ISO 19389:2014
(Main)Space data and information transfer systems — Conjunction data message
Space data and information transfer systems — Conjunction data message
ISO 19389:2014 specifies a standard message format for use in exchanging spacecraft conjunction information between originators of Conjunction Assessments (CAs) and satellite owner/operators and other authorized parties. Such exchanges are used to inform satellite owner/operators of conjunctions between objects in space to enable consistent warning by different organizations employing diverse CA techniques. ISO 19389:2014 will: facilitate interoperability and enable consistent warning between data originators who supply CA and the satellite owner/operators who use it; facilitate automation for the CA processes; and provide critical information to enable timely CA decisions. This document includes requirements and criteria that the message format has been designed to meet (see Annex D). Also included are informative descriptions of conjunction information pertinent to performing CA (see Annex E). ISO 19389:2014 is applicable to satellite operations in all environments in which close approaches and collisions among satellites are concerns. It contains the specification for a Conjunction Data Message (CDM) designed for applications involving conjunction information interchange between originators of CAs and recipients. Conjunction information includes data types such as miss distance, probability of collision, Time of Closest Approach (TCA), and closest approach relative position and velocity. Further information describing the conjunction information contained in this message can be found in section 3 and Annex E. This message is suited for exchanges that involve manual or automated interaction. The attributes of a CDM make it suitable for use in machine-to-machine interfaces because of the large amount of data typically present. The CDM is self contained. However, additional information could be specified in an Interface Control Document (ICD) written jointly by the service originator and recipients. It is desirable that CDM originators maintain consistency with respect to the optional keywords provided in their implementations; i.e., it is desirable that the composition of the CDMs provided not change on a frequent basis. ISO 19389:2014 is applicable only to the message format and content, but not to its transmission nor to the algorithms used to produce the data within. The method of transmitting the message between exchange partners is beyond the scope of this document and could be specified in an ICD. The methods used to predict conjunctions and calculate the probability of collision, and the definition of the conjunction assessment accuracy underlying a particular CDM, are also outside the scope of ISO 19389:2014 (the interested reader can consult references in Annex F).
Systèmes de transfert des données et informations spatiales — Message de données de conjonction
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19389
First edition
2014-07-01
Space data and information transfer
systems — Conjunction data message
Systèmes de transfert des données et informations spatiales —
Message de données conjointes
Reference number
ISO 19389:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission.
Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified
during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations
received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an
endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as
well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the
following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
ISO 19389 was prepared by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) (as CCSDS 508.0-B-1,
June 2013) and was adopted (without modifications except those stated in Clause 2 of this International Standard)
by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 13, Space data and information
transfer systems.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19389:2014(E)
Space data and information transfer systems — Conjunction
data message
1 Scope
This Conjunction Data Message (CDM) International Standard specifies a standard message format for use in
exchanging spacecraft conjunction information between originators of Conjunction Assessments (CAs) and
satellite owner/operators and other authorized parties. Such exchanges are used to inform satellite
owner/operators of conjunctions between objects in space to enable consistent warning by different
organizations employing diverse CA techniques.
This International Standard will:
a) facilitate interoperability and enable consistent warning between data originators who supply CA and the
satellite owner/operators who use it;
b) facilitate automation for the CA processes; and
c) provide critical information to enable timely CA decisions.
This document includes requirements and criteria that the message format has been designed to meet (see
Annex D). Also included are informative descriptions of conjunction information pertinent to performing CA
(see Annex E).
This International Standard is applicable to satellite operations in all environments in which close approaches
and collisions among satellites are concerns. It contains the specification for a CDM designed for applications
involving conjunction information interchange between originators of CAs and recipients. Conjunction
information includes data types such as miss distance, probability of collision, Time of Closest Approach
(TCA), and closest approach relative position and velocity. Further information describing the conjunction
information contained in this message can be found in section 3 and Annex E.
This message is suited for exchanges that involve manual or automated interaction. The attributes of a CDM
make it suitable for use in machine-to-machine interfaces because of the large amount of data typically
present. The CDM is self contained. However, additional information could be specified in an Interface Control
Document (ICD) written jointly by the service originator and recipients.
It is desirable that CDM originators maintain consistency with respect to the optional keywords provided in
their implementations; i.e., it is desirable that the composition of the CDMs provided not change on a frequent
basis.
This International Standard is applicable only to the message format and content, but not to its transmission
nor to the algorithms used to produce the data within. The method of transmitting the message between
exchange partners is beyond the scope of this document and could be specified in an ICD.
The methods used to predict conjunctions and calculate the probability of collision, and the definition of the
conjunction assessment accuracy underlying a particular CDM, are also outside the scope of this International
Standard (the interested reader can consult references in Annex F).
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
2 Requirements
Requirements are the technical recommendations made in the following publication (reproduced on the
following pages), which is adopted as an International Standard:
CCSDS 508.0-B-1, June 2013, Conjunction Data Message
For the purposes of international standardization, the modifications outlined below shall apply to the specific
clauses and paragraphs of publication CCSDS 508.0-B-1.
Pages i to vi
This part is information which is relevant to the CCSDS publication only.
Page 1-5
Add the following information to the reference indicated:
[5] Document CCSDS 301.0-B-4, November 2010, is equivalent to ISO 11104:2011.
[6] Document CCSDS 505.0-B-1, December 2010, is equivalent to ISO 17107:2011.
3 Revision of publication CCSDS 508.0-B-1
It has been agreed with the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems that Subcommittee
ISO/TC 20/SC 13 will be consulted in the event of any revision or amendment of publication CCSDS 508.0-B-
1. To this end, NASA will act as a liaison body between CCSDS and ISO.
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
Recommendation for Space Data System Standards
CONJUNCTION
DATA MESSAGE
RECOMMENDED STANDARD
CCSDS 508.0-B-1
BLUE BOOK
June 2013
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
AUTHORITY
Issue: Recommended Standard, Issue 1
Date: June 2013
Location: Washington, DC, USA
This document has been approved for publication by the Management Council of the
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) and represents the consensus
technical agreement of the participating CCSDS Member Agencies. The procedure for
review and authorization of CCSDS documents is detailed in Organization and Processes for
the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS A02.1-Y-3), and the record of
Agency participation in the authorization of this document can be obtained from the CCSDS
Secretariat at the address below.
This document is published and maintained by:
CCSDS Secretariat
Space Communications and Navigation Office, 7L70
Space Operations Mission Directorate
NASA Headquarters
Washington, DC 20546-0001, USA
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page i June 2013
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
STATEMENT OF INTENT
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is an organization officially
established by the management of its members. The Committee meets periodically to address
data systems problems that are common to all participants, and to formulate sound technical
solutions to these problems. Inasmuch as participation in the CCSDS is completely
voluntary, the results of Committee actions are termed Recommended Standards and are
not considered binding on any Agency.
This Recommended Standard is issued by, and represents the consensus of, the CCSDS
members. Endorsement of this Recommendation is entirely voluntary. Endorsement,
however, indicates the following understandings:
o Whenever a member establishes a CCSDS-related standard, this standard will be in
accord with the relevant Recommended Standard. Establishing such a standard
does not preclude other provisions which a member may develop.
o Whenever a member establishes a CCSDS-related standard, that member will
provide other CCSDS members with the following information:
-- The standard itself.
-- The anticipated date of initial operational capability.
-- The anticipated duration of operational service.
o Specific service arrangements shall be made via memoranda of agreement. Neither
this Recommended Standard nor any ensuing standard is a substitute for a
memorandum of agreement.
No later than three years from its date of issuance, this Recommended Standard will be
reviewed by the CCSDS to determine whether it should: (1) remain in effect without change;
(2) be changed to reflect the impact of new technologies, new requirements, or new
directions; or (3) be retired or canceled.
In those instances when a new version of a Recommended Standard is issued, existing
CCSDS-related member standards and implementations are not negated or deemed to be
non-CCSDS compatible. It is the responsibility of each member to determine when such
standards or implementations are to be modified. Each member is, however, strongly
encouraged to direct planning for its new standards and implementations towards the later
version of the Recommended Standard.
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page ii June 2013
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
FOREWORD
This document is a Recommended Standard for Conjunction Data Messages (CDMs) and has
been prepared by the CCSDS. The CDM described in this Recommended Standard is the
baseline concept for conjunction information interchange applications between interested
parties.
This Recommended Standard establishes a common framework and provides a common
basis for the format of conjunction information exchange between originators of conjunction
assessment data and satellite owner/operators. It allows implementing organizations within
each conjunction assessment originator to proceed coherently with the development of
compatible derived standards for the flight and ground systems that are within their
cognizance. Derived Agency standards can implement only a subset of the optional features
allowed by the Recommended Standard and can incorporate features not addressed by this
Recommended Standard.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. CCSDS shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Through the process of normal evolution, it is expected that expansion, deletion, or
modification of this document may occur. This Recommended Standard is therefore subject
to CCSDS document management and change control procedures, which are defined in
Organization and Processes for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems
(CCSDS A02.1-Y-3). Current versions of CCSDS documents are maintained at the CCSDS
Web site:
http://www.ccsds.org/
Questions relating to the contents or status of this document should be addressed to the
CCSDS Secretariat at the address indicated on page i.
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page iii June 2013
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
At time of publication, the active Member and Observer Agencies of the CCSDS were:
Member Agencies
– Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)/Italy.
– Canadian Space Agency (CSA)/Canada.
– Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)/France.
– China National Space Administration (CNSA)/People’s Republic of China.
– Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)/Germany.
– European Space Agency (ESA)/Europe.
– Federal Space Agency (FSA)/Russian Federation.
– Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)/Brazil.
– Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)/Japan.
– National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/USA.
– UK Space Agency/United Kingdom.
Observer Agencies
– Austrian Space Agency (ASA)/Austria.
– Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BFSPO)/Belgium.
– Central Research Institute of Machine Building (TsNIIMash)/Russian Federation.
– China Satellite Launch and Tracking Control General, Beijing Institute of Tracking
and Telecommunications Technology (CLTC/BITTT)/China.
– Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)/China.
– Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST)/China.
– Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)/Australia.
– CSIR Satellite Applications Centre (CSIR)/Republic of South Africa.
– Danish National Space Center (DNSC)/Denmark.
– Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespacial (DCTA)/Brazil.
– European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites
(EUMETSAT)/Europe.
– European Telecommunications Satellite Organization (EUTELSAT)/Europe.
– Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA)/Thailand.
– Hellenic National Space Committee (HNSC)/Greece.
– Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)/India.
– Institute of Space Research (IKI)/Russian Federation.
– KFKI Research Institute for Particle & Nuclear Physics (KFKI)/Hungary.
– Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI)/Korea.
– Ministry of Communications (MOC)/Israel.
– National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)/Japan.
– National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/USA.
– National Space Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan (NSARK)/Kazakhstan.
– National Space Organization (NSPO)/Chinese Taipei.
– Naval Center for Space Technology (NCST)/USA.
– Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)/Turkey.
– Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)/Pakistan.
– Swedish Space Corporation (SSC)/Sweden.
– United States Geological Survey (USGS)/USA.
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page iv June 2013
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document Title Date Status
CCSDS Conjunction Data Message, June 2013 Current issue
508.0-B-1 Recommended Standard, Issue 1
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page v June 2013
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
CONTENTS
Section Page
1 INTRODUCTION . 1-1
1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE . 1-1
1.2 APPLICABILITY . 1-1
1.3 DOCUMENT STRUCTURE . 1-2
1.4 CONVENTIONS AND DEFINITIONS. 1-2
1.5 REFERENCES . 1-4
2 OVERVIEW . 2-1
2.1 GENERAL . 2-1
2.2 CDM BASIC CONTENT . 2-1
3 CDM CONTENT/STRUCTURE IN KVN . 3-1
3.1 GENERAL . 3-1
3.2 CDM HEADER . 3-1
3.3 CDM RELATIVE METADATA/DATA . 3-2
3.4 CDM METADATA . 3-4
3.5 CDM DATA . 3-7
3.6 DISCUSSION—CDM/KVN EXAMPLES . 3-11
4 CDM CONTENT/STRUCTURE IN XML . 4-1
4.1 DISCUSSION—THE CDM/XML SCHEMA . 4-1
4.2 CDM/XML BASIC STRUCTURE . 4-1
4.3 CONSTRUCTING A CDM/XML INSTANCE . 4-2
4.4 DISCUSSION—CDM/XML EXAMPLE . 4-6
5 CDM DATA IN GENERAL . 5-1
5.1 OVERVIEW . 5-1
5.2 RULES THAT APPLY IN KVN AND XML . 5-1
6 CDM SYNTAX . 6-1
6.1 OVERVIEW . 6-1
6.2 COMMON CDM SYNTAX . 6-1
6.3 THE CDM IN KVN . 6-2
6.4 THE CDM IN XML . 6-5
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page vi June 2013
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
CONTENTS (continued)
Section Page
ANNEX A IMPLEMENTATION CONFORMANCE STATEMENT
PROFORMA (NORMATIVE) . A-1
ANNEX B SECURITY, SANA, AND PATENT CONSIDERATIONS
(INFORMATIVE) .B-1
ANNEX C ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS (INFORMATIVE) . C-1
ANNEX D RATIONALE AND REQUIREMENTS FOR CONJUNCTION
DATA MESSAGES (INFORMATIVE) . D-1
ANNEX E CONJUNCTION INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION (INFORMATIVE) .E-1
ANNEX F INFORMATIVE REFERENCES (INFORMATIVE) . F-1
Figure
4-1 CDM XML Basic Structure . 4-1
E-1 Definition of the RTN and TVN Coordinate Frames . E-2
Table
3-1 CDM KVN Header . 3-2
3-2 CDM KVN Relative Metadata/Data . 3-2
3-3 CDM KVN Metadata . 3-4
3-4 CDM KVN Data . 3-8
4-1 Relation of KVN Logical Blocks to Special CDM/XML Tags . 4-5
4-2 Another Special CDM/XML Tag . 4-5
6-1 Example XML Keyword Tags with Specified Units . 6-6
D-1 Primary Requirements . D-2
D-2 Desirable Characteristics . D-4
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page vii June 2013
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
This Conjunction Data Message (CDM) Recommended Standard specifies a standard
message format for use in exchanging spacecraft conjunction information between
originators of Conjunction Assessments (CAs) and satellite owner/operators and other
authorized parties. Such exchanges are used to inform satellite owner/operators of
conjunctions between objects in space to enable consistent warning by different
organizations employing diverse CA techniques.
This Recommended Standard will:
a) facilitate interoperability and enable consistent warning between data originators who
supply CA and the satellite owner/operators who use it;
b) facilitate automation for the CA processes; and
c) provide critical information to enable timely CA decisions.
This document includes requirements and criteria that the message format has been designed
to meet (see annex D). Also included are informative descriptions of conjunction information
pertinent to performing CA (see annex E).
1.2 APPLICABILITY
This Recommended Standard is applicable to satellite operations in all environments in
which close approaches and collisions among satellites are concerns. It contains the
specification for a CDM designed for applications involving conjunction information
interchange between originators of CAs and recipients. Conjunction information includes
data types such as miss distance, probability of collision, Time of Closest Approach (TCA),
and closest approach relative position and velocity. Further information describing the
conjunction information contained in this message can be found in section 3 and annex E.
This message is suited for exchanges that involve manual or automated interaction. The
attributes of a CDM make it suitable for use in machine-to-machine interfaces because of the
large amount of data typically present. The CDM is self contained. However, additional
information could be specified in an Interface Control Document (ICD) written jointly by the
service originator and recipients.
It is desirable that CDM originators maintain consistency with respect to the optional
keywords provided in their implementations; i.e., it is desirable that the composition of the
CDMs provided not change on a frequent basis.
This Recommended Standard is applicable only to the message format and content, but not to
its transmission nor to the algorithms used to produce the data within. The method of
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page 1-1 June 2013
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
transmitting the message between exchange partners is beyond the scope of this document
and could be specified in an ICD.
The methods used to predict conjunctions and calculate the probability of collision, and the
definition of the conjunction assessment accuracy underlying a particular CDM, are also
outside the scope of this Recommended Standard (the interested reader can consult
references in annex F).
1.3 DOCUMENT STRUCTURE
Section 2 provides a brief overview of the CCSDS-recommended CDM.
Section 3 provides details about the structure and content of the CDM in ‘Keyword = Value
Notation’ (KVN).
Section 4 provides details about the structure and content of the CDM in eXtensible Markup
Language (XML).
Section 5 addresses the CDM data in general.
Section 6 discusses the syntax considerations of the CDM.
Annex A contains an Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS) proforma that may be
used by implementers to compactly describe their implementations.
Annex B provides information on security, the Space Assigned Numbers Authority (SANA),
and patent-related information.
Annex C is a list of abbreviations and acronyms applicable to the CDM.
Annex D provides rationale and requirements for the CDM Recommended Standard.
Annex E provides a description of the CA information contained in the CDM.
Annex F provides informative references.
1.4 CONVENTIONS AND DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 NOTATION
1.4.1.1 Unit Notations
The following conventions for unit notations apply throughout this Recommended Standard.
Insofar as possible, an effort has been made to use units that are part of the International
System of Units (SI); units are either SI base units, SI derived units, or units outside the SI
that are accepted for use with the SI (see reference [1]). The units used within this document
are as follows:
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page 1-2 June 2013
---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
– km: kilometers;
– m: meters;
– d: days, 86400 SI seconds;
– s: SI seconds;
– kg: kilograms;
– W: watts;
– %: percent.
1.4.1.2 General
The following notational conventions are used in this document:
a) multiplication of units is denoted with a single asterisk ‘*’ (e.g., ‘kg*s’);
2
b) exponents of units are denoted with a double asterisk ‘**’ (e.g., m = m**2);
c) division of units is denoted with a single forward slash ‘/’ (e.g., m/s).
1.4.2 NOMENCLATURE
1.4.2.1 General
The CDM contains information about a conjunction between two space objects (hereafter
referred to as ‘Object1’ and ‘Object2’).
1.4.2.2 Normative Text
The following conventions apply for the normative specifications in this Recommended
Standard:
a) the words ‘shall’ and ‘must’ imply a binding and verifiable specification;
b) the word ‘should’ implies an optional, but desirable, specification;
c) the word ‘may’ implies an optional specification;
d) the words ‘is’, ‘are’, and ‘will’ imply statements of fact.
NOTE – These conventions do not imply constraints on diction in text that is clearly
informative in nature.
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page 1-3 June 2013
---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR CONJUNCTION DATA MESSAGES
1.4.2.3 Informative Text
In the normative sections of this document (sections 3-6), informative text is set off from the
normative specifications either in notes or under one of the following subsection headings:
– Overview;
– Discussion.
1.4.3 OTHER CONVENTIONS
1.4.3.1 Terminology
In this document, the term ‘ASCII’ is used generically to refer to the text character set
defined in reference [2]. The terms ‘N/A’ and ‘n/a’ are defined to mean ‘not available’ or
‘not applicable’.
1.4.3.2 Orthography
The following terms define orthographic conventions for XML notation in this
Recommended Standard:
CamelCase. A style of capitalization in which the initial characters of concatenated words
are capitalized, as in CamelCase.
lowerCamelCase. A variant of CamelCase in which the first character of a character string
formed from concatenated words is lowercase, as in lowerCamelCase. In the case of a
character string consisting of only a single word, only lowercase characters are used.
1.5 REFERENCES
The following publications contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Recommended Standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All publications are subject to revision, and users of this
Recommended Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
recent editions of the publications indicated below. The CCSDS Secretariat maintains a
register of currently valid CCSDS publications.
[1] The International System of Units (SI). 8th ed. Sèvres, France: BIPM, 2006.
[2] Information Technology—8-Bit Single-Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets—Part 1:
Latin Alphabet No. 1. International Standard, ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998. Geneva: ISO,
1998.
[3] Henry S. Thompson, et al., eds. XML Schema Part 1: Structures. 2nd ed. W3C
Recommendation. N.p.: W3C, October 2004.
CCSDS 508.0-B-1 Page 1-4 June 2013
---------------------- Page: 18 ----------------------
ISO 19389:2014(E)
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.