FprCEN ISO/TS 23359

Nanotechnologies - Chemical characterization of graphene-related two-dimensional materials from powders and liquid dispersions (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)

The document describes methods for characterising the chemical properties of powders or liquid dispersions containing graphene-related two-dimensional materials, using a set of suitable measurement techniques. The techniques detailed are X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These determine the carbon-to-oxygen ratio, elemental composition, trace metal impurities, weight percentage of chemical species and the functional groups present. The sample preparation, protocols and data analysis for the different techniques are included.

Nanotechnologien - Chemische Charakterisierung von Graphen in Pulvern und Suspensionen (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)

Dieses Dokument legt Verfahren für die Bestimmung der chemischen Eigenschaften von Pulvern oder flüssigen Dispersionen, die mit Graphen verwandte zweidimensionale Materialien (GR2M) enthalten, unter Zuhilfenahme einer Reihe von geeigneten Messtechniken fest.
Dieses Dokument behandelt die Bestimmung der Elementzusammensetzung, des Sauerstoff-Kohlenstoff-Verhältnisses, von Spurenmetallverunreinigungen, des prozentualen Massenanteils von chemischen Spezies und der vorhandenen funktionellen Gruppen unter Zuhilfenahme der folgenden Techniken:
   Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie (XPS);
   thermogravimetrische Analyse (TGA);
   Massenspektrometrie mit induktiv gekoppeltem Plasma (ICP-MS);
   Fourier-Transformations-Infrarotspektroskopie (FTIR).
Dieses Dokument deckt die Probenvorbereitung, Protokolle und Datenauswertungen für die verschiedenen Techniken ab.

Nanotechnologies - Caractérisation chimique des matériaux bidimensionnels similaires au graphène dans les poudres et les suspensions liquides (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)

Nanotehnologije - Kemijska karakterizacija dvodimenzionalnih materialov, podobnih grafenu, v prahu in tekoči suspenziji (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 21-Oct-2025
• ICS: 07.120 - Nanotechnologies
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 352 - Nanotechnologies
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 352 - Nanotechnologies
• Current Stage: 5020 - Submission to Vote - Formal Approval
• Start Date: 01-May-2025
• Due Date: 20-Jan-2024
• Completion Date: 01-May-2025
• Ref Project: kSIST-TS FprCEN ISO/TS 23359:2025 - Nanotechnologies - Chemical characterization of graphene-related two-dimensional materials from powders and liquid dispersions (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2025
Nanotehnologije - Kemijska karakterizacija dvodimenzionalnih materialov,
podobnih grafenu, v prahu in tekoči suspenziji (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)
Nanotechnologies - Chemical characterization of graphene-related two-dimensional
materials from powders and liquid dispersions (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)
Nanotechnologien - Chemische Charakterisierung von Graphen in Pulvern und
Suspensionen (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)
Nanotechnologies - Caractérisation chimique des matériaux bidimensionnels similaires
au graphène dans les poudres et les suspensions liquides (ISO/DTS 23359:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN ISO/TS 23359
ICS:
07.120 Nanotehnologije Nanotechnologies
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

FINAL DRAFT
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 23359
ISO/TC 229
Nanotechnologies — Chemical
Secretariat: BSI
characterization of graphene-
Voting begins on:
related two-dimensional materials
2025-04-29
from powders and liquid
Voting terminates on:
dispersions
2025-07-22
Nanotechnologies — Caractérisation chimique des matériaux
bidimensionnels similaires au graphène dans les poudres et les
suspensions liquides
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
This draft is submitted to a parallel vote in ISO and in IEC.
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/DTS 23359:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/DTS 23359:2025(en)
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 23359
ISO/TC 229
Nanotechnologies — Chemical
Secretariat: BSI
characterization of graphene-
Voting begins on:
related two-dimensional materials
from powders and liquid
Voting terminates on:
dispersions
Nanotechnologies — Caractérisation chimique des matériaux
bidimensionnels similaires au graphène dans les poudres et les
suspensions liquides
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
This draft is submitted to a parallel vote in ISO and in IEC.
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DTS 23359:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/DTS 23359:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Approaches to chemical characterization . 5
6 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) . 8
6.1 Introduction .8
6.2 Instrument preparation .8
6.3 Sample preparation .8
6.4 Method .9
6.5 Quantitative analysis . 12
7 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) .13
7.1 Introduction . 13
7.2 Sample preparation .14
7.2.1 General .14
7.2.2 Instrument conditions and preparation . .14
7.2.3 Preparation of crucible . 15
7.2.4 Measurement procedure . 15
7.3 Data processing and quantitative analysis .16
7.3.1 Data plotting .16
7.3.2 Determination of the number of mass change steps .16
7.3.3 Determination of the temperature of maximum mass change rate (T ) .16
max
7.3.4 Identification of the GR2M present .16
7.3.5 Determine mass percentage .17
8 Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) . 19
9 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 19
10 Reporting . 19
10.1 Introduction .19
10.2 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) . 20
10.3 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 20
10.4 Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) . 20
10.5 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) . 20
Annex A (informative) Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) .21
Annex B (informative) Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) .26
Annex C (informative) Summary of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) interlaboratory
studies .29
Annex D (informative) Summary of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) interlaboratory study .34
Annex E (informative) Summary of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
interlaboratory study . 41
Annex F (informative) Summary of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) mini-
interlaboratory study .44
Bibliography . 47

iii
ISO/DTS 23359:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
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This document was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, and Technical
Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems, in collaboration with the
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 352, Nanotechnologies, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
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