CEN/TR 13097:2010

Characterization of sludges - Good practice for sludge utilisation in agriculture

This Technical Report describes good practice for the use of sludges in agriculture (where national regulations permit).  It is applicable to all of the sludges described in the scope of CEN/TC 308 (and any of the forms in which they may be presented - liquid, dewatered, dried, composted, etc.) i.e. sludges from:
-   storm water handling;
-   night soil;
-   urban wastewater collecting systems;
-   urban wastewater treatment plants;
-   treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EC [1]);
-   water supply treatment plants;
-   but excluding hazardous sludges from industry.
Such sludges may be used on land as a source of plant nutrients, and/or soil improver, and/or alkaline amendment for crop production. Despite differences in the statutory controls between sewage sludge and other sludges, the use of all types of sludge should follow good practice to maximise benefits for the crops or soils, to minimise potential risks of environmental contamination and adverse impacts on plant, animal and human health, and to ensure sustainability, energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Sludge producers should be aware that if a sludge is used as a fertilising or alkaline amendment, national or EU fertiliser or liming regulations may apply.
The document assumes that an evaluation of sludge utilisation has already been made, and a decision was taken that use of sludge within a land spreading policy is the best option.
For evaluation and decisions for use of sludges, other documents have been developed (see CR 13714, CR 13846).
Many countries and/or local administrations have regulations and/or standards and/or codes of practice applicable to the use of some of the types of sludge that are within the scope of this Technical Report, however it cannot, and does not, attempt to summarise or take account of these regulations, etc. because of their very wide range. It is thus essential that this Technical Report is read in the context of the

Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Leitfaden für die Verfahrensweise bei der Verwendung von Schlämmen in der Landwirtschaft

Caractérisation des boues - Bonne pratique pour la valorisation des boues en agriculture

Le présent rapport technique décrit les bonnes pratiques pour la valorisation des boues en agriculture (dans la
limite de la réglementation nationale). Il concerne toutes les boues décrites dans le domaine d’application du
CEN/TC 308 et toutes les formes sous lesquelles elles se présentent : liquide, déshydratée, séchée,
compostée, etc., c’est-à-dire les boues :
⎯ de la collecte des eaux pluviales ;
⎯ des matières de vidange :
⎯ des systèmes de collecte des eaux usées urbaines ;
⎯ des stations d’épuration des eaux usées urbaines ;
⎯ des stations d’épuration des eaux industrielles assimilées (telles que définies par la Directive 91/271/CE
[1]) ;
⎯ des installations de traitement de l’alimentation en eau ;
⎯ à l’exclusion des boues industrielles dangereuses.
De telles boues peuvent être utilisées sur les terres comme source d’éléments nutritifs des plantes,
amendement organique et/ou amendement basique pour les cultures. Bien que les contrôles réglementaires
applicables aux boues d’épuration et aux autres boues diffèrent, il convient que l’utilisation de tous les types
de boues respecte les bonnes pratiques afin d’exploiter au maximum les avantages pour les cultures ou les
sols, de réduire au minimum les risques potentiels de contamination de l’environnement et de répercussion
nuisible à la santé des plantes, des animaux et de l’homme et de garantir la durabilité, l'efficacité énergétique
et la rentabilité.
Il convient que les producteurs de boues sachent qu’en cas d’utilisation d’une boue comme élément fertilisant
ou amendement basique, des dispositions réglementaires nationales ou européennes sur les engrais ou le
chaulage sont susceptibles d’être applicables.
Dans ce document, il est supposé qu’une étude préalable à la valorisation des boues a été réalisée et que
l’utilisation de boues dans le cadre d’une politique d’épandage a été considérée comme étant la meilleure
solution.

Karakterizacija blata - Dobra praksa za uporabo blata v kmetijstvu

To tehnično poročilo opisuje dobro prakso za uporabo blata v kmetijstvu (kjer to dovoljujejo nacionalni predpisi). Velja za vse vrste blata, opisane v okviru CEN/TC 308 (in kateri koli obliki, v kateri se lahko pojavljajo - tekoči, kateri je bila odstranjena voda, posušeni, kompostirani itd.), tj. blato iz:  - ravnanja z vodo ob neurjih; - vsebine greznice; - urbanih sistemov zbiranja odpadne vode; - čistilnih naprav za odpadno vodo; - obravnavanja industrijske odpadne vode na podoben način kot urbane odpadne vode (kot je opredeljeno v Direktivi 91/271/EGS); - čistilnih naprav za sistem oskrbe z vodo; vendar ne iz nevarnega blata iz industrije. Takšno blato se lahko uporablja na tleh kot vir rastlinskih hranil in/ali kot sredstvo za izboljšanje zemljišča in/ali kot alkalno dopolnilo za pridelavo poljščin. Kljub razlikam pri predpisanem nadzoru med blatom iz čistilnih naprav in drugim blatom, mora upora vseh tipov blata slediti dobri praksi za čim večje koristi za poljščine ali zemljišča in čim manjša potencialna tveganja za onesnaženje in škodljive učinke za zdravje rastlin, živali in ljudi ter zagotoviti trajnost, energetsko učinkovitost in stroškovno učinkovitost. Proizvajalci blata se morajo zavedati, da če se blato uporabi kot alkalno dopolnilo ali dopolnilo pri gnojenju, lahko zanj veljajo nacionalni predpisi ali predpisi EU o gnojilih oziroma apnenju. Dokument predpostavlja, da je bilo vrednotenje izrabe blata že izvedeno in da je bila že sprejeta odločitev, da je uporaba blata v okviru politike širjenja zemljišča najboljša možnost. Za vrednotenje in odločitve za uporabo blata so bili razviti drugi dokumenti (glej CR 13714, CR 13846). Številne države in/ali lokalne uprave imajo predpise in/ali standarde in/ali kodekse ravnanja, ki veljajo za uporabo nekaterih tipov blata, ki so v okviru področja uporabe tega tehničnega poročila, vendar le-to ne more in ne poskuša povzemati ali upoštevati teh predpisov zaradi njihovega širokega razpona. Zato je bistveno, da se to tehnično poročilo razlaga v okviru pogojev, ki prevladujejo lokalno..

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 01-Jun-2010
• ICS: 13.030.20 - Liquid wastes. Sludge
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 308 - Characterization of sludges
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 308/WG 2 - Guidelines for good practice in the production, utilization and for disposal of sludges
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 02-Jun-2010
• Due Date: 20-Nov-2009
• Completion Date: 02-Jun-2010
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 13097:2010 - Characterization of sludges - Good practice for sludge utilisation in agriculture

Relations

• Replaces: CR 13097:2001 - Characterization of sludges - Good practice for utilisation in agriculture
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST CR 13097:2001
Karakterizacija blata - Dobra praksa za uporabo blata v kmetijstvu
Characterization of sludges - Good practice for sludge utilisation in agriculture
Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Leitfaden für die Verfahrensweise bei der
Verwendung von Schlämmen in der Landwirtschaft
Caractérisation des boues - Bonne pratique pour la valorisation des boues en agriculture
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 13097:2010
ICS:
13.030.20 7HNRþLRGSDGNL%ODWR Liquid wastes. Sludge
65.080 Gnojila Fertilizers
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 13097
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
June 2010
ICS 13.030.20 Supersedes CR 13097:2001
English Version
Characterization of sludges - Good practice for sludge utilisation
in agriculture
Caractérisation des boues - Bonne pratique pour la Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Leitfaden für die
valorisation des boues en agriculture Verfahrensweise bei der Verwendung von Schlämmen in
der Landwirtschaft
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 February 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 308.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 13097:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Requirements .5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Preliminary procedures .6
4.2.1 General .6
4.2.2 National regulations .6
4.2.3 Voluntary agreements .6
4.2.4 Quality assurance .6
4.2.5 Strategic evaluation .7
4.2.6 Sludge quality .8
4.2.7 Sludge type .9
4.2.8 Design of the sludge utilisation programme .9
4.3 Quality control (including environmental and agronomic data) .9
4.3.1 Process control .9
4.3.2 Sludge sampling and analysis .9
4.3.3 Maintenance of sludge quality . 11
4.3.4 Soil sampling and analysis . 11
4.4 Assuring hygiene when sludges are used in agriculture . 12
4.4.1 General . 12
4.4.2 Hygiene control by application and relating sludge type to land use . 13
4.5 Operation . 13
4.5.1 General . 13
4.5.2 Communication strategy and public relations . 13
4.5.3 Operational planning . 14
4.5.4 Storage . 14
4.5.5 Delivery . 15
4.5.6 Application techniques . 15
4.5.7 Nutrient management, application rate and times . 17
4.5.8 Data recording . 18
4.5.9 Additional guidance to customers . 18
4.6 Promotion of agricultural use . 18
4.6.1 General . 18
4.6.2 Market development . 19
4.6.3 Agronomic support. 19
4.6.4 Marketing and selling procedures . 19
4.7 Support procedures. 20
4.7.1 Quality assurance . 20
4.7.2 Continuous improvement . 20
4.7.3 Data and record keeping . 20
Annex A (informative) Guides of good practice for use and disposal of sludges. 22
Bibliography . 23

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 13097:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 308
“Characterisation of sludges”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CR 13097:2001.
This document gives recommendations for good practice but existing national regulations remain in force.

1 Scope
This Technical Report describes good practice for the use of sludges in agriculture (where national regulations
permit). It is applicable to all of the sludges described in the scope of CEN/TC 308 (and any of the forms in
which they may be presented - liquid, dewatered, dried, composted, etc.) i.e. sludges from:
 storm water handling;
 night soil;
 urban wastewater collecting systems;
 urban wastewater treatment plants;
 treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EC [1]);
 water supply treatment plants;
 but excluding hazardous sludges from industry.
Such sludges may be used on land as a source of plant nutrients, and/or soil improver, and/or alkaline
amendment for crop production. Despite differences in the statutory controls between sewage sludge and
other sludges, the use of all types of sludge should follow good practice to maximise benefits for the crops or
soils, to minimise potential risks of environmental contamination and adverse impacts on plant, animal and
human health, and to ensure sustainability, energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Sludge producers should be aware that if a sludge is used as a fertilising or alkaline amendment, national or
EU fertiliser or liming regulations may apply.
The document assumes that an evaluation of sludge utilisation has already been made, and a decision was
taken that use of sludge within a land spreading policy is the best option.
For evaluation and decisions for use of sludges, other documents have been developed (see CR 13714,
CR 13846).
Many countries and/or local administrations have regulations and/or standards and/or codes of practice
applicable to the use of some of the types of sludge that are within the scope of this Technical Report,
however it cannot, and does not, attempt to summarise or take account of these regulations, etc. because of
their very wide range. It is thus essential that this Technical Report is read in the context of the conditions that
prevail locally.
NOTE Adoption in France in 2002 of a standard for standardized composts containing substances from wastewater
treatment NF U44-095: Organic soil improvers – Composts containing substances useful for agriculture, stemming from
water treatment.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1085:2007, Wastewater treatment — Vocabulary
EN 12832:1999, Characterization of sludges — Utilisation and disposal of sludges — Vocabulary
CEN/TR 15809, Characterization of sludges — Hygienic aspects — Treatments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1085:2007, EN 12832:1999 and the
following apply.
3.1
potentially toxic substances (PTS)
substances which, when present in excess and in forms that are available to the subject in question, can be
toxic
(CEN/TR 15584)
3.2
BPEO
best practicable environmental option
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The purpose of this Technical Report is to assist sludge utilisation operations to:
a) achieve compliance with 86/278/EEC and other environmental legislation or codes of good practice which
are relevant to the type and use of sludge or to the location of operations;
b) gain and maintain the confidence of users, authorities responsible for monitoring regulatory compliance,
food purchasing and/or processing companies and third parties which (amongst others) include members
of the public (particularly those local to where the sludge is applied);
c) make maximum use of the valuable constituents in the sludge;
d) have a long term sustainable solution with minimum cost and maximum benefit to the environment
consistent with the above.
Considerations of treatment, source control of pollutants and preparation of sludges are discussed in
CEN/TR 13714, CEN/TR 15473 and CEN/TR 15809.
The widely recognised waste management hierarchy recommends, in general, the utilisation of sludge as
preferable to disposal options such as landfill. Where agricultural land is available and conveniently
accessible, this is usually the best practicable environmental option.
Sludges usually contain nutrients, organic matter and trace elements, which are beneficial to the growth of
crops (including energy crops and grass) and to the fertility, structure and/or texture of soils. They are
therefore valued by farmers. Sludges may contain contaminants, and/or pathogens, and may be odorous.
Consequently, the whole process (from source control of potential pollutants, through sludge treatment, to
sludge application and the way the land is farmed) should be controlled to avoid adverse impacts on the
environment, or on plant, animal and human health. Such safe controlled use of sludge on land can be
considered a component of sustainable development.
Many European countries have developed guidelines and regulations for the safe use of sewage sludge.
T
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