This document specifies a video coding technology known as versatile video coding (VVC), comprising a video coding technology with a compression capability that is substantially beyond that of the prior generations of such standards and with sufficient versatility for effective use in a broad range of applications. Only the syntax format, semantics, and associated decoding process requirements are specified, while other matters such as pre-processing, the encoding process, system signalling and multiplexing, data loss recovery, post-processing, and video display are considered to be outside the scope of this document. Additionally, the internal processing steps performed within a decoder are also considered to be outside the scope of this document; only the externally observable output behaviour is required to conform to the specifications of this document. This document is designed to be generic in the sense that it serves a wide range of applications, bit rates, resolutions, qualities and services. Applications include, but are not limited to, video coding for digital storage media, television broadcasting and real-time communication. In the course of creating This document, various requirements from typical applications have been considered, necessary algorithmic elements have been developed, and these have been integrated into a single syntax. Hence, this document is designed to facilitate video data interchange among different applications.

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This document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3.

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This document provides accompanying reference software for ISO/IEC 23090-9. The use of this reference software is not required for making an implementation of an encoder or decoder in conformance to ISO/IEC 23090-9. Requirements established in ISO/IEC 23090-9 take precedence over the behaviour of the reference software.

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This document specifies the CMAF multimedia format, which contains segmented media objects optimized for streaming delivery and decoding on end user devices in adaptive multimedia presentations. CMAF specifies a track format derived from the ISO base media file format, then derives addressable media objects from CMAF tracks that can be used for storage and delivery. CMAF specifies sets of tracks that share encoding and packaging constraints that enable the selection of multiple tracks to form a multimedia presentation and allow seamless switching of alternative encodings of the same content at different bit rates, frame rates, resolution, etc. CMAF specifies a hypothetical application model that determines how tracks in a CMAF presentation are intended to be combined and synchronized to form a multimedia presentation. The model abstracts delivery to allow any delivery method. The hypothetical application model assumes a manifest and player, but CMAF does not specify a manifest, player, or delivery protocol, with the intent that any that support the hypothetical application model can be used. CMAF specifies media profiles and brands that constrain media encoding and packaging of CMAF tracks to enable seamless adaptive switching of tracks and allow devices to identify compatible content by its brand. CMAF specifies presentation profiles that conditionally require sets of CMAF tracks conforming to specified media profiles and allow content creators and devices to identify compatible multimedia presentations. CMAF enables extensibility by specifying how new media profiles and presentation profiles can be specified and identified and includes guidelines for those specifications.

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This document specifies how uncompressed 2D image and video data is carried in files in the family of standards based on the ISO base media file format (ISO/IEC 14496-12). This includes but is not limited to monochromatic data, colour data, transparency (alpha) information and depth information. The primary goal of this document is to allow exchange of uncompressed video and image data while relying on the information set provided by the ISO base media file format, such as timing, colour space and sample aspect ratio to specify the interpretation and/or display of video and image data.

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This document specifies the interfaces of a video decoding engine as well as the operations related to elementary streams and metadata that can be performed by this video decoding engine. To support those operations, this document also specifies SEI messages when necessary for certain video codecs.

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This document specifies a media format that enables the storage and delivery of geometry-based point cloud compression data. The geometry-based point cloud compression data can be timed or non-timed. It supports flexible extraction of geometry-based point cloud compression data at delivery or decoding time.

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This document specifies Neural Network Coding (NNC) as a compressed representation of the parameters/weights of a trained neural network and a decoding process for the compressed representation, complementing the description of the network topology in existing (exchange) formats for neural networks. It establishes a toolbox of compression methods, specifying (where applicable) the resulting elements of the compressed bitstream. Most of these tools can be applied to the compression of entire neural networks, and some of them can also be applied to the compression of differential updates of neural networks with respect to a base network. Such differential updates are for example useful when models are redistributed after fine-tuning or transfer learning, or when providing versions of a neural network with different compression ratios. This document does not specify a complete protocol for the transmission of neural networks, but focuses on compression of network parameters. Only the syntax format, semantics, associated decoding process requirements, parameter sparsification, parameter transformation methods, parameter quantization, entropy coding method and integration/signalling within existing exchange formats are specified, while other matters such as pre-processing, system signalling and multiplexing, data loss recovery and post-processing are considered to be outside the scope of this document. Additionally, the internal processing steps performed within a decoder are also considered to be outside the scope of this document; only the externally observable output behaviour is required to conform to the specifications of this document.

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This document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-5.

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This document specifies the system layer of the coding. It was developed principally to support the combination of the video and audio coding methods defined in Parts 2 and 3 of ISO/IEC 13818. The system layer supports six basic functions: 1) the synchronization of multiple compressed streams on decoding; 2) the interleaving of multiple compressed streams into a single stream; 3) the initialization of buffering for decoding start up; 4) continuous buffer management; 5) time identification; 6) multiplexing and signalling of various components in a system stream. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream is either a transport stream or a program stream. Both streams are constructed from PES packets and packets containing other necessary information. Both stream types support multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from one program with a common time base. The transport stream additionally supports the multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from multiple programs with independent time bases. For almost error-free environments the program stream is generally more appropriate, supporting software processing of program information. The transport stream is more suitable for use in environments where errors are likely. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream, whether a transport stream or a program stream, is constructed in two layers: the outermost layer is the system layer, and the innermost is the compression layer. The system layer provides the functions necessary for using one or more compressed data streams in a system. The video and audio parts of this Specification define the compression coding layer for audio and video data. Coding of other types of data is not defined by this Specification, but is supported by the system layer provided that the other types of data adhere to the constraints defined in 2.7.

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This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding for visual volumetric media using video‑based coding methods. This document also specifies processes that can be needed for reconstruction of visual volumetric media, which can also include additional processes such as post‑decoding, pre-reconstruction, post‑reconstruction and adaptation.

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This document specifies the conformance and reference software implementing ISO/IEC 23093-3. The information provided is applicable for determining the reference software modules available for ISO/IEC 23093-3, understanding the functionality of the available reference software modules, and utilising the available reference software modules. Furthermore, this document provides means for conformance testing, i.e. bitstreams – XML and binary descriptions – that conform or do not conform to ISO/IEC 23093-3.

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This document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-12.

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This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding processes for MPEG immersive video (MIV), as an extension of ISO/IEC 23090-5. It provides support for playback of a three-dimensional (3D) scene within a limited range of viewing positions and orientations, with 6 Degrees of Freedom (6DoF).

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This document specifies common encryption formats for use in any file format based on ISO/IEC 14496-12. File, item, track, and track fragment metadata is specified to enable multiple digital rights and key management systems (DRMs) to access the same common encrypted file or stream. This document does not define a DRM system. The AES-128 symmetric block cipher is used to encrypt elementary stream data contained in media samples. Both AES counter mode (CTR) and Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) are specified in separate protection schemes. Partial encryption using a pattern of encrypted and clear blocks is also specified in separate protection schemes. The identification of encryption keys, initialization vector storage and processing is specified for each scheme. Subsample encryption is specified for NAL structured video, such as AVC and HEVC, to enable normal processing and editing of video elementary streams prior to decryption. An XML representation is specified for important common encryption information so that it can be included in XML files as standard elements and attributes to enable interoperable license and key management prior to media file download.

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This document specifies conformance testing procedures for implementations of ISO/IEC 15938-17 and provides conformance bitstreams. It also provides the reference software for ISO/IEC 15938-17 which is an integral part of this document.

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This document specifies the omnidirectional media format for coding, storage, delivery and rendering of omnidirectional media, including video, images, audio and timed text. Omnidirectional image or video can contain graphics elements generated by computer graphics but encoded as image or video. Multiple viewpoints, each corresponding to an omnidirectional camera, are supported. The document also specifies storage and delivery of overlay images or video intended to be rendered over the omnidirectional background image or video.

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This document specifies extensions to existing scene description formats in order to support MPEG media, in particular immersive media. MPEG media includes but is not limited to media encoded with MPEG codecs, media stored in MPEG containers, MPEG media and application formats as well as media provided through MPEG delivery mechanisms. Extensions include scene description format syntax and semantics and the processing model when using these extensions by a Presentation Engine. It also defines a Media Access Function (MAF) API for communication between the Presentation Engine and the Media Access Function for these extensions. While the extensions defined in this document can be applicable to other scene description formats, they are provided for ISO/IEC 12113.

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This document specifies conformance criteria for both bitstreams and decoders compliant with the MPEG-H 3D audio standard as defined in ISO/IEC 23008-3. This is done to assist implementers and to ensure interoperability.

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This document specifies metadata for energy-efficient decoding, encoding, presentation, and selection of media.

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This document provides reference software for ISO/IEC 23090-5.

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This document specifies MPEG media transport (MMT) technologies, which include a single encapsulation format, delivery protocols and signalling messages for transport and delivery of multimedia data over heterogeneous packet-switched networks for multimedia services. Types of packet-switched networks supported by this document include bidirectional networks such as Internet Protocol (IP) networks and unidirectional networks such as digital broadcast networks (which may or may not use the IP). The technologies specified by this document belong to one of three functional areas of MMT: media processing unit (MPU) format, signalling messages and delivery protocol. The MPU format specifies the “mpuf” branded ISO-based media file format (ISOBMFF) encapsulating both timed and non-timed media contents. The MPU format is a self-contained ISOBMFF structure enabling independent consumption of media data, which hides codec-specific details from the delivery function. The signalling functional area specifies the formats of signalling messages carrying information for managing media content delivery and consumption, e.g. specific media locations and delivery configuration of media contents. The delivery functional area specifies the payload formats that are independent of media and codec types, which allow fragmentation and aggregation of contents encapsulated as specified by this document for delivery using packet-switched oriented transport protocols. The delivery functional area also provides an application layer transport protocol that allows for advanced delivery of media contents.

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This document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in Rec. ITU‑T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3.

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This document specifies the means (e.g. protocols and application programming interfaces) for converting MPEG-21 XML and RDF media contracts (ISO/IEC 21000-19, ISO/IEC 21000-20, and ISO/IEC 21000-21) to smart contracts executable on existing DLT environments.

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This document specifies advanced video coding for coding of audio-visual objects.

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This document specifies the syntax and semantics of video usability information (VUI) parameters and supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages. The VUI parameters and SEI messages defined in this document are designed to be conveyed within coded video bitstreams in a manner specified in a video coding specification or to be conveyed by other means determined by the specifications for systems that make use of such coded video bitstreams. This document is particularly intended for use with coded video bitstreams as specified by Rec. ITU‑T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3, although it is drafted in a manner intended to be sufficiently generic that it can also be used with other types of coded video bitstreams. VUI parameters and SEI messages can assist in processes related to decoding, display or other purposes. However, unless otherwise specified in a referencing specification, the interpretation and use of the VUI parameters and SEI messages specified in this document is not a required functionality of a video decoder or receiving video system. Although semantics are specified for the VUI parameters and SEI messages, decoders and receiving video systems can simply ignore the content of the VUI parameters and SEI messages or can use them in a manner that somewhat differs from what is specified in this document.

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This document establishes a reference software for Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3. NOTE The use of this reference software is not required for making an implementation of an encoder or decoder in conformance to Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3. Requirements established in Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3 take precedence over the behaviour of the reference software.

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This document specifies the storage format for streams of video that is structured as NAL Units, such as AVC (ISO/IEC 14496-10) and HEVC (ISO/IEC 23008-2) video streams. In addition, Annex E specifies parameters and sub-parameters applying when sample entries specified in this document are used as the 'codecs' parameter of a MIME type, as specified in IETF RFC 6381.

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This document specifies the system layer of the coding. It was developed principally to support the combination of the video and audio coding methods defined in Parts 2 and 3 of ISO/IEC 13818. The system layer supports six basic functions: 1) the synchronization of multiple compressed streams on decoding; 2) the interleaving of multiple compressed streams into a single stream; 3) the initialization of buffering for decoding start up; 4) continuous buffer management; 5) time identification; 6) multiplexing and signalling of various components in a system stream. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream is either a transport stream or a program stream. Both streams are constructed from PES packets and packets containing other necessary information. Both stream types support multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from one program with a common time base. The transport stream additionally supports the multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from multiple programs with independenttime bases. For almost error-free environments the program stream is generally more appropriate, supporting software processing of program information. The transport stream is more suitable for use in environments where errors are likely. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream, whether a transport stream or a program stream, is constructed in two layers: the outermost layer is the system layer, and the innermost is the compression layer. The system layer provides the functions necessary for using one or more compressed data streams in a system. The video and audio parts of this Specification define the compression coding layer for audio and video data. Coding of other types of data is not defined by this Specification, but is supported by the system layer provided that the other types of data adhere to the constraints defined in 2.7.

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This document specifies the Image File Format, an interoperable storage format for a single image, a collection of images, and sequences of images. The format defined in this document is built on tools defined in ISO/IEC 14496-12 and enables the interchange, editing, and display of images, as well as the carriage of metadata associated with those images. The Image File Format defines structures used to contain metadata, how to link that metadata to the images, and defines how metadata of certain forms is carried. This document also specifies brands for the storage of images and image sequences conforming to High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), Advanced Video Coding (AVC), JPEG, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) and Essential Video Coding (EVC). NOTE The storage of HEVC, AVC, VVC and EVC video sequences is out of scope and is provided in ISO/IEC 14496‑15.

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This document specifies four data formats: User Description (UD), Context Description (CD), Service Description (SD), and Recommendation Description (RD). This document also specifies technologies related to consecutive vibration.

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This document specifies a video coding technology known as versatile video coding (VVC), comprising a video coding technology with a compression capability that is substantially beyond that of the prior generations of such standards and with sufficient versatility for effective use in a broad range of applications. Only the syntax format, semantics, and associated decoding process requirements are specified, while other matters such as pre-processing, the encoding process, system signalling and multiplexing, data loss recovery, post-processing, and video display are considered to be outside the scope of this document. Additionally, the internal processing steps performed within a decoder are also considered to be outside the scope of this document; only the externally observable output behaviour is required to conform to the specifications of this document. This document is designed to be generic in the sense that it serves a wide range of applications, bit rates, resolutions, qualities and services. Applications include, but are not limited to, video coding for digital storage media, television broadcasting and real-time communication. In the course of creating This document, various requirements from typical applications have been considered, necessary algorithmic elements have been developed, and these have been integrated into a single syntax. Hence, this document is designed to facilitate video data interchange among different applications.

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This document contains simulation software for the Unified speech and audio coding standard as defined in ISO/IEC 23003-3.

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