Environmental testing - Part 3-3: Supporting documentation and guidance - Seismic test methods for equipment

IEC 60068-3-3:2019 applies primarily to electro-technical equipment but its application can be extended to other equipment and to components. In addition, if some type of analysis is always performed when making a seismic qualification, for example for the choice of the representative sample to be tested or for the extension of the seismic qualification from the tested specimen to similar specimens, the verification of the performance of an equipment by analysis or by a combination of testing and analysis can be acceptable but is outside the scope of this document, which is restricted to verification based entirely upon data from dynamic testing. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1991. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the main aim of this revision is to connect the testing level to the seismic activity level of the zone where the equipment could be installed;
- a standard shape for the required response spectrum is also given for the general seismic class for which the seismic environment is either not known or is imprecisely known;
- Clauses 11 to 15 were renumbered and some adjustments were made as their content is very general and the requirements can be applied both to the general seismic class and to the specific seismic class;
- the word “envelope” is replaced with “dominance” and “to envelop” with “to dominate” in order to provide a more precise meaning from a mathematical point of view.
The contents of the corrigendum of September 2021 have been included in this copy.

Essais d'environnement - Partie 3-3 : Documentation d’accompagnement et recommandations - Méthodes d’essais sismiques applicables aux matériels

L’IEC 60068-3-3:2019 s’applique principalement au matériel électrotechnique mais son application peut s’étendre à d’autres matériels et composants. Par ailleurs, si un certain type d’analyse est toujours effectuée lors de la réalisation d’une qualification sismique, par exemple pour choisir l’échantillon représentatif à soumettre à essai ou pour étendre la qualification sismique du spécimen soumis à essai à des spécimens similaires, la vérification des performances d’un matériel par l’analyse ou par une combinaison d’essais et d’analyses peut être acceptable mais elle n’entre pas dans le domaine d’application du présent document, qui se limite à la vérification uniquement fondée sur les données d’essais dynamiques. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1991. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- le principal objectif de la présente révision est d’adapter le niveau d’essai au niveau d’activité sismique de la zone où le matériel est susceptible d’être installé;
- une forme normalisée du spectre de réponse spécifié est également fournie pour la classe sismique générale pour laquelle l’environnement sismique n’est pas connu ou l’est de manière imprécise;
- les Articles 11 à 15 ont été renumérotés et plusieurs ajustements ont été effectués car le contenu de ces articles est très général et les exigences peuvent s’appliquer aussi bien à la classe sismique générale qu’à la classe sismique spécifique;
- le terme «enveloppe» est remplacé par «dominance» et «envelopper» par «dominer» afin d’expliciter ces termes du point de vue mathématique.
Le contenu du corrigendum de septembre 2021 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.

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Publication Date
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Completion Date
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IEC 60068-3-3
Edition 2.0 2019-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Environmental testing –
Part 3-3: Supporting documentation and guidance – Seismic test methods for
equipment
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 3-3: Documentation d’accompagnement et recommandations – Méthodes
d’essais sismiques applicables aux matériels
IEC 60068-3-3:2019-08(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 60068-3-3
Edition 2.0 2019-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Environmental testing –
Part 3-3: Supporting documentation and guidance – Seismic test methods for
equipment
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 3-3: Documentation d’accompagnement et recommandations – Méthodes
d’essais sismiques applicables aux matériels
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 19.040 ISBN 978-2-8322-7097-4

Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 5

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 7

1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 8

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 8

3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................... 9

4 General and qualification considerations ....................................................................... 14

4.1 General seismic class and specific seismic class .................................................. 14

4.2 Service conditions ................................................................................................. 14

4.3 Malfunction criteria ............................................................................................... 15

4.4 Qualification criteria .............................................................................................. 15

5 Testing procedures ........................................................................................................ 15

5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 15

5.2 Mounting ............................................................................................................... 15

5.3 Measurements ...................................................................................................... 15

5.3.1 Vibration measurements at the vibration table ............................................... 15

5.3.2 Vibration measurements on the equipment .................................................... 16

5.3.3 Functional monitoring of the equipment ......................................................... 16

5.4 Frequency range ................................................................................................... 16

6 Conditioning .................................................................................................................. 16

7 Test wave selection ....................................................................................................... 16

7.1 General ................................................................................................................. 16

7.2 Multifrequency waves............................................................................................ 16

7.3 Single-frequency waves ........................................................................................ 17

8 Test waves .................................................................................................................... 17

8.1 General ................................................................................................................. 17

8.1.1 Specification of test waves ............................................................................ 17

8.1.2 Simulation with a safety margin of the effects of an earthquake ..................... 17

8.2 Multifrequency wave testing .................................................................................. 18

8.2.1 General requirements .................................................................................... 18

8.2.2 Time-history test ............................................................................................ 18

8.2.3 Other multifrequency tests ............................................................................. 18

8.3 Single-frequency testing ....................................................................................... 19

8.3.1 General requirements .................................................................................... 19

8.3.2 Sine-sweep test ............................................................................................. 19

8.3.3 Sine-beat test ................................................................................................ 19

8.3.4 Continuous sine test ...................................................................................... 20

8.4 Other test wave forms ........................................................................................... 20

9 Testing conditions ......................................................................................................... 20

9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 20

9.2 Vibration response investigation ........................................................................... 21

9.3 Test methods ........................................................................................................ 21

9.3.1 Test method for equipment without critical frequencies .................................. 21

9.3.2 Test method for equipment with critical frequencies ....................................... 22

9.4 Selection of damping ............................................................................................ 22

9.5 S1-earthquake and S2-earthquake testing ............................................................ 23

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019 – 3 –

9.6 Specific application testing .................................................................................... 23

9.7 Assembly testing ................................................................................................... 23

9.8 Component testing ................................................................................................ 23

10 Single and multi-axis testing .......................................................................................... 24

10.1 General ................................................................................................................. 24

10.2 Single-axis testing ................................................................................................ 24

10.3 Biaxial testing ....................................................................................................... 24

10.3.1 General requirements .................................................................................... 24

10.3.2 Two horizontal axes ....................................................................................... 24

10.3.3 One horizontal axis and one vertical axis ....................................................... 24

10.4 Triaxial testing ...................................................................................................... 25

10.4.1 General ......................................................................................................... 25

10.4.2 Triaxial installation ......................................................................................... 25

10.4.3 Biaxial installation (one horizontal axis, one vertical axis) .............................. 26

11 Conditioning for the general seismic class ..................................................................... 26

11.1 Selection of test type ............................................................................................ 26

11.2 Test method .......................................................................................................... 26

12 Calculated amplitude test method for the general seismic class ..................................... 27

12.1 Application ............................................................................................................ 27

12.2 Testing conditions ................................................................................................. 27

12.2.1 General ......................................................................................................... 27

12.2.2 Performance level .......................................................................................... 27

12.2.3 Test wave selection ....................................................................................... 27

12.2.4 Damping ratio ................................................................................................ 27

12.2.5 Ground acceleration (a ) ............................................................................... 27

12.2.6 Superelevation factor (K) ............................................................................... 29

12.2.7 Direction factor (D) ........................................................................................ 29

12.2.8 Floor acceleration (a ) .................................................................................... 30

13 Testing parameters for the general seismic class .......................................................... 30

13.1 Duration of test ..................................................................................................... 30

13.2 Test acceleration (a ) ............................................................................................ 30

13.2.1 General ......................................................................................................... 30

13.2.2 Wave factor (α) .............................................................................................. 31

13.2.3 Geometric factor (G) ...................................................................................... 31

14 Required response spectrum for the general seismic class ............................................ 31

15 Testing procedures for the general seismic class ........................................................... 32

15.1 Vibration response investigation (VRI) .................................................................. 32

15.2 Types of test ......................................................................................................... 33

15.2.1 Sine-beat test ................................................................................................ 33

15.2.2 Sine-sweep test ............................................................................................. 33

15.2.3 Time-history test ............................................................................................ 33

15.2.4 Other test wave forms .................................................................................... 33

16 Conditioning for the specific seismic class ..................................................................... 33

17 Test wave selection for the specific seismic class .......................................................... 34

17.1 General ................................................................................................................. 34

17.2 Multifrequency waves............................................................................................ 34

17.3 Single-frequency waves ........................................................................................ 34

18 Test waves for the specific seismic class ....................................................................... 34

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019

18.1 General ................................................................................................................. 34

18.2 Single-frequency testing ....................................................................................... 34

18.2.1 General ......................................................................................................... 34

18.2.2 Sine-sweep test ............................................................................................. 34

18.2.3 Sine-beat test ................................................................................................ 34

18.2.4 Continuous sine test ...................................................................................... 35

18.3 Other test wave forms ........................................................................................... 35

19 Testing conditions for the specific seismic class ............................................................ 35

20 Single and multi-axis testing for the specific seismic class ............................................. 35

Annex A (informative) Flow charts for test selection ............................................................. 43

A.1 Selection of test type ............................................................................................ 43

A.2 General seismic class – Calculated amplitude test ................................................ 44

A.3 Specific seismic class – Single axis testing ........................................................... 45

A.4 Specific seismic class – Multi-axis testing ............................................................. 46

Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 47

Figure 1 – Shape of a required response spectrum in generalized form (log-log scale)

(as recommended by IEC 60068-2-57) .................................................................................. 32

Figure 2 – Typical envelope response spectrum .................................................................... 35

Figure 3 – Types of response spectrum envelopes ................................................................ 36

Figure 4 – Multifrequency response spectrum with superimposed sine beats ........................ 37

Figure 5 – Sequence of five sine beats with five cycles ......................................................... 37

Figure 6 – Typical time history .............................................................................................. 38

Figure 7 – Continuous sine ................................................................................................... 39

Figure 8 – Biaxial table along an inclined plane .................................................................... 40

Figure 9 – Wave amplification factors ................................................................................... 41

Figure 10 – Vibration amplitudes for ground acceleration a with crossover frequencies

at 0,8 Hz and 1,6 Hz ............................................................................................................. 42

Figure A.1 – Selection of seismic class ................................................................................. 43

Figure A.2 – Calculated amplitude test flowchart ................................................................... 44

Figure A.3 – Single-axis testing flowchart ............................................................................. 45

Figure A.4 – Multi-axis testing flowchart ................................................................................ 46

Table 1 – Typical damping ratios (per cent of critical) ........................................................... 22

Table 2 – Selection of test type ............................................................................................. 26

Table 3 – Ground acceleration levels .................................................................................... 27

Table 4 – Correspondence between peak ground acceleration and some seismic

scales ................................................................................................................................... 28

Table 5 – Recommended superelevation factors (K) ............................................................. 29

Table 6 – Direction factors (D) .............................................................................................. 29

Table 7 – Wave factor ........................................................................................................... 31

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 3-3: Supporting documentation and guidance –
Seismic test methods for equipment
FOREWORD

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote

international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To

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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.

9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of

patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 60068-3-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 104:

Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1991. This edition

constitutes a technical revision.

This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous

edition:

a) the main aim of this revision is to connect the testing level to the seismic activity level of

the zone where the equipment could be installed;

b) a standard shape for the required response spectrum is also given for the general seismic

class for which the seismic environment is either not known or is imprecisely known;

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019

c) Clauses 11 to 15 were renumbered and some adjustments were made as their content is

very general and the requirements can be applied both to the general seismic class and to

the specific seismic class;

d) the word “envelope” is replaced with “dominance” and “to envelop” with “to dominate” in

order to provide a more precise meaning from a mathematical point of view.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
104/835/FDIS 104/841/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in

the report on voting indicated in the above table.

This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60068-1.

A list of all parts in the IEC 60068 series, published under the general title Environmental

testing, can be found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the

stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to

the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION

Guidance is included in each of the two test methods referred to in this document but it is

specific to the test method. The guidance in this document is directed towards choosing the

appropriate test method and applying it to seismic testing.
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – IEC 60068-3-3:2019 © IEC 2019
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 3-3: Supporting documentation and guidance –
Seismic test methods for equipment
1 Scope

This part of IEC 60068 applies primarily to electro-technical equipment but its application can

be extended to other equipment and to components.

In addition, if some type of analysis is always performed when making a seismic qualification,

for example for the choice of the representative sample to be tested or for the extension of

the seismic qualification from the tested specimen to similar specimens, the verification of the

performance of an equipment by analysis or by a combination of testing and analysis can be

acceptable but is outside the scope of this document, which is restricted to verification based

entirely upon data from dynamic testing.

This document deals solely with the seismic testing of a full-size equipment which can be

tested on a vibration table. The seismic testing of an equipment is intended to demonstrate its

ability to perform its required function during and/or after the time it is subjected to the

stresses and displacements resulting from an earthquake.

The object of this document is to present a range of methods of testing which, when specified

by the relevant specification, can be applied to demonstrate the performance of equipment for

which seismic testing is required with the main aim of achieving qualification.
NOTE Qualification by so-called “fragility-testing” is not
...

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