EN ISO 9693:2019

Dentistry - Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO 9693:2019)

This document specifies requirements and test methods to assess the thermomechanical compatibility between a veneering ceramic and a metallic or ceramic substructure material used for dental restorations.
This document applies only to the materials used in combination. Conformity cannot be claimed for a single material.
For requirements for ceramic materials, see ISO 6872. For requirements for metallic materials see ISO 22674.

Zahnheilkunde - Kompatibilitätsprüfungen für metall-keramische und keramisch-keramische Systeme (ISO 9693:2019)

In diesem Dokument werden Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren zur Beurteilung der Kompatibilität zwischen einer Verblendkeramik und einem metallischen oder keramischen Gerüstwerkstoff, die zur Herstellung von dentalen Restaurationen verwendet werden, festgelegt.
Dieses Dokument gilt nur für Werkstoffe, die in Kombination verwendet werden. Die Erfüllung der Anforderungen kann nicht für einen Werkstoff allein beansprucht werden.
Für Anforderungen an keramische Werkstoffe siehe ISO 6872. Für Anforderungen an metallische Werkstoffe siehe ISO 22674.

Médecine bucco-dentaire - Essais de compatibilité pour systèmes métallo-céramiques et céramo-céramiques (ISO 9693:2019)

Le présent document spécifie des exigences et des méthodes d'essai qui permettent d'évaluer la compatibilité thermomécanique entre une céramique de recouvrement et un matériau d'infrastructure métallique ou céramique utilisés pour des restaurations dentaires.
Le présent document s'applique uniquement aux matériaux combinés. La conformité ne peut pas être déclarée pour un matériau individuel.
Pour obtenir les exigences relatives aux matériaux céramiques, voir l'ISO 6872. Pour obtenir les exigences relatives aux matériaux métalliques, voir l'ISO 22674.

Zobozdravstvo - Preskušanje združljivosti za kovinsko-keramične in keramično-keramične sisteme (ISO 9693:2019)

Ta standard določa zahteve in preskusne metode za oceno toplotno-mehanske združljivosti med keramičnimi materiali za prevleke in kovinskimi ali keramičnimi podstrukturnimi materiali, ki se uporabljajo za popravila zob. Ta dokument se uporablja samo za materiale, ki se uporabljajo v kombinaciji. Za posamezen material ni mogoče zagotoviti skladnosti. Za zahteve za keramične materiale glej standard ISO 6872. Za zahteve za kovinske materiale glej standard ISO 22674.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Nov-2019
• Withdrawal Date: 30-May-2020
• ICS: 11.060.10 - Dental materials
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 55 - Dentistry
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 55 - Dentistry
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 20-Nov-2019
• Completion Date: 20-Nov-2019
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 9693:2020 - Dentistry - Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO 9693:2019)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 9693-1:2012 - Dentistry - Compatibility testing - Part 1: Metal-ceramic systems (ISO 9693-1:2012)
• Effective Date: 27-Nov-2019
• Replaces: EN ISO 9693-2:2016 - Dentistry - Compatibility testing - Part 2: Ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO 9693-2:2016)
• Effective Date: 29-Aug-2018

Overview

EN ISO 9693:2019 - Dentistry: Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO 9693:2019) specifies test methods and requirements to assess the thermomechanical compatibility between a veneering ceramic and a metallic or ceramic substructure used in dental restorations. The standard focuses on the behaviour of the material combination (veneer + substrate); conformity cannot be declared for a single material alone.

Keywords: EN ISO 9693:2019, compatibility testing, metal-ceramic, ceramic-ceramic, veneering ceramic, dental restorations, thermomechanical compatibility.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and intent
  • Evaluates compatibility under mechanical and thermal loading relevant to the oral environment.
  • Applies to combinations of veneering ceramics with metallic or ceramic substructures.
• Required measurements and tests
  • Linear thermal expansion - coefficients measured for both veneering and substrate materials (see ISO 6872 / ISO 22674 protocols).
  • Glass transition temperature and Young’s modulus where applicable.
  • De-bonding / crack-initiation test (Schwickerath-type test retained for metallic substrates and for ceramic substrates with elastic modulus < 250 GPa) to characterise adhesion and crack initiation at the interface.
  • Thermal shock / thermocycling protocols - new requirement for metal-ceramic systems with two alternative thermocycling procedures.
• General requirements
  • Individual component materials should meet relevant material standards (ceramics: ISO 6872; metallic materials: ISO 22674).
  • Biocompatibility considerations are referenced (see ISO 10993-1 and ISO 7405) although specific biological test methods are not included.
  • Test specimen preparation, sampling, and reporting formats are specified to ensure reproducibility.

Applications and users

Who uses EN ISO 9693:2019:

• Dental materials manufacturers (ceramics, alloys, dental porcelains)
• Dental laboratories and prosthodontic technicians validating veneered restorations
• Independent testing laboratories performing product compatibility and quality assessment
• Regulatory bodies and conformity assessment agencies
• Research groups studying interface behaviour and failure modes in prosthetics

Practical benefits:

• Predicts risk of veneer delamination, cracking or failure under masticatory and thermal stresses
• Informs material selection and processing (conditioning, liners, firing schedules)
• Supports product development, certification and claims for combined dental systems

Related standards

• ISO 6872 - Dentistry: Ceramic materials
• ISO 22674 - Dentistry: Metallic materials for restorations and appliances
• ISO 10993-1, ISO 7405 - Biological evaluation guidance
• ISO 1942 - Dentistry vocabulary

EN ISO 9693:2019 is essential for ensuring reliable, long-lasting metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic dental restorations by standardizing compatibility testing and reporting.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 9693-1:2012
SIST EN ISO 9693-2:2016
Zobozdravstvo - Preskušanje združljivosti za kovinsko-keramične in keramično-
keramične sisteme (ISO 9693:2019)
Dentistry - Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO
9693:2019)
Zahnheilkunde - Kompatibilitätsprüfungen für metall-keramische und keramisch-
keramische Systeme (ISO 9693:2019)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Essais de compatibilité pour systèmes métalliques-
céramiques et céramiques-céramiques (ISO 9693:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9693:2019
ICS:
11.060.10 Zobotehnični materiali Dental materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 9693
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 11.060.10 Supersedes EN ISO 9693-1:2012, EN ISO 9693-2:2016
English Version
Dentistry - Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and
ceramic-ceramic systems (ISO 9693:2019)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Essais de compatibilité pour Zahnheilkunde - Kompatibilitätsprüfungen für metall-
systèmes métallo-céramiques et céramo-céramiques keramische und keramisch-keramische Systeme (ISO
(ISO 9693:2019) 9693:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 October 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9693:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 9693:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106 "Dentistry"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 9693-1:2012 and EN ISO 9693-2:2016.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9693:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9693:2019 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9693
Third edition
2019-10
Dentistry — Compatibility testing for
metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic
systems
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Essais de compatibilité pour systèmes
métallo-céramiques et céramo-céramiques
Reference number
ISO 9693:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 9693:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 9693:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements . 2
4.1 Biocompatibility . 2
4.2 Physical properties . 2
4.2.1 General. 2
4.2.2 Thermal expansion . 2
4.2.3 De-bonding/crack-initiation test . 2
4.2.4 Thermal shock resistance . 3
5 Sampling . 3
5.1 Metallic substructure material . 3
5.2 Ceramic substructure material . 3
5.3 Veneering ceramic . 3
6 Test methods . 3
6.1 Linear thermal expansion . 3
6.1.1 Metallic materials . 3
6.1.2 Ceramic materials . 3
6.2 Glass transition temperature . 3
6.3 Young's modulus . 3
6.4 De-bonding/crack-initiation test . 3
6.4.1 Apparatus . 3
6.4.2 Preparation of test specimens . 4
6.4.3 Determination of fracture force . 4
6.4.4 Test report . 6
6.5 Thermal shock testing . 6
6.5.1 General. 6
6.5.2 Preparation of test specimen . 7
6.5.3 Thermocycling test with fixed temperature interval. 7
6.5.4 Thermocycling test with increasing temperature interval . 7
7 Test report . 8
Bibliography .10
ISO 9693:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 2,
Prosthodontic materials.
This third edition cancels and replaces ISO 9693-1:2012 and ISO 9693-2:2016, which have been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous editions are as follows:
— this document focuses only on the compatibility of veneering ceramics fired on to metallic or ceramic
substrate materials. Tests of dental veneering ceramics themselves, whether for either metal or
ceramic substructures, are now contained in ceramics standard ISO 6872;
— some clauses are relevant for all materials (e.g. measurement of thermal expansion coefficients);
— the de-bonding test (formerly denoted the Schwickerath bond characterization test) for veneering
ceramic fired to a substrate is retained for metallic substrates and for ceramic substrates with an
elastic modulus less than 250 GPa;
— a new requirement has been added for metal-ceramic systems to undergo thermal shock testing
according to either of two protocols.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 9693:2019(E)
Introduction
Dental veneering ceramics and metal alloys or substructure ceramics are suitable materials for the
fabrication of dental restorations. Compatibility between the veneering ceramic and the substructure
material under mechanical and thermal loading is essential if they are to function in a prosthetic
construction.
This document specifies requirements and test methods for assessing the risk of failure associated with
masticatory forces and the oral environment.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9693:2019(E)
Dentistry — Compatibility testing for metal-ceramic and
ceramic-ceramic systems
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and test methods to assess the thermomechanical compatibility
between a veneering ceramic and a metallic or ceramic substructure material used for dental
restorations.
This document applies only to the materials used in combination
...