CEN/TC 298 - Pigments and extenders

This document specifies sample preparation methods to determine the size distribution of separate particles of a single pigment or extender, which is dispersed in a liquid by application of a standardized dispersion procedure, using an ultrasonic device, shaker device or wet jet mill.
The sample preparation methods described are optimized for measurements carried out with a particle sizing technique based on sedimentation. This technique relies on particle migration due to gravitation or centrifugal forces and requires a density contrast between the particles and the liquid phase.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for zinc dust pigments suitable for use in protective coatings.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for products made from naturally occurring talc/chlorite in lamellar form.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for precipitated calcium silicate.

This document specifies a formalism for the calculation of the illuminant metamerism of solid surface colours. It cannot be applied to colours of effect coatings without metrical adaptation.
This document only covers the phenomenon of metamerism for change of illuminant, which has the greatest meaning in practical application. In the case where chromaticity coordinates of a pair of samples under reference conditions do not exactly match, this document gives guidance on which correction measures to take. Regarding the reproduction of colours, the metamerism index is used as a measure of quality in order to specify tolerances for colour differences between a colour sample and a colour match under different illumination conditions.
The quantification of the illuminant metamerism of pairs of samples is formally performed by a colour difference assessment, for which tolerances that are common for the evaluation of residual colour differences can be used.
NOTE       In the colorimetric literature and textbooks, the term geometric metamerism is sometimes used for the case where two colours appear to be the same under a specific geometry for visual assessment and selected standard observer and standard illuminant pair, but are perceived as two different colours at changed observation geometry. The term geometric metamerism is different to metamerism described in this document.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for products made from naturally occurring talc in lamellar form associated with carbonates.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for precipitated sodium aluminium silicate.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for cristobalite.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for calcined clay.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for dolomite.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding test methods for nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2) in either powder or suspension form for photocatalytic application.
This document is applicable to modified nanoscale titanium dioxide for photocatalytic application.
NOTE       Such modification can be surface treatment, coating, doping and combination thereof.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for flux-calcined kieselguhr.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for muscovite-type mica.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for aluminium pigments suitable for use in paints including:
a) general, decorative and protective paints, and
b) special finishing paints.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for natural crystalline calcium carbonate.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for baryte (natural barium sulfate).

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for vacuum metallized aluminium pigments (VMP) suitable for use in paints and printing ink industries.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for blanc fixe.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for whiting.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for silica sand (unground natural quartz).

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for aluminium hydroxides.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for natural quartz (ground).

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for natural clay.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for vitreous silica.

This document specifies the Saunderson correction for different measurement geometries and the solutions of the Kubelka-Munk equation for hiding and transparent layers. It also specifies methods for the calculations of the tinting strength including the residual colour difference based on different criteria such as the depth of shade. Finally, methods for determining the hiding power are provided.
The procedures for preparing the samples for these measurements are not part of this document. They are agreed between the contracting parties or are described in other national or international standards.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for precipitated calcium carbonate.

This document specifies different methods of calculating special indices, which are generally used to describe lightness respectively jetness of samples including chroma or hue within one colour-coordinate.
This document is applicable to tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates calculated using colour-matching functions of the standard colorimetric system of the CIE 1931 (2°) or CIE 1964 (10°). It is used for the specification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object where a one-dimensional value is required.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the silanol group content on the surface of fumed silica by reaction gas chromatographic method.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for artificial ultramarine pigments in plastics, paints, rubbers, etc.

This document specifies a general method of test for determining the mass fraction in percent of matter volatile at a temperature of 105 °C in a sample of pigment or extender.
This method is applicable to pigments and extenders that are stable at 105 °C.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for fumed silica.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for precipitated silica.

This document specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for three types of lithopone pigments.

This document specifies a method for determining the total content of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), checking for all 209 possible congeners in pigment materials.
This document is applicable to a working range from1 mg/kg to 150 mg/kg. The lower quantitation limit of this method is 1 mg/kg per congener. Results below 1 mg/kg are considered to be qualitative only.

This document specifies a method for experimental determination of the release of nanoscale pigments and extenders into the environment following a mechanical stress of paints, varnishes and pigmented plastics.
The method is used to evaluate if and how many particles of defined size and distribution under stress (type and height of applied energy) are released from surfaces and emitted into the environment.
The samples are aged, weathered or otherwise conditioned to simulate the whole lifecycle.

This document specifies a general method of test for determining the water-soluble nitrates in a sample of pigments by a spectrophotometric method using salicylic acid.
ISO 787-13 specifies a method for determining the water-soluble nitrates in a sample of pigments using Nessler`s method.

This document gives the definition for the term extender and specifies test methods that are required for most of the subsequent parts of ISO 3262.
NOTE    The subsequent parts of ISO 3262 specify requirements and the corresponding methods of test for extenders for use in paints, related coating materials and other applications.

This document specifies a general method of test for determining the water-soluble sulphates, chlorides and nitrates of pigments.

This document describes a general method of test for comparing the resistance to light of samples of similar types of coloured pigments (agreed reference pigment and test sample).
Two methods of exposure are described in this document. In method A, the material is exposed under glass to natural light. In method B, the material is exposed to direct artificial light.

ISO 18473-3:2018 specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for fumed silica in powder form for silicone rubber application. This document is applicable to untreated and surface treated fumed silica.

This document defines terms that are used in the field of pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.
For some terms, reference is made to ISO 4618 in which also terms and definitions for colourants are given, relating to their use in coating materials.

This document specifies a general method of test for comparing the lightening (reducing) power of a white pigment with the lightening power of an agreed sample of the same type.
Two procedures (A and B) are specified. Procedure A is quicker than procedure B and is suitable for testing one sample of pigment; procedure B is better for testing several samples, and especially if a pigment of unknown lightening power is being tested.

This document specifies a general method of test for determining the pH value of an aqueous suspension of a sample of pigment or extender.

This document specifies a general method of test for determining the electric resistivity (specific electric resistance) or the specific electric conductivity, respectively, of the aqueous extract of a pigment. The method is applicable to all pigments and extenders, except pigments that are soluble in water.
The resistivity of the aqueous extract of a pigment is considered as a property independent of the amount of water-soluble matter. If agreed, a cold extraction method can be used.

This document specifies a general test method for comparing the colour, in full-shade systems, of white, black or coloured pigments with that of an agreed reference pigment, using a colorimetric procedure.

ISO 18473-2:2015 specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for nanoscale titanium dioxide in powder form for sunscreen application. This part of ISO 18473 covers the surface modified, TiO2.

ISO 18473-1:2015 specifies requirements and corresponding methods of test for surface treated nanoscale calcium carbonate in powder form for sealant application.

ISO 18314-1:2015 specifies the method for determining the colour coordinates of a paint film. This method is only applicable to paint films that appear to be uniformly of one colour, i.e. monochromatic, when examined with normal vision. Paint films that do not completely hide a non-transparent substrate represent an opaque system and can be measured by using the procedure in this part of ISO 18314.
Luminescent paint films, transparent paint films, and translucent paint films (for example for display or lamp glass), retroreflecting paint films (for example for traffic signs), and metallic paint films are outside the scope of this part of ISO 18314.

ISO 23900-6:2015 specifies a method assessing the degree of dispersion of colorants  and/or extenders in a thermoplastic polymer. The method is suitable for testing colorants and/or extenders in the form of concentrates or compounds in all polymers used for extrusion processes.

ISO 23900-4:2015 specifies a method of determining the colouristic properties of a test pigment in polyethylene (PE) relative to a standard, and the ease of dispersion DHPE of pigments from the differences in tinting strength of dispersing colouring materials under various conditions. The method is appropriate for use with white pigments.