ISO/IEC 24735:2009
(Main)Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring digital copying productivity
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring digital copying productivity
ISO/IEC 24735:2009 provides a method for measuring digital copying productivity of digital copying devices and multifunctional devices with various copying modes. It is applicable to digital copying devices and multifunctional devices equipped with automatic document feeder and collating function. It is intended to be used for black and white (B&W) as well as colour digital copying devices and multifunctional devices of any underlying marking technology. It allows comparison of the throughput copying rates for a machine operated in various available operating modes (simplex, duplex, size of substrates, 2-up, etc) and various available digital image processing configurations. ISO/IEC 24735:2009 includes test files, test setup procedure, test procedure, and the reporting requirements for the digital copying productivity measurements.
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24735
First edition
2009-03-01
Information technology — Office
equipment — Method for measuring
digital copying productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode
de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
Reference number
ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2009
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
PDF disclaimer
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shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
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the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Test Parameters and Conditions. 3
4.1 Environment . 3
4.2 Voltage . 3
4.3 Copying Device Setup. 3
4.4 Paper . 4
4.5 Maintenance . 4
4.6 Preparation of Test Targets (Test Charts). 4
5 Test Method. 5
5.1 Test Setup. 5
5.2 Test Measurement Procedure . 5
5.3 Test Method Process. 8
5.3.1 Suggested Test Method Process Flow Chart . 8
5.3.2 Estimating the Set Count . 8
5.3.3 5% Consistency Criteria. 9
5.4 General Performance Test . 10
5.5 Feature Performance Test . 11
6 Calculations and Treatment of Data . 14
6.1 General Performance Test . 14
6.1.1 1 Set Test . 14
6.1.2 1 Set + 30 Seconds Test. 15
6.1.3 1 Set + 4 Minutes Test . 15
6.2 Feature Performance Test . 16
6.2.1 1 Set Test . 16
6.2.2 1 Set + 30 Seconds Test. 16
7 Presentation of Results. 17
7.1 General Performance Test . 17
7.2 Feature Performance Test . 18
Annex A (informative) Examples of report presentation. 20
Annex B (informative) Example of full detailed report . 23
Annex C (normative) Test targets for measurement of copying productivity . 26
Annex D (informative) Definitions of “FCOT” and “Continuous Copying Speed” . 27
Bibliography . 30
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 24735 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC JTC1, Information technology, Subcommittee
SC 28, Office equipment.
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
Introduction
Many digital copying devices produce copied pages at a different rate than their nominal speed when running
with different modes (simplex, duplex, copying quality modes), different substrate weight and collating and/or
finishing options. The degree to which a reduction in productivity is experienced depends significantly on other
parameters of the job stream. The most dominant of the parameters of the job stream are: (the number of
original pages in a set to be printed, single-sided or double-sided output pages, image quality modes selected,
B&W and colour reproduction job stream, number of print sets to be produced, substrate size used, run length
and finishing options). The existing International Standard (ISO/IEC 14545) only addresses the productivity
issues for light-lens B&W copying device/duplicators and does not take into account these important machine
and job related factors for digital copying devices.
This International Standard provides a general method for measuring “productivity” when the above-
mentioned job stream parameters for digital copying devices are taken into consideration. The International
Standard also includes a test chart for copying productivity measurement. It allows manufacturers and buyers
of digital copying devices to describe the productivity of various digital copying devices with respect to
representative office usage.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for
measuring digital copying productivity
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for measuring “productivity” of digital copying devices and
multifunctional devices with various copying modes. The International Standard is applicable to digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices equipped with automatic document feeder and collating function. The
International Standard is intended to be used for black and white (B&W) as well as colour digital copying
devices and multifunctional devices of any underlying marking technology. The International Standard allows
comparison of the throughput copying rates for a machine operated in various available operating modes
(simplex, duplex, size of substrates, 2-up, etc) and various available digital image processing configurations.
This International Standard includes test files, test setup procedure, test procedure, and the reporting
requirements for the digital copying productivity measurements.
This International Standard is not intended to be used for devices which are not able to copy on a media size
of A4/8.5"x11", devices that do not have an ADF (automatic document feeder), or devices which are not able
to collate multiple copies of original prints from a test set.
This International Standard is not intended to replace manufacturer's rated speeds.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2470:1999, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness)
ISO 536:1995, Paper and board — Determination of grammage
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
duplex copying
use of a copying device that can make a number of copies, with the copying being done to both sides of the
sheet
NOTE An equivalent term is “two-sided copying” (referred to as 1:2 mode or 2:2 mode).
3.2
EFTP
effective throughput
average speed at which a device produces pages measured from the initiation of the job through the complete
exit of the last page of the last test set
NOTE EFTP is expressed in images per minute (ipm). EFTP can be affected by the digital processing time of the test
set as well as the run time of the test set.
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
3.3
ESAT
estimated saturated throughput
rate at which a device produces pages measured from the complete exit of the last page of the first test set
through the complete exit of the last page of the last test set
NOTE ESAT is expressed in images per minute (ipm).
3.4
feature performance test
optional test used to evaluate productivity changes with various copying and finishing features enabled by
providing FSOT and ESAT
NOTE The feature performance test suite is run with default copying system settings to establish a base line, and
then with the selected feature (e.g. stapling) ON, for comparison.
3.5
FSOT
first set out time
number of seconds between the initiation of the job to the complete exit of the last page of the first test set
NOTE There is a different definition called “FCOT; first copy out time”. This “FCOT” and “continuous copying speed”
for EP (electrophotographic) copying machine is defined in ISO/IEC 21117. For reference, the extension of these
definitions also applied for out of scope copying devices is shown in Annex D (informative).
3.6
full detailed report
presentation of information including machine setup and measured test results
3.7
full report
presentation of results including the FSOT, ESAT and EFTP values in general performance test or the FSOT
and ESAT values in feature performance test as well as the calculated averages for each values
3.8
general performance test
test used to evaluate productivity by providing FSOT, ESAT and EFTP without using any special feature or
mode, and includes both the simplex copying mode and the duplex copying modes of 1:2 and 2:2 if available
3.9
LSOT
last set out time
number of seconds between the initiation of the job to the complete exit of the last page of the last test set
3.10
nominal copying speed
copying rate, excluding time to first page copied, and measured when producing pages in a continuous
copying mode with a single static document using a nominal weight substrate
NOTE Nominal copying speed is expressed in copies per minute or images per minute.
3.11
simplex copying
use of a copying device when only a single side of a sheet is copied on
NOTE Other equivalent terms are “one-sided copying” or “simplex to simplex” (referred as 1:1 mode).
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
3.12
summary report
presentation of results including the average overall FSOT and ESAT in general performance test or the ratio
of the copying performance such as FSOT and ESAT with the subject feature ON versus the copying device
default base line performance (without the subject feature ON) in feature performance test
3.13
test file
refers to digital file used for creating test targets
3.14
test set
all of the pages of test target
3.15
test target
hardcopy document used for testing per the test method, created from the test file
NOTE An equivalent term is “test chart”.
4 Test Parameters and Conditions
4.1 Environment
The test environment, including temperature and humidity, shall be within the ranges recommended by the
manufacturer for operating the device. If no recommendation is available, the following ranges shall apply.
Temperature: 18 °C to 25 °C
Relative humidity: 30 % to 70 %
NOTE The temperature and humidity ranges of the test environment should be recorded in the full detailed report
(Annex B).
4.2 Voltage
The copying device shall be connected to a voltage supply within the manufacturer specified operating voltage
range for the copying device under test.
NOTE The measurement should be made under no-load condition prior to each test.
4.3 Copying Device Setup
Place the copying device on a horizontal surface and set up the copying device according to the
manufacturer's recommendations.
The copying device shall be fully enclosed in its normal exterior cover. The machine and all of it's necessary
supplies shall be acclimated in the test environment prior to conducting the test(s). All supplies used in the
test(s), included copy paper, shall be those specified by the manufacturer. All image and copying modes
should be at their factory pre-set configuration for the copying device. It is assumed that the settings listed in
table 1 are common to all copying devices. These listed settings shall be set to the manufacturer's default or
pre-set condition for the device. If a device has settings not listed in Table 1, they too shall be set to default
settings. For copying devices that have additional print quality and digital image processing features, those
features must be set to match their normal default condition, and included in the result reporting. Disabling
manufacturer default installed features, routines or applications, is not allowed. Examples include, but are not
limited to the following: automatic cleaning or calibration cycles, and energy save settings. If the system has
automatic media detect(automatic paper type selection), it can be disabled, and paper used in the test shall be
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
selected manually. This must be noted in the full detailed report (Annex B). The following pre-set values in the
test will be noted on this report format.
Table 1 — Pre-set Settings
Pre-set item Pre-set value
Output resolution default
Output Quality default
Mode
Copying mode default
Auto density adjustment default
Collating function Activated (if not activated in default mode.)
Paper sending direction default
Paper
Paper type setting default
Paper feeding Standard cassette
Paper exit Standard exit tray
Paper-path
default
Face up exit
Duplex copying unit default (used in 1:2 mode and 2:2 mode).
Fixing capability default
Temporary Image quality stability default
stop
Capacity of paper default
Others default
NOTE If the copying device is setup with external options such as sorter or finisher as default, then these options
shall be noted on the full detailed report format in corresponding column in Annex B, for example “Finisher as default”.
4.4 Paper
The output paper used in this test shall be within the range of, and/or not violate, specific written attribute
guidelines and recommendations provided by the copying device manufacturer, which may include but are not
be limited to: size, weight, composition, paper manufacturer(s), paper type, part number and other physical
characteristics. Care must be taken to use a paper that conforms to the copying device manufacturers' paper
specifications for the default copying device settings. The paper used for the general performance test
[section 5.4] shall be cut-sheet, A4 and/or 8.5"x11" size. Optional paper sizes may be used in the feature
performance tests such as 8.5"x14", A3, and/or 11"x17" size as appropriate for the test mode. The paper
manufacturer, weight, size and paper type/name used in each test shall be noted on the full detailed report.
NOTE When you use the papers other than A4/A3, then you should state each paper size in the places of A4 and A3
at the presentation of results. And you should use the same paper size by each machine when you want to compare the
productivity results of one machine with other machines. If the copying device is used in “thick paper mode” for copying,
then this optional mode shall be noted on the full detailed report format in corresponding column in Annex B.
4.5 Maintenance
Copying device maintenance shall be performed throughout testing per the manufacturer's recommendations
on an as needed basis. (For example, cleaning routines or consumables replacement).
4.6 Preparation of Test Targets (Test Charts)
The copying test file is outlined in Annex C (normative).
This test file is from ISO/IEC 24734 “Method of measuring digital printing productivity". The test target consists
of 4 single sided pages. When using the test target for the copying productivity test, the copying target must
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
be created by printing the most recent electronic test file. If the intended machine does not have a printer
function, then record the name of printer which is used to print out the actual test targets. The most recent
official file can be located at http://www.iso.org/jtc1/sc28/.
The quality of test charts may affect the productivity measurement. You should create test charts according to
the following notes.
1) The test charts shall be printed by the equipment to be tested itself in its default-printing mode.
2) The paper used for creating the test charts shall have a brightness of at least 80% to eliminate the
influence of background.
2
3) The paper used for creating the test charts shall be 64 g/m or above and sufficiently opaque to
prevent copying of images on the backside.
4) The paper used for creating the test charts shall be free of wrinkles or other surface defects.
5) Confirm that the there are no defects such as unexpected dots or contaminations.
NOTE The brightness should be measured according to ISO 2470:1999. The paper weight should be measured
according to ISO 536:1995.
5 Test Method
5.1 Test Setup
Before test, the machine under test shall be preconditioned as follows.
1) Install the copying device following the manufacturer's recommendations.
2) Clean the surface of the image scanning device if needed.
3) The default required tests shall be run after the copying device has warmed-up and entered a “ready”
state. Use of warm-up copying (that means at least one page is copied just before testing) to ready
the copying device is acceptable.
4) Set the system parameters (such as paper weight selection, paper size and feed orientation, quality
mode) for test. Record the copying device model, configuration (options), default condition and any
other variations if selected. If the system has automatic media detect (automatic paper type
selection), it can be disabled, and paper used in the test shall be selected manually. This must be
noted in the full detailed report.
Refer to Annex B for an example of settings to record. Refer to section 5.4 for information on required tests
and 5.5 for information on running the optional feature performance tests. Refer to section 6 for information on
the calculation and treatment of data. Refer to section 7 for information on data reporting.
NOTE Measurement of printing productivity in MFD should be measured according to ISO/IEC 24734 International
Standard. Only copying productivity function can be measured according to this International Standard.
5.2 Test Measurement Procedure
A single set of each test target is copied and measured to determine FSOT . Multiple, N sets, of each test
1set
target are copied and measured for the 1 Set + 30 Seconds Test run to calculate ESAT and EFTP ,
30sec 30sec
where N is the number of sets needed to meet LSOT –FSOT W 30 seconds. This method is used to
30sec 30sec
provide varying tests for products across varying segments. This simple approach allows faster products to be
tested with more sets and slower products to be tested with less sets without defining and categorizing
products by segment. The 1 Set + 4 Minutes Test is a similar concept used to calculate EFTP and is
4min
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
intended to provide a test to illustrate that differences in productivity can occur for longer copying times
compared to shorter copying times. It is understood and recognized that 4 minutes may be a long test for
some devices, but a short test for other, higher end devices. The 4 minutes time is a compromise to meet the
needs of the many products across many segments covered in the scope of this International Standard.
(1) Before test, the machine under test shall be preconditioned as described in section 5.1.
(2) Prepare and set the test targets (test charts) that will be used in the test, identified as described in
Section 4.6.
(3) Refer to sections 5.4 and 5.5 to decide what tests are to be run.
1 Set Test Procedure to measure FSOT and EFTP :
1set 1set
1) Enter Copy Set count = 1 required for this specific test run on the copying device
operation panel.
2) [Start Test run] Press copy start button and simultaneously start the timing device
(watch or otherwise).
3) Record the time for completion of one set to at least two decimal places.
4) [End Test run]
5) Run the 1 Set Test [steps 2 – 4] twice. Calculate the average FSOT and EFTP
1set 1set
according to section 6.
6) Determine if the results are consistent within ± 5% according to section 5.3.3, and
perform a third Test run if required. (The data from the test is average of the individual
runs. Three iterations are the max and those results from all iterations are averaged to
get the required data.)
7) Calculate the average FSOT and EFTP according to section 6.
1set 1set
8) Repeat steps 2 – 7 for each required copying mode (1:1, 1:2, 2:2) that is available on the
copying device under test.
NOTE The average FSOT for this test set is reported in the Summary Report, the Full Report
1set
and the Full Detailed Report as FSOT. For detail, see Annex A and Annex B for an example of
report presentation.
1 Set + 30 Seconds Test Procedure to measure ESAT and EFTP :
30sec 30sec
1) Enter Copy Set count = N required to for LSOT –FSOT W 30 Seconds. Select
30sec 30sec
any necessary collate options to insure that multiple set runs copy the output in collated
order (1234., 1234 .). For the second and third tests, use the same set count as used
in the first test.
NOTE This FSOT should not be confused with the FSOT from the 1 Set Test. The
30sec 1set
FSOT measured is used to verify LSOT –FSOT W 30 seconds and to calculate
30sec 30sec 30sec
ESAT .
30sec
2) [Start Test run] Press copy start button and simultaneously start the timing device
(watch or otherwise).
3) Record the time for completion of the FSOT to at least two decimal places. This is
30sec
the time from pressing copy button until the fourth page (first test set, first complete
copying of file pages) of the test file is fully ejected from the machine.
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ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
NOTE If the output paper tray size is less than the number of pages to be copied, remove the
output paper during the test.
4) Record the time for completion of the LSOT to at least two decimal places. This is
30sec
the time from pressing copy button until the last page of the test set is fully ejected from
the machine.
5) [End Test run]
6) Run the 1 set + 30 Seconds test [steps 2 – 5] twice. Calculate ESAT and
30sec
EFTP for each Test run according to section 6.
30sec
7) Determine if the results are consistent within ± 5% according to section 5.3.3, and
perform a third Test run if required. (The data from the test is average of the individual
runs. Three iterations are the max and those results from all iterations are averaged to
get the required data.)
8) Calculate the average ESAT and EFTP according to section 6.
30sec 30sec
9) Repeat steps 2 – 8 for each required copying mode (1:1, 1:2, 2:2) that is available on
the copying device under test.
NOTE The average ESAT for this test set is reported in the Summary Report, the Full
30sec
Report and the Full Detailed Report as ESAT. For detail, see Annex A and Annex B for an example
of report presentation.
1 Set + 4 Minutes Test Procedure to measure EFTP :
4min
1) Enter Print Set count = N required to for LSOT –FSOT W 4 minutes. Select any
4min 4min
necessary collate options to insure that multiple set runs copy the output in collated order
(1234., 1234 .). For the second and third tests, use the same set count as used in the
first test.
NOTE This FSOT should not be confused with the FSOT from the 1 Set Test. The
4min 1set
FSOT measured here is only used to verify LSOT –FSOT W 4 minutes.
4min 4min 4min
2) [Start Test run] Press copy button and simultaneously start the timing device (watch or
otherwise).
3) Record the time for completion of the FSOT to at least two decimal places. This is
4min
the time from pressing copy button until the fourt
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24735
First edition
2009-03-01
Information technology — Office
equipment — Method for measuring
digital copying productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipements de bureau — Méthode
de mesure de la productivité d'un photocopieur numérique
Reference number
ISO/IEC 24735:2009E)
©
ISO/IEC 2009
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 24735:2009(E)
PDF disclaimer
PDF files may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, such files may be printed or viewed but shall
not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading a PDF file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create the PDF file(s) constituting this document can be found in the General Info relative to
the file(s); the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the files are suitable for
use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to them is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the
address given below.
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Adobe® Acrobat® Reader;
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