IEC 61400-25-6:2010

Wind turbines - Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring

IEC 61400-25-6:2010(E) specifies the information models related to condition monitoring for wind power plants and the information exchange of data values related to these models. The purpose is to model condition monitoring information by using the information modelling approach as described in IEC 61400-25-1 and by extending the existing information model as specified in IEC 61400-25-2, the information exchange models specified in IEC 61400-25-3 and the mapping to communication profiles as specified in IEC 61400-25-4.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Nov-2010
• ICS: 27.180 - Wind turbine energy systems
• Technical Committee: TC 88 - Wind energy generation systems
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 16-Dec-2016

Relations

• Revised: IEC 61400-25-6:2016 - Wind energy generation systems - Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 61400-25-6
®
Edition 1.0 2010-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD

colour
inside

Wind turbines –
Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants –
Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring



IEC 61400-25-6:2010(E)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.iec.ch

About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
§ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
§ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
§ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
§ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: [e-mail]
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 61400-25-6
®
Edition 1.0 2010-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD

colour
inside

Wind turbines –
Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants –
Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
V
ICS 27.180 ISBN 978-2-88912-230-1
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREW ORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Sc o pe . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Abbreviated terms . 11
5 General . 14
5.1 Ov erv iew . 14
5.2 Condition monitoring information modelling . 15
5.3 Coordination system applied for identifying direction and angles . 16
5.4 Active power bin concept . 16
6 Common data class attributes . 17
6.1 General . 17
6.2 Attributes for condition monitoring measurement description. 17
7 Common data classes for wind turbine condition monitoring . 23
7.1 General . 23
7.2 Common data classes defined in IEC 61400-25-2 . 24
7.3 Condition monitoring bin (CMB) . 24
7.4 Condition monitoring measurement description (CMMD) . 24
7.5 Condition monitoring scalar value (CMSV) . 25
7.6 Scalar value array (SVA). 26
7.7 Condition monitoring scalar value array (CMSVA). 27
7.8 Condition monitoring vector value (CMVV) . 27
8 Logical nodes for wind turbine condition monitoring. 28
8.1 General . 28
8.2 Logical nodes inherited from IEC 61400-25-2 . 28
8.3 Wind turbine condition monitoring logical node WCON . 29
9 Data file (DAF) . 29

Figure 1 – Condition monitoring with separated TCD/CMD functions . 7
Figure 2 – Schematic flow of condition monitoring information . 8
Figure 3 – Reference coordinates system for the drive train . 16
Figure 4 – Active power bin concept . 17
Figure 5 – Sensor angular orientation . 20
Figure 6 – Sensor motion identification . 20
Figure 7 – Sensor normal and reverse motion . 21
Figure 8 – Principle of shaft and bearing numbering along a drive train . 21
Figure A.1 – Gearbox example – Spectral analysis from an Iss sensor . 30
Figure B.1 – Wind turbine condition monitoring measurements . 31

Table 1 – Abbreviated terms applied . 12
Table 2 – Coordinate system and wind turbine related characteristics . 16
Table 3 – Attributes used for measurement description. 18

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
Table 4 – Sensor identification convention . 18
Table 5 – Sensor type code . 19
Table 6 – Reference code for sensor sensitive axis orientation. 20
Table 7 – Gearbox shaft and bearing identification . 22
Table 8 – mxType values . 23
Table 9 – CDC: Condition monitoring bin (CMB) . 24
Table 10 – CDC: Condition monitoring measurement description (CMMD) . 25
Table 11 – CDC: Condition monitoring scalar value (CMSV) . 26
Table 12 – CDC: Scalar value array (SVA) . 26
Table 13 – CDC: Condition monitoring scalar value array (CMSVA) . 27
Table 14 – CDC: Condition monitoring vector value (CMVV) . 28
Table 15 – LN: Wind turbine condition monitoring information (WCON) . 29

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

WIND TURBINES –

Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring
and control of wind power plants –
Logical node classes and data classes
for condition monitoring


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote interna-
tional co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this
end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Tech-
nical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publica-
tion(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the
subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental
organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the Interna-
tional Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between
the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all inter-
ested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinter-
pretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence be-
tween any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and ex-
penses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publica-
tions.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of pa-
tent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61400-25-6 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 88:
Wind turbines.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
88/377A/FDIS 88/380/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
A list of all parts in the IEC 61400 series, published under the general title: Wind turbines, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data re-
lated to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understand-
ing of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 61400-25 series defines information models and information exchange models for
monitoring and control of wind power plants. The modelling approach (for information models
and information exchange models) of IEC 61400-25-2 and IEC 61400-25-3 uses abstract defi-
nitions of classes and services such that the specifications are independent of specific com-
munication protocol stacks, implementations, and operating systems. The mapping of these
abstract definitions to specific communication profiles is defined in IEC 61400-25-4.
Conformance to IEC 61400-25-6 requires in principle conformance to IEC 61400-25-2,
IEC 61400-25-3 and IEC 61400-25-4.
The definitions in parts IEC 61400-25-1 to IEC 61400-25-5 apply also for this part 6 of the
standard series.
The purpose of this part of IEC 61400 is to define an information model for condition monitor-
ing information and to define how to use the existing definitions of IEC 61400-25-2 and to de-
fine the required extensions in order to describe and exchange information related to condi-
tion monitoring of wind turbines. The models of condition monitoring information defined in
this standard may represent information provided by sensors or by calculation.
In the context of this standard, condition monitoring means a process with the purpose of ob-
serving components or structures of a wind turbine or wind power plant for a period of time in
order to evaluate the state of the components or structures and any changes to it, in order to
detect early indications of impending failures. With the objective to be able to monitor compo-
nents and structures in approximately the same conditions, this standard introduces a concept
of sorting production or power levels of a wind turbine into power bins. The power bins con-
cept is multidimensional in order to fit the purpose of sorting complex operational conditions
into comparable circumstances.
Condition monitoring is most frequently used as a predictive or condition-based maintenance
technique (CBM). However, there are other predictive maintenance techniques that can also
be used, including the use of the human senses (look, listen, feel, smell) or machine perfor-
mance monitoring techniques. These could be considered to be part of the condition monitor-
ing.
Condition monitoring techniques
Condition monitoring techniques that generate information to be modelled include, but are not
limited to, measured or processed values such as:
· vibration measurements and analysis;
· oil debris measurement and analysis;
· temperature measurement and analysis;
· strain gauge measurement and analysis;
· acoustic measurement and analysis.
Components and structures can be monitored by using automatic measurement retrieval or
via a manual process.
Condition monitoring devices
The condition monitoring functions may be located in different physical devices. Some infor-
mation may be exposed by a turbine controller device (TCD) while other information may be
exposed by an additional condition monitoring device (CMD). Various actors may request to
exchange data values located in the TCD and/or CMD. A SCADA device may request data
values from a TCD and/or CMD; a CMD may request data values from a TCD. The information

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
...
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 7 –
exchange between an actor and a device in a wind power plant requires the use of infor-
mation exchange services as defined in IEC 61400-25-3 and the additional required exchange
services specified in this part 6. A summary of the above is depicted in Figure 1.
Actors like Operators, Control Centre,
maintenance teams, owners, .
IEC 61400-25-3, IEC 61400-25-4
and IEC 61400-25-6
Information Exchange
IEC 61400-25-3, IEC 61400-25-4
Condition Monitoring Device or function
and IEC 61400-25-6
with Logical Nodes and Data Objects
Information Exchange
Gearbox
Generator
Brake
Tower
TC/CM
...
Scope of
standard
Information
Exchange
…
Logical Nodes and Data Objects
IEC  2433/10

Figure 1 – Condition monitoring with separated TCD/CMD functions
The state of the art in the wind power industry is a topology with separated devices for control
and condition monitoring applications. Based on this fact, the information and information ex-
change modelling in the present document is based on a topology with a TCD and a CMD.
IEC 61400-25-6 must be perceived as an extension of the IEC 61400-25 series of standards
with the focus on condition monitoring.

Actors like Operators,
Control Centre, maintenance
teams, owners, .
IEC 61400-25-3, IEC 61400-25-4
Information Exchange
Wind Turbine Control Device or function
with Logical Nodes and Data Objects

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
WIND TURBINES –

Part 25-6: Communications for monitoring
and control of wind power plants –
Logical node classes and data classes
for condition monitoring



1 Scope
This part of the IEC 61400-25 series specifies the information models related to condition
monitoring for wind power plants and the information exchange of data values related to these
models.
Figure 2 illustrates the information flow of a system using condition monitoring to perform
condition based maintenance. The figure illustrates how data values are refined and concen-
trated through the information flow, ending up with the ultimate goal of condition based
maintenance – actions to be performed via issuing work orders to maintenance teams in order
to prevent the wind power plant device to stop providing its intended service.

IEC  2434/10
Figure 2 – Schematic flow of condition monitoring information
Information Information Information
Data reduction
Refinement of information
Scope of IEC 61400-25-6

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 9 –
Condition monitoring is mainly based on the following kinds of information.
· Time waveform records (samples) of a specific time interval to be exchanged in real-
time or by files for analysis (e.g. acceleration, position detection, speed, stress detec-
tion).
· Status information and measurements (synchronized with the waveform records) rep-
resenting the turbine operation conditions.
· Results of time waveform record analysis of vibration data (scalar values, array val-
ues, statistical values, historical (statistical) values, counters and status information).
· Results of, for example, oil debris analysis.
It is the purpose of this standard to model condition monitoring information by using the in-
formation modelling approach as described in 6.2.2 of IEC 61400-25-1 and by extending the
existing information model as specified in Clause 6 of IEC 61400-25-2, the information ex-
change models specified in Clause 9 of IEC 61400-25-3 and the mapping to communication
profiles as specified in IEC 61400-25-4.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61400-25-1:2006, Wind turbines – Communications for monitoring and control of wind
power plants – Overall description of principles and models
IEC 61400-25-2:2006, Wind turbines – Communications for monitoring and control of wind
power plants – Information models
IEC 61400-25-3:2006, Wind turbines – Communications for monitoring and control of wind
power plants – Information exchange models
IEC 61400-25-4, Wind turbines – Communications for monitoring and control of wind power
plants – Mapping to communication profile
IEC 61400-25-5, Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants – Conform-
ance testing
IEC 61850-7-2:2003, Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 7-2: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment – Abstract communication ser-
vice interface (ACSI)
IEC 61850-7-3, Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 7-3: Basic com-
munication structure for substation and feeder equipment – Common data classes
ISO 10816 (all parts), Mechanical vibration – Evaluation of machine vibration by measure-
ments on non-rotating parts
ISO 13373-1:2002, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines – Vibration condition
monitoring – Part 1: General procedures

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61400-25-1 and the
following apply.
3.1
actor
any entity that receives (sends) data values from (to) another device
Examples of actors could be SCADA systems, maintenance systems, owner, etc.
3.2
mandatory
term applied where specific content must be provided in order to comply with this standard
3.3
optional
term applied where specific content might be provided in compliance to this standard
3.4
conditional
term applied where specific content defined must be provided depending on stated conditions
in compliance to this standard
3.5
scalar value
data type representing a quantity which can be described by a single number, such as a tem-
perature
3.6
data file
in a computer system, an entity of data available to system users (including the system itself
and its application programs) that is capable of being manipulated as an entity (for example, a
file can be moved from one file directory to another as a whole entity)
The file must have a unique name within its own directory. Some operating systems and ap-
plications describe files with given formats by giving them a particular file name suffix. (The
file name suffix is also known as a file name extension.)
3.7
peak value
maximum excursion of a time wave form from its mean value within a specific time interval
3.8
peak-to-peak value
difference between the positive and negative extreme values of a time wave form within a
specific time interval
3.9
crest factor
ratio of the peak value of a time waveform to the RMS value of the time waveform within a
specific time interval
A crest factor is also named as a "peak-to-RMS-ratio".

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 11 –
3.10
root mean square value
RMS
measure of the level of a signal calculated by squaring the instantaneous value of the signal,
averaging the squared values over time, and taking the square root of the average value
The RMS value is the value which is used to calculate the energy or power in a signal.
3.11
band pass
BP
filter that only passes energy between two frequencies which are named as lower and upper
cut-off frequencies
Band pass filters can be fixed, where the cut-off frequencies are constant, and can be varia-
ble, where the cut-off frequencies are a percentage of the centre frequency – named as con-
stant percentage bandwidth filters.
3.12
order
multiple of specific reference frequencies
An FFT spectrum plot displayed in orders will have multiples of running speed along the hori-
zontal axis. Orders are commonly referred to as 1x… for first of running speed, 2x. for the
second order of the running speed, and so on. When an order is an integral number of the
running speed, it may be referred to as a harmonic of the running speed, e.g. 2x… could be
referred to as the 2nd harmonic of the running speed.
3.13
order analysis
ability to study the amplitude changes of specific signals that are related to the rotational as-
pects of a device
3.14
UFF 58
de-facto standard file format for storing noise and vibration information
The definition of the de facto standard UFF 58 can be accessed from the following link:
http://www.sdrl.uc.edu/universal-file-formats-for-modal-analysis-testing-1

3.15
high frequency band pass
HFBP
overall measurement covering a high frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 kHz
Bearing faults often result in one or more resonance effects in the high frequency range.
Measurements limited to this frequency range are therefore well suited for detecting bearing
faults.
4 Abbreviated terms
CDC Common data class
CM Condition monitoring (function)
CMD Condition monitoring device
DC Data class
ING Common data class for integer setting value (see IEC 61850-7-3)
LCB Log control block

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
– 12 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
LD Logical device
LN Logical node
LPHD Logical node physical device information
RCB Report control block
RMS Root mean square
SAV Common data class for sampled analogue values (see IEC 61850-7-3)
SHS Statistical and historical statistical data (as defined in IEC 61400-25-2, Annex A)
SMV Sampled measured values; some times short: SV = sampled values
TC Turbine controller (function)
TCD Turbine controller device
TMF Tooth meshing frequency
TOC Turbine operation conditions
WPP Wind power plant
WT Wind turbine

Abbreviated terms applied in data classes shall be as listed in Table 1.
Table 1 – Abbreviated terms applied
Term Description Term Description
1Ps 1st planetary stage Brg Bearing
2Ps 2nd planetary stage Brk Brake
A Current Bn Bin
AC AC Cab Cable
Acc Accelerometer Ccw Counter clockwise
Ack Acknowledge Ch Characteristic
Acs Access Chg Change
Act Actual Chk Check
Alm Alarm Chrg Charge
Alt Altitude Cl Cooling
An Analogue Cm Command
Ane Anemometer Cnv Converter
Ang Angle Ct Counting
At Active (real) Ctl Control
Atv Activate Cw Clockwise
Av Average d Description
Avl Availability Dat Data
Ax Axial Db Deadband
Az Azimuth DC DC (direct current)
bin Active power bin Dcl Dc-link
Bec Beacon De Drive end
Bl Blade Deb Debris
Blk Blocked Dec Decrease

---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 13 –
Term Description Term Description
Dehum De-humidifier Intl Internal
Del Delta Iss Intermediate speed stage
Det Detection Lev Level
Dir Direction Lift Lift
Disp Displacement Lim Limit
Dly Daily Lo Low
Dmd Demand Log Log
Dn Down Lt Lateral
Drv Drive Lu Lubrication
Egy Energy Lum Luminosity
Elev Elevator Man Manual
Emg Emergency Max Maximum
En Enable Met Meteorological
Ent Entrance Min Minimum
Ety Empty Mly Monthly
Evt Event Mn Main
Ex External Mod Mode
Ext Excitation Mul Multiplier
Flsh Flash Mx Measurement
Flt Fault Nam Name
Fr Front Nac Nacelle
Ftr Filter NDe Non Drive end
Gbx Gearbox Num Number (size)
Gn Generator Of Off line
Gra Gradient Oil Oil
Gri Grid Op Operate, operating
Gs Grease Oper Operator
Hi High Ov Over
Hly Hourly Pc Power class
Hor Horizontal Per Period, periodic
Hss High speed stage PF Power factor
Ht Heating Ph Phase
Htex Heat-exchanger Pl Plant
Hum Humidity Plu Pollution
Hy Hydraulic Pmp Pump
Hz Frequency Pos Position
Ice Ice Pres Pressure
Id Identifier Prod Production
Idl Idling Ps Planetary stage
Inc Increase Pt Pitch
Inj Injection Ptr Pointer
Inl Inline Pwr Power
Inlet Inlet q Quality
Inst Instantaneous Ra Radial

---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
– 14 – 61400-25-6 Ó IEC:2010(E)
Term Description Term Description
Rdy Ready T Timestamp
React Reactive Tm Timer
Rep Report Tmp Temperature
Rms Root-mean-square Torq Torque
Rng Range Tot Total
Roof Roof Tow Tower
Rot Rotor (windturbine) Tra Transient
Rr Rear Trd Transducer
Rs Reset Trf Transformer
Rtr Rotor (generator) Trg Trigger
Sdv Standard deviation Tur Turbine
Seq Sequence Un Under
Sev Severity Up Upwards direction (oppo-
site to Down (Dn))
Shf Shaft
Urg Urgent
Sld Structural load
V Voltage
Smk Smoke
VA Apparent power
Smp Sampled
Val Value
Snd Sound
Vals V
...