prEN 16630
(Main)Permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment - Safety requirements and test methods
Permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment - Safety requirements and test methods
This document specifies general safety requirements for the manufacture, installation, inspection and maintenance of permanently installed, freely accessible outdoor fitness equipment. This document does not cover electrically driven equipment, functional training facilities (typically with unrestrained weights) nor military style obstacle courses with restricted access.
The equipment is intended for youths and adults or users having an overall height greater than 1 400 mm to promote fitness by using the equipment to exercise. Equipment covered by this document is not playground equipment for children (EN 1176 series [1]), indoor stationary training equipment (EN ISO 20957 series [2], EN 957 6) or free access multi-sports equipment (EN 15312 [3]) even if it meets the requirements of each of these standards.
NOTE In this document “permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment” is simply called “fitness equipment”.
Standortgebundene Fitnessgeräte im Außenbereich - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Dieses Dokument legt allgemeine sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an die Herstellung, Installation, Inspektion und Wartung von standortgebundenen Fitnessgeräten in Außenbereichen, die frei zugänglich sind, fest. Dieses Dokument gilt weder für Geräte mit elektrischem Antrieb, Anlagen für funktionelles Training (üblicherweise mit frei beweglichen Gewichten) noch für Hindernisstrecken militärischer Art mit eingeschränktem Zugang.
Die Geräte sind für Jugendliche und Erwachsene oder Benutzer ab einer Körpergröße von mindestens 1 400 mm bestimmt, um die Fitness durch die Benutzung der Geräte zu fördern. Geräte nach diesem Dokument sind keine Spielplatzgeräte für Kinder (Normenreihe EN 1176 [1]), stationäre Trainingsgeräte im Innenbereich (Normenreihe EN ISO 20957 [2], EN 957 6) oder frei zugängliche Multisportgeräte (EN 15312 [3]), auch wenn sie den Anforderungen jeder dieser Normen entsprechen.
ANMERKUNG In diesem Dokument werden "standortgebundene Fitnessgeräte im Außenbereich" nur "Fitnessgeräte" genannt.
Modules d'entraînement physique de plein air - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai
Le présent document spécifie des exigences de sécurité générales relatives à la fabrication, à l’installation, au contrôle et à la maintenance des modules fixes d’entraînement physique (fitness) de plein air en accès libre. Le présent document ne couvre pas les équipements électriques, les modules d’exercice fonctionnel (généralement avec des poids libres), ni les parcours d’obstacles du type parcours du combattant en accès restreint.
Les modules d’entraînement physique sont destinés aux adolescents et aux adultes ou aux utilisateurs mesurant plus de 1 400 mm et visent à promouvoir l’activité physique par le biais d’exercices réalisés sur les modules. Le présent document ne couvre pas les équipements d’aires de jeux pour enfants (série EN 1176 [1]), les appareils d’entraînement fixes en intérieur (série EN ISO 20957 [2], EN 957 6) ni les équipements sportifs en accès libre (EN 15312 [3]), même si les équipements couverts par le présent document répondent aux exigences de chacune des normes précédemment citées.
NOTE Dans le présent document, « module fixe d’entraînement physique de plein air » est simplement appelé « module d’entraînement physique ».
Trajno nameščena zunanja fitnes oprema - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne metode
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Trajno nameščena zunanja fitnes oprema - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne
metode
Permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment - Safety requirements and test methods
Standortgebundene Fitnessgeräte im Außenbereich - Sicherheitstechnische
Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Modules d'entraînement physique de plein air - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes
d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16630
ICS:
97.220.40 Oprema za športe na Outdoor and water sports
prostem in vodne športe equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2025
ICS 97.220.40 Will supersede EN 16630:2015
English Version
Permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment - Safety
requirements and test methods
Modules d'entraînement physique de plein air - Standortgebundene Fitnessgeräte im Außenbereich -
Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und
Prüfverfahren
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 136.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16630:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Safety requirements . 10
4.1 General. 10
4.2 Materials . 10
4.2.1 General. 10
4.2.2 Flammability . 10
4.2.3 Electricity . 10
4.2.4 Timber and associated products . 11
4.2.5 Metals . 11
4.2.6 Rubbers and synthetics . 11
4.2.7 Dangerous substances. 11
4.3 Design and manufacture . 12
4.3.1 General. 12
4.3.2 Structural integrity . 13
4.3.3 Surface finish of accessible parts of equipment . 14
4.3.4 Tread surface . 15
4.3.5 Moving parts . 15
4.3.6 Entrapment . 17
4.3.7 Weights and resistance . 19
4.3.8 Adjustment and locking mechanisms . 19
4.3.9 Protection against falling . 19
4.3.10 Access and egress . 20
4.3.11 Connections . 20
4.3.12 Consumable components . 20
4.3.13 Grasp and grip . 20
4.3.14 Ropes, belts, chains . 20
4.3.15 Spaces and areas . 22
4.3.16 Foundations . 27
4.3.17 Deadlift exercise equipment . 28
5 Test methods . 29
5.1 General. 29
5.2 Test methods for entrapment . 29
5.2.1 General. 29
5.2.2 Test method for head and neck entrapment . 29
5.2.3 Test method for finger entrapment . 35
6 Test report . 37
7 Marking of equipment . 38
7.1 Fitness equipment instructions for use . 38
7.2 Identification of the equipment . 38
7.3 Ground level marking . 38
8 Information to be provided by the manufacturer and supplier . 38
8.1 General . 38
8.2 Installation . 38
8.3 Inspection and maintenance . 39
8.3.1 General . 39
8.3.2 Information for inspection . 39
8.3.3 Information for maintenance . 40
8.4 Information for use . 40
9 Fitness equipment facilities - Information for users . 40
Annex A (informative) Guidance on installation, inspection, maintenance and operation of fitness
equipment facilities . 42
Bibliography . 47
European foreword
This document (prEN 16630:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports,
playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16630:2015.
a) “Forced movement” was deleted in the text throughout the document;
b) Clause 3: New terms were added;
c) 4.3 “Design and manufacture”: Changes were made to the requirements in 4.3, especially:
— Figures 4, 5, 7, 8 were redrawn to be more clear
— 4.3.5 “Moving parts” was rewritten (clearance, moving elements, end stops)
— 4.3.6.2 “Entrapment of fingers” was clarified
— New Clause 4.3.9 was added including requirement for platforms higher than 2000 mm
— 4.3.14.4 “Chains” was modified to be consistent with requirements in EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023
— 4.3.15.2 and 4.3.15.5: Maximum allowed falling distance on an object was increased
— 4.3.15.5, Table 4: Distinction was made to “hanging” and “climbing” use
— 4.3.17 “Deadlift” was added; deadlift is conditionally allowed
d) Former Clauses 7, 8 and 9 were restructured;
e) New Annex A was added giving guidance for operators.
Introduction
Outdoor fitness equipment is suitable for people who enjoy movement and want to actively engage
themselves. The equipment is designed to promote physical activity across a wide range of abilities. Such
activities can include cardiovascular, strength, toning, balance, coordination and flexibility exercises.
When drafting this document, the difficulties have been recognized to address safety issues by age criteria
alone, because the ability to handle risks is based on the individual users’ level of skill. Also, age groups
other than the intended ones will almost certainly make use of the outdoor fitness equipment. Therefore,
it was decided to recommend the use of the fitness equipment for youths and adults or users with an
overall height greater than 1 400 mm and to specify safety requirements on this basis. This is necessary
in order to produce a clear differentiation from playground equipment in accordance with the EN 1176
series. However, relevant requirements of this series have been taken into account wherever it was useful
and possible.
The requirements in this document assume that all users of the fitness equipment are aware of the limits
of their physical capacity and are able to use the equipment unassisted. Provided that the equipment is
used as intended, i.e. in accordance with the exercise instructions attached to each individual piece of
equipment, it is assumed that single or multiple body parts are moved and are not incorrectly strained.
As long as there is human interaction with moving equipment there is a residual risk that cannot be
further mitigated in order to maintain the function. However, a slightly incorrect execution is considered
not to cause severe health consequences for the user. In the case of improper use, bruises, sprains and
occasional bone fractures caused (e.g. by falls) might have to be accepted.
In correspondence with the available opportunities, introductory courses can be offered at regular
intervals, in which trained experts explain the individual pieces of equipment, their handling and their
possible effects on the body and mind.
The design of outdoor fitness equipment is subject to constant development. Therefore, the design of
particular types of equipment might not be specified in this document, however the general requirements
of this document apply to all equipment.
Outdoor fitness equipment can contribute to social sustainability for healthier cities and communities
according to Goal 11 ”Sustainable cities and communities” and Goal 3 “Good health and wellbeing” in
order to achieve Sustainable Development Goals, Agenda 2030. The principle of this work is recognized
and supported as outdoor fitness areas are places where people meet and connect together for a stronger
community.
1 Scope
This document specifies general safety requirements for the manufacture, installation, inspection and
maintenance of permanently installed, freely accessible outdoor fitness equipment. This document does
not cover electrically driven equipment, functional training facilities (typically with unrestrained
weights) nor military style obstacle courses with restricted access.
The equipment is intended for youths and adults or users having an overall height greater than 1 400 mm
to promote fitness by using the equipment to exercise. Equipment covered by this document is not
playground equipment for children (EN 1176 series [1]), indoor stationary training equipment
(EN ISO 20957 series [2], EN 957-6) or free access multi-sports equipment (EN 15312 [3]) even if it
meets the requirements of each of these standards.
NOTE In this document “permanently installed outdoor fitness equipment” is simply called “fitness
equipment”.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 335:2013, Durability of wood and wood-based products. Use classes: definitions, application to solid
wood and wood-based products
EN 350:2016, Durability of wood and wood-based products. Testing and classification of the durability to
biological agents of wood and wood-based materials
EN 351-1:2023, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Preservative-treated solid wood — Part 1:
Classification of preservative penetration and retention
EN 636:2012+A1:2015, Plywood — Specifications
EN 818-2:1996+A1:2008, Short link chain for lifting purposes. Safety. Part 2: Medium tolerance chain for
chain slings. Grade 8
EN 818-3:1999+A1:2008, Short link chain for lifting purposes. Safety. Part 3: Medium tolerance chain for
chain slings. Grade 4
EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023, Playground equipment and surfacing — Part 1: General safety requirements
and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://electropedia.org/
3.1
fitness equipment
permanently installed, freely accessible equipment upon or with which the intended users, unsupervised
and without outside help, can operate with the aim of maintaining or improving their physical and mental
abilities
Note 1 to entry: Some examples of this type of equipment can be referred to as outdoor gym equipment, street
workout, calisthenics equipment or fitness trails.
3.2
user station
location of a piece of fitness equipment which the user can occupy while standing, sitting, lying or hanging
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.3
movement space
space around the fitness equipment necessary for safe use
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.4
area of movement
base area of movement space
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.5
training space
space in, above or around the fitness equipment which the users of the equipment need to perform their
exercises
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Key
1 movement space
2 training space
3 user station
4 overlapping training space (4.3.15.2)
5 area of movement
Figure 1 — Spaces and area
3.6
damping
combined effect of the supporting component(s) that moderates the speed at which the equipment can
move and the reduction of shock effects at the outer positions of the equipment
[SOURCE: EN 1176-6:2017+AC:2019, 3.11]
3.7
free height of fall
greatest vertical distance between the user station and the horizontal surface lying directly underneath
3.8
grasp
holding of the hand round part of the circumference of a support
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Figure 2 — Grasp
[SOURCE: EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023, 3.17]
3.9
grip
holding of the hand round the entire circumference of a support
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
[SOURCE: EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023, 3.16]
Figure 3 — Grip
3.10
body support
surface of the user station where the user stands, sits, lies or hangs
3.11
tread surface
area accommodating one foot or both feet and moved by or with the user
3.12
constrained posture
physiologically unfavourable posture from which the users cannot free themselves without either outside
help or without extreme difficultly or painful discomfort
Note 1 to entry: Examples are the squat (joints involved: ankle joint, knee joint, hip joint) and the push-up (joints
involved: wrist joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint).
Note 2 to entry: Most movements in everyday life and sports are multi-joint and require the use of the entire body.
In strength training on equipment, there are only a limited number of multi-joint exercises (leg press, chest press,
lat pulldown, rowing, shoulder press). Most equipment are single-joint (e.g. leg extension, abduction equipment,
biceps curl).
3.13
competent person
person suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience to carry out the required task
Note 1 to entry: Levels of knowledge to be competent for different tasks are given in e.g. CEN/TR 17207:2018 [4],
5.1, accredited person certification schemes and national specifications.
Note 2 to entry: A competent person might be the operator, inspector, employee of the manufacturer or else.
3.14
barrier
device discouraging climbing and intended to prevent the user from falling and from passing beneath
3.15
platform
raised surface large enough for one or more users to walk without the need of hand support
4 Safety requirements
4.1 General
Typically, fitness equipment is not intended for installation in the immediate vicinity of children’s
playgrounds in accordance with the EN 1176 series. If installed in connection with playground
equipment, on playgrounds or similar installations, they should be separated from general playing
activities by an appropriate distance, fencing or other structural measures.
NOTE More information about positioning and separation of areas can be found in CEN/TR 16879 [5].
4.2 Materials
4.2.1 General
Materials shall be selected and treated in such a way that the stability of the equipment manufactured
from them is not affected before the next operational inspection and routine maintenance.
Materials should be manufactured in a professional manner.
NOTE The conditions relating to certain materials in this document do not imply that other equivalent
materials are unsuitable in the manufacture of fitness equipment.
The selection of materials and their use shall be in accordance with the appropriate European Standards.
Special attention shall be given to surface coatings to avoid the risk of toxicity.
In the choice of a material or substance for fitness equipment, consideration shall be given to the eventual
disposal of the material or substance in regard to any possible environmental toxic risks.
4.2.2 Flammability
To prevent fire and similar dangers, materials known to produce surface flash shall not be used.
4.2.3 Electricity
Electric parts are covered by IEC standards, national legislation and CE marking. When these are
followed, the equipment can be tested as if not having electric components.
NOTE Electric parts are parts which are not driving the equipment.
4.2.4 Timber and associated products
Components from timber or timber products shall be designed in such a way that precipitation can drain
or drip off freely and water accumulation is avoided.
In cases of ground contact, one or more of the following methods shall be used:
a) use of timber species with sufficient natural resistance in accordance with classes 1 and 2 of the
natural durability classification given in EN 350:2016, 5.2;
b) construction methods, e.g. post shoe;
c) use of timber treated with wood preservatives in accordance with EN 351-1:2023, Figure A.1, and in
accordance with Class 4 given in EN 335:2013, 4.5.
All components made of timber and associated products, other than those conforming to a), that affect
the stability of the structure and are in constant contact with the ground shall be treated in accordance
with c).
When using metal fastenings, consideration should be given to the fact that if certain species of timber
and wood preservatives are in contact with each other, they will accelerate corrosion of the metal parts.
Plywood shall be suitable for outdoor use in accordance with EN 636:2012+A1:2015.
It is recommended to purchase only from sustainable sources. It is also recommended to avoid wood
subject to deforestation. Suppliers with known problems regarding violations of human rights, use of
child labour or poor labour conditions should be avoided.
4.2.5 Metals
Metal parts shall be protected against atmospheric conditions and corrosion.
Metals that produce toxic oxide coatings that scale or flake shall be protected by a non-toxic coating.
4.2.6 Rubbers and synthetics
If, by maintenance, it is difficult to determine at what point a material becomes brittle, an indication of
the time period after which the part or the equipment should be replaced shall be provided (see 8.3.3).
All structural synthetic components shall be suitably protected to reduce influences of ultraviolet
radiation and oxygen.
If rubber is used in structural components, deterioration due to ozone should be taken into consideration
— either by using considerable material thicknesses,
— or by leaving rubber parts visible for inspection.
Consideration should be given to weathering of structural components through ultraviolet influences.
4.2.7 Dangerous substances
Dangerous substances shall not be used in the manufacture of fitness equipment in such a way that they
can cause adverse health effects to the user of the equipment.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the national regulations of individual countries including:
− REACH Regulation 1907/2006/EC and its successive modifications. Restricted materials include, but are not
limited to, asbestos, lead, formaldehyde, coal tar oils, carbolineums, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH compounds) [9].
− RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU covering electronic devices to minimize the impact of hazardous substances to
human health and environment [10].
− VOC Directive 1999/13/EU covering paints, coatings and coverings to reduce the emissions of volatile organic
compounds [11].
− POP regulation 2019/1021/EU covering materials and manufacturing process to limit the use of persistent
organic pollutants, such as pesticides (such as DDT), industrial chemicals (such as polychlorinated biphenyls, which
were widely used in electrical equipment) or unintentional by-products formed during industrial processes,
degradation or combustion (such as dioxins and furans) [12].
4.3 Design and manufacture
4.3.1 General
Fitness equipment shall be designed or set-up/assembled so that the intended use is/are easily identified
by the user.
It shall be considered during the planning and design of fitness equipment that such equipment should
also be accessible for people with limited capabilities and should be useable in accordance with these
capabilities.
Fitness equipment shall be designed so that marginally incorrect executions of exercises do not lead to
serious damage for the user. Special attention shall be drawn to equipment with the function of
deadlifting (Figure 4).
Figure 4 — Deadlift
Fitness equipment shall be designed so that it is in a safe position to allow the next user to gain access
and does not move unexpectedly whilst the user is gaining access or dismounting.
The equipment shall be designed so that the user cannot attain a constrained posture. Equipment
specifically intended for the function of neck press (see Figure 5) shall be prohibited.
NOTE The aim of this requirement is to avoid excessive twisting of shoulder joints.
Figure 5 — Neck press
4.3.2 Structural integrity
Fitness equipment shall be permanently connected to the substrate on which it stands.
For fitness equipment, the structural integrity shall be proved for the worst case of the intended
combinations. Structural integrity, including stability, of the equipment shall be evaluated by one of the
following methods:
a) calculation on the basis of the applicable specifications in EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023, Annex A and
Annex B, except for Table A.1; Table 1 of this document should be used instead;
b) physical testing, in accordance with EN 1176-1:2017+A1:2023, Annex C (using weights in
accordance with Table 1 in this document);
c) combination of a) and b).
Table 1 — Calculation of loads caused by the users
Number of Mass of n Dynamic Total vertical load of Vertical load per
users users factor users user
n
C F F
G
dyn tot;v 1;v
n
kg N N
1 99 2 1 942 1 942
2 185 1,5 2 722 1 361
Number of Mass of n Dynamic Total vertical load of Vertical load per
users users factor users user
n C F F
G
dyn tot;v 1;v
n
kg N N
3 270 1,33 3 523 1 174
4 353 1,25 4 329 1 082
5 436 1,20 5 133 1 027
NOTE Values are rounded.
The loads resulting from users of fitness equipment shall be based on the following formulae:
(1)
G=nm×+ 1,64×σ n
n
1+ n
C = (2)
dyn
n
where
is the total mass of n user (kg);
G
n
n is the numbers of users;
m is the mean mass of the user;
σ is the standard deviation of the σ user.
NOTE For free accessible fitness equipment the following values can be used:
m = 78 kg (This value is based on data from age 18 to 65 of adult men 50 percentile)
σ = 12,6 kg
4.3.3 Surface finish of accessible parts of equipment
There shall be no protruding nails, protruding wire rope terminations, pointed or sharp-edged
components.
Wooden equipment shall be made of wood with a low susceptibility to splintering. The surface finish of
equipment made of other materials (e.g. glass fibre) shall be non-splintering.
Rough surfaces shall not present any risk of injury. All weld seams shall be smooth. Protruding bolt
threads shall be permanently covered on all accessible parts of equipment (e.g. with dome headed nuts).
Nuts and bolt heads that protrude less than 8 mm are permissible on inaccessible parts (see Figure 6 a)),
provided that they are free from burrs.
Corners, edges and protruding parts within the space occupied by the user that protrude more than
8 mm, and which are not shielded by adjacent areas that are not more than 25 mm away from the end of
the protruding part, shall be rounded off. The minimum radius of the curve shall be 3 mm (see
Figure 6 b)).
NOTE This requirement is intended only to prevent injuries caused by unintended contact with components.
Corners, edges and protruding parts with a radius less than 3 mm may be in other accessible parts of the
equipment only if they are not sharp.
Figure 6 shows examples of protection for nuts and bolts and of permissible protruding parts.
Dimensions in millimetres
a)
b)
Figure 6 — Examples of protection and permissible protruding parts
4.3.4 Tread surface
If the equipment is provided with a tread surface, this shall be equipped with a slip-resistant finish. Tread
surfaces shall be designed so that liquid can drain off.
When user’s whole body weight is on feet, a tread surface with a minimum width of 100 mm and
minimum length of 300 mm shall be available per foot.
Additionally, the tread surface shall provide at least a three-sided safeguard including the front that is a
minimum of 10 mm high and extends over a length of 75 % of the tread perimeter. This requirement is
not applicable to rotary discs with a diameter of at least 320 mm.
4.3.5 Moving parts
4.3.5.1 General
There shall be no crushing or shearing points for the user between moving and/or stationary parts of the
equipment during use. Pulleys and similar parts shall be protected against body parts becoming
entrapped.
4.3.5.2 Clearances
The distance from moving parts to adjacent moving or fixed parts shall be either < 8 mm or ≥ 25 mm, if
only the fingers are at risk. Otherwise, it shall be either < 8 mm or ≥ 60 mm (see Figure 7).
The distance between the bottom end of a moving part and the ground shall be at least 60 mm.
If the vertically moving parts are found outside of the user’s field of vision, then the ground clearance
shall be at least 110 mm.
NOTE More information about the field of vision can be found in EN ISO 20957-2:2021 [13], Figure 7 and 8.
4.3.5.3 Moving elements
Any trailing of pedalling equipment shall be reduced by technical means, e.g. braking, free wheel.
For hand rotary discs with openings or protruding hand holds, trailing shall be reduced by technical
means.
For rotating user stations (e.g. rotary discs and rotating seats), a guideline of user direction and marking
of the original position shall be conspicuous.
Rotating user stations shall not exceed a maximum deflection of 180° to the left and right from the body
centre line respectively, during use while standing or sitting. Movement damping shall be provided.
The movement of rigid swinging arms that support the user shall be limited to 55° from the vertical (see
Figure 7).
4.3.5.4 End stops
End stops, both open and enclosed, shall be dampened.
NOTE Closed end stops are the preferred solution, but both are allowed.
Open end stops shall be clearly marked as hazards (e.g. with contrasting colours). Open end stops shall
have a flat surface with a minimum diameter of 35 mm (see Figure 7). Open end stops in the head, hand
or foot areas that are open during the exercise shall not be permissible. Open end stops close to ground
level may require additional measures to protect feet.
Key
A Angle of swinging movement
B Clearance
C Open end stop
Figure 7 — Example of swinging movement with clearance and open end stop
4.3.6 Entrapment
4.3.6.1 Entrapment of the head and neck
Entrapment of the head and neck is not considered hazardous, if the lowest part of an accessible opening
lies less than 600 mm above the ground surface.
Accessible, completely bound openings shall be tested in accordance with 5.2.2.1 if the lowest part of an
accessible opening lies more than 600 mm above the ground. Probes E or C shall thereby not fit through
any of these openings, unless the large probe D fits through as well (see Figure 13).
Partially bound and V-shaped openings shall be designed so that the opening is either not accessible or,
if the opening is accessible at a position of 600 mm above the ground surface, it shall correspond to the
following, depending on the angular orientation range (see Figure 16):
— Range 1: (template centre line ± 45° from vertical); when the template apex contacts the base of the
opening, the depth of the opening shall be less than the length of the template to the under-side of
the shoulder section.
— Range 2: (template centre line from horizontal to + 45°); when the template apex contacts the base
of the opening, the depth of the opening shall be less than the ‘A’ portion of the template. If the depth
of the opening is greater than the ‘A’ portion of the template, all parts of the opening above the
‘A’ portion shall also allow insertion of the shoulder section of the template or probe D.
— Range 3: No template test requirements.
Test in accordance with 5.2.2.2.
4.3.6.2 Entrapment of fingers
Fitness equipment shall be designed so that dangerous situations, including:
— gaps in which fingers can be trapped while the remainder of the body is moving;
— pipes with open ends; and
— variable gaps,
in which this type of entrapment can be encountered, are not created.
The test process 5.2.3 for finger entrapment shall be conducted within the training space or where
climbing is encouraged and there is a potential fall to the surface below. Openings and holes which have
a lower edge of more than 1 000 mm above the ground surface shall conform to the following
requirements when tested in accordance with 5.2.3:
a) the 8 mm finger probe shall not fit through the minimum cross-section of the opening and the profile
of the opening shall be such that the finger probe cannot be locked in any position when set in motion
as shown in Figure 21;
b) if the 8 mm finger probe fits through the opening, the 25 mm finger rod (see Figure 20) shall also fit
through the opening, provided that the opening does not permit access to another finger entrapment
site.
The ends of pipes shall be closed off. Closures shall not be removable without tools.
4.3.6.3 Entrapment of the foot or leg
Surfaces intended for running and walking (both elevated and on the ground level) should not contain
any gaps, openings or protruding parts which may cause unexpected foot or leg entrapment. Gaps in the
main direction of travel shall not be wider than 30 mm (see Figure 8). Other gaps across the direction of
travel are allowed to be wider than 30 mm.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
a This gap is across the direction of travel and not in line with the direction of travel, therefore the ≤ 30 mm is
not applied as no foot twist is likely.
Figure 8 — Measurement of gaps limited to 30 mm
4.3.7 Weights and resistance
If resistance or weight is adjustable by the user, these settings shall be clearly conspicuous. Alternatively,
weights and resistances shall be automatically adjusted so that the equipment is ready for use for the
following user.
Adjustable weights and resistance shall not move independently during training.
Weights which are not fixed to the equipment or do not form an integral part of the equipment are not
permitted.
4.3.8 Adjustment and locking mechanisms
Adjustment facilities on the fitness equipment shall be safe to use, easily recognizable and accessible to
the user. The possibility of inadvertent alteration shall be eliminated.
The proper function of any locking mechanisms shall be easily recognizable.
4.3.9 Protection against falling
Any platform intended for standing up to 2 m falling height requires no protection against falling.
Platforms, tread of stairs and surfaces of ramps that have free height of fall greater than 2 m shall be
equipped with a barrier which shall be at least 1 100 mm high from the standing surface, except for the
entrance and exit points.
4.3.10 Access and egress
Access to or egress from equipment shall take place from a safe position (e.g. standing upright, sitting
upright).
For unstable or moveable standing or sitting surfaces, holding devices (grip or grasp) shall be useable for
access and egress.
4.3.11 Connections
Connections shall be secured so that they cannot come loose of their own accord, unless specifically
designed to do so.
Connections shall be secured so that they cannot be undone without tools.
4.3.12 Consumable components
Consumable components or parts designed to be renewed during the lifespan of the equipment, e.g.
bearings, shall be replaceable.
Replaceable components should be protected against unauthorized tampering and should require little
maintenance. Any lubricants leaking out should not affect the safe use of the equipment.
4.3.13 Grasp and grip
4.3.13.1 Grasp requirements
The cross section of any element designed to be grasped (see Figure 2) is permitted to have a width not
exceeding 80 mm.
4.3.13.2 Grip requirements
The cross section of any element designed to be gripped (see Figure 3) shall have a dimension of not less
than 16 mm and not more than 55 mm in any direction, when measured across its centre line.
4.3.14 Ropes, belts, chains
4.3.14.1 General
Wire ropes shall be free of twists and shall be made of galvanized or corrosion-resistant wire.
The ends of the turnbuckles shall be closed (see Figure 9) and shall be made of corrosion-resistant
material.
Key
1 ferrule
2 turnbuckle
3 wire rope grips
Figure 9 — Example of ferrules, turnbuckles and wire rope grips
When sheathed wire ropes are used, each strand shall be sheathed with yarn made of synthetic or natural
fibres.
4.3.14.2 Ropes fixed at one end
For suspended ropes longer than 1 m, the distance between ropes fixed at one end and fixed equipment
shall be not less than 600 mm. The distance between ropes fixed at one end and swinging elements shall
be not less than 900 mm.
The rope diameter shall be between 25 mm and 55 mm.
NOTE 1 To handle the risk of strangulation, a stiffer rope will make it more difficult to create a loop. This can be
achieved either by having a larger diameter within the range that still allows for a good grip or by construction of
the rope.
Ropes used as battle ropes may have bigger diameters.
NOTE 2 Battle ropes are thick, heavy ropes that are used when doing exercises to increase strength. The ropes
are constantly being moved up and down. Also known as power training ropes or training ropes.
4.3.14.3 Ropes fixed at both ends
If a rope fixed at both ends, typically for climbing up, allows making a loop, it shall fulfil requirements for
head entrapment in accordance with 4.3.6.1.
NOTE This requirement is intended to eliminate the danger of strangulation.
When a rope fixed at both ends is used in conjunction with another element, care shall be taken not to
create entrapment situations, see 4.3.6.1.
4.3.14.4 Chains
Chains for the equipment shall conform to the dimensional requirements in EN 818-2:1996+A1:2008,
Table 2 or EN 818-3:1999+A1:2008, Table 2 as a minimum. Openings in chain links shall not allow
+00,
insertion of ⌀ 8,6 mm mm rod, except for connections which may also allow insertion of ⌀ 12 mm
−0,1
+00,
mm rod.
−0,1
NOTE When “8-mm-short-link-chains” wear, the openings can increase. If the opening on a worn chain is
greater than 8,6 mm, a risk assessment can be carried out to confirm whether replacement is necessary.
4.3.15 Spaces and areas
4.3.15.1 Minimum spaces
Each piece of fitness equipment requires a minimum space. It shall consist of the following:
a) space occupied by the equipment;
b) training space;
c) movement space.
4.3.15.2 Training space
The training space (see 3.5) shall offer the user sufficient space so that the fitness equipment can be used
for the intend
...
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