ISO/IEC 15444-16:2025
(Main)Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system — Part 16: Enhanced encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system — Part 16: Enhanced encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
This document specifies the encapsulation of codestreams specified in the JPEG 2000 family of Recommendations | International Standards into file formats derived from ISO/IEC 14496-12, including the file format specified in ISO/IEC 23008-12.
Titre manque — Partie 16: Titre manque
General Information
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Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
International
Standard
ISO/IEC 15444-16
Third edition
Information technology — JPEG
2025-08
2000 image coding system —
Part 16:
Enhanced encapsulation of JPEG
2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)
form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental,
in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in
the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
document should be noted.
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may
not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related
to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO)
principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see
www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by ITU-T (as ITU-T T.815) and drafted in accordance with its editorial rules, in
collaboration with Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding
of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 15444-16:2021), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— adds more flexible signalling of colour information;
— explicitly specifies the encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12;
— defines the structures necessary to implement JPEG 2000 video tracks.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 15444-16 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete
listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and www.iec.ch/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
CONTENTS
Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards . 1
2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content . 1
2.3 Additional references . 1
3 Definitions . 1
3.1 Terms defined elsewhere. 1
3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation | International Standard . 1
4 Abbreviations . 2
5 Conventions . 2
6 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images and image collections . 2
6.1 General . 2
6.2 JPEG 2000 coded image item . 2
6.3 JPEG 2000 header item property . 3
6.4 JPEG 2000 layers box . 4
6.5 File conformance . 5
6.5 Reader conformance . 5
6.6 Media type . 5
6.7 Media type registration . 5
7 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 image sequences in ISO/IEC 23008-12 . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 JPEG 2000 image sequence . 6
7.3 JPEG 2000 visual sample entry . 6
7.4 JPEG 2000 prefix . 7
7.5 JPEG 2000 header info. 7
7.6 File conformance . 7
7.7 Reader conformance . 7
7.8 Media type . 7
7.8 Media type registration . 8
8 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 video media in ISO/IEC 14496-12 . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 JPEG 2000 video media . 9
8.3 File conformance . 9
8.4 Reader conformance . 9
8.5 Media type . 9
9 Encapsulation of Rec. ITU-T T.802 | ISO/IEC 15444-3 image sequences (informative) . 9
10 Common conformance . 9
10.1 Reader conformance . 9
10.2 File conformance . 10
Bibliography . 11
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ITU-T RECOMMENDATION
Information technology – JPEG 2000 image coding system: Enhanced
encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
1 Scope
This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the encapsulation of codestreams specified in the JPEG 2000
family of Recommendations | International Standards into file formats derived from ISO/IEC 14496-12, including the file
format specified in ISO/IEC 23008-12.
2 Normative references
The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. At the time of
publication, the editions indicated in dated references were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate
the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC
and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of
the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations.
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards
– Recommendation ITU-T T.800 (in force) | ISO/IEC 15444-1 (in force), Information technology – JPEG
2000 image coding system: Core coding system.
– Recommendation ITU-T T.801 (in force) | ISO/IEC 15444-2 (in force), Information technology – JPEG
2000 image coding system: Extensions.
2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content
None.
2.3 Additional references
– ISO/IEC 14496-12 (in force), Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO
base media file format.
– ISO/IEC 23008-12 (in force), Information technology – High efficiency coding and media delivery in
heterogeneous environments – Part 12: Image file format.
3 Definitions
3.1 Terms defined elsewhere
This Recommendation | International Standard uses the following terms defined elsewhere:
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the definitions given in ISO/IEC 23008-12, ISO/IEC
14496-12, Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1 and Rec. ITU-T T.801 | ISO/IEC 15444-2 apply. ITU, ISO and IEC
maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
– ITU terminology database: https://www.itu.int/go/terms
– ISO online browsing platform: https://www.iso.org/obp
– IEC Electropedia: http://www.electropedia.org/
3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation | International Standard
This Recommendation | International Standard defines the following term:
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
3.2.1 JPEG 2000 codestream: Sequence of bits between, and including, the start of codestream marker and end of
codestream marker.
NOTE 1 – The general structure of the JPEG 2000 codestream is specified in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1, with other
parts of the JPEG 2000 family of Recommendations | International Standards extending and constraining this structure.
NOTE 2 – The start of codestream marker and end of codestream marker are defined in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1.
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following abbreviations apply:
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
5 Conventions
The syntax of boxes specified by this Recommendation | International Standard follows the conventions specified in
ISO/IEC 14496-12.
6 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images and image collections
6.1 General
This clause specifies the encapsulation of individual JPEG 2000 codestreams as individual images, image collections,
image sequences, and as video tracks, as specified in ISO/IEC 14496-12 and ISO/IEC 23008-12.
6.2 JPEG 2000 coded image item
A JPEG 2000 coded image item is a coded image item, as defined in ISO/IEC 23008-12, with type 'j2k1' that conforms
to the provisions of this subclause.
The body of the coded image item shall be exactly one Contiguous Codestream box as specified in Rec. ITU-T T.800 |
ISO/IEC 15444-1.
NOTE 1 – The processing of JPEG 2000 codestream contained in the Contiguous Codestream box can require capabilities not
defined in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1, including those specified in Rec. ITU-T T.814 | IS
...
International
Standard
ISO/IEC 15444-16
Third edition
Information technology — JPEG
2000 image coding system —
Part 16:
Enhanced encapsulation of JPEG
2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)
form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental,
in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in
the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
document should be noted.
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may
not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related
to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO)
principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see
www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by ITU-T (as ITU-T T.815) and drafted in accordance with its editorial rules, in
collaboration with Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding
of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 15444-16:2021), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— adds more flexible signalling of colour information;
— explicitly specifies the encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12;
— defines the structures necessary to implement JPEG 2000 video tracks.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 15444-16 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete
listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and www.iec.ch/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
CONTENTS
Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards . 1
2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content . 1
2.3 Additional references . 1
3 Definitions . 1
3.1 Terms defined elsewhere. 1
3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation | International Standard . 1
4 Abbreviations . 2
5 Conventions . 2
6 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images and image collections . 2
6.1 General . 2
6.2 JPEG 2000 coded image item . 2
6.3 JPEG 2000 header item property . 3
6.4 JPEG 2000 layers box . 4
6.5 File conformance . 5
6.5 Reader conformance . 5
6.6 Media type . 5
6.7 Media type registration . 5
7 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 image sequences in ISO/IEC 23008-12 . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 JPEG 2000 image sequence . 6
7.3 JPEG 2000 visual sample entry . 6
7.4 JPEG 2000 prefix . 7
7.5 JPEG 2000 header info. 7
7.6 File conformance . 7
7.7 Reader conformance . 7
7.8 Media type . 7
7.8 Media type registration . 8
8 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 video media in ISO/IEC 14496-12 . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 JPEG 2000 video media . 9
8.3 File conformance . 9
8.4 Reader conformance . 9
8.5 Media type . 9
9 Encapsulation of Rec. ITU-T T.802 | ISO/IEC 15444-3 image sequences (informative) . 9
10 Common conformance . 9
10.1 Reader conformance . 9
10.2 File conformance . 10
Bibliography . 11
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ITU-T RECOMMENDATION
Information technology – JPEG 2000 image coding system: Enhanced
encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images into ISO/IEC 14496-12
1 Scope
This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the encapsulation of codestreams specified in the JPEG 2000
family of Recommendations | International Standards into file formats derived from ISO/IEC 14496-12, including the file
format specified in ISO/IEC 23008-12.
2 Normative references
The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. At the time of
publication, the editions indicated in dated references were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate
the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC
and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of
the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations.
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards
– Recommendation ITU-T T.800 (in force) | ISO/IEC 15444-1 (in force), Information technology – JPEG
2000 image coding system: Core coding system.
– Recommendation ITU-T T.801 (in force) | ISO/IEC 15444-2 (in force), Information technology – JPEG
2000 image coding system: Extensions.
2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content
None.
2.3 Additional references
– ISO/IEC 14496-12 (in force), Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO
base media file format.
– ISO/IEC 23008-12 (in force), Information technology – High efficiency coding and media delivery in
heterogeneous environments – Part 12: Image file format.
3 Definitions
3.1 Terms defined elsewhere
This Recommendation | International Standard uses the following terms defined elsewhere:
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the definitions given in ISO/IEC 23008-12, ISO/IEC
14496-12, Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1 and Rec. ITU-T T.801 | ISO/IEC 15444-2 apply. ITU, ISO and IEC
maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
– ITU terminology database: https://www.itu.int/go/terms
– ISO online browsing platform: https://www.iso.org/obp
– IEC Electropedia: http://www.electropedia.org/
3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation | International Standard
This Recommendation | International Standard defines the following term:
© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
3.2.1 JPEG 2000 codestream: Sequence of bits between, and including, the start of codestream marker and end of
codestream marker.
NOTE 1 – The general structure of the JPEG 2000 codestream is specified in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1, with other
parts of the JPEG 2000 family of Recommendations | International Standards extending and constraining this structure.
NOTE 2 – The start of codestream marker and end of codestream marker are defined in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1.
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following abbreviations apply:
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
5 Conventions
The syntax of boxes specified by this Recommendation | International Standard follows the conventions specified in
ISO/IEC 14496-12.
6 Encapsulation of JPEG 2000 images and image collections
6.1 General
This clause specifies the encapsulation of individual JPEG 2000 codestreams as individual images, image collections,
image sequences, and as video tracks, as specified in ISO/IEC 14496-12 and ISO/IEC 23008-12.
6.2 JPEG 2000 coded image item
A JPEG 2000 coded image item is a coded image item, as defined in ISO/IEC 23008-12, with type 'j2k1' that conforms
to the provisions of this subclause.
The body of the coded image item shall be exactly one Contiguous Codestream box as specified in Rec. ITU-T T.800 |
ISO/IEC 15444-1.
NOTE 1 – The processing of JPEG 2000 codestream contained in the Contiguous Codestream box can require capabilities not
defined in Rec. ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1, including those specified in Rec
...
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