ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839:2019
(Main)Systems and software engineering — System of systems (SoS) considerations in life cycle stages of a system
Systems and software engineering — System of systems (SoS) considerations in life cycle stages of a system
1.1 Purpose This document provides a set of critical system of systems (SoS) considerations to be addressed at key points in the life cycle of the system of interest (SoI). This document refers to considerations that apply to an SoI that is a constituent system that interacts in an SoS. The considerations and life cycle model align with those which are already defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-1. Selected subsets of these considerations can be applied throughout the life of systems through the involvement of stakeholders. The ultimate goal is to achieve customer satisfaction, so that when delivered, the SoI will operate effectively in the operational or business environment which is typically characterized as one or more systems of systems. This document concerns those systems that are man-made and are configured with one or more of the following: hardware, software, humans, procedures and facilities. 1.2 Field of application This document addresses SoS considerations that apply to systems at each stage of their respective life cycles. There is a wide variety of systems in terms of their purpose, domain of application, complexity, size, novelty, adaptability, quantities, locations, life spans and evolution. This document is concerned with describing the system of systems considerations that apply to a system that is the SoI; that is a constituent system within a system of systems. It applies to one-of-a-kind systems, mass produced systems or customized, adaptable systems. 1.3 Limitations This document does not detail the approach to addressing system of systems considerations in terms of methods or procedures. This document does not detail the described documentation in terms of name, format, explicit content and recording media of documentation.
Ingénierie du logiciel et des systèmes — Études du système des systèmes (SdS) dans les étapes du cycle de vie d'un système
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC/
STANDARD IEEE
First edition
2019-07
Systems and software engineering —
System of systems (SoS) considerations
in life cycle stages of a system
Ingénierie du logiciel et des systèmes — Études du système des
systèmes (SdS) dans les étapes du cycle de vie d'un système
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2019
©
IEEE 2019
© ISO/IEC 2019
© IEEE 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 3 Park Avenue, New York
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva NY 10016-5997, USA
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org stds.ipr@ieee.org
www.iso.org www.ieee.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
ii © IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
1.1 Purpose . 1
1.2 Field of application . 1
1.3 Limitations . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Concepts . 3
4.1 System of systems. 3
4.2 Constituent systems . 3
4.3 System life cycle stages . 4
4.4 SoS technical base . 6
5 System of systems considerations in SoI life cycle stages . 6
5.1 SoS considerations in the Concept Stage . 6
5.1.1 General. 6
5.1.2 Concept stage capability considerations . 6
5.1.3 Concept Stage technical considerations . 9
5.1.4 Concept Stage management considerations .11
5.2 Addressing SoS considerations in the development stage .12
5.2.1 General.12
5.2.2 Development stage capability considerations.12
5.2.3 Development stage technical considerations . .15
5.2.4 Development stage management considerations .17
5.3 Addressing SoS considerations during the production stage .19
5.4 Addressing SoS considerations during utilization and support stages .20
5.4.1 General.20
5.4.2 Utilization and support stage capability considerations.20
5.4.3 Utilization and support stage technical considerations . .23
5.4.4 Utilization and support stage management considerations .24
5.5 Addressing SoS considerations in retirement stage .24
Annex A (informative) System of systems technical base .27
Annex B (informative) Example SoS considerations in the life cycle stages of a constituent
system .28
Annex C (informative) Relationship to other standards .30
Bibliography .31
IEEE notices and abstract .32
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
© IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating
Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its
standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards
Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the
final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve without compensation.
While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus
development process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of
the information contained in its standards.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see http: //patents .iec .ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering, in cooperation with the Systems and Software
Engineering Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, under the Partner Standards
Development Organization cooperation agreement between ISO and IEEE.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839 is one of three standards dealing with systems of systems. The relationship among
the three standards is described in Annex C.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
iv © IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839:2019(E)
Systems and software engineering — System of systems
(SoS) considerations in life cycle stages of a system
1 Scope
1.1 Purpose
This document provides a set of critical system of systems (SoS) considerations to be addressed at key
points in the life cycle of the system of interest (SoI). This document refers to considerations that apply
to an SoI that is a constituent system that interacts in an SoS. The considerations and life cycle model
align with those which are already defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-1. Selected
subsets of these considerations can be applied throughout the life of systems through the involvement
of stakeholders. The ultimate goal is to achieve customer satisfaction, so that when delivered, the SoI
will operate effectively in the operational or business environment which is typically characterized as
one or more systems of systems.
This document concerns those systems that are man-made and are configured with one or more of the
following: hardware, software, humans, procedures and facilities.
1.2 Field of application
This document addresses SoS considerations that apply to systems at each stage of their respective
life cycles.
There is a wide variety of systems in terms of their purpose, domain of application, complexity, size,
novelty, adaptability, quantities, locations, life spans and evolution. This document is concerned
with describing the system of systems considerations that apply to a system that is the SoI; that is a
constituent system within a system of systems. It applies to one-of-a-kind systems, mass produced
systems or customized, adaptable systems.
1.3 Limitations
This document does not detail the approach to addressing system of systems considerations in terms of
methods or procedures.
This document does not detail the described documentation in terms of name, format, explicit content
and recording media of documentation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765, Systems and software engineering — Vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765 and the
following apply.
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
© IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved 1
ISO, IEC and IEEE maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www .electropedia .org/
— IEEE Standards Dictionary Online: available at https: //ieeexplore .ieee .org/xpls/dictionary .jsp
3.1.1
constituent system
independent system that forms part of a system of systems (SoS) (3.1.4)
Note 1 to entry: Constituent systems can be part of one
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC/
STANDARD IEEE
First edition
2019-07
Systems and software engineering —
System of systems (SoS) considerations
in life cycle stages of a system
Ingénierie du logiciel et des systèmes — Études du système des
systèmes (SdS) dans les étapes du cycle de vie d'un système
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2019
©
IEEE 2019
© ISO/IEC 2019
© IEEE 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 3 Park Avenue, New York
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva NY 10016-5997, USA
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org stds.ipr@ieee.org
www.iso.org www.ieee.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
ii © IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
1.1 Purpose . 1
1.2 Field of application . 1
1.3 Limitations . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Concepts . 3
4.1 System of systems. 3
4.2 Constituent systems . 3
4.3 System life cycle stages . 4
4.4 SoS technical base . 6
5 System of systems considerations in SoI life cycle stages . 6
5.1 SoS considerations in the Concept Stage . 6
5.1.1 General. 6
5.1.2 Concept stage capability considerations . 6
5.1.3 Concept Stage technical considerations . 9
5.1.4 Concept Stage management considerations .11
5.2 Addressing SoS considerations in the development stage .12
5.2.1 General.12
5.2.2 Development stage capability considerations.12
5.2.3 Development stage technical considerations . .15
5.2.4 Development stage management considerations .17
5.3 Addressing SoS considerations during the production stage .19
5.4 Addressing SoS considerations during utilization and support stages .20
5.4.1 General.20
5.4.2 Utilization and support stage capability considerations.20
5.4.3 Utilization and support stage technical considerations . .23
5.4.4 Utilization and support stage management considerations .24
5.5 Addressing SoS considerations in retirement stage .24
Annex A (informative) System of systems technical base .27
Annex B (informative) Example SoS considerations in the life cycle stages of a constituent
system .28
Annex C (informative) Relationship to other standards .30
Bibliography .31
IEEE notices and abstract .32
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
© IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of
technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also
take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating
Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its
standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards
Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the
final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve without compensation.
While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus
development process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of
the information contained in its standards.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see http: //patents .iec .ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering, in cooperation with the Systems and Software
Engineering Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, under the Partner Standards
Development Organization cooperation agreement between ISO and IEEE.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839 is one of three standards dealing with systems of systems. The relationship among
the three standards is described in Annex C.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
iv © IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC/IEEE 21839:2019(E)
Systems and software engineering — System of systems
(SoS) considerations in life cycle stages of a system
1 Scope
1.1 Purpose
This document provides a set of critical system of systems (SoS) considerations to be addressed at key
points in the life cycle of the system of interest (SoI). This document refers to considerations that apply
to an SoI that is a constituent system that interacts in an SoS. The considerations and life cycle model
align with those which are already defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-1. Selected
subsets of these considerations can be applied throughout the life of systems through the involvement
of stakeholders. The ultimate goal is to achieve customer satisfaction, so that when delivered, the SoI
will operate effectively in the operational or business environment which is typically characterized as
one or more systems of systems.
This document concerns those systems that are man-made and are configured with one or more of the
following: hardware, software, humans, procedures and facilities.
1.2 Field of application
This document addresses SoS considerations that apply to systems at each stage of their respective
life cycles.
There is a wide variety of systems in terms of their purpose, domain of application, complexity, size,
novelty, adaptability, quantities, locations, life spans and evolution. This document is concerned
with describing the system of systems considerations that apply to a system that is the SoI; that is a
constituent system within a system of systems. It applies to one-of-a-kind systems, mass produced
systems or customized, adaptable systems.
1.3 Limitations
This document does not detail the approach to addressing system of systems considerations in terms of
methods or procedures.
This document does not detail the described documentation in terms of name, format, explicit content
and recording media of documentation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765, Systems and software engineering — Vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765 and the
following apply.
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved
© IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved 1
ISO, IEC and IEEE maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www .electropedia .org/
— IEEE Standards Dictionary Online: available at https: //ieeexplore .ieee .org/xpls/dictionary .jsp
3.1.1
constituent system
independent system that forms part of a system of systems (SoS) (3.1.4)
Note 1 to entry: Constituent systems can be part of one
...
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