ISO 23242:2020
(Main)Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for flexural strength of monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by three-point or four-point bending
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for flexural strength of monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by three-point or four-point bending
This document describes a test method for the flexural strength of monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by three-point bending or four-point bending. This document is intended for use with monolithic ceramics and whisker- or particulate-reinforced ceramics which are regarded as macroscopically homogeneous. It does not include continuous-fibre-reinforced ceramics composites. This document is applicable to ceramic thin plates with a thickness from 0,2 mm to 1,0 mm. This document is for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization and reliability data generation.
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d'essai de la résistance en flexion des plaques minces en céramique monolithique à température ambiante en flexion trois ou quatre points
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23242
First edition
2020-02
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) —
Test method for flexural strength
of monolithic ceramic thin plates at
room temperature by three-point or
four-point bending
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d'essai de la résistance en flexion
des plaques minces en céramique monolithique à température
ambiante en flexion trois ou quatre points
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 3
5 Apparatus . 3
5.1 Bend testing machine . 3
5.2 Bend test fixture. 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Bearings . 4
5.2.3 Positioning of bearings . 4
5.2.4 Fixture material . 5
5.3 Calibrated micrometer . 5
5.4 Metallurgical microscope . 5
6 Test piece dimension and preparation. 5
6.1 Shape and dimensions of test piece . 5
6.1.1 Machined specimens . 5
6.1.2 As-fired specimens . 6
6.2 Test piece preparation . 6
6.2.1 General. 6
6.2.2 As-fired . 7
6.2.3 Customary machining procedure . 7
6.2.4 Component-matched procedure . 7
6.2.5 Handling of specimens . . 7
6.2.6 Number of test pieces . 7
7 Test procedure . 7
7.1 Initial dimensions measurement for specimen type identification . 7
7.2 Specimen marking . 7
7.3 Bend test fixture. 8
7.4 Fixture cleaning . 8
7.5 Setting test piece in bend fixture . 8
7.6 Pre-loading . 8
7.7 Protection from fracture fragments . 8
7.8 Crosshead speed . 8
7.9 Application of test force . 9
7.10 Retrieval of broken fragments for successive measurements . 9
7.11 Measurement of test piece thickness and width . 9
7.12 Fractography . 9
8 Calculation .10
8.1 Three-point flexural strength .10
8.2 Four-point flexural strength .11
8.3 Mean and standard deviation .11
9 Test report .11
10 Weibull size scaling .12
Annex A (informative) Chamfer correction factors .13
Bibliography .15
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23242:2020(E)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Test method for flexural strength of
monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by
three-point or four-point bending
1 Scope
This document describes a test method for the flexural strength of monolithic ceramic thin plates at
room temperature by three-point bending or four-point bending.
This document is intended for use with monolithic ceramics and whisker- or particulate-reinforced
ceramics which are regarded as macroscopically homogeneous. It does not include continuous-fibre-
reinforced ceramics composites. This document is applicable to ceramic thin plates with a thickness
from 0,2 mm to 1,0 mm.
This document is for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization
and reliability data generation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1101, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Tolerances of form,
orientation, location and run-out
ISO 3611, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment: Micrometers for
external measurements — Design and metrological characteristics
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 14704:2016, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for
flexural strength of monolithic ceramics at room temperature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
flexural strength
maximum nominal stress at fracture of a specified elastic plate loaded in bending
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23242
First edition
2020-02
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) —
Test method for flexural strength
of monolithic ceramic thin plates at
room temperature by three-point or
four-point bending
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d'essai de la résistance en flexion
des plaques minces en céramique monolithique à température
ambiante en flexion trois ou quatre points
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 3
5 Apparatus . 3
5.1 Bend testing machine . 3
5.2 Bend test fixture. 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Bearings . 4
5.2.3 Positioning of bearings . 4
5.2.4 Fixture material . 5
5.3 Calibrated micrometer . 5
5.4 Metallurgical microscope . 5
6 Test piece dimension and preparation. 5
6.1 Shape and dimensions of test piece . 5
6.1.1 Machined specimens . 5
6.1.2 As-fired specimens . 6
6.2 Test piece preparation . 6
6.2.1 General. 6
6.2.2 As-fired . 7
6.2.3 Customary machining procedure . 7
6.2.4 Component-matched procedure . 7
6.2.5 Handling of specimens . . 7
6.2.6 Number of test pieces . 7
7 Test procedure . 7
7.1 Initial dimensions measurement for specimen type identification . 7
7.2 Specimen marking . 7
7.3 Bend test fixture. 8
7.4 Fixture cleaning . 8
7.5 Setting test piece in bend fixture . 8
7.6 Pre-loading . 8
7.7 Protection from fracture fragments . 8
7.8 Crosshead speed . 8
7.9 Application of test force . 9
7.10 Retrieval of broken fragments for successive measurements . 9
7.11 Measurement of test piece thickness and width . 9
7.12 Fractography . 9
8 Calculation .10
8.1 Three-point flexural strength .10
8.2 Four-point flexural strength .11
8.3 Mean and standard deviation .11
9 Test report .11
10 Weibull size scaling .12
Annex A (informative) Chamfer correction factors .13
Bibliography .15
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23242:2020(E)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Test method for flexural strength of
monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by
three-point or four-point bending
1 Scope
This document describes a test method for the flexural strength of monolithic ceramic thin plates at
room temperature by three-point bending or four-point bending.
This document is intended for use with monolithic ceramics and whisker- or particulate-reinforced
ceramics which are regarded as macroscopically homogeneous. It does not include continuous-fibre-
reinforced ceramics composites. This document is applicable to ceramic thin plates with a thickness
from 0,2 mm to 1,0 mm.
This document is for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization
and reliability data generation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1101, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Tolerances of form,
orientation, location and run-out
ISO 3611, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment: Micrometers for
external measurements — Design and metrological characteristics
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 14704:2016, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for
flexural strength of monolithic ceramics at room temperature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
flexural strength
maximum nominal stress at fracture of a specified elastic plate loaded in bending
...
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