ISO 8124-2:2007
(Main)Safety of toys — Part 2: Flammability
Safety of toys — Part 2: Flammability
ISO 8124-2:2007 specifies the categories of flammable materials that are prohibited in all toys, and requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a minor source of ignition. The test methods described are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained cannot be considered as providing an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other sources of ignition. ISO 8124-2:2007 includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and methods of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest hazard: toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with similar features; molded and fabric masks; hoods, head-dresses, etc.; flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head, but excluding paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers; toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in a play; toys intended to be entered by a child; soft-filled toys (animals and dolls, etc.) with a piled surface or textile surface.
Sécurité des jouets — Partie 2: Inflammabilité
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8124-2
Second edition
2007-06-15
Safety of toys —
Part 2:
Flammability
Sécurité des jouets —
Partie 2: Inflammabilité
Reference number
ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
©
ISO 2007
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
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ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Requirements . 3
4.1 General (see A.3). 3
4.2 Toys to be worn on the head (see A.4) . 3
4.3 Toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in a play (see A.5). 4
4.4 Toys intended to be entered by a child (see A.6) . 5
4.5 Soft-filled toys (animals and dolls, etc.) with a piled or textile surface . 5
5 Test methods. 5
5.1 General. 5
5.2 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with
similar features (e.g. free-hanging ribbons, paper or cloth strands), which protrude more
than or equal to 50 mm from the surface of the toy. 6
5.3 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with
similar features (e.g. free-hanging ribbons, paper or cloth strands), which protrude less
than 50 mm from the surface of the toy, and full or partial molded head masks . 7
5.4 Test relating to flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head (except those covered by
4.2.2 and 4.2.3), hoods, head-dresses, etc., fabric masks which partially or fully cover the
head, toy disguise costumes, toys intended to be worn by a child in a play and toys
intended to be entered by a child. 7
5.5 Test for soft-filled toys with a maximum dimension of 520 mm. 10
5.6 Test for soft-filled toys with a maximum dimension greater than 520 mm . 10
6 Test report . 12
Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this document . 13
Bibliography . 15
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 8124-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 181, Safety of toys.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8124-2:1994) which has been technically
revised.
ISO 8124 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of toys:
⎯ Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
⎯ Part 2: Flammability
⎯ Part 3: Migration of certain elements
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
Safety of toys —
Part 2:
Flammability
1 Scope
(See A.2)
This part of ISO 8124 specifies the categories of flammable materials that are prohibited in all toys, and
requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a minor source of ignition.
The test methods described in Clause 5 are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys
under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained cannot be considered as providing
an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other sources of ignition.
This part of ISO 8124 includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and
methods of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest
hazard:
⎯ toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with similar
features; molded and fabric masks; hoods, head-dresses, etc.; flowing elements of toys to be worn on the
head, but excluding paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers;
⎯ toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in a play;
⎯ toys intended to be entered by a child;
⎯ soft-filled toys (animals and dolls, etc.) with a piled surface or textile surface.
NOTE 1 Additional requirements for flammability of electric toys are specified in IEC 62115, Electric toys — Safety.
NOTE 2 There are very few accident data concerning the hazards associated with the flammability of toys.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2431:1993, Paints and varnishes — Determination of flow time by use of flow cups
ISO 6941:2003, Textile fabrics — Burning behaviour — Measurement of flame spread properties of vertically
oriented specimens
ISO 8124-1:2000, Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
ISO 8124-1/Amd.1, Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties —
Amendement 1
ISO 8124-1/Amd.2, Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties —
Amendement 2
EN 71-5:1993, Safety of toys — Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Terms defined in this clause
appear in italics throughout this part of ISO 8124.
3.1
flammability
ability of a material or a product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions
3.2
flaming debris
material that becomes detached from the sample during the test procedure and continues to flame as it falls
3.3
hair
slender flexible fibres intended to represent hair (see 4.2)
3.4
soft-filled toys
toy, clothed or unclothed, with primarily soft body surfaces and filled with soft substance(s), allowing
compression of the main part of the toy readily with the hand
See ISO 8124-1.
NOTE Toys with part of their body surfaces made from hard materials, e.g. plastic face, hands or feet, are included.
3.5
surface flash
rapid spread of flame over the surface of a material without ignition of its base structure at the same time
[EN 1103:2005]
3.6
molten drips
falling droplets of molten material
3.7
flammable gases
any substance that is gaseous and flammable at room temperature
3.8
flammable liquids
preparations having a flash point equal to or greater than 21 °C and less than or equal to 55 °C
3.9
highly flammable liquids
preparations having a flash point below 21 °C
3.10
highly flammable solids
solids that readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of ignition and that continue to burn or to be
consumed after removal of the ignition source
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
4 Requirements
4.1 General (see A.3)
The following materials shall not be used in the manufacture of toys.
⎯ Celluloid (cellulose nitrate), except when used in varnish, paint or glue, or in balls of the type used for
table tennis or similar games, and materials with the same behaviour in fire as celluloid. Specific materials
to which the test flame is applied in order to check compliance of the toy with requirements in 4.2 to 4.5
are considered to comply with this requirement if the toy meets its appropriate requirements in 4.2 to 4.5.
⎯ Materials with a piled surface which produce surface flash on the approach of a flame. Piled surfaces
showing no momentary area of flame over the area of the piled surface remote from the test flame are
considered to meet this requirement.
⎯ Highly flammable solids.
In addition, toys shall not contain flammable gases, highly flammable liquids, flammable liquids, flammable
gels except as provided for below.
⎯ Flammable liquids, flammable gels and preparations supplied in sealed containers having a maximum
volume of 15 ml per container.
⎯ Highly flammable liquids and flammable liquids being entirely retained within a porous material in capillary
channels of writing instruments.
−6 2
⎯ Flammable liquids with a viscosity greater than 260 × 10 m /s corresponding to a flow time of more than
38 s when determined in accordance with ISO 2431:1993 using cup No. 6.
⎯ Highly flammable liquids contained in toys covered in EN 71-5.
4.2 Toys to be worn on the head (see A.4)
4.2.1 General
The requirements of 4.2 apply to:
⎯ beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with similar features;
⎯ molded and fabric masks;
⎯ hoods, head-dresses, etc.;
⎯ flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head;
but not to paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers (see A.4).
When a product incorporates several features, for example a hat with an attached mask and hair, each part
shall be tested separately to the applicable sub-clause relevant to that particular part of the toy.
Attachments made from elastic or string which are used for the purpose of securing a mask, hat, etc., on the
head shall not be tested.
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
4.2.2 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with similar features
(e.g. free-hanging ribbons, paper or cloth strands), which protrude more than or equal to 50 mm from
the surface of the toy
These materials may or may not be attached to masks, hats or other products worn on the head.
When determining whether materials are required to be tested under 4.2.2, the distance by which the material
protrudes shall be measured without applying tension to the protruding part, e.g. curly hair is not straightened.
Plaits or braided hair shall be fully released and combed, where possible, before testing.
When tested in accordance with 5.2, the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal of the
test flame.
In addition, if ignition occurs, the maximum burnt length of hair, pile, or material with similar features shall be:
a) not more than 50 % of the greatest initial length, when the initial length was 150 mm or more;
b) not more than 75 % of the greatest initial length, when the initial length was less than 150 mm
4.2.3 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from hair, pile or material with similar features
(e.g. free-hanging ribbons, paper or cloth strands), which protrude less than 50 mm from the surface
of the toy
These materials may or may not be attached to masks, hats or other products worn on the head.
When tested in accordance with 5.3, the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal of the
test flame, and the maximum distance between the upper edge of the burnt area and the point of application
of the test flame shall not be more than 70 mm.
4.2.4 Full or partial molded head masks
When tested in accordance with 5.3, the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal of the
test flame. The maximum distance between the upper edge of the burnt area and the point of application of
the test flame shall not be more than 70 mm. Cardboard partial masks with no hair, pile or other attachments
(other than those for securing the toys) are excluded.
4.2.5 Flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head
These include hoods, head-dresses, etc., and fabric masks which partially or fully cover the head, but exclude
those items covered by 4.3.
When tested in accordance with 5.4, the rate of spread of flame of the material shall not exceed 10 mm/s or
shall self-extinguish before the second marker thread is severed.
This requirement does not apply if it is not possible to obtain the test sample from a single toy.
4.3 Toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in a play (see A.5)
These include e.g. cowboy suits, nurses' outfits, etc., and long flowing capes, etc., not attached to headwear
covered by 4.2.5.
When tested in accordance with 5.4, the rate of spread of flame shall not exceed 30 mm/s or shall self-
extinguish before the second marker thread is severed.
If the rate of spread of flame is between 10 mm/s and 30 mm/s, both the toy and the packaging shall be
permanently marked with the following warning: “Warning! Keep away from fire”. (See ISO 8124-1:2000,
C.2.1, for guidance).
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ISO 8124-2:2007(E)
The requirements of this clause do not apply if it is not possible to obtain the test sample from a single toy.
If the costume is intended to be reversible and the material has non-identical surfaces, both sides shall be
tested.
4.4 Toys intended to be entered by a child (see A.6)
These are toys that at least partially enclose a child and include e.g. toy tents, wigwams and play tunnels, but
do not include open canopies. The requirements apply to toys made of flexible materials such as fabric and
vinyl. They do not apply to rigid materials.
If the material has non-identical surfaces, both sides shall be tested.
When tested in accordance with 5.4, the rate of spread of flame shall not exceed 30 mm/s or shall self-
extinguish before the second marker thread is severed.
When tested in accordance with 5.4, if the sample has a rate of spread of flame greater than 20 mm/s, there
shall be no flaming debris or molten drips.
If the rate of spread of flame is between 10 mm/s and 30 mm/s, both the toy and the packaging shall be
permanently marked with the following warning: “Warning! Keep away from fire”. (See ISO 8124-1:2000,
C.2.1, for guidance).
The requirements of this clause do not apply if it is not possible to obtain the test sample from a single toy.
4.5 Soft-filled toys (animals and dolls, etc.) with a piled or textile surface
4.5.1 General
The requirements of this clause do not apply to toys with a maximum dimension of 150 mm or less. A toy shall
be tested as supplied, including any clothing presen
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