EN 15757:2010
(Main)Conservation of Cultural Property - Specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials
Conservation of Cultural Property - Specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials
This European Standard is a guide specifying temperature and relative humidity levels to limit climate-induced physical damage of hygroscopic, organic materials, kept in long-term storage or exhibition (more than one per year) in indoor environments of museums, galleries, storage areas, archives, libraries, churches and modern or historical buildings.
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Festlegungen für Temperatur und relative Luftfeuchte zur Begrenzung klimabedingter mechanischer Beschädigungen an organischen hygroskopischen Materialien
Diese Europäische Norm ist eine Leitlinie, die die Temperatur und die relative Luftfeuchte festlegt, um klimabedingte physikalische Beschädigungen von hygroskopischen, organischen Materialien zu begrenzen, die in Innenräumen von Museen, Galerien, Lagerbereichen, Archiven, Bibliotheken, Kirchen sowie modernen oder historischen Gebäuden einer Langzeitlagerung oder Ausstellungen (mehr als eine je Jahr) ausgesetzt sind.
Conservation des biens culturels - Spécifications applicables à la température et à l'humidité relative pour limiter les dommages mécaniques causés par le climat aux matériaux organiques hygroscopiques
La présente Norme européenne fournit des lignes directrices relatives aux niveaux de température et d’humidité relative visant à limiter les dommages physiques causés par le climat aux matériaux organiques hygroscopiques stockés pendant de longues périodes ou présentés lors d’une exposition (plus d’une par an) dans les milieux internes de musées, galeries, archives, bibliothèques, églises et bâtiments modernes ou historiques.
Ohranjanje kulturne dediščine - Specifikacije za temperaturo in relativno vlažnost za omejitev klimatsko pogojenih mehanskih poškodb organskih higroskopskih materialov
Ta evropski standard je vodilo, ki opredeljuje ravni temperatur in relativne vlažnosti za omejitev klimatsko pogojenih fizičnih poškodb organskih higroskopskih materialov, ki so v dolgoročnih skladiščih ali na razstavi (več kot eden na leto) v notranjih okoljih muzejev, galerij, skladiščnih prostorih, arhivih, knjižnicah, cerkvah in modernih ali zgodovinskih stavbah.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.VNRSVNLKPDWHULDORYErhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Festlegungen für Temperatur und relative Luftfeuchte zur Begrenzung klimabedingter mechanischer Beschädigungen an organischen hygroskopischen MaterialienConservation des biens culturels - Spécifications applicables à la température et à l'humidité relative pour limiter les dommages mécaniques causés par le climat aux matériaux organiques hygroscopiquesConservation of Cultural Property - Specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induces mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials97.195Umetniški in obrtniški izdelkiItems of art and handicrafts17.200.01Termodinamika na splošnoThermodynamics in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15757:2010SIST EN 15757:2010en,fr,de01-december-2010SIST EN 15757:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15757
September 2010 ICS 97.195 English Version
Conservation of Cultural Property - Specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials
Conservation des biens culturels - Spécifications applicables à la température et à l'humidité relative pour limiter les dommages mécaniques causés par le climat aux matériaux organiques hygroscopiques
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Festlegungen für Temperatur und relative Luftfeuchte zur Begrenzung klimabedingter mechanischer Beschädigungen an organischen hygroskopischen Materialien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 July 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15757:2010: ESIST EN 15757:2010
Determination of the RH targets . 10A.1 Rationale . 10A.2 Environmental monitoring – data set . 10A.3 Calculation of the target values . 10A.3.1 Average level . 10A.3.2 Seasonal cycle . 10A.3.3 Short-term fluctuations . 11A.4 Determination of the target range . 11A.5 Example . 11Bibliography . 14 SIST EN 15757:2010
Introduction This European Standard is a guide specifying temperature and relative humidity (RH) to preserve cultural property by limiting physical damage induced by strain-stress cycles in objects containing organic hygroscopic materials. This category of objects includes wooden items and structural elements such as floors, doors, panelling and roof timbers, paintings, books, graphic documents, textiles, objects made of bone, ivory or leather. Objects can consist of several hygroscopic materials and different kinds of materials can be used together. To a varying degree, they are vulnerable to changes and fluctuations in ambient RH that produce changes in equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in the materials as they adsorb and release moisture to adapt themselves to the continually changing environmental conditions. The variations in EMC produce dimensional changes of the materials which may lead to high levels of stress and physical damage such as fracture and deformation.
Objects containing organic hygroscopic materials need individually determined levels and ranges of temperature and RH as generally they have become acclimatised to the environments in which they have been exposed for significant periods of time. Over time, as temperature and RH fluctuations cause sufficient internal stress to create fractures, these fractures will open and close as expansion joints enabling a wider range of acceptable temperature and RH fluctuations. The material is said to have "acclimatised" as it now responds differently to atmospheric conditions, though this acclimatisation should not be given a positive connotation because it is due to internal fracturing and results in a form of damage. The associated loss of historical value, aesthetic value and also monetary depends on the size and location of the crack. The determination of the temperature and RH ranges, which are optimal for preservation, is not simple due to the variety and complexity of the materials the objects comprise. Temperature has a direct effect on preservation but also an indirect effect as it controls RH of the air. The changes and fluctuations in temperature and RH should be considered from a static point of view of allowable levels or ranges and from a dynamic point of view, i.e. rate of change, duration of cycles and frequency at which cycles are repeated should be taken into account.
Deterioration is often of a cumulative nature and may be exacerbated by the number and the intensity of the individual environmental hazards. Changes and fluctuations of temperature and RH cause non-recoverable physical changes in materials although this is not always perceptible to the human eye. Vulnerability to deterioration mechanisms may increase with ageing. The same temperature and RH fluctuations may generate different effects depending on the type of object and its age.
Given the extreme complexity of the response of materials found in cultural property to variations of temperature and RH, this standard proposes a methodology leading to general specifications to limit climate-induced physical damage of organic hygroscopic materials. Therefore the standard deals with a selected category of damage and does not cover other important deterioration processes affecting other materials influenced by microclimatic factors such as oxidation, acid hydrolysis, biodeterioration, corrosion reactions and dissolution of associated materials due to deliquescence, salt crystallisation among others. The proposed methodology is based on an analysis of a particular historical climate environment and a condition survey of the most vulnerable and/or valuable objects. The decision therefore is made on the harmlessness (or otherwise) of the existing climatic conditions. This approach usually allows for target temperatures and RH ranges that are more flexible than the single target values that are commonly accepted as ideal conditions for preservation of cultural property. This in turns allows a reduction in the environmental control needed to ensure good preservation of objects. Less and simpler equipment is required and investment, maintenance costs can be reduced. The control of temperature and RH can be further minimised by enhancing the passive control capacity of the building. High standards of preservation in historical buildings can be maintained through the use of affordable and efficient low energy solutions despite increase in the cost of energy. SIST EN 15757:2010
1 Scope This European Standard is a guide specifying temperature and relative humidity levels to limit climate-induced physical damage of hygroscopic, organic materials, kept in long-term storage or exhibition (more than one per year) in indoor environments of museums, galleries, storage areas, archives, libraries, churches and modern or historical buildings. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. prEN 15898:2010, Conservation of cultural property
Main general terms and definitions concerning conservation of cultural property 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 15898:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 active control use of devices able to force exchanges of heat, moisture or air, integrated with real-time processing sensors and controllers 3.2 air temperature
T temperature read on a thermometer which is exposed to air in a position sheltered from direct solar radiation or other energy sources NOTE If objects are exposed to direct radiation black globe or black strip thermometers should be used. For definition see also EN 15758. 3.3 equilibrium moisture content
EMC moisture content at which a hygroscopic material neither loses nor gains moisture from the surrounding atmosphere at given relative humidity and temperature levels 3.4 Heating, Ventilating or Air Conditioning Systems
HVAC active systems operated to control air temperature (heating), air temperature and humidity (air conditioning), or ventilation in a building
3.5 historical climate climatic conditions in a microenvironment where a cultural heritage object has always been kept, or has been kept for a long period of time (at least one year) and to which it has become acclimatized SIST EN 15757:2010
NOTE Typically refers to the microenvironment that interacts with the objects under consideration. 3.9 Relative Humidity
RH ratio of the actual water vapour pressure to the saturation vapour pressure 3.10 target level RH level that should be maintained to best ensure preservation NOTE Determined by the historical climate of a given environment that has been proved not to be harmful to the preservation of objects. Otherwise, it should be specified by a qualified conservation professional. 3.11 target range
range of RH fluctuations that should be
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