prEN ISO 1247-1
(Main)Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for aluminium pigments suitable for use in paints including:
a) general, decorative and protective paints, and
b) special finishing paints.
Aluminium-Pigmente für Beschichtungsstoffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Aluminium-Pigmente (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures - Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium à usage général (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Le présent document spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai correspondantes pour les pigments d’aluminium utilisables dans les peintures, notamment:
a) les peintures protectrices, décoratives et à usage général; et
b) les peintures de finition particulières.
Aluminijevi pigmenti za barve - 1. del: Splošni aluminijevi pigmenti (ISO 1247-1:2021)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
01-marec-2023
Aluminijevi pigmenti za barve - 1. del: Splošni aluminijevi pigmenti (ISO 1247-
1:2021)
Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Aluminium-Pigmente für Beschichtungsstoffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Aluminium-Pigmente
(ISO 1247-1:2021)Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures - Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium généraux (ISO
1247-1:2021)Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 1247-1
ICS:
77.120.10 Aluminij in aluminijeve zlitine Aluminium and aluminium
alloys
87.060.10 Pigmenti in polnila Pigments and extenders
oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1247-1
First edition
2021-08
Aluminium pigments for paints —
Part 1:
General aluminium pigments
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures —
Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium généraux
Reference number
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
ISO 2021
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oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
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© ISO 2021
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oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................vii
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Description ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
5 Classification ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
6 Requirements and test methods .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
7 Sampling ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
8 Determination of non-volatile-matter content ..................................................................................................................... 3
8.1 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
8.2 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
8.2.1 Number of determinations...................................................................................................................................... 4
8.2.2 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
8.2.3 Determination .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
8.3 Expression of results .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
9 Determination of matter soluble in organic solvents .................................................................................................... 5
10 Comparison of appearance ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
10.1 Test portion ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
10.2 Assessment ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
11 Determination of residue on sieve ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
11.1 Reagent .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
11.2 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
11.3 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
11.3.1 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
11.3.2 Determination .................................................................................................................................................................... 8
11.4 Expression of results .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
12 Determination of water-covering capacity ............................................................................................................................... 8
12.1 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
12.2 Reagents........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
12.3 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
12.4 Pre-treatment of sample ..............................................................................................................................................................10
12.5 Preparation of trough .....................................................................................................................................................................10
12.6 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................10
12.6.1 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................10
12.6.2 Determination .................................................................................................................................................................11
12.7 Expression of results .......................................................................................................................................................................11
12.8 Precision ....................................................................................................................................................................................................12
12.8.1 Repeatability ....................................................................................................................................................................12
12.8.2 Reproducibility ...............................................................................................................................................................12
13 Determination of leafing power ........................................................................................................................................................12
13.1 Reagents.....................................................................................................................................................................................................12
13.2 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................12
13.3 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................13
13.3.1 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................13
13.3.2 Determination .................................................................................................................................................................13
13.4 Expression of results .......................................................................................................................................................................14
13.5 Precision ....................................................................................................................................................................................................15
13.5.1 Repeatability ....................................................................................................................................................................15
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13.5.2 Reproducibility ...............................................................................................................................................................15
14 Determination of water content ........................................................................................................................................................15
14.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................15
14.2 Electrometric titration method..............................................................................................................................................15
14.3 Visual titration method .................................................................................................................................................................15
14.4 Expression of results .......................................................................................................................................................................15
15 Determination of lead (spectrophotometric method) ...............................................................................................16
15.1 Reagents.....................................................................................................................................................................................................16
15.2 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................16
15.3 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................17
15.3.1 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................17
15.3.2 Blank test .............................................................................................................................................................................17
15.3.3 Determination .................................................................................................................................................................17
16 Determination of hiding power ..........................................................................................................................................................17
16.1 Apparatus and materials .............................................................................................................................................................17
16.2 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................18
17 Determination of metallic impurities with flame atomic absorption spectrometric
method .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
17.1 Determination range .......................................................................................................................................................................18
17.2 Principle .....................................................................................................................................................................................................18
17.3 Reagent .......................................................................................................................................................................................................18
17.4 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................20
17.5 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................20
17.5.1 Test portion .......................................................................................................................................................................20
17.5.2 Blank experiment .........................................................................................................................................................20
17.5.3 Preparation of the test sample ..........................................................................................................................20
17.5.4 Treatment of the different elements in the sample ........................................................................21
17.5.5 Spectrometric measurement ..............................................................................................................................21
17.5.6 Expression of results .................................................................................................................................................22
18 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................23
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oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 256, Pigments, dyestuff and extenders.
This first edition of ISO 1247-1, together with ISO 1247-2, cancels and replaces ISO 1247:1974, which has
been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 1247:1974/Amd 1:1982.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:— an introduction has been added, giving the reasons for the division;
— Clause 3, Terms and definitions, has been added and the terms “non-volatile-matter” and “hiding
power” have been included;— a distinction between surface-treated and surface-untreated aluminium pigments has been
introduced in Clause 4 and 5;— former subclause 4.2, Classes, has been deleted;
— “matter volatile at 105 °C” has been substituted by “non-volatile-matter”;
— former Clause 6, Packing, has been deleted;
— Clause 7, Sampling, has been reduced to a reference to ISO 15528;
— the requirements and test methods of “pigment specific surface area”, “particle size distribution”
and “hiding power” and the corresponding test methods have been added to Table 1 and Table 1 has
been renamed “Requirements and test methods”;— the test method for “manganese” has been deleted from the metallic impurities in Table 1;
— the flame atomic absorption spectrometric method has been introduced to determine metal
impurities;— former Clause 13, Test for absence of leafing power, has been deleted;
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— Table 3, test portions, has been deleted;
— Clause 16, Determination of hiding power, has been added;
— the normative references have been updated and the text has been editorially revised.
A list of all parts in the ISO 1247 series can be found on the ISO website.Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.vi © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Introduction
Since the beginning of the new millennium, with the progress in technology and product development,
there is a boom of new types of aluminium pigments which, serving as heat-resistant or rust-proof
coatings or as colorants, find their ways into applications in a wide range of industrial sectors.
Aluminium pigments can be conveniently divided into two groups according to their forms: general
aluminium pigments produced in a milling process and vacuum metallized aluminium pigments (VMP)
(see ISO 1247-2). As the technical requirements are different for aluminium pigments used in different
fields, it is necessary to develop an international standard for each of the two groups.
To meet the needs in the marketing of aluminium pigments, characteristics such as “particle size
distribution” and “hiding power”, as well as their corresponding testing methods, are introduced in this
document.To improve the safety of the aluminium pigments, the organic solvents and auxiliary agents of low
flashpoints have been substituted by reagents with high flashpoints, the “matter volatile at 105 °C” has
been replaced by “non-volatile-matter”, for which testing methods are developed according to ISO 3251.
The previous edition (i.e. ISO 1247:1974) uses different spectrophotometric methods to determine the
content of lead, iron and copper, and the ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration method
to determine zinc. These methods are cumbersome to operate. The method used to determine lead
involves the use of potassium cyanate, a highly toxic agent seldom used since the 1990s, and the method
used to determine zinc is applicable only to samples with a total zinc content of 0,10 % or above, and
does not suit the status quo of the aluminium pigment industry. While these old methods are retained
in this document, the flame atomic absorption spectrometric method is introduced as a new option
for the determination of the above-mentioned metallic impurities. This method is faster, operation-
friendly, has a wider range of detection, and is gaining more and more popularity.
To use as little toxic reagent as possible, this document resorts to using 2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl
acetate to replace acetone, which, as material likely to be used for making illegal drugs, is now forbidden
or restricted by many countries.© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved vii
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oSIST prEN ISO 1247-1:2023
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Aluminium pigments for paints —
Part 1:
General aluminium pigments
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for aluminium pigments
suitable for use in paints including:a) general, decorative and protective paints, and
b) special finishing paints.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — BurettesISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
ISO 793, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of iron — Orthophenanthroline photometric
methodISO 795, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of copper content — Oxalyldihydrazide
photometric methodISO 808, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of silicon — Spectrophotometric method with
the reduced silicomolybdic complexISO 1042, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks
ISO 1784, Aluminium alloys — Determination of zinc — EDTA titrimetric method
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption — BET method
ISO 13320, Particle size analysis — Laser diffraction methodsISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling
ISO 18451-1, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders — Terminology — Part 1: General terms
ISO 18451-2, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders — Terminology — Part 2: Classification of colouring
materials according to colouristic and chemical aspects3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18451-1, ISO 18451-2 and the
following apply.© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
non-volatile matter
residue by mass obtained by evaporation under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Instead of the term “non-volatile matter” different terms, such as solid, dry residue, dry matter,
solid matter, stoving residue are being used commonly with the respective abbreviations. The term “non-volatile
matter” which is also applied in ISO 3251 should be used together with the abbreviation “NV” instead of these
terms.[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2014, 2.176]
3.2
hiding power
ability of a pigmented medium to hide the colour or the colour differences of a substrate
[SOURCE: ISO 18314-2:2015, 2.1.6]4 Description
Aluminium pigments are composed of finely divided aluminium metal. The particles of aluminium metal
are lamellar in shape when examined microscopically. It is typically divided by the predominant flake
shape into “cornflake” (flakes with predominantly ragged and uneven flake shape) and “silverdollar”
(flakes with predominantly round and smooth surface).The material may be in the form of a powder or a paste and have leafing or non-leafing characteristics
and the surface of the aluminium flakes may be untreated or treated by technical processing.
Mica and other adulterants shall be absent. If, in solution of the sample in hydrochloric acid as described
in 15.3.3, a non-fatty residue is obtained, the residue shall be examined.5 Classification
This document covers four types of general aluminium pigments, as follows:
— Type 1: aluminium powder, leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 2: aluminium paste, leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 3: aluminium powder, non-leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 4: aluminium paste, non-leafing, surface untreated or treated.
NOTE Untreated refers to milled aluminium pigments with necessary milling agents. Treated refers to
the involvement of an additional process to modify the aluminium surface in order to protect the pigments, for
example encapsulation6 Requirements and test methods
The material shall have the characteristics given in the appropriate column of Table 1.
The liquid contained in paste pigment shall be agreed between the interested parties.
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Table 1 — Requirements and test methods
Requirement according to type
Characteristic Test method
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4
Non-volatile matter,
min. 99,0 min. 25,0 min. 99,0 min. 25,0 Clause 8
% mass fraction
Matter soluble in
9.1 (Type 1 and Type 2)
organic solvents,
max. 6,0 max. 4,0 max. 1,5 max. 6,0 and 9.2 (Type 3 and
b Type 4)
% mass fraction
Comparison of To match closely the appearance of paint prepared similarly
Clause 10
appearance from an agreed sample
Residue on sieve To be agree
...
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