ISO 8124-10:2019
(Main)Safety of toys — Part 10: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
Safety of toys — Part 10: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
This document specifies requirements for the maximum amount and, in some cases, the maximum concentration of certain substances and mixtures used in experimental sets for chemistry and related activities. These substances and mixtures are: — those classified as dangerous by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)[1]; — substances and mixtures which in excessive amounts could harm the health of the children using them and which are not classified as dangerous by the GHS; and — any other chemical substance(s) and mixture(s) delivered with the experimental set. This document applies to experimental sets for chemistry and related activities, including crystal-growing sets, carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets and supplementary sets. It also covers sets for chemical experiments within the fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and environmental science, whenever they contain one or more chemical substances and/or mixtures which are classified as hazardous according to the GHS[1]. This document also specifies requirements for marking, a contents list, instructions for use, eye protection and the equipment intended for carrying out the experiments. Requirements for certain other chemical toys are given in ISO 8124-11.
Sécurité des jouets — Partie 10: Coffrets d'expériences chimiques et activités connexes
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8124-10
First edition
2019-05
Safety of toys —
Part 10:
Experimental sets for chemistry and
related activities
Sécurité des jouets —
Partie 10: Coffrets d'expériences chimiques et activités connexes
Reference number
ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
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© ISO 2019
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Chemical substances in experimental sets . 2
4.1 Chemistry sets . 3
4.2 Crystal-growing sets . 7
4.3 Carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets . 9
5 Equipment .10
5.1 General requirements .10
5.2 Containers and glassware .11
5.2.1 Test tubes .11
5.2.2 Other glassware .11
5.2.3 Containers for reagents, substances and mixtures .11
5.2.4 Packaging and closures .12
5.2.5 Empty containers .13
5.2.6 Test method for borosilicate glass .13
5.3 Equipment for the transfer of liquid .14
5.4 Test tube stand and test tube holder .14
5.5 Eye protection .14
6 Marking .15
6.1 General requirements .15
6.2 Marking of individual containers, packaging and glassware .15
6.3 Marking of the primary packaging.15
6.3.1 Manufacturer or importer .15
6.3.2 Additional warnings . . .15
6.3.3 Supplementary sets .16
7 Contents list with warnings and first aid information .16
8 Instructions for use .16
8.1 General instructions .17
8.2 Advice for supervising adults .17
8.3 Safety rules .18
8.3.1 Chemistry sets .18
8.3.2 Crystal-growing sets .18
8.3.3 Carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets .19
Annex A (normative) Test methods for closures of reagent containers .21
Annex B (informative) Rationale .22
Annex C (informative) Environmental considerations .23
Bibliography .24
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 181, Safety of toys.
A list of all parts in the ISO 8124 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Introduction
This document is intended to reduce the risks and health hazards to children when experimental sets
involving chemical experiments are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the
behaviour of children.
During use of these experimental sets, hazards should be kept to a minimum by the provision of
appropriate information to make the experiments safe and controllable. Therefore, this document
specifies warning phrases and instructions for use with experimental sets.
As a general rule, experimental sets are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children.
Their characteristics are related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use
presupposes certain aptitudes. Age requirements are therefore given.
The requirements of this document do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over a child while he or she is carrying out experiments. On the contrary, the use of these sets
requires close supervision by adults.
Products covered by this document may be subject to legal requirements specific to the jurisdiction
in which they are sold and conformity with the requirements in this document cannot be relied on to
ensure compliance with those requirements.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Safety of toys —
Part 10:
Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the maximum amount and, in some cases, the maximum
concentration of certain substances and mixtures used in experimental sets for chemistry and related
activities.
These substances and mixtures are:
— those classified as dangerous by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of
[1]
Chemicals (GHS) ;
— substances and mixtures which in excessive amounts could harm the health of the children using
them and which are not classified as dangerous by the GHS; and
— any other chemical substance(s) and mixture(s) delivered with the experimental set.
This document applies to experimental sets for chemistry and related activities, including crystal-
growing sets, carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets and supplementary sets. It also covers
sets for chemical experiments within the fields of mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and
environmental science, whenever they contain one or more chemical substances and/or mixtures
[1]
which are classified as hazardous according to the GHS .
This document also specifies requirements for marking, a contents list, instructions for use, eye
protection and the equipment intended for carrying out the experiments.
Requirements for certain other chemical toys are given in ISO 8124-11.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 48-4, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness — Part 4: Indentation
hardness by durometer method (Shore hardness)
ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness)
ISO 8124-1, Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
ISO 8124-11, Safety of toys — Part 11: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging — Requirements and testing procedures for reclosable packages
EN 862, Packaging — Child-resistant packaging — Requirements and testing procedures for non-reclosable
packages for non-pharmaceutical products
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
chemical toy
toy intended for the direct handling of chemical substances and mixtures and which is used in a manner
appropriate to a given age-group and under the supervision of an adult
[SOURCE: ISO 8124-2:2014, 3.1]
3.2
experimental set
chemical toy (3.1) in which the experimental and explorative character in playing with single chemical
substances and mixtures is guided by strict instructions that dominate over the creative ideas of the user
3.3
chemistry set
experimental set (3.2) consisting of one or more chemical substances and/or mixtures with or without
equipment intended for carrying out chemical experiments
Note 1 to entry: The definition also covers experimental sets for chemical experiments within the fields of
mineralogy, biology, physics, microscopy and environmental sciences whenever they contain one or more
chemical substances and/or mixtures which are classified as hazardous according to the GHS, excluding crystal-
growing sets and carbon-dioxide-generating experimental sets.
3.4
crystal-growing set
experimental set (3.2) consisting of one or more chemical substances for growing crystals without any
reaction between the supplied substances
Note 1 to entry: A crystal-growing set is used to grow crystals of different substances in aqueous solutions.
The crystals can be grown on different materials (e.g. stones or gypsum) and can be coloured in different ways
(e.g. with food colours). The expanding nature of the growing crystal is not subject to requirements within
ISO 8124-1 for expanding materials as the expansion is not related to the absorption of water in the crystal, and
the expansion usually takes place over a long period of time (several days or weeks).
3.5
carbon-dioxide-generating experimental set
experimental set (3.2) consisting mainly of a carbon-dioxide-donor substance or mixture and a carbon-
dioxide-liberating substance or mixture which after combination generate carbon dioxide in the
presence of water in an open system without any gas-tight restriction or confinement
Note 1 to entry: The set is used to carry out and observe chemical reactions where there is no intention to
generate carbon dioxide in order to demonstrate speed, velocity or noise.
3.6
supplementary set
incomplete experimental set (3.2) which is intended to be used with a complete experimental set
4 Chemical substances in experimental sets
See B.1.
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
4.1 Chemistry sets
Only the chemical substances, mixtures and indicators given in Table 1 and Table 2 may be supplied
in chemistry sets or in a supplementary set for a chemistry set up to the amounts and concentrations
specified in those tables.
The quality of the chemicals used should be appropriate for the experiments described. In particular,
the chemicals should not contain impurities or substances that allow undefined or dangerous reactions
to occur.
Apart from its presence in tincture of iodine, denatured alcohol (ethanol) shall not be supplied in a
chemistry set. However, where experiments contained in the instructions of a chemistry set require it,
the use of denatured alcohol may be suggested in the instructions.
The use of reagents listed in Table 3 may be suggested in the instructions at concentrations not
exceeding those specified in this table. The substances specified in Table 3 shall not be supplied in a
chemistry set.
The instructions for use may suggest the use of other substances that are not classified as dangerous
[1] [1]
substances (e.g. sucrose or table sugar) or mixtures that are not classified as dangerous mixtures .
Other dangerous substances shall not be supplied with the set.
The substances and mixtures in a chemistry set or in a supplementary set of a chemistry set shall be
supplied in containers which are provided with closures (see 5.2.4.1).
NOTE 1 Samples of rocks, stones and minerals on which to perform experiments in order to distinguish their
composition are sometimes supplied with the set.
Colourants and colouring materials which are not specified in Table 2 may only be supplied in chemistry
sets if they do not react with the substances and mixtures of the set and if they do not fulfil the criteria
of any of the following hazard classes:
— “acute toxicity” (hazard class 3.1),
— “skin corrosion/irritation” (hazard class 3.2),
— “serious eye damage/eye irritation” (hazard class 3.3),
— “respiratory or skin sensitisation” (hazard class 3.4),
— “germ cell mutagenicity” (hazard class 3.5),
— “carcinogenicity” (hazard class 3.6),
— “reproductive toxicity” (hazard class 3.7),
— “specific target organ toxicity — single exposure” (hazard class 3.8),
— “specific target organ toxicity — repeated exposure” (hazard class 3.9),
— “aspiration hazard” (hazard class 3.10).
Colourants which are permitted for use in food or cosmetics may be provided.
NOTE 2 The classification is detailed in the GHS (Part 3: Health Hazards).
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Table 1 — Maximum amounts of chemical substances and mixtures for chemistry sets and
labelling
Chemical Max. GHS picto- Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX
substance/mixture amount grams (see word ber number number
per set Figure 1)
Aluminium potassium sulfate 10 g — — 10043– 233–141–3 —
67–1
Ammonium carbonate 5 g GHS07 Warning 10361– 233–786–0 —
29–2
Ammonium chloride 30 g GHS07 Warning 12125– 235–186–4 017–014–
02–9 00–8
Ammonium iron (III) sulfate 5 g GHS07 Warning 10138– 233–382–4 —
04–2
Ammonium sodium hydrogen 5 g — — 13011– 235–860–8 —
phosphate 54–6
Calcium carbonate 100 g GHS07 Warning 471–34–1 207–439–9 —
Calcium chloride 10 g GHS07 Warning 10043– 233–140–8 017–013–
52–4 00–2
a
Calcium hydroxide 20 g GHS05 Danger 1305– 215–137–3 —
62–0
Calcium nitrate 5 g GHS03, GHS07 Warning 10124– 233–332–1 —
37–5
a
Calcium oxide 10 g GHS05 Danger 1305– 215–138–9 —
78–8
Calcium sulfate 100 g — — 7778– 231–900–3 —
18–9
b
Charcoal 100 g — — 7440– 231–153–3 —
44–0
Citric acid 20 g GHS07 Warning 77–92–9 201–069–1 —
Copper sheet 100 g — — 7440– 231–159–6 —
50–8
Copper (II) oxide 10 g GHS07 Warning 1317–38– 215–269–1 —
0
Copper (II) sulfate 15 g GHS07, GHS09 Warning 7758– 231–847–6 029–004–
98–7 00–0
Disodium disulfite 10 g GHS05, GHS07 Danger 7681– 231–673–0 016–063–
57–4 00–2
Glycerol (containing at least 25 g — — 56–81–5 200–289–5 —
15 % water)
b
Hexamethylene-tetramine 10 g GHS02, GHS07 Warning 100–97–0 202–905–8 612–101–
(solid fuel) 00–2
b
Iron fillings/iron powder 100 g GHS02 Warning 7439– 231–096–4 —
89–6
Iron (III) chloride 10 g GHS05, GHS07 Danger 7705– 231–729–4 —
08–0
If not mentioned otherwise, the maximum amounts of the solid substances in Table 1 refer to the anhydrous chemicals.
Equivalent amounts of the hydrated chemicals may replace the anhydrous substances.
a
Only one of these substances shall be provided in each set.
b
Generally, IUPAC chemical nomenclature is used with the exception of these substances.
c
Only to be provided in chemistry sets intended for children over 12 years of age.
d
Denatured alcohol (ethanol).
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Chemical Max. GHS picto- Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX
substance/mixture amount grams (see word ber number number
per set Figure 1)
Iron (II) sulfate 10 g GHS07 Warning 7720– 231–753–5 026–003–
78–7 00–7
Lactose 100 g — — 63–42–3 200–559–2 —
Lead-free solder 100 g — — — — —
Magnesium strip 3 g GHS02 Warning — — —
Magnesium sulfate 25 g — — 7487– 231–298–2 —
88–9
Manganese (IV) oxide 5 g GHS07 Warning 1313– 215–202–6 025–001–
13–9 00–3
Manganese (II) sulfate 15 g GHS08, GHS09 Warning 7785– 232–089–9 025–003–
87–7 00–4
Ninhydrin 1 g GHS07 Warning 485–47–2 207–618–1 —
Pepsin A 10 g GHS07, GHS08 Danger 9001–75– 232–629–3 647–008–
6 00–6
Potassium bromide 15 g GHS07 Warning 7758– 231–830–3 —
02–3
Potassium hexacyanoferrate 10 g — — 13746– 237–323–3 —
b
(III) 66–2
Potassium hexacyanoferrate 10 g — — 13943– 237–722–2 —
b
(II) 58–3
Potassium iodide 10 g — — 7681–11–0 231–659–4 —
c
Potassium permanganate 15 g GHS03, GHS07, Danger 7722– 231–760–3 025–002–
GHS09 64–7 00–9
Potassium permanganate: sodi- 10 g GHS03, GHS07, Danger — — —
um sulfate mixture (1:2) (mass GHS09
fraction)
Silver nitrate 10 ml GHS07, GHS09 Warning 7761–88– 231–853–9 047–001–
(0,01 g/ml mass concentration 8 00–2
aqueous solution)
Sodium acetate 20 g — — 127–09–3 204–823–8 —
Sodium carbonate 50 g GHS07 Warning 497–19–8 207–838–8 011–005–
00–2
Sodium chloride 100 g — — 7647–14–5 231–598–3 —
Sodium hydrogen carbonate 50 g — — 144–55–8 205–633–8 —
Sodium hydrogen sulfate 30 g GHS05 Danger 7681– 231–665–7 016–046–
38–1 00-X
Sodium silicate solution 100 ml GHS05 Danger — — —
(SiO : Na O > 2)
2 2
Sodium sulfate 100 g — — 7757– 231–820–9 —
82–6
Sodium thiosulfate 50 g — — 7772– 231–867–5 —
98–7
If not mentioned otherwise, the maximum amounts of the solid substances in Table 1 refer to the anhydrous chemicals.
Equivalent amounts of the hydrated chemicals may replace the anhydrous substances.
a
Only one of these substances shall be provided in each set.
b
Generally, IUPAC chemical nomenclature is used with the exception of these substances.
c
Only to be provided in chemistry sets intended for children over 12 years of age.
d
Denatured alcohol (ethanol).
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Chemical Max. GHS picto- Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX
substance/mixture amount grams (see word ber number number
per set Figure 1)
Sulfur 15 g GHS07 Warning 7704– 231–722–6 016–094–
34–9 00–1
Tannin 15 g — — 1401–55– 215–753–2 —
4
Tartaric acid 20 g GHS07 Warning 87–69–4 201–766–0 —
Tin (II) chloride 15 g GHS07 Warning 7772– 231–868–0 —
99–8
b
Tincture of iodine 10 ml GHS02, Danger 7553– 231–442–4 053–001–
(0,025 g/ml mass concentra- 56–2 003
d
tion ethanolic solution)
b
Urea 10 g — — 57–13–6 200–315–5 —
Zinc powder (stabilized)/zinc 20 g GHS09 Warning 7440– 231–175–3 030–001–
pellets 66–6 01–9
Zinc sulfate 20 g GHS05, GHS07, Danger 7446– 231–793–3 —
(heptahydrate) GHS09 20–0
If not mentioned otherwise, the maximum amounts of the solid substances in Table 1 refer to the anhydrous chemicals.
Equivalent amounts of the hydrated chemicals may replace the anhydrous substances.
a
Only one of these substances shall be provided in each set.
b
Generally, IUPAC chemical nomenclature is used with the exception of these substances.
c
Only to be provided in chemistry sets intended for children over 12 years of age.
d
Denatured alcohol (ethanol).
If indicators are supplied in solution, their solid contents shall not exceed the amounts and
concentrations specified in Table 2.
NOTE 3 Non-bleeding indicators in books, pads or rolls are not of toxicological concern and are sometimes
supplied without any quantity limitations for the relevant indicator(s).
Table 2 — Maximum amounts and concentrations of indicators for chemistry sets and labelling
Chemical substance/mixture Max. GHS picto- Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX
amount grams word ber number number
per set (see Figure 1)
17372–
Eosin 1 g GHS07 Warning 241–409–6 —
87–1
Iodine [0,025 g/ml mass con-
centration in an aqueous solu- 053–001–
10 ml — — 7553–56–2 231–442–4
tion (0,025 g/ml mass concen- 00–3
tration) of potassium iodide]
Litmus blue 1 g — — — — —
Litmus red 1 g — — 1393–92–6 215–739–6 —
Luminol [5 % (mass fraction) —
3 g — — 521–31–3 208–309–4
mixture with sodium sulfate]
Methyl orange [15 % (mass —
fraction) mixture with sodium 3 g GHS07 Warning 547–58–0 208–925–3
sulfate]
Methylene blue 1 g GHS07 Warning 61–73–4 200–515–2 —
If not mentioned otherwise, the maximum amounts of the solid substances in Table 2 refer to the anhydrous chemicals.
Equivalent amounts of the hydrated chemicals may replace the anhydrous substances.
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
Table 2 (continued)
Chemical substance/mixture Max. GHS picto- Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX
amount grams word ber number number
per set (see Figure 1)
Phenol red 1 g GHS07 Warning 143–74–8 205–609–7 —
Thymol blue 1 g — — 76–61–9 200–973–3 —
Bleeding universal indicator — — — — —
1 pad
paper
If not mentioned otherwise, the maximum amounts of the solid substances in Table 2 refer to the anhydrous chemicals.
Equivalent amounts of the hydrated chemicals may replace the anhydrous substances.
Table 3 — Maximum concentration of reagents not supplied with the chemistry set and
labelling
Reagent Maximum con- GHS pictograms Signal CAS num- EINECS INDEX num-
centration (see Figure 1) word ber number ber
mol/l
Ammonia solution 2 GHS07 Warning 1336–21–6 215–647–6 007–001–01–2
Hydrochloric acid 2 GHS07 Warning 7647–01–0 231–595–7 017–002–01-X
a
Hydrogen peroxide 008–003–
1 — — 7722–84–1 231–765–0
00–9
Sodium hydroxide 011–002–
1 GHS05 Danger 1310–73–2 215–185–5
solution 00–6
Additional units (e.g. percentage) may also be used, for example, on the packaging or the instructions for use.
a
The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is equivalent to a 3 % (volume fraction) solution.
a) GHS02 b) GHS03 c) GHS05
d) GHS07 e) GHS08 f) GHS09
[1] [1]
NOTE These pictograms are taken from the GHS . Refer to the GHS for their dimensional and colour
characteristics.
Figure 1 — GHS pictograms
4.2 Crystal-growing sets
See B.2.
Only the chemical substances given in Table 4 may be supplied in crystal-growing sets or in a
supplementary set for a crystal-growing set up to the amounts specified in the table.
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ISO 8124-10:2019(E)
A crystal-growing set shall only contain substances which cannot react with each other.
The quality of the chemicals used in crystal-growing sets should be appropriate for the experiments
described; in particular, the chemicals should not contain impurities or substances which allow
undefined or dangerous reactions to occur.
The substances and mixtures in a crystal-growing set or in a supplementary set for a crystal-growing
set shall be supplied in child-resistant packaging (see 5.2.4.2).
Only colourants and colouring materials which do not fulfil the criteria of any of the following hazard
classes shall be supplied in crystal-growing sets. Colourants which are permitted for use in food or
cosmetics may be provided.
— “acute toxici
...
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