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EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009

(Main)

Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods

Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods

This Part of EN 1915 specifies the conditions to be taken into consideration when calculating the strength and the stability of GSE according to EN 1915-1 and the EN 12312 series under intended use conditions. It also specifies general test methods.
NOTE   The methods given in this standard demonstrate one way of achieving an acceptable safety level. Methods that produce comparable results may be used.
This Part of EN 1915 does not establish additional requirements for the following:
-   operation elsewhere than in an airport environment;
-   operation in severe conditions, e.g. ambient temperature below -20  C or over 50  C, tropical or saturated salty atmospheric environment;
-   hazards caused by wind velocity in excess of the figures given in this European Standard;
-   earthquake, flood, landslide, lightning and more generally any natural catastrophe.
This Part of EN 1915 is not applicable to GSE which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this Standard.

Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 2: Standsicherheits- und Festigkeitsanforderungen, Berechnungen und Prüfverfahren

Dieser Teil von EN 1915 fasst die Bedingungen zusammen, die bei der Berechnung der Festigkeit und der
Standsicherheit von Luftfahrt-Bodengeräten entsprechend !EN 1915-1" und der Normenreihe EN 12312
für die bestimmungsgemäße Verwendung zu beachten sind. Sie gibt auch die Voraussetzungen an, unter
denen Prüfungen durchzuführen sind.
ANMERKUNG Die in dieser Norm angegebenen Methoden bieten einen möglichen Weg zum Erreichen eines annehmbaren
Sicherheitsniveaus. Methoden, die vergleichbare Ergebnisse liefern, dürfen ebenfalls angewendet werden.
In diesem Teil von EN 1915 sind für folgende Aspekte keine zusätzlichen Festlegungen enthalten:
- Betrieb außerhalb des Flughafens;
- Betrieb unter erschwerten Bedingungen, z. B. bei Umgebungstemperaturen unter −20 °C oder über
50 °C, in tropischer oder in gesättigter Salz-Atmosphäre;
- Gefährdungen aus Windgeschwindigkeiten oberhalb der in dieser Europäischen Norm angegebenen
Werte;
- Erdbeben, Überschwemmungen, Erdrutsche, Blitze und allgemein jede Art von Naturkatastrophen.
Dieser Teil von EN 1915 ist nicht auf Bodengeräte anzuwenden, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieser Norm
durch CEN hergestellt wurden.

Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 2: Prescriptions de stabilité et de résistance mécanique, calculs et méthodes d'essai

Podporna oprema na tleh za letalski promet - Splošne zahteve - 2. del: Zahteve za stabilnost in vzdržljivost, izračuni in preskusni postopki

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
24-Mar-2009
ICS
49.100 - Ground service and maintenance equipment
Technical Committee
CEN/TC 274 - Aircraft ground support equipment
Drafting Committee
CEN/TC 274/SC 1/WG 2 - Strength, stability, testing
Current Stage
Directive
2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
98/37/EC - Machinery
Mandate
M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
Ref Project
SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods

Relations

Merged From
EN 1915-2:2001 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods
Effective Date
19-Jan-2023
Merged From
EN 1915-2:2001/prA1 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods
Effective Date
28-Jan-2009

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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 2: Standsicherheits- und Festigkeitsanforderungen, Berechnungen und PrüfverfahrenMatériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 2: Prescriptions de stabilité et de résistance mécanique, calculs et méthodes d'essaiAircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods49.100Oprema za servis in vzdrževanje na tlehGround service and maintenance equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009en,de01-junij-2009SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1915-2:2001+A1
March 2009 ICS 49.100 Supersedes EN 1915-2:2001English Version
Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 2: Prescriptions de stabilité et de résistance mécanique, calculs et méthodes d'essai
Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 2: Standsicherheits- und Festigkeitsanforderungen, Berechnungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 January 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 15 February 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009: ESIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009

!!!!Safety requirements and/or protective measures"""" .95.1 General .95.2 Requirements for the strength calculation of steel constructions .95.2.1 General remarks.95.2.2 Loads and load combinations . 105.2.3 Materials . 125.2.4 Factors for stress calculations . 125.2.5 Combined stresses . 125.2.6 Fatigue . 125.3 Requirements for the calculation of safety related machinery parts . 135.3.1 Chain lifting elements . 135.3.2 Cylinders, pipes and hoses used in lifting systems . 135.3.3 Wire rope lifting elements . 135.3.4 Winches . 145.3.5 Winching plants . 145.3.6 Stabilizers . 145.4 Stability calculations . 145.4.1 Loads and forces . 155.4.2 Ground slope . 155.4.3 Elastic deflection . 155.4.4 Flat tyres . 155.4.5 Load combinations . 155.4.6 Stability criteria . 166 Information for use . 167 Verification of safety requirements and/or measures . 167.1 General . 167.2 Verification of strength . 177.2.1 Test loads . 177.2.2 Test procedure . 177.2.3 Test results . 177.3 Verification of stability . 187.3.1 General . 187.3.2 Test loads . 187.3.3 Test procedure . 187.3.4 Test results . 19Annex A (informative)
Examples for load geometry . 20Annex B (normative)
Wind shape factors . 26Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"""" . 28SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009

!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""" . 29Bibliography . 30 SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009

A further European Standard (EN 12312) in several parts covering specific requirements for different aircraft ground support equipment is in preparation. The parts of EN 12312 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements are: Part 1: Passenger stairs Part 12: Potable water service equipment Part 2: Catering vehicles Part 13: Lavatory service equipment Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles Part 14: Disabled/Incapacitated passenger
Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges
boarding equipment
Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment
Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment Part 16: Air start equipment Part 7: Aircraft movement equipment Part 17: Air conditioning equipment Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms Part 18: Oxygen/Nitrogen units Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters
tail stanchions Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load
Part 20: Ground power equipment. Trailers SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009

Introduction The abbreviation GSE means a complete item of aircraft ground support equipment in the context of this European Standard. When compiling this European Standard it was assumed that:  components without specific requirements are: a) designed in accordance with the usual engineering practices, welding and calculation codes including all failure modes; b) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality; c) made of materials free of defects;  components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required characteristics remain despite wear;  by design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the machine is assured for loading ranges from zero to 100 % of the rated possibilities and during tests;  a negotiation took place between the user and the manufacturer concerning particular conditons for the use and places of use of the GSE;  the place of operation allows a safe use of GSE. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this European Standard. The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, economical and usable GSE. Deviation from the recommended methods and conditions should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing and thorough in service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory. This European Standard is a Type C standard as defined in !EN ISO 12100". 1 Scope This Part of EN 1915 specifies the conditions to be taken into consideration when calculating the strength and the stability of GSE according to !EN 1915-1" and the EN 12312 series under intended use conditions. It also specifies general test methods. NOTE The methods given in this standard demonstrate one way of achieving an acceptable safety level. Methods that produce comparable results may be used. This Part of EN 1915 does not establish additional requirements for the following:  operation elsewhere than in an airport environment; SIST EN 1915-2:2002+A1:2009
...

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d)   elevating lounges;
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f)   other form of aircraft access equipment;
g)   autonomous PBB positioning.
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NOTE   EN 1915 4:2004+A1:2009 provides the general noise requirements.
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This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of passenger stairs when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and ground handling agencies.
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"Powered" is also understood as manual effort stored in springs or hydraulic accumulators, etc., the dangerous action of which can be produced or can continue after the manual effort has ceased or directly applied manual effort for lifting or lowering loads.
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e)   persons falling out of an aircraft with the passenger stairs not in position;
f)   hazards resulting from a moving stairway (escalator);
g)   aircraft upper deck door access.
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This document applies to GSE when used in civil air transport as intended by the manufacturer and contains safety requirements relating to the equipment in general.
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This part of EN 1915 does not establish additional requirements for the following:
a)   operation elsewhere than in an airport environment;
b)   operation in severe conditions, e.g. ambient temperature below -20 °C or over 50 °C, tropical or saturated salty atmospheric environment, strong magnetic or radiation field;
c)   operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmosphere except as regards operation in the vicinity of an aircraft fuel tank during fuelling operation;
d)   hazards caused by power supply other than from electrical networks;
e)   hazards occurring during construction, transportation, decommissioning and disassembly of the GSE;
f)   hazards caused by wind velocity in excess of the figures given in this document;
g)   direct contact with food stuffs;
h)   earthquake, flood, landslide, lightning and more generally any exceptional natural event;
i)   electromagnetic compatibility (EMC);
j)   hazards caused by noise and vibration, see EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 and EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009.
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This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of aircraft movement equipment when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
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This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to aircraft movement equipment manufactured before the date of its publication.
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This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of conveyor belt vehicles when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
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This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to conveyor belt vehicles which were manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
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EN ISO 11532:2020(Main)
Aircraft ground equipment - Graphical symbols (ISO 11532:2018)
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ISO 11532:2018 establishes common graphical symbols for use on all types of aircraft ground support equipment.
They have been compiled for the benefit of those who deal with such equipment, such as airlines, airport handling agencies, airport authorities, manufacturers, etc., in order to facilitate fast and accurate identification of controls, indicators and decals of powered and unpowered equipment.
The presentation of this document is based on the recommendations of ISO/TC 145, Graphical symbols.
ISO 11532:2018 is also intended to promote standardization of terms for controls, indicators, etc. for aircraft ground support equipment and alleviate language problems.
These graphical symbols are intended to be placed on all new equipment and retrofitted on all existing equipment as far as possible.
NOTE       This document is intended to be read with the documents listed in the bibliography.

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EN 12312-8:2018(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 8: Maintenance or service stairs and platforms
SIST EN 12312-8:2018

1.1   General
This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of maintenance or service stairs and platforms when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
These machines are designed to be used as aircraft ground support equipment with the intended use to serve aircraft in outdoor conditions on the apron. They can also be used indoors at hangars. The use of such equipment for operations not in conjunction with aircraft is not defined as intended use therein. Due to the good operational conditions on the apron, deviations from some clauses of EN 280 were deemed acceptable.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   self-propelled fixed or adjustable maintenance or service stairs and elevating platforms;
b)   towable maintenance or service stairs and platforms equipped with powered means, e.g. for height adjustment, stabilizers;
designed for aircraft maintenance or service purposes including access to the aircraft.
NOTE 1   Powered will be also understood as manual effort stored in springs or hydraulic accumulators, etc., the dangerous action of which can be produced or can continue after the manual effort has ceased or directly applied manual effort for lifting or lowering loads.
NOTE 2   Those clauses of this standard that can apply can also be used as a guideline for the design of towable maintenance or service stairs and platforms without powered means.
This European Standard does not apply to:
c)   maintenance docks either fixed to the ground or moveable only for docking procedure;
d)   ground support equipment specifically intended, built and equipped with a fluid system for aircraft de-icing and anti-icing (see EN 12312 6);
NOTE 3   This does not prevent aircraft de-icers meeting the requirements of EN 12312 6 from being used as a means of access for aircraft maintenance, e.g. windshield cleaning, etc.
e)   mobile elevating work platforms (MEWP) used at the airports for purposes other than aircraft maintenance, e.g. buildings and facilities (see EN 280).
No extra requirements on noise and vibration are provided other than those given in EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4.
NOTE 4   EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements.
This European Standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron.
This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to maintenance or service stairs and platforms which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915 1, EN 1915 2, EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4 provides the requirements for maintenance or service stairs and platforms.
1.2   Classification
For the purposes of this document, mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) used for aircraft maintenance access are divided into two main groups A and B. In addition, group C is considered as described in c) hereafter:
a)   Group A: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area is always inside the tipping lines.
NOTE 1   See 5.2 hereafter for the specific requirements applying to Group A MEWPs.
b)   Group B: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area may be outside the tipping lines.
NOTE 2   See 5.3 hereafter for the specific requirements applying to Group B MEWPs.
c)   Group C consists of maintenance or service access stairs, where persons are not elevated by the machine but climb a flight of steps.
(...)

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CEN
EN 12312-13:2017(Main)
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 13: Lavatory service equipment
SIST EN 12312-13:2017

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of lavatory service equipment when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   self-propelled lavatory vehicles;
b)   towable lavatory vehicles;
c)   moveable parts of ramp integrated systems,
designed for servicing aircraft and intended to be used under the conditions given in EN 1915-1:2013, Clause 1.
No extra requirements on noise and vibration are provided other than those in EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4.
NOTE   EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements.
This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to lavatory service equipment which is manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
This part of EN 12312, when used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4, provides the requirements for lavatory service equipment.

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