam v mestih, da bi lahko bolje ocenili nevarnosti in vzpostavili varnostno analizo: a) identifikacija možnih metod napada, b) priporočilo glede tehničnih elementov na področju zaščite; c) opis niza fizičnih zaščitnih ukrepov za okrepitev varnosti javnih in zasebnih zgradb, d) priporočilo glede organizacijskih ukrepov. Ta dokument vsebuje informacije za strokovno izvedbo in uporabo ukrepov za preprečevanje nepooblaščenega dostopa vozil v zgradbe ali na območja.  Doseči je potrebno eno od naslednjih štirih stopenj zaščite: a) Nadzor prometa. Urejanje uporabe različnih prostorov, kjer se pojavljajo vozila: prometni pasovi, parkirišča in parkirna območja, dostavna mesta, območja za pešce, pristopne poti itd. Kršitelj uporablja lastno vozilo ter se želi izogniti kakršni koli škodi na vozilu. b) Zaščita proti kriminalnim napadom z vozili. Zaščita proti vlomu, ropu, vandalizmu ipd. Kršitelj uporabi ukradena vozila za izvršitev kriminalnega dejanja. Sprejme uničenje vozila, a želi ohraniti svojo integriteto. c) Zaščita proti urbanemu nasilju in težkemu vandalizmu. Zaščita proti zaletavanju in sežiganju avtomobilov, ki se uporablja proti zasebnim in javnim stavbam, ter policijsko ukrepanje ali intervencijske sile. Kršitelj uporabi katera koli vozila, ki so na voljo. Ni mu mar za življenje drugih ljudi. Bori se proti institucijam, organom oblasti in njihovim predstavnikom ter želi uničiti socialno mrežo določenega področju. d) Blažitev učinkov eksplozivov v kombinaciji z vozili. Blažitev učinkov tovornjakov s plinom, avtomobilov - bomb itd. Varnostne zahteve na vratih, oknih, fasadah in njihovih dodatkih določa CEN v normativnih dokumentih. Upošteva lastnosti komponent, ki so odporne proti vlomilcem, kroglam ter učinkom eksplozivov. Normativni CEN/CENELEC dokumenti zajemajo tudi električne in elektronske varnostne komponente. Do zdaj evropska standardizacija ni upoštevala posebne tematike zaščite proti zaletavanju z avtomobili. Zaščita pred nepooblaščenim dostopom vozil se prične že v občinskih conah brez avtomobilov. Velika podzemna parkirišča v stanovanjskih območjih imajo enake zahteve; dostop bi moral biti dovoljen le pooblaščenim vozilom. Prav tako morajo biti zavarovane dovozne poti do pisarniških zgradb, skladišč, zgradb organov oblasti, zaporov in drugih ranljivih infrastruktur. Stopnja zaščite ponuja širok spekter ter mora izpolnjevati različne zahteve. Gre za razpon od preprostih naprav za nadzor dostopa, ki preprečujejo nepooblaščeno parkiranje, vse do sistemov, ki ustavijo kriminalne napade z avtomobili in bombne napade. Uporabiti je mogoče stalne ali avtomatske blokade, z ali brez človeškega ali tehničnega nadzora dostopa. Prav tako je mogoče uporabiti začasne blokade ali premične elemente. Da bi upoštevali različne nevarne situacije, je potrebno opredeliti ustrezne vrednosti obremenitve. To služi tako interpretaciji kot tudi sestavi varnostnih elementov. Ta dokument vsebuje opombe za zaščitne ukrepe proti prekrškom in kriminalnim napadom z vozili. Ta dokument ni primeren za zaščitne ukrepe proti terorističnim napadom.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Sep-2009
• ICS: 13.310 - Protection against crime
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 325 - Prevention of crime by urban planning and building design
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 325/WG 3 - Building design
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 30-Sep-2009
• Due Date: 18-Jan-2010
• Completion Date: 30-Sep-2009
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 14383-8:2010 - Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 8: Protection of buildings and sites against criminal attacks with vehicles

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2010
3UHSUHþHYDQMHNULPLQDOD8UEDQLVWLþQRSODQLUDQMHLQSURMHNWLUDQMHGHO=DãþLWD
VWDYEYPHVWLKSUHGNULPLQDOQLPLQDSDGL]YR]LOL
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 8: Protection of buildings
and sites against criminal attacks with vehicles
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 8: Schutz
von Gebäuden und Anlagen vor Angriffen unter Verwendung von Fahrzeugen
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 8 :
Protection de bâtiments et de sites contre l’utilisation malveillante de véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 14383-8:2009
ICS:
13.310 Varstvo pred kriminalom Protection against crime
91.020 Prostorsko planiranje. Physical planning. Town
Urbanizem planning
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 14383-8
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
September 2009
ICS 13.310
English Version
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part
8: Protection of buildings and sites against criminal attacks with
vehicles
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und
des bâtiments - Partie 8 : Protection de bâtiments et de Gebäudeplanung - Teil 8: Schutz von Gebäuden und
sites contre l'utilisation malveillante de véhicules Anlagen vor Angriffen unter Verwendung von Fahrzeugen

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 19 April 2009. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 325.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 14383-8:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Protection against vehicles as tools of crime .9
4.1 General .9
4.2 Type of crime .9
4.3 Procedures (modus operandi) . 10
4.4 Auxiliary material for the procedures . 10
4.5 Additional factors of influence . 10
4.6 Recommendations . 11
5 Information and technical data . 11
5.1 Forces released during ram attacks . 11
5.1.1 General . 11
5.1.2 Calculation of relevant test loads . 11
5.1.3 Additional loading criteria . 12
5.1.4 Application point of loading . 12
5.1.5 Space requirements for a ram attack. 12
5.2 Effects of explosions . 14
5.2.1 General . 14
5.2.2 Diagram of explosive pressures . 14
5.2.3 Additional effects of detonations . 15
5.3 The use of a vehicle equipped with flammable load for arson, with or without delay
system . 15
5.3.1 General . 15
5.3.2 Effects of the radiative heat transfer on people . 16
5.3.3 Effects of the radiative heat flux on properties . 16
5.3.4 Temperatures reached in the vehicles on fire and the immediate environment depending
on the duration of combustion . 18
5.3.5 Calorific flow measured under a heating hood during the combustion of different types of
vehicles . 19
5.3.6 Important principles for the protection against vehicles with dangerous goods . 19
6 Protection specifications . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Protection with special elements . 20
6.3 Protection trough environmental design . 21
7 Professional arrangement of the protective elements. 21
7.1 General . 21
7.2 Types of the protective elements . 22
7.3 Placing of the protective elements . 22
7.4 Additional requirements of protective elements . 22
Annex A (informative) Kinetic energy released when ramming with vehicles, static test loads . 24
Annex B (informative) Protective Elements . 30
Bibliography . 47

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 14383-8:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 325 “Prevention
of crime by urban planning and building design”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document is one of a series for “Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design” that consists
of the following parts:
Part 1: Definitions of specific terms
Part 2: Urban planning
Part 3: Dwellings
Part 4: Shops and offices
Part 5: Petrol stations
Part 6: Schools (document in progress)
Part 7: Design and management of public transport facilities
Part 8: Protection of buildings and sites against criminal attacks with vehicles (this document)
Introduction
Vehicles are often used for criminal actions. Offenders use the vehicle as a means to perform their criminal
deed. The vehicle does not only serve the getaway and transportation purposes, it is also used for the violent
breakthrough of security facilities like fences, doors, windows or façades.
The physical protection of a building or a site against the use of vehicles for a criminal purpose is not limited to
the sole application of access control through physical obstacles.
The design of such devices in urban environment must be subject to an approach that takes into account
various parameters including:
 the goal to be reached (deterrence, prevention, delay or limitation of the consequences of such criminal
act and, not least, allowing an alarm ),
 the cost-benefit ratio,
 the technical requirements,
 the policy carried out in the fields of urban planning, road planning and the protection of sensitive sites,
 the general visual aspect so that the town, the neighbourhood, the site or the building does not look like a
military fortified camp.
Any preventive approach in the field of security/safety requires first of all an analysis aiming to highlight the
real nature of the threat. The next step shall be a study of the consequences of the various elements that can
be implemented to lead to the validation of technical recommendations set out.
Generally, and whatever the type of criminal act, the major concern of the person in charge of security/safety
of a building or of a public or private site shall be the following:
 keep the potential vector of the risk as far as possible from its target.
To reduce the risk, the traffic flow in the direction of the target should, if possible, be influenced as follows:
 the speed parameter (winding road, use of zigzag, other speed reducer),
 preventing the frontal impact (vertical incidence direction) on the target by considering the design of
access roads,
 prohibiting parking in the immediate neighbourhood and the basement of the considered building, except
for buildings with trained staff in charge of strictly checking authorized vehicles (underneath, car boot,
loading area, etc.),
 limiting the dimensions of vehicles with authorized access by means of size control devices.
The security strategy may take into account not only the direct consequences of an attack but also the
consequential damage on persons and real values, which is the result of:

1 The alarm function is generally ensured by anti-intrusion devices or CCTV, see EN standards. It will not be reviewed
in the present document devoted to the mechanical protection of a building or a site.
 the movement of the vehicle itself or the crashed element,
 the more or less fast projection of sometimes primary fragments coming from the bomb or the vehicle
itself or secondary fragments from the crashed element or other objects in the danger area,
 the scattering of flammable materials or the projection of flames,
 the consequences of an explosion (blast, fire ball, primary and secondary fragments),
 etc.
NOTE Please remember that the set of protective elements mentioned in the present document should meet the
relevant requirements of the documents of national implementation or European recommendations quoted in the
references, see bibliography.
1 Scope
The purpose of this document is to describe the consequences and risks of the criminal use of motor vehicles
against buildings or sites in order to better assess the threats and to establish a security analysis:
a) identification of possible attack methods,
b) recommendation of technical elements in the field of protection,
c) description of a set of physical protective measures to reinforce the security of public and private
buildings,
d) recommendation of organizational measures.
This document contains information for the professional implementation and application of preventive
measures against the unauthorised access of vehicles into buildings or areas. It is necessary to achieve one
of the four following protection levels:
a) Traffic control
Regulating the use of the different spaces where vehicles occur: traffic lanes, car parks and parking
areas, delivery places, pedestrian areas, access routes, etc. The delinquent uses his own vehicle and
wants to avoid
...