IEC 62439-1:2010
(Main)Industrial communication networks - High availability automation networks - Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Industrial communication networks - High availability automation networks - Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
IEC 62439-1:2010 is applicable to high-availability automation networks based on the ISO/IEC 8802-3 (IEEE 802.3) (Ethernet) technology. It specifies:
- the common elements and definitions for other parts of the IEC 62439 series;
- the conformance test specification (normative);
- a classification scheme for network characteristics (informative);
- a methodology for estimating network availability (informative);
- the configuration rules, calculation and measurement method for a deterministic recovery time in RSTP. This standard cancels and replaces IEC 62439 published in 2008 and constitutes a technical revision. It includes the following changes:
- a new calculation method for RSTP (rapid spanning tree protocol, IEEE 802.1Q),
- two new redundancy protocols: HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy) and DRP (Distributed Redundancy Protocol),
- a new method to calculate the maximum recovery time of RSTP in a restricted configuration (ring) to IEC 62439-1 as Clause 8, new specifications of the HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy) protocol, which shares the principles of PRP to IEC 62439-3 as Clause 5, and
- introduces the DRP protocol as IEC 62439-6. This bilingual version (2013-07) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in 2010-02.
Réseaux industriels de communication - Réseaux d'automatisme à haute disponibilité - Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
La CEI 62439-1:2010 s'applique aux réseaux de haute disponibilité pour l'automatisation reposant sur la technologie 8802-3 (IEEE 802.3) (Ethernet) de l'ISO/CEI. Elle spécifie:
- les éléments communs et les définitions pour d'autres parties de la série CEI 62439;
- la spécification d'essai de conformité (normative);
- un système de classification pour les caractéristiques de réseau (informative);
- une méthodologie pour l'estimation de la disponibilité du réseau (informative);
- les règles de configuration, la méthode de calcul et de mesure pour un temps de reprise déterministe dans le protocole RSTP. Elle annule et remplace la CEI 62439 publiée en 2008. Elle constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications suivantes:
- ajout d'une méthode de calcul pour le protocole RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1Q),
- ajout de deux nouveaux protocoles de redondance: HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy) et DRP (Distributed Redundancy Protocol),
- ajout d'une méthode de calcul du temps de reprise maximal du protocole RSTP dans une configuration restreinte (anneau) dans la CEI 62439-1 (Article 8),
- ajout de spécifications du protocole HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy), qui partage les principes du protocole PRP dans la CEI 62439-3 (Article 5), et introduction du protocole DRP (CEI 62439-6). La présente version bilingue (2013-07) correspond à la version anglaise monolingue publiée en 2010-02.
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IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-02
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Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
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IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XA
ICS 25.040, 35.040 ISBN 978-2-88910-704-9
– 2 – 62439-1 © IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.7
1 Scope.8
2 Normative references .8
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms, and conventions.9
3.1 Terms and definitions .9
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms.16
3.3 Conventions .17
3.3.1 General conventions.17
3.3.2 Conventions for state machine definitions.17
3.3.3 Conventions for PDU specification.17
3.4 Reserved network addresses .18
4 Conformance requirements (normative) .18
4.1 Conformance to redundancy protocols.18
4.2 Conformance tests .19
4.2.1 Concept.19
4.2.2 Methodology.19
4.2.3 Test conditions and test cases.20
4.2.4 Test procedure and measuring .20
4.2.5 Test report.20
5 Concepts for high availability automation networks (informative) .21
5.1 Characteristics of application of automation networks.21
5.1.1 Resilience in case of failure.21
5.1.2 Classes of network redundancy .22
5.1.3 Redundancy maintenance .22
5.1.4 Comparison and indicators .23
5.2 Generic network system .24
5.2.1 Network elements.24
5.2.2 Topologies.26
5.2.3 Redundancy handling .32
5.2.4 Network recovery time .32
5.2.5 Diagnosis coverage .32
5.2.6 Failures .32
5.3 Safety .34
5.4 Security.34
6 Classification of networks (informative) .34
6.1 Notation .34
6.2 Classification of robustness.35
7 Availability calculations for selected networks (informative) .35
7.1 Definitions .35
7.2 Reliability models .36
7.2.1 Generic symmetrical reliability model.36
7.2.2 Simplified symmetrical reliability model.38
7.2.3 Asymmetric reliability model .38
7.3 Availability of selected structures .39
7.3.1 Single LAN without redundant leaves .39
62439-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
7.3.2 Network without redundant leaves .40
7.3.3 Single LAN with redundant leaves .41
7.3.4 Network with redundant leaves .41
7.3.5 Considering second failures .42
7.4 Caveat .44
8 RSTP for High Availability Networks: configuration rules, calculation and
measurement method for deterministic recovery time in a ring topology .44
8.1 General .44
8.2 Deployment and configuration rules for the ring topology .44
8.3 Calculations for fault recovery time in a ring .45
8.3.1 Dependencies and failure modes.45
8.3.2 Calculations for non-considered failure modes.45
8.3.3 Calculations for the considered failure modes.45
8.4 Timing measurement method .46
8.4.1 Measurement of T .46
PA
8.4.2 Measurement of T .47
L
8.4.3 Measurement of (T + T ).48
TC F
8.4.4 System test example .50
Bibliography.52
Figure 1 – Conformance test overview .19
Figure 2 – General network elements (tree topology) .24
Figure 3 – Link Redundancy Entity in a Doubly Attached Node (DAN).26
Figure 4 – Example of tree topology.27
Figure 5 – Example of linear topology.28
Figure 6 – Example of ring topology.28
Figure 7 – Example of a partially meshed topology .29
Figure 8 – Example of fully meshed topology .30
Figure 9 – Single LAN structure without redundant leaf links.30
Figure 10 – Single LAN structure with redundant leaf links.31
Figure 11 – Redundant LAN structure without redundant leaf links.31
Figure 12 – Redundant LAN structure with redundant leaf links .31
Figure 13 – General symmetrical fault model .37
Figure 14 – Simplified fault model.38
Figure 15 – Asymmetric fault model .39
Figure 16 – Network with no redundancy .40
Figure 17 – Network with no single point of failure .41
Figure 18 – Network with resiliency to second failure.43
Figure 19 –Test rig for T measurement.47
PA
Figure 20 –Test rig for T measurement.48
L
Figure 21 –Test rig for (T + T ) measurement .49
TC F
Figure 22 –Test rig for system test.50
Table 1 – Examples of application grace time .21
Table 2 – Examples of redundancy protocols .23
– 4 – 62439-1 © IEC:2010(E)
Table 3 – Code assignment for the field .34
Table 4 – Code assignment for the field .34
Table 5 – Code assignment for the field.35
Table 6 – Code assignment for the field .35
62439-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS –
HIGH AVAILABILITY AUTOMATION NETWORKS –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governme
...
IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux industriels de communication – Réseaux d’automatisme à haute
disponibilité–
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
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Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
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IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2010-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux industriels de communication – Réseaux d’automatisme à haute
disponibilité–
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XA
ICS 25.040, 35.040 ISBN 978-2-8322-0846-5
– 2 – 62439-1 IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms, and conventions . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms . 16
3.3 Conventions . 17
3.3.1 General conventions . 17
3.3.2 Conventions for state machine definitions . 17
3.3.3 Conventions for PDU specification . 17
3.4 Reserved network addresses . 18
4 Conformance requirements (normative) . 18
4.1 Conformance to redundancy protocols. 18
4.2 Conformance tests . 19
4.2.1 Concept . 19
4.2.2 Methodology . 19
4.2.3 Test conditions and test cases . 20
4.2.4 Test procedure and measuring . 20
4.2.5 Test report . 20
5 Concepts for high availability automation networks (informative) . 21
5.1 Characteristics of application of automation networks. 21
5.1.1 Resilience in case of failure . 21
5.1.2 Classes of network redundancy . 22
5.1.3 Redundancy maintenance . 22
5.1.4 Comparison and indicators . 23
5.2 Generic network system . 24
5.2.1 Network elements . 24
5.2.2 Topologies . 26
5.2.3 Redundancy handling . 32
5.2.4 Network recovery time . 32
5.2.5 Diagnosis coverage . 32
5.2.6 Failures . 32
5.3 Safety . 34
5.4 Security . 34
6 Classification of networks (informative) . 34
6.1 Notation . 34
6.2 Classification of robustness . 35
7 Availability calculations for selected networks (informative) . 35
7.1 Definitions . 35
7.2 Reliability models . 36
7.2.1 Generic symmetrical reliability model . 36
7.2.2 Simplified symmetrical reliability model . 38
7.2.3 Asymmetric reliability model . 38
7.3 Availability of selected structures . 39
62439-1 IEC:2010 – 3 –
7.3.1 Single LAN without redundant leaves . 39
7.3.2 Network without redundant leaves . 40
7.3.3 Single LAN with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.4 Network with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.5 Considering second failures . 42
7.4 Caveat . 44
8 RSTP for High Availability Networks: configuration rules, calculation and
measurement method for deterministic recovery time in a ring topology . 44
8.1 General . 44
8.2 Deployment and configuration rules for the ring topology . 44
8.3 Calculations for fault recovery time in a ring . 45
8.3.1 Dependencies and failure modes . 45
8.3.2 Calculations for non-considered failure modes. 45
8.3.3 Calculations for the considered failure modes . 45
8.4 Timing measurement method . 46
8.4.1 Measurement of T . 46
PA
8.4.2 Measurement of T . 47
L
8.4.3 Measurement of (T + T ) . 48
TC F
8.4.4 System test example . 50
Bibliography . 52
Figure 1 – Conformance test overview . 19
Figure 2 – General network elements (tree topology) . 24
Figure 3 – Link Redundancy Entity in a Doubly Attached Node (DAN) . 26
Figure 4 – Example of tree topology. 27
Figure 5 – Example of linear topology . 28
Figure 6 – Example of ring topology . 28
Figure 7 – Example of a partially meshed topology . 29
Figure 8 – Example of fully meshed topology . 30
Figure 9 – Single LAN structure without redundant leaf links . 30
Figure 10 – Single LAN structure with redundant leaf links . 31
Figure 11 – Redundant LAN structure without redundant leaf links . 31
Figure 12 – Redundant LAN structure with redundant leaf links . 31
Figure 13 – General symmetrical fault model . 37
Figure 14 – S
...
IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.2 2016-02
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
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inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
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Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.2 2016-02
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 25.040; 35.040; 35.100.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-3220-0
IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.2 2016-02
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
– 2 – IEC 62439-1:2010+AMD1:2012
+AMD2:2016 CSV IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD. 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms, and conventions . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms . 16
3.3 Conventions . 17
3.3.1 General conventions . 17
3.3.2 Conventions for state machine definitions . 18
3.3.3 Conventions for PDU specification . 18
3.4 Reserved network addresses . 18
4 Conformance requirements (normative) . 19
4.1 Conformance to redundancy protocols . 19
4.2 Conformance tests . 19
4.2.1 Concept . 19
4.2.2 Methodology . 20
4.2.3 Test conditions and test cases . 20
4.2.4 Test procedure and measuring . 21
4.2.5 Test report . 21
5 Concepts for high availability automation networks (informative) . 22
5.1 Characteristics of application of automation networks . 22
5.1.1 Resilience in case of failure . 22
5.1.2 Classes of network redundancy . 22
5.1.3 Redundancy maintenance . 23
5.1.4 Comparison and indicators . 23
5.2 Generic network system . 25
5.2.1 Network elements . 25
5.2.2 Topologies . 27
5.2.3 Redundancy handling . 32
5.2.4 Network recovery time . 33
5.2.5 Diagnosis coverage . 33
5.2.6 Failures . 33
5.3 Safety . 34
5.4 Security . 34
6 Classification of networks (informative) . 34
6.1 Notation . 34
6.2 Classification of robustness . 35
7 Availability calculations for selected networks (informative) . 36
7.1 Definitions . 36
7.2 Reliability models . 37
7.2.1 Generic symmetrical reliability model . 37
7.2.2 Simplified symmetrical reliability model . 38
7.2.3 Asymmetric reliability model . 39
7.3 Availability of selected structures . 40
+AMD2:2016 CSV IEC 2016
7.3.1 Single LAN without redundant leaves . 40
7.3.2 Network without redundant leaves . 40
7.3.3 Single LAN with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.4 Network with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.5 Considering second failures . 42
7.4 Caveat . 44
8 RSTP for High Availability Networks: configuration rules, calculation and
measurement method for deterministic predictible recovery time in a ring topology . 44
8.1 General . 44
8.2 Deployment and configuration rules for the ring topology . 45
8.3 Calculations for fault recovery time in a ring . 45
8.3.1 Dependencies and failure modes . 45
8.3.2 Calculations for non-considered failure modes . 45
8.3.3 Calculations for the considered failure modes . 45
8.4 Timing measurement method . 46
8.4.1 Measurement of T . 46
PA
8.4.2 Measurement of T . 47
L
8.4.3 Measurement of (T + T ) . 48
TC F
8.4.4 System test example . 50
8.5 RSTP topology limits and maximum
...
IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2013-07
CONSOLIDATED
VERSION
VERSION
CONSOLIDÉE
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inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
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IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2013-07
CONSOLIDATED
VERSION
VERSION
CONSOLIDÉE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 25.040; 35.040; 35.100.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-1002-4
IEC 62439-1 ®
Edition 1.1 2013-07
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks – High availability automation networks –
Part 1: General concepts and calculation methods
Réseaux de communication industriels – Réseaux de haute disponibilité pour
l'automatisation –
Partie 1: Concepts généraux et méthodes de calcul
– 2 – 62439-1 IEC:2010+A1:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations, acronyms, and conventions . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms . 16
3.3 Conventions . 17
3.3.1 General conventions . 17
3.3.2 Conventions for state machine definitions . 18
3.3.3 Conventions for PDU specification . 18
3.4 Reserved network addresses . 18
4 Conformance requirements (normative) . 19
4.1 Conformance to redundancy protocols. 19
4.2 Conformance tests . 19
4.2.1 Concept . 19
4.2.2 Methodology . 20
4.2.3 Test conditions and test cases . 20
4.2.4 Test procedure and measuring . 21
4.2.5 Test report . 21
5 Concepts for high availability automation networks (informative) . 22
5.1 Characteristics of application of automation networks. 22
5.1.1 Resilience in case of failure . 22
5.1.2 Classes of network redundancy . 22
5.1.3 Redundancy maintenance . 23
5.1.4 Comparison and indicators . 23
5.2 Generic network system . 25
5.2.1 Network elements . 25
5.2.2 Topologies . 27
5.2.3 Redundancy handling . 32
5.2.4 Network recovery time . 33
5.2.5 Diagnosis coverage . 33
5.2.6 Failures . 33
5.3 Safety . 34
5.4 Security . 34
6 Classification of networks (informative) . 34
6.1 Notation . 34
6.2 Classification of robustness . 35
7 Availability calculations for selected networks (informative) . 36
7.1 Definitions . 36
7.2 Reliability models . 37
7.2.1 Generic symmetrical reliability model . 37
7.2.2 Simplified symmetrical reliability model . 38
7.2.3 Asymmetric reliability model . 39
62439-1 IEC:2010+A1:2012 – 3 –
7.3 Availability of selected structures . 40
7.3.1 Single LAN without redundant leaves . 40
7.3.2 Network without redundant leaves . 40
7.3.3 Single LAN with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.4 Network with redundant leaves . 41
7.3.5 Considering second failures . 42
7.4 Caveat . 44
8 RSTP for High Availability Networks: configuration rules, calculation and
measurement method for deterministic predictible recovery time in a ring topology . 44
8.1 General . 44
8.2 Deployment and configuration rules for the ring topology . 45
8.3 Calculations for fault recovery time in a ring . 45
8.3.1 Dependencies and failure modes . 45
8.3.2 Calculations for non-considered failure modes. 45
8.3.3 Calculations for the considered failure modes . 45
8.4 Timing measurement method . 46
8.4.1 Measurement of T . 46
PA
8.4.2 Measurement of T . 47
L
8.4.3 Measurement of (T + T ) . 48
TC F
8.4.4 System test example . 50
8.5 RSTP topology limits and maximum recovery time. 51
8.5.1 RSTP protocol parameters . 51
8.5.2 RSTP-specific terms and definitions . 51
8.5.3 Example of a small RSTP tree . 53
8.5.4 Assumption on TxHoldCount. 54
8.5.5 Worst case topology and radius determination . 54
8.5.6 Method to determine the worst case radius in case of a ring-ring
architecture . 55
8.5.7 Worst case radius of an optimized multilayer architecture . 56
8.5.8 Approximated upper bond reconfiguration time for RSTP networks . 57
Bibliography . 60
Figure 1 – Conformance test overview .
...
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