Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar flexible heating appliances

IEC 60335-2-17:2012 deals with the safety of electric blankets, pads, clothing and other flexible appliances that heat the bed or human body, for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V. This standard also applies to control units supplied with the appliance. Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used in beauty parlours or by persons in cold ambient temperatures, are within the scope of this standard. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account persons (including children) whose physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction or children playing with the appliance. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002 including its Amendment 1 (2006) and its Amendment 2 (2008). It constitutes a technical revision. The principal changes in this edition as compared with the second edition are as follows (minor changes are not listed):
- The definition of PTC heating element has been deleted and the definition in Part 1 now applies. A definition of a heating element with PTC characteristics has been introduced instead (3.117). This has resulted in editorial changes to 5.7, 5.8.2, 7.1, 10.101, 11.2, 21.105, 21.111.1 and 21.112.
- The allowance for class I appliances has been deleted and requirements for appliances incorporating a functional earth have been incorporated (6.1, 7.1, 22.115).
- The working voltage of parts of class III construction is limited to 24 V (22.26).
- Some notes have been deleted or converted to normative text (3.107, 3.111, 3.113, 5.2, 5.3, 5.8.2, 11.8, 11.101, 11.102, 15.1, 15.101, 19.1, 19.13, 19.102, 19.103, 19.105, 19.106, 19.108, 19.109, 19.110, 19.111, 19.112, 21.1, 21.102, 21.103, 21.109, 21.110.3, 21.111.1, 21.111.2, 21.111.3, 21.112, 22.103, 22.114, 25.23, Annex AA, Annex CC 3.1.9, 19.201, 19.203).
- Modification of the marking requirements (7.1, 7.14, 7.15).
- Modification of the instructions (7.12).
- Clarification of the heat stroke test (11.101).
- The figure numbers have been updated to take into account deletion of Figure 103 in the previous edition.
The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication in which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or revised tests. It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally not earlier than 12 months or later than 36 months from the date of publication. Keywords: electric blanket: pad: heating element
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60335-1:2010.

Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues - Sécurité - Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements et appareils chauffants souples analogues

La CEI 60335-2-17:2012 traite de la sécurité des couvertures, coussins, vêtements et autres appareils électriques souples, destinés à chauffer un lit ou le corps humain, pour usages domestiques et analogues et dont la tension assignée n'est pas supérieure à 250 V. Cette norme s'applique également aux unités de commande fournies avec l'appareil. Les appareils non destinés à un usage domestique normal mais qui peuvent néanmoins constituer une source de danger pour le public, tels que les appareils destinés à être utilisés dans les instituts de beauté ou par des personnes à des températures ambiantes froides, sont compris dans le domaine d'application de la présente norme. Dans la mesure du possible, la présente norme traite des risques ordinaires présentés par les appareils, encourus par tous les individus à l'intérieur et autour de l'habitation. Cependant, cette norme ne tient pas compte en general, des personnes (y compris des enfants) dont les capacités physiques, sensorielles ou mentales; ou le manque d'expérience et de connaissance les empêchent d'utiliser l'appareil en toute sécurité sans surveillance ou instruction; de l'utilisation de l'appareil comme jouet par des enfants. Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition publiée en 2002, y compris son Amendement 1 (2006) et son Amendement 2 (2008). Elle constitue une révision technique. Les principales modifications apportées à cette édition par rapport à la deuxième édition sont les suivantes (les modifications mineures ne sont pas répertoriées):
- La définition de l'élément chauffant CTP a été supprimée et la définition figurant dans la Partie 1 s'applique désormais. La définition d'un élément chauffant à caractéristiques CTP a été introduite en remplacement (3.117), ce qui a engendré des modifications en 5.7, 5.8.2, 7.1, 10.101, 11.2, 21.105, 21.111.1 et 21.112.
- La tolérance applicable aux appareils de classe I a été supprimée et des exigences relatives aux appareils comportant une mise à la terre fonctionnelle ont été intégrées (6.1, 7.1, 22.115).
- La tension locale des parties de construction de la classe III est limitée à 24 V (22.26).
- Certaines notes ont été supprimées ou converties en texte normatif (3.107, 3.111, 3.113, 5.2, 5.3, 5.8.2, 11.8, 11.101, 11.102, 15.1, 15.101, 19.1, 19.13, 19.102, 19.103, 19.105, 19.106, 19.108, 19.109, 19.110, 19.111, 19.112, 21.1, 21.102, 21.103, 21.109, 21.110.3, 21.111.1, 21.111.2, 21.111.3, 21.112, 22.103, 22.114, 25.23, Annexe AA, Annexe CC 3.1.9, 19.201, 19.203).
- Modification des exigences de marquage (7.1, 7.14, 7.15).
- Modification des instructions (7.12).
- Clarification de l'essai de coup de chaleur (11.101).
- Les numéros des figures ont été mis à jour afin de prendre en compte la suppression de la Figure 103 dans l'édition précédente.
L'attention des Comités Nationaux est attirée sur le fait que les fabricants d'appareils et les organismes d'essai peuvent avoir besoin d'une période transitoire après la publication d'une nouvelle publication CEI, ou d'une publication amendée ou révisée, pour fabriquer des produits conformes aux nouvelles exigences et pour adapter leurs équipements aux nouveaux essais ou aux essais révisés. Le comité recommande que le contenu de la présente publication soit entériné au niveau national au plus tôt 12 mois et au plus tard 36 mois après la date de publication. Mots clé: couvertures électriques: cousins: élément chauffant
Cette publication doit être lue conjointement avec la CEI 60335-1:2010.

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Status
Published
Publication Date
21-Mar-2019
Current Stage
DELPUB - Deleted Publication
Start Date
30-Nov-2021
Completion Date
12-Oct-2022
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IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.0 2012-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar
flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements
et appareils chauffants souples analogues

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

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IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.0 2012-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –

Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar

flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –

Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements

et appareils chauffants souples analogues

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XA
CODE PRIX
ICS 13.120; 97.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-0040-7

– 2 – 60335-2-17 © IEC:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 General requirement . 11
5 General conditions for the tests . 11
6 Classification . 13
7 Marking and instructions . 13
8 Protection against access to live parts . 16
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 16
10 Power input and current . 16
11 Heating . 16
12 Void. 18
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 18
14 Transient overvoltages . 19
15 Moisture resistance . 19
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 20
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 21
18 Endurance . 21
19 Abnormal operation . 21
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 25
21 Mechanical strength . 25
22 Construction . 32
23 Internal wiring . 34
24 Components . 34
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 35
26 Terminals for external conductors . 36
27 Provision for earthing . 36
28 Screws and connections . 36
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 36
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 36
31 Resistance to rusting . 39
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 39
Annexes . 50
Annex A (informative) Routine tests . 50
Annex AA (normative) Specification for the thermal insulation . 52
Annex BB (normative) Equipment for the mechanical strength test for blankets . 53
Annex CC (normative) Clothing . 56
Bibliography . 59

60335-2-17 © IEC:2012 – 3 –
Figure 101 – Symbol for "Do not use folded or rucked" . 39
Figure 102 – Symbol for "Do not insert pins" . 39
Figure 103 – Arrangement for measuring leakage current and electric strength of the
flexible part . 40
Figure 104 – Arrangement for the three-thickness fold test . 41
Figure 105 – Examples showing the position of the thermal insulation on ruck-resistant
blankets and mattresses . 42
Figure 106 – Examples of folds and the position of the thermal insulation on pads . 43
Figure 107 – Tumbling barrel for testing the mechanical strength of pads . 44
Figure 108 – Impact apparatus for testing enclosures of moisture-proof appliances . 45
Figure 109 – Shape of the sample for the tear resistance test . 46
Figure 110 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wiring . 46
Figure 111 – Arrangement for the rigidity test of ruck-resistant blankets . 47
Figure 112 – Equipment for the spark ignition test . 48
Figure 113 – Equipment for the spark ignition test – Details of the mask . 49
Figure BB.1 – Equipment for the mechanical strength test of blankets . 54
Figure BB.2 – Detail of the drum and cylinders . 55
Figure BB.3 – Detail of the clamping bar . 55

Table 101 – Maximum temperatures . 17
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises. 17
Table A.101 – Test voltages . 50

– 4 – 60335-2-17 © IEC:2012
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads,
clothing and similar flexible heating appliances

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The f
...


IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.2 2019-03
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar
flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements
et appareils chauffants souples analogues

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from

either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or

your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie

et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des

questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

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committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
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Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
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IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.2 2019-03
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –

Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar

flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –

Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements

et appareils chauffants souples analogues

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.120; 97.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-6731-8

IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.2 2019-03
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar
flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements
et appareils chauffants souples analogues

– 2 – IEC 60335-2-17:2012+AMD1:2015

+AMD2:2019 CSV © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4

INTRODUCTION . 7

1 Scope . 8

2 Normative references . 9

3 Terms and definitions . 9

4 General requirement . 11

5 General conditions for the tests . 11
6 Classification . 13
7 Marking and instructions . 13
8 Protection against access to live parts . 16
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 16
10 Power input and current . 16
11 Heating . 17
12 Void. 19
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 19
14 Transient overvoltages . 20
15 Moisture resistance . 20
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 21
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 22
18 Endurance . 22
19 Abnormal operation . 22
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 26
21 Mechanical strength . 26
22 Construction . 34
23 Internal wiring . 37
24 Components . 37
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 37
26 Terminals for external conductors . 38
27 Provision for earthing . 39

28 Screws and connections . 39
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 39
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 39
31 Resistance to rusting . 41
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 42
Annexes . 54
Annex A (informative) Routine tests . 54
Annex AA (normative) Specification for the thermal insulation . 56
Annex BB (normative) Equipment for the mechanical strength test for blankets . 57
Annex CC (normative) Clothing . 60
Bibliography . 63

+AMD2:2019 CSV © IEC 2015
Figure 101 – Symbol for "Do not use folded or rucked" . 42

Figure 102 – Symbol for "Do not insert pins" . 42

Figure 103 – Arrangement for measuring leakage current and electric strength of the

flexible part . 43

Figure 104 – Void . 44

Figure 105 – Void . 45

Figure 106 – Void . 46

Figure 107 – Tumbling barrel for testing the mechanical strength of pads . 47

Figure 108 – Impact apparatus for testing enclosures of moisture-proof appliances . 48

Figure 109 – Shape of the sample for the tear resistance test . 49
Figure 110 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wirin . 49
Figure 111 – Void . 50
Figure 112 – Equipment for the spark ignition test . 51
Figure 113 – Equipment for the spark ignition test – Details of the mask . 52
Figure 114 – Shape of the test piece for the tensile test . 53
Figure BB.1 – Equipment for the mechanical strength test of blankets . 58
Figure BB.2 – Detail of the drum and cylinders . 59
Figure BB.3 – Detail of the clamping bar . 59

Table 101 – Maximum temperatures . 18
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises.
...


IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar
flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements
et appareils chauffants souples analogues

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from

either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or

your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie

et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des

questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and additional languages. Also known as the International
iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.

IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,

77, 86 and CISPR.
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IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –

Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar

flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –

Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements

et appareils chauffants souples analogues

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.120, 97.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-2797-8

IEC 60335-2-17 ®
Edition 3.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, clothing and similar
flexible heating appliances
Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-17: Exigences particulières pour les couvertures, coussins, vêtements
et appareils chauffants souples analogues

– 2 – IEC 60335-2-17:2012+AMD1:2015 CSV

© IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4

INTRODUCTION . 7

1 Scope . 8

2 Normative references . 9

3 Terms and definitions . 9

4 General requirement . 11

5 General conditions for the tests . 11
6 Classification . 13
7 Marking and instructions . 13
8 Protection against access to live parts . 16
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 16
10 Power input and current . 16
11 Heating . 17
12 Void. 19
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 19
14 Transient overvoltages . 20
15 Moisture resistance . 20
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 21
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 22
18 Endurance . 22
19 Abnormal operation . 22
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 26
21 Mechanical strength . 26
22 Construction . 34
23 Internal wiring . 37
24 Components . 37
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 37
26 Terminals for external conductors . 38
27 Provision for earthing . 38

28 Screws and connections . 38
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 39
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 39
31 Resistance to rusting . 41
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 41
Annexes . 54
Annex A (informative) Routine tests . 54
Annex AA (normative) Specification for the thermal insulation . 56
Annex BB (normative) Equipment for the mechanical strength test for blankets . 57
Annex CC (normative) Clothing . 60
Bibliography . 63

© IEC 2015
Figure 101 – Symbol for "Do not use folded or rucked" . 42

Figure 102 – Symbol for "Do not insert pins" . 42

Figure 103 – Arrangement for measuring leakage current and electric strength of the

flexible part . 43

Figure 104 – Void . 44

Figure 105 – Void . 45

Figure 106 – Void . 46

Figure 107 – Tumbling barrel for testing the mechanical strength of pads . 47

Figure 108 – Impact apparatus for testing enclosures of moisture-proof appliances . 48

Figure 109 – Shape of the sample for the tear resistance test . 49
Figure 110 – Equipment for flexing heating elements and internal wirin . 49
Figure 111 – Void . 50
Figure 112 – Equipment for the spark ignition test . 51
Figure 113 – Equipment for the spark ignition test – Details of the mask . 52
Figure 114 – Shape of the test piece for the tensile test . 53
Figure BB.1 – Eq
...

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