ISO 4413:1998
(Main)Hydraulic fluid power — General rules relating to systems
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules relating to systems
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles générales relatives aux systèmes
La présente Norme internationale fournit des règles générales relatives aux systèmes hydrauliques des machines utilisées dans les procédés de fabrication industrielle. Elle est destinée à servir de guide à la fois aux fournisseurs et aux acheteurs, afin d'assurer : a) la sécurité ; b) un fonctionnement continu du système ; c) une maintenance facile et économique ; d) la pérennité du système.
Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Splošna pravila za uporabo hidravličnih sistemov
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4413
Second edition
1998-08-15
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules
relating to systems
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles générales relatives aux systèmes
A
Reference number
ISO 4413:1998(E)
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ISO 4413:1998(E)
Contents Page
. 1
1 Scope
2 Normative references . 1
3 Definitions . 3
4 Requirements . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Hazards . 4
4.3 Safety requirements . 5
4.4 System requirements . 6
4.5 Site conditions . 7
5 System design . 8
5.1 Circuit diagrams . 8
5.2 Identification . 9
5.3 Installation, use and maintenance . 10
5.4 Use of standard parts . 11
5.5 Seals and sealing devices . 11
5.6 Maintenance and operating data . 11
5.7 Operation and maintenance manuals . 12
5.8 Ports . 12
5.9 System temperature . 12
6 Energy conversion components . 13
6.1 Hydraulic pumps and motors . 13
6.2 Cylinders . 14
6.3 Gas-loaded accumulators . 17
7 Valves . 19
7.1 Selection . 19
7.2 Mounting . 19
7.3 Manifolds . 20
7.4 Electrically operated valves . 20
7.5 Symbol plates .21
7.6 Adjustments .21
7.7 Removal . 21
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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©
ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
8 Fluids and conditioning components . 22
8.1 Hydraulic fluids .22
8.2 Fluid reservoirs .23
8.3 Filtration and fluid conditioning . 26
8.4 Heat exchangers . 28
9 Piping . 29
9.1 General requirements . 29
9.2 Pipe and tube requirements . 30
9.3 Support of piping . 30
9.4 Foreign matter . 31
9.5 Hose assemblies . 31
9.6 Quick-action couplings . 32
10 Control systems . 32
10.1 Unintended movement . 32
10.2 System protection . 32
10.3 Components . 33
10.4 Control systems with servo and proportional valves . 34
10.5 Other design considerations . 34
10.6 Location of controls . 36
10.7 Emergency controls . 36
11 Diagnostics and monitoring . 37
11.1 Pressure measurement . 37
11.2 Fluid sampling . 37
11.3 Temperature sensing . 37
12 Cleaning and painting . 37
13 Preparation for transportation . 38
13.1 Identification of piping . 38
13.2 Packaging . 38
13.3 Sealing of openings . 38
13.4 Handling facilities . 38
14 Commissioning . 38
14.1 Verification tests . 38
14.2 Noise . 38
14.3 Fluid leakage . 39
14.4 Final data to be provided . 39
14.5 Modifications . 39
14.6 Inspection . 40
15 Identification statement . 40
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©
ISO 4413:1998(E) ISO
Annex A (informative) Items requiring supplier/purchaser agreement . 41
(informative) . 42
Annex B List of hazards
Annex C (informative) Cross reference list ISO 4413/EN 982 . 45
Annex D (informative) Bibliography . 51
Index . 54
iv
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©
ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is
normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a
subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison
with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member
bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of
the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 4413 was prepared by Technical Committee lSO/TC 131, Fluid
power systems, Subcommittee SC 9, Installations and systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4413:1979), which has been
technically revised.
Annexes A to D of this International Standard are for information only.
v
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©
ISO 4413:1998(E) ISO
Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under
pressure within an enclosed circuit.
The application of hydraulic fluid power systems requires a thorough understanding and precise
communication between supplier and purchaser. This International Standard was prepared to
assist that understanding and communication and to document many of the good practices
learned from experience with hydraulic systems.
Use of this International Standard assists:
a) the identification and specification of the requirements for hydraulic systems and
components;
b) the identification of respective areas of responsibility;
c) the design of systems and their components to comply with specific requirements;
d) understanding of the safety requirements of a hydraulic system.
General rules given in this International Standard have no legal status except those paragraphs
that are included in contractual agreements between purchasers and suppliers. Deviation from
those parts of this International Standard included in contractual agreements shall also be
agreed to in writing by the purchaser and supplier. Attention shall be drawn by the purchaser
and/or supplier to applicable national or local codes or laws.
General rules that contain the verb “shall” are counsels of good engineering practice,
universally applicable with rare exception. Use of the word “should” in the document is not an
indication of choice but an indication that the desirable engineering practices described may
have to be modified due to the peculiarities of certain processes, environmental conditions or
equipment size.
Titles or parts of the text which are marked with an asterisk (*) indicate subclauses for which
discussion is needed between the supplier and purchaser to define the requirements and/or
responsibilities. These are also listed in annex A.
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©
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules relating to systems
1 Scope
This International Standard provides general rules relating to hydraulic systems on machinery
used in industrial manufacturing processes. It is intended as a guide for both suppliers and
purchasers, with a view to ensuring:
a) safety;
b) uninterrupted system operation;
c) ease and economy of maintenance;
d) long life of the system.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were
valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this
International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of
currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1219-1:1991, Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit
diagrams — Part 1: Graphic symbols.
Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit
ISO 1219-2:1995,
diagrams — Part 2: Circuit diagrams.
ISO 4400:1994, Fluid power systems and components — Three-pin electrical plug connectors
with earth contact — Characteristics and requirements.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-port directional control valves — Mounting
ISO 4401:1994,
surfaces.
1
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
1)
ISO 4406:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding level of contamination by
solid particles.
Hydraulic fluid power — Particulate contamination analysis — Extraction of
ISO 4021:1992,
fluid samples from lines of an operating system.
ISO 5598:1985, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary.
2)
ISO 5781:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Pressure-control valves (excluding pressure-relief
valves), sequence valves, unloading valves, throttle valves and check valves — Mounting
surfaces.
ISO 6149-1:1993, Connections for fluid power and general use — Ports and stud ends with
ISO 261 threads and O-ring sealing — Part 1: Ports with O-ring seal in truncated housing.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-screw split-flange connections for use at
ISO 6162:1994,
pressures of 2,5 MPa to 40 MPa (25 bar to 400 bar) — Type I metric series and type II inch
series.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-screw, one-piece square-flange connections for
ISO 6164:1994,
use at pressures of 25 MPa and 40 MPa (250 and 400 bar).
ISO 6263:1997, Hydraulic fluid power — Compensated flow-control valves — Mounting
surfaces.
Hydraulic fluid power — Pressure-relief valves — Mounting surfaces.
ISO 6264:1998,
Fluid power systems and components — Two-pin electrical plug connector with
ISO 6952:1994,
earth contact — Characteristics and requirements.
ISO 7368:1989, Hydraulic fluid power — Two-port slip-in cartridge valves — Cavities.
ISO 7789:1998, Hydraulic fluid power — Two-, three- and four-port screw-in cartridge valves —
Cavities.
ISO 7790:1997, Hydraulic fluid power — Four-port modular stack valves and four-port
directional control valves, sizes 02, 03 and 05 — Clamping dimensions.
ISO 8434-1:1994, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 1: 24°
compression fittings.
Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 2: 37°
ISO 8434-2:1994,
flared fittings.
_______________
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4406:1987)
2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 5781:1987)
2
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
ISO 8434-3:1995, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 3: O-ring
face seal fittings.
ISO 8434-4:1995, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 4: 24°
cone connectors with O-ring weld-on nipples.
ISO 10372:1992, Hydraulic fluid power — Four- and five-port servovalves — Mounting
surfaces.
ISO 10763:1994, Hydraulic fluid power — Plain-end, seamless and welded precision steel
tubes — Dimensions and nominal working pressures.
Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise
ISO/TR 11688-1:1995,
machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning.
3)
ISO 12151-1:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 1: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-3 O-ring face seal end.
3)
— Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
ISO 12151-2: ,
Part 2: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-1 and ISO 8434-4 24° cone connector ends with O-rings.
3)
ISO 12151-3:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 3: Hose fittings with ISO 6162 flange ends.
3)
ISO 12151-4:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 4: Hose fittings with ISO 6149-2 and ISO 6149-3 stud ends.
3)
ISO 12151-5:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 5: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-2 37° flared ends.
IEC 204-1:1997, Electrical equipment of industrial machines — Part 1: General requirements.
IEC 529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code).
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 5598 and the
following definitions apply.
3.1 actuator: Component that transforms fluid energy into mechanical energy (e.g. motor,
cylinder).
Procedure by which a system is formally accepted by the purchaser.
3.2 commissioning:
3.3 component: Individual unit (e.g. cylinder, motor, valve, filter; but excluding piping)
comprising one or more parts, designed to be a functional part of a fluid power system.
_______________
3) To be published.
3
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
3.4 control mechanism: Device that provides an input signal to a component (e.g. lever,
solenoid).
3.5 emergency control: Control function that brings a system to a safe condition.
3.6 function plate: Surface that contains information describing either the performance of a
manually operated device (e.g. on/off, forward/reverse, left/right, up/down) or the status of a
function performed by the system (e.g. clamp, lift, advance).
3.7 operating device: Device that provides an input signal to a control mechanism (e.g. cam,
electrical switch).
Any combination of fittings, couplings or connectors with pipes, hoses or tubes
3.8 piping:
which allows fluid flow between components.
3.9 purchaser: Party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equipment, system or
component and judges whether the product satisfies those requirements.
3.10 supplier: Party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchaser’s
requirements.
Arrangement of interconnected components which transmits and controls fluid
3.11 system:
power energy.
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The requirements given in 4.1.1 to 4.5 apply to all systems within the scope of this International
Standard.
4.1.1 Instructions
Hydraulic systems shall be installed and used in accordance with the instructions and
recommendations of the system supplier.
4.1.2 Language*
The purchaser and supplier shall agree on the language to be used for machine marking and
applicable documentation. The supplier shall be responsible for ensuring that the translation
has the same meaning as the original text.
4.2 Hazards*
When agreed between the purchaser and supplier, an assessment of the hazards listed in
annex B shall be performed. This assessment may include the influence of the fluid power
4
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
system on the other parts of the machine, system or environment. Standards listed in annex B
may be used in this assessment.
So far as is practicable, the hazards identified shall be eliminated by design and, where this is
not practicable, the design shall incorporate safeguards against such hazards.
4.3 Safety requirements
4.3.1 Design considerations
When designing hydraulic systems, all aspects of possible methods of failure (including control
supply failure) shall be considered.
In each case, components shall be selected, applied, fitted and adjusted so that in the event of
a failure, safety of personnel shall be the prime consideration.
The prevention of damage to the system and the environment shall be considered.
4.3.2 Component selection
All components in the system shall be selected or specified to provide for safety in use, and
they shall operate within their rated limits when the system is put to its intended use.
Components shall be selected or specified to operate reliably under all intended uses of the
system. Particular attention shall be paid to the reliability of components that could cause a
hazard in the event of their failure or malfunction.
4.3.3 Unintended pressures
All parts of the system shall be designed or otherwise protected against pressures exceeding
the maximum working pressure of a system or any part of the system or the rated pressure of
any specific component.
The preferred means of protection against excessive pressure are one or more pressure relief
valves located to limit the pressure in all parts of the system. Alternative means, such as
pressure compensator pump controls, may be used, provided those means satisfy the
application requirements.
Systems shall be designed, constructed and adjusted to minimise surge pressures and
intensified pressures. Surge pressures and intensified pressures shall not cause hazards.
Loss of pressure or critical drop in pressure shall not expose persons to a hazard.
4.3.4 Mechanical movements
Mechanical movements, whether intended or unintended (including effects from, for example,
acceleration, deceleration or lifting/holding of masses), shall not result in a situation which is
hazardous to persons.
5
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
4.3.5 Noise
For the design of low noise machinery and systems, see ISO 11688-1.
4.3.6 Leakage
Leakage (internal or external) shall not cause a hazard.
4.3.7 Temperature
4.3.7.1 Operating temperature
The full range of operating temperatures for the system or any component shall not exceed
those specified limits at which they can safely be used.
4.3.7.2 Surface temperature
Hydraulic systems shall be designed to protect persons from surface temperatures that exceed
touchable limits by either location or guarding.
4.4 System requirements*
The purchaser and supplier shall establish specifications for the operation and function of the
system, including
a) working pressure range;
b) operating temperature range;
c) type of fluid to be used;
d) cycle rates;
e) duty cycle;
f) service life of components;
g) sequence of events;
h) lubrication;
i) lifting requirements;
j) emergency and safety requirements;
k) details of painting or protective coating.
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
4.5 Site conditions*
4.5.1 Specifications*
The purchaser shall specify on the inquiry all the information required for proper selection and
application of systems.
Examples of information required are
a) ambient temperature range of the installation;
b) humidity range of the installation;
c) available utilities, e.g. electricity, water, waste;
d) electric network details, e.g. voltage and its tolerance; frequency, available power
(if limited);
e) protection for electrical devices;
f) atmospheric pressure;
g) contamination;
h) sources of vibration;
i) possible severity of a fire or explosion hazard;
j) standard of maintenance available;
k) reserves, e.g. flow, pressure and volume;
l) space for access, maintenance and use, as well as the location and mounting of
components and systems to ensure their stability and security in use;
m) available cooling and heating media and capacities;
n) requirements for guarding;
o) legal and environmental limiting factors;
p) other safety requirements.
4.5.2 Drawings*
Where specified and agreed between the purchaser and supplier, the supplier shall provide
drawings that indicate
a) floor plan, including location and installation dimensions;
b) foundation requirements, including floor loading;
7
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©
ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
c) water supply requirements;
d) electrical supply requirements;
e) piping layout (photographs may be used by agreement).
5 System design
5.1 Circuit diagrams
The supplier shall provide a circuit diagram in accordance with ISO 1219-2 which reflects the
system design, identifies the components and satisfies the requirements of clause 4.
The following information shall be included on or with the circuit diagram:
a) identification of all equipment by name, catalogue number, serial or design number, and
the manufacturer’s or supplier’s name;
b) the size, wall thickness and specification of pipe and tube and the size and specification of
hose assemblies;
c) the bore diameter of each cylinder, the diameter of each cylinder piston rod, the length of
stroke, the estimated maximum force and the speed required for the intended service;
d) the displacement per revolution, the maximum torque output, speeds and direction of
rotation required for the intended service of each hydraulic motor;
e) the flow rate and the direction of rotation of each pump, as viewed from the driven shaft
end;
f) the power, rotational speed, and the type of each pump prime mover;
g) the pressure settings;
h) the types of strainers, filters and replacement elements;
i) the volume of fluid required to fill the system to maximum level;
j) the recommended fluid type and viscosity grade;
k) when specified, the time sequence chart, e.g. the time range of the cycle and data or text,
or both, showing the operations performed, including the function(s) of the related
electrical and mechanical controls and actuators;
l) clear indication of any circuitry contained within circuit manifolds; where boundary lines or
boundary envelopes are used for this purpose, the boundary indicated shall include only
symbols of components mounted on or within the manifold;
m) clear indication of the function of each actuator in each direction;
8
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ISO
ISO 4413:1998(E)
n) the pre-charge pressures and nominal volumes of accumulators;
o) the size, type and location of pressure test, sampling and bleed points in the circuit;
p) identification of all component or manifold ports (as marked on the component or
manifold);
q) the expected flow rate and maximum and minimum pressure of the cooling medium, and
the maximum temperature of the cooling medium supply;
r) identification of all electrical signal converters, as marked on the electrical circuit diagram.
5.2 Identification
5.2.1 Components
The following particulars shall be provided by the supplier and shown, if practicable, in a
permanent and readily visible form on all components:
a) the manufacturer’s or supplier’s name and brief address;
b) the manufacturer’s or supplier’s product identification;
c) the rated pressure;
d) symbols according to ISO 1219-1, with all ports correctly identified.
Where lack of available space would result in lettering too small to be legible, information may
be provided on supplementary materials such as instruction/maintenance sheets, catalogue
sheets or accessory tags.
5.2.2 Components within a system
Each component shall be given a unique item number and/or letter. This unique item number
shall be used to identify the component on all diagrams, lists and layouts. It should be clearly
and permanently marked on the installation adjacent to, but not on, the component.
The order of stacking modules shall be clearly indicated adjacent to, but not on, the stack.
5.2.3 Ports
All ports, power take-off, test and bleed points and drain outlets (e.g. reservoir drains) shall be
clearly and distinctly identified. The identification shall correspond to the data on the circuit diagram.
When components have standard port identifications applied by the component supplier, these
shall be supplemented by identifications corresponding to the circuit diagram (see 5.2.1 and
5.2.2).
9
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...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 4413:2000
01-september-2000
)OXLGQDWHKQLND+LGUDYOLND6SORãQDSUDYLOD]DXSRUDERKLGUDYOLþQLKVLVWHPRY
Hydraulic fluid power -- General rules relating to systems
Transmissions hydrauliques -- Règles générales relatives aux systèmes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 4413:1998
ICS:
23.100.01 +LGUDYOLþQLVLVWHPLQDVSORãQR Fluid power systems in
general
SIST ISO 4413:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4413
Second edition
1998-08-15
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules
relating to systems
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles générales relatives aux systèmes
A
Reference number
ISO 4413:1998(E)
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 4413:2000
ISO 4413:1998(E)
Contents Page
. 1
1 Scope
2 Normative references . 1
3 Definitions . 3
4 Requirements . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Hazards . 4
4.3 Safety requirements . 5
4.4 System requirements . 6
4.5 Site conditions . 7
5 System design . 8
5.1 Circuit diagrams . 8
5.2 Identification . 9
5.3 Installation, use and maintenance . 10
5.4 Use of standard parts . 11
5.5 Seals and sealing devices . 11
5.6 Maintenance and operating data . 11
5.7 Operation and maintenance manuals . 12
5.8 Ports . 12
5.9 System temperature . 12
6 Energy conversion components . 13
6.1 Hydraulic pumps and motors . 13
6.2 Cylinders . 14
6.3 Gas-loaded accumulators . 17
7 Valves . 19
7.1 Selection . 19
7.2 Mounting . 19
7.3 Manifolds . 20
7.4 Electrically operated valves . 20
7.5 Symbol plates .21
7.6 Adjustments .21
7.7 Removal . 21
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
©
ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
8 Fluids and conditioning components . 22
8.1 Hydraulic fluids .22
8.2 Fluid reservoirs .23
8.3 Filtration and fluid conditioning . 26
8.4 Heat exchangers . 28
9 Piping . 29
9.1 General requirements . 29
9.2 Pipe and tube requirements . 30
9.3 Support of piping . 30
9.4 Foreign matter . 31
9.5 Hose assemblies . 31
9.6 Quick-action couplings . 32
10 Control systems . 32
10.1 Unintended movement . 32
10.2 System protection . 32
10.3 Components . 33
10.4 Control systems with servo and proportional valves . 34
10.5 Other design considerations . 34
10.6 Location of controls . 36
10.7 Emergency controls . 36
11 Diagnostics and monitoring . 37
11.1 Pressure measurement . 37
11.2 Fluid sampling . 37
11.3 Temperature sensing . 37
12 Cleaning and painting . 37
13 Preparation for transportation . 38
13.1 Identification of piping . 38
13.2 Packaging . 38
13.3 Sealing of openings . 38
13.4 Handling facilities . 38
14 Commissioning . 38
14.1 Verification tests . 38
14.2 Noise . 38
14.3 Fluid leakage . 39
14.4 Final data to be provided . 39
14.5 Modifications . 39
14.6 Inspection . 40
15 Identification statement . 40
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
©
ISO 4413:1998(E) ISO
Annex A (informative) Items requiring supplier/purchaser agreement . 41
(informative) . 42
Annex B List of hazards
Annex C (informative) Cross reference list ISO 4413/EN 982 . 45
Annex D (informative) Bibliography . 51
Index . 54
iv
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
©
ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is
normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a
subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison
with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member
bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of
the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 4413 was prepared by Technical Committee lSO/TC 131, Fluid
power systems, Subcommittee SC 9, Installations and systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4413:1979), which has been
technically revised.
Annexes A to D of this International Standard are for information only.
v
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
©
ISO 4413:1998(E) ISO
Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under
pressure within an enclosed circuit.
The application of hydraulic fluid power systems requires a thorough understanding and precise
communication between supplier and purchaser. This International Standard was prepared to
assist that understanding and communication and to document many of the good practices
learned from experience with hydraulic systems.
Use of this International Standard assists:
a) the identification and specification of the requirements for hydraulic systems and
components;
b) the identification of respective areas of responsibility;
c) the design of systems and their components to comply with specific requirements;
d) understanding of the safety requirements of a hydraulic system.
General rules given in this International Standard have no legal status except those paragraphs
that are included in contractual agreements between purchasers and suppliers. Deviation from
those parts of this International Standard included in contractual agreements shall also be
agreed to in writing by the purchaser and supplier. Attention shall be drawn by the purchaser
and/or supplier to applicable national or local codes or laws.
General rules that contain the verb “shall” are counsels of good engineering practice,
universally applicable with rare exception. Use of the word “should” in the document is not an
indication of choice but an indication that the desirable engineering practices described may
have to be modified due to the peculiarities of certain processes, environmental conditions or
equipment size.
Titles or parts of the text which are marked with an asterisk (*) indicate subclauses for which
discussion is needed between the supplier and purchaser to define the requirements and/or
responsibilities. These are also listed in annex A.
vi
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SIST ISO 4413:2000
©
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 4413:1998(E)
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules relating to systems
1 Scope
This International Standard provides general rules relating to hydraulic systems on machinery
used in industrial manufacturing processes. It is intended as a guide for both suppliers and
purchasers, with a view to ensuring:
a) safety;
b) uninterrupted system operation;
c) ease and economy of maintenance;
d) long life of the system.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were
valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this
International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of
currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1219-1:1991, Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit
diagrams — Part 1: Graphic symbols.
Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit
ISO 1219-2:1995,
diagrams — Part 2: Circuit diagrams.
ISO 4400:1994, Fluid power systems and components — Three-pin electrical plug connectors
with earth contact — Characteristics and requirements.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-port directional control valves — Mounting
ISO 4401:1994,
surfaces.
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1)
ISO 4406:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding level of contamination by
solid particles.
Hydraulic fluid power — Particulate contamination analysis — Extraction of
ISO 4021:1992,
fluid samples from lines of an operating system.
ISO 5598:1985, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary.
2)
ISO 5781:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Pressure-control valves (excluding pressure-relief
valves), sequence valves, unloading valves, throttle valves and check valves — Mounting
surfaces.
ISO 6149-1:1993, Connections for fluid power and general use — Ports and stud ends with
ISO 261 threads and O-ring sealing — Part 1: Ports with O-ring seal in truncated housing.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-screw split-flange connections for use at
ISO 6162:1994,
pressures of 2,5 MPa to 40 MPa (25 bar to 400 bar) — Type I metric series and type II inch
series.
Hydraulic fluid power — Four-screw, one-piece square-flange connections for
ISO 6164:1994,
use at pressures of 25 MPa and 40 MPa (250 and 400 bar).
ISO 6263:1997, Hydraulic fluid power — Compensated flow-control valves — Mounting
surfaces.
Hydraulic fluid power — Pressure-relief valves — Mounting surfaces.
ISO 6264:1998,
Fluid power systems and components — Two-pin electrical plug connector with
ISO 6952:1994,
earth contact — Characteristics and requirements.
ISO 7368:1989, Hydraulic fluid power — Two-port slip-in cartridge valves — Cavities.
ISO 7789:1998, Hydraulic fluid power — Two-, three- and four-port screw-in cartridge valves —
Cavities.
ISO 7790:1997, Hydraulic fluid power — Four-port modular stack valves and four-port
directional control valves, sizes 02, 03 and 05 — Clamping dimensions.
ISO 8434-1:1994, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 1: 24°
compression fittings.
Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 2: 37°
ISO 8434-2:1994,
flared fittings.
_______________
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4406:1987)
2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 5781:1987)
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ISO 8434-3:1995, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 3: O-ring
face seal fittings.
ISO 8434-4:1995, Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use — Part 4: 24°
cone connectors with O-ring weld-on nipples.
ISO 10372:1992, Hydraulic fluid power — Four- and five-port servovalves — Mounting
surfaces.
ISO 10763:1994, Hydraulic fluid power — Plain-end, seamless and welded precision steel
tubes — Dimensions and nominal working pressures.
Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise
ISO/TR 11688-1:1995,
machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning.
3)
ISO 12151-1:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 1: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-3 O-ring face seal end.
3)
— Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
ISO 12151-2: ,
Part 2: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-1 and ISO 8434-4 24° cone connector ends with O-rings.
3)
ISO 12151-3:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 3: Hose fittings with ISO 6162 flange ends.
3)
ISO 12151-4:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 4: Hose fittings with ISO 6149-2 and ISO 6149-3 stud ends.
3)
ISO 12151-5:— , Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Hose fittings —
Part 5: Hose fittings with ISO 8434-2 37° flared ends.
IEC 204-1:1997, Electrical equipment of industrial machines — Part 1: General requirements.
IEC 529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code).
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 5598 and the
following definitions apply.
3.1 actuator: Component that transforms fluid energy into mechanical energy (e.g. motor,
cylinder).
Procedure by which a system is formally accepted by the purchaser.
3.2 commissioning:
3.3 component: Individual unit (e.g. cylinder, motor, valve, filter; but excluding piping)
comprising one or more parts, designed to be a functional part of a fluid power system.
_______________
3) To be published.
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3.4 control mechanism: Device that provides an input signal to a component (e.g. lever,
solenoid).
3.5 emergency control: Control function that brings a system to a safe condition.
3.6 function plate: Surface that contains information describing either the performance of a
manually operated device (e.g. on/off, forward/reverse, left/right, up/down) or the status of a
function performed by the system (e.g. clamp, lift, advance).
3.7 operating device: Device that provides an input signal to a control mechanism (e.g. cam,
electrical switch).
Any combination of fittings, couplings or connectors with pipes, hoses or tubes
3.8 piping:
which allows fluid flow between components.
3.9 purchaser: Party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equipment, system or
component and judges whether the product satisfies those requirements.
3.10 supplier: Party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchaser’s
requirements.
Arrangement of interconnected components which transmits and controls fluid
3.11 system:
power energy.
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The requirements given in 4.1.1 to 4.5 apply to all systems within the scope of this International
Standard.
4.1.1 Instructions
Hydraulic systems shall be installed and used in accordance with the instructions and
recommendations of the system supplier.
4.1.2 Language*
The purchaser and supplier shall agree on the language to be used for machine marking and
applicable documentation. The supplier shall be responsible for ensuring that the translation
has the same meaning as the original text.
4.2 Hazards*
When agreed between the purchaser and supplier, an assessment of the hazards listed in
annex B shall be performed. This assessment may include the influence of the fluid power
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system on the other parts of the machine, system or environment. Standards listed in annex B
may be used in this assessment.
So far as is practicable, the hazards identified shall be eliminated by design and, where this is
not practicable, the design shall incorporate safeguards against such hazards.
4.3 Safety requirements
4.3.1 Design considerations
When designing hydraulic systems, all aspects of possible methods of failure (including control
supply failure) shall be considered.
In each case, components shall be selected, applied, fitted and adjusted so that in the event of
a failure, safety of personnel shall be the prime consideration.
The prevention of damage to the system and the environment shall be considered.
4.3.2 Component selection
All components in the system shall be selected or specified to provide for safety in use, and
they shall operate within their rated limits when the system is put to its intended use.
Components shall be selected or specified to operate reliably under all intended uses of the
system. Particular attention shall be paid to the reliability of components that could cause a
hazard in the event of their failure or malfunction.
4.3.3 Unintended pressures
All parts of the system shall be designed or otherwise protected against pressures exceeding
the maximum working pressure of a system or any part of the system or the rated pressure of
any specific component.
The preferred means of protection against excessive pressure are one or more pressure relief
valves located to limit the pressure in all parts of the system. Alternative means, such as
pressure compensator pump controls, may be used, provided those means satisfy the
application requirements.
Systems shall be designed, constructed and adjusted to minimise surge pressures and
intensified pressures. Surge pressures and intensified pressures shall not cause hazards.
Loss of pressure or critical drop in pressure shall not expose persons to a hazard.
4.3.4 Mechanical movements
Mechanical movements, whether intended or unintended (including effects from, for example,
acceleration, deceleration or lifting/holding of masses), shall not result in a situation which is
hazardous to persons.
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4.3.5 Noise
For the design of low noise machinery and systems, see ISO 11688-1.
4.3.6 Leakage
Leakage (internal or external) shall not cause a hazard.
4.3.7 Temperature
4.3.7.1 Operating temperature
The full range of operating temperatures for the system or any component shall not exceed
those specified limits at which they can safely be used.
4.3.7.2 Surface temperature
Hydraulic systems shall be designed to protect persons from surface temperatures that exceed
touchable limits by either location or guarding.
4.4 System requirements*
The purchaser and supplier shall establish specifications for the operation and function of the
system, including
a) working pressure range;
b) operating temperature range;
c) type of fluid to be used;
d) cycle rates;
e) duty cycle;
f) service life of components;
g) sequence of events;
h) lubrication;
i) lifting requirements;
j) emergency and safety requirements;
k) details of painting or protective coating.
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4.5 Site conditions*
4.5.1 Specifications*
The purchaser shall specify on the inquiry all the information required for proper selection and
application of systems.
Examples of information required are
a) ambient temperature range of the installation;
b) humidity range of the installation;
c) available utilities, e.g. electricity, water, waste;
d) electric network details, e.g. voltage and its tolerance; frequency, available power
(if limited);
e) protection for electrical devices;
f) atmospheric pressure;
g) contamination;
h) sources of vibration;
i) possible severity of a fire or explosion hazard;
j) standard of maintenance available;
k) reserves, e.g. flow, pressure and volume;
l) space for access, maintenance and use, as well as the location and mounting of
components and systems to ensure their stability and security in use;
m) available cooling and heating media and capacities;
n) requirements for guarding;
o) legal and environmental limiting factors;
p) other safety requirements.
4.5.2 Drawings*
Where specified and agreed between the purchaser and supplier, the supplier shall provide
drawings that indicate
a) floor plan, including location and installation dimensions;
b) foundation requirements, including floor loading;
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c) water supply requirements;
d) electrical supply requirements;
e) piping layout (photographs may be used by agreement).
5 System design
5.1 Circuit diagrams
The supplier shall provide a circuit diagram in accordance with ISO 1219-2 which reflects the
system design, identifies the components and satisfies the requirements of clause 4.
The following information shall be included on or with the circuit diagram:
a) identification of all equipment by name, catalogue number, serial or design number, and
the manufacturer’s or supplier’s name;
b) the size, wall thickness and specification of pipe and tube and the size and specification of
hose assemblies;
c) the bore diameter of each cylinder, the diameter of each cylinder piston rod, the length of
stroke, the estimated maximum force and the speed required for the intended service;
d) the displacement per revolution, the maximum torque output, speeds and direction of
rotation required for the intended service of each hydraulic motor;
e) the flow rate and the direction of rotation of each pump, as viewed from the driven shaft
end;
f) the power, rotational speed, and the type of each pump prime mover;
g) the pressure settings;
h) the types of strainers, filters and replacement elements;
i) the volume of fluid required to fill the system to maximum level;
j) the recommended fluid type and viscosity grade;
k) when specified, the time sequence chart, e.g. the time range of the cycle and data or text,
or both, showing the operations performed, including the function(s) of the related
electrical and mechanical controls and actuators;
l) clear indication of any circuitry contained within circuit manifolds; where boundary lines or
boundary envelopes are used for this purpose, the boundary indicated shall include only
symbols of components mounted on or within the manifold;
m) clear indication of the function of each actuator in each direction;
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n) the pre-charge pressures and nominal volumes of accumulators;
o) the size, type and location of pressure test, sampling and bleed points in the circuit;
p) identification of all component or manifold ports (as marked on the component or
manifold);
q) the expected flow rate and maximum and minimum pressure of the cooling medium, and
the maximum temperature of the cooling medium supply;
r) identification of all electrical signal converters, as marked on the electrical circuit diagram.
5.2 Identification
5.2.1 Components
The following particulars shall be provided by the supplier and shown, if practicable, in a
permanent and readily visible form on all components:
a) the manufacturer’s or supplier’s name and brief address;
b) the manufacturer’s or supplier’s product identification;
c) the rated pressure;
d) symbols according to ISO 1219-1, with all ports correctly identified.
Where lack of available space would result in lettering too small to
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 4413
Deuxième édition
1998-08-15
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles
générales relatives aux systèmes
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules relating to systems
A
Numéro de référence
ISO 4413:1998(F)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 4413:1998(F)
Sommaire Page
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Définitions . 3
4 Exigences . 3
4.1 Généralités . 3
4.2 Phénomènes dangereux . 4
4.3 Exigences de sécurité . 4
4.4 Exigences relatives à un système . 5
4.5 Conditions d'implantation . 5
5 Conception du système . 6
5.1 Schémas de circuit . 6
5.2 Identification . 7
5.3 Installation, utilisation et maintenance . 8
5.4 Utilisation de pièces normalisées . 8
5.5 Joints et dispositifs d'étanchéité . 9
5.6 Consignes de maintenance et d'utilisation . 9
5.7 Manuels d'utilisation et de maintenance . 9
5.8 Orifices . 9
5.9 Température du système . 9
. 10
6 Composants de transformation de l'énergie
6.1 Pompes et moteurs hydrauliques . 10
6.2 Vérins . 11
6.3 Accumulateurs à gaz . 13
7 Soupapes et distributeurs . 14
7.1 Sélection . 14
7.2 Montage . 14
7.3 Blocs collecteurs . 15
7.4 Distributeurs à commande électrique . 15
7.5 Plaques indicatrices de symboles . 16
7.6 Réglages . 16
7.7 Dépose . 16
8 Fluides et composants de conditionnement . 16
8.1 Fluides hydrauliques . 16
8.2 Réservoirs de fluide . 18
8.3 Filtration et conditionnement du fluide . 20
8.4 Échangeurs de chaleur . 21
© ISO 1998
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publi-
cation ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord
écrit de l'éditeur.
Organisation internationale de normalisation
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Suisse
Internet iso@iso.ch
Imprimé en Suisse
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9 Tuyauteries . 22
9.1 Exigences générales . 22
9.2 Exigences relatives aux tuyaux et tubes . 23
9.3 Supports de tuyauteries . 23
9.4 Corps étrangers . 24
9.5 Assemblages de tuyauteries flexibles . 24
9.6 Raccords rapides . 25
10 Systèmes de commande . 25
10.1 Mouvements incontrôlés . 25
10.2 Protection des systèmes . 25
10.3 Composants . 26
10.4 Systèmes de commande à servodistributeurs ou à distributeurs proportionnels . 26
10.5 Autres considérations de conception . 27
10.6 Emplacement des commandes . 28
10.7 Commandes d'urgence . 28
11 Diagnostics et surveillance . 28
11.1 Mesurage de la pression . 29
11.2 Prélèvement d'un échantillon de fluide . 29
11.3 Contrôle de la température . 29
12 Nettoyage et peinture . 29
13 Préparation pour le transport . 29
13.1 Identification des tuyauteries . 29
13.2 Emballage . 29
13.3 Obturation des ouvertures . 29
13.4 Aménagements pour le transport . 29
14 Réception du matériel . 30
14.1 Essais de conformité . 30
14.2 Bruit . 30
14.3 Fuite de fluide . 30
14.4 Documents finaux à fournir . 30
14.5 Modifications . 30
14.6 Vérification . 30
15 Phrase d'identification (Référence à la présente Norme internationale) . 31
Annexe A (informative) Points nécessitant un accord entre le fournisseur et l'acheteur . 32
Annexe B (informative) Liste des phénomènes dangereux . 33
Annexe C (informative) Liste des références croisées ISO 4413/EN 982 . 35
Annexe D (informative) Bibliographie . 41
Index . 44
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Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée aux
comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du comité
technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en
liaison avec l'ISO, participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission
électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour
vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités
membres votants.
La Norme internationale ISO 4413 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 131, Transmissions hydrauliques
et pneumatiques, sous-comité SC 9, Installations et ensembles.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 4413:1979), dont elle constitue une révision
technique.
Les annexes A à D de la présente Norme internationale sont données uniquement à titre d'information.
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Introduction
Dans les systèmes de transmissions hydrauliques, l'énergie est transmise et commandée par l'intermédiaire d'un
liquide sous pression circulant en circuit fermé.
L'application de systèmes de transmissions hydrauliques nécessite une compréhension approfondie et une
communication précise entre le fournisseur et l'acheteur. La présente Norme internationale a été élaborée dans le
but d'améliorer cette compréhension et cette communication, et de documenter la plupart des bonnes pratiques
issues de l'expérience acquise en matière de systèmes hydrauliques.
L'utilisation de la présente Norme internationale facilite:
a) l'identification et la spécification de prescriptions applicables aux systèmes et composants hydrauliques;
b) l'identification des domaines respectifs de responsabilité;
c) la conception de systèmes et leurs composants pour se conformer à des exigences spécifiques;
d) la compréhension des prescriptions de sécurité applicables à un système hydraulique.
Les règles générales fournies dans la présente Norme internationale n'ont pas de statut légal, à l'exception des
paragraphes qui sont inclus dans les accords contractuels conclus entre un acheteur et un fournisseur. Toute
dérogation aux parties de la présente Norme internationale qui sont incluses dans des accords contractuels doit
également être agréée par écrit entre l'acheteur et le fournisseur. L'acheteur et/ou le fournisseur doivent tenir
compte des lois ou codes, nationaux ou locaux, applicables.
Les règles générales contenant le verbe conjugué «doit» sont des recommandations issues d'une bonne pratique
de l'ingénieur applicables dans tous les domaines, à quelques rares exceptions près. L'usage du terme
«il convient» dans le document ne constitue pas une indication de choix, mais signifie que les recommandations
décrites peuvent être modifiées en fonction des particularités de certains procédés, des conditions ambiantes ou
des dimensions de l'équipement.
Les titres ou parties du texte repérés à l'aide d'un astérisque (*) indiquent les paragraphes qui doivent faire l'objet
d'une discussion entre le fournisseur et l'acheteur pour définir les exigences et/ou les responsabilités. Ils sont
également listés dans l'annexe A.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO ISO 4413:1998(F)
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles générales relatives
aux systèmes
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale fournit des règles générales relatives aux systèmes hydrauliques des machines
utilisées dans les procédés de fabrication industrielle. Elle est destinée à servir de guide à la fois aux fournisseurs
et aux acheteurs, afin d'assurer:
a) la sécurité;
b) un fonctionnement continu du système;
c) une maintenance facile et économique;
d) la pérennité du système.
2 Références normatives
Les normes suivantes contiennent des dispositions qui, par suite de la référence qui en est faite, constituent des
dispositions valables pour la présente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, les éditions indiquées
étaient en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette à révision et les parties prenantes des accords fondés sur la présente
Norme internationale sont invitées à rechercher la possibilité d’appliquer les éditions les plus récentes des normes
indiquées ci-après. Les membres de la CEI et de l’ISO possèdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur
à un moment donné.
ISO 1219-1:1991, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Symboles graphiques et schémas de circuit —
Partie 1: Symboles graphiques.
ISO 1219-2:1995, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Symboles graphiques et schémas de circuit —
Partie 2: Schémas de circuit.
ISO 4400:1994, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Connecteurs électriques à trois broches avec
contact de sécurité — Caractéristiques et exigences.
ISO 4401:1994, Transmissions hydrauliques — Distributeurs à quatre orifices — Plan de pose.
1)
ISO 4406:— , Transmissions hydrauliques — Fluides — Code servant à définir le niveau de pollution par particules
solides.
ISO 4021:1992, Transmissions hydrauliques — Analyse de la pollution par particules — Prélèvement des
échantillons de fluide dans les circuits en fonctionnement.
ISO 5598:1985, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Vocabulaire.
2)
ISO 5781:— , Transmissions hydrauliques — Réducteurs de pression (à l'exception des limiteurs de pression),
soupapes de séquence, soupapes de décharge, soupapes d'étranglement et clapets de non-retour — Plan de
pose.
____________
1) À publier. (Révision de l'ISO 4406:1987)
2) À publier. (Révision de l'ISO 5781:1987)
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ISO 6149-1:1993, Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques et applications générales —
Orifice et éléments mâles à filetage ISO 261 et joint torique — Partie 1: Orifices à joint torique dans un logement
tronconique.
ISO 6162:1994 Transmissions hydrauliques — Brides de raccordement fendues à quatre vis pour des pressions
d'utilisation de 2,5 MPa à 40 MPa (25 bar à 400 bar) — Type I série métrique et type II série en inches.
ISO 6164:1994, Transmissions hydrauliques — Brides de raccordement carrées monobloc à quatre vis pour des
pressions d'utilisation de 25 MPa et 40 MPa (250 bar et 400 bar).
ISO 6263:1997, Transmissions hydrauliques — Régulateurs de débit — Plan de pose.
ISO 6264:1998, Transmissions hydrauliques — Limiteurs de pression — Plan de pose.
ISO 6952:1994, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Connecteurs électriques à deux broches avec
contact de sécurité — Caractéristiques et exigences.
ISO 7368:1989, Transmissions hydrauliques — Distributeurs à cartouche, à bride, à deux orifices — Logements.
ISO 7789:1998, Transmissions hydrauliques — Distributeurs à cartouche à visser à deux, trois et quatre orifices —
Logements.
ISO 7790:1997, Transmissions hydrauliques — Appareils empilables et distributeurs à quatre orifices, de tailles 02,
03 et 05 — Dimensions de montage.
ISO 8434-1:1994, Raccords de tubes métalliques pour transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques et applications
générales — Partie 1: Raccords à compression à 24°.
ISO 8434-2:1994, Raccords de tubes métalliques pour transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques et applications
générales — Partie 2: Raccords évasés à 37°.
ISO 8434-3:1995, Raccords de tubes métalliques pour transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques et applications
générales — Partie 3: Raccords à joints faciaux toriques.
ISO 8434-4:1995, Raccords de tubes métalliques pour transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques et applications
générales — Partie 4: Raccords à cône à 24°, à embout à souder à joint torique.
ISO 10372:1992, Transmissions hydrauliques — Servodistributeurs à quatre ou cinq orifices — Plans de pose.
ISO 10763:1994, Transmissions hydrauliques — Tubes de précision en acier soudés ou non, à extrémités lisses —
Dimensions et pressions nominales de travail.
ISO/TR 11688-1:1995, Acoustique — Pratique recommandée pour la conception de machines et d'équipement à
bruit réduit — Partie 1: Planification.
3)
ISO 12151-1:— , Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et applications générales — Flexibles de
raccordement — Partie 1: Flexibles avec raccord à joints faciaux toriques conformes à l'ISO 8434-3.
3)
ISO 12151-2:— , Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et applications générales — Flexibles de
raccordement — Partie 2: Flexibles avec raccords à cône à 24° et joint torique conformes à l'ISO 8434-1 et à
l'ISO 8434-4.
3)
ISO 12151-3:— , Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et applications générales — Flexibles de
raccordement — Partie 3: Flexibles avec bride conforme à l'ISO 6162.
3)
ISO 12151-4:— , Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et applications générales — Flexibles de
raccordement — Partie 4: Flexibles avec éléments mâles conformes à l'ISO 6149-2 et à l'ISO 6149-3.
____________
3) À publier.
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4)
ISO 12151-5:— , Raccordements pour transmissions hydrauliques et applications générales — Flexibles de
raccordement — Partie 5: Flexibles avec raccords évasés à 37° conformes à l'ISO 8434-2.
CEI 204-1:1997, Équipement électrique des machines industrielles — Partie 1: Règles générales.
CEI 529:1989, Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP).
3 Définitions
Pour les besoins de la présente Norme internationale, les définitions données dans l'ISO 5598 et les définitions
suivantes s'appliquent:
3.1 actionneur: Composant (par exemple moteur, vérin) qui transforme l'énergie d'un fluide en énergie
mécanique.
3.2 réception du matériel: Procédure par laquelle un système est formellement accepté par l'acheteur.
3.3 composant: Unité individuelle (par exemple vérin, moteur, distributeur, filtre, mais excluant la tuyauterie),
comprenant une ou plusieurs pièces conçues comme organe fonctionnel d'un système de transmissions
hydrauliques et pneumatiques.
Dispositif qui fournit un signal d'entrée à un composant (par exemple levier,
3.4 mécanisme de commande:
solénoïde).
3.5 commande d'urgence: Fonction de commande amenant un système en condition de sécurité.
3.6 plaque indicatrice de fonction: Surface contenant des informations indiquant soit le fonctionnement d'un
dispositif à commande manuelle (par exemple marche/arrêt, en avant/en arrière, gauche/droite, montée/descente)
ou l'état d'une fonction assurée par le système (par exemple serrage, levage, avance).
3.7 dispositif de service: Dispositif qui fournit un signal d'entrée à un mécanisme de commande (par exemple
came, interrupteur électrique).
3.8 tuyauterie; tuyautage: Toute combinaison de connecteurs, raccordements, tubes et/ou flexibles permettant
l'écoulement du fluide entre des composants.
3.9 acheteur: Partie qui spécifie les prescriptions applicables à une machine, un équipement, un système ou un
composant et qui juge si le produit satisfait à ces exigences.
3.10 fournisseur: Partie qui s'engage par contrat à fournir un ou des produits afin de satisfaire aux prescriptions
de l'acheteur.
3.11 système: Ensemble de composants reliés les uns aux autres qui permet de transmettre et de commander
l'énergie de(s) fluide(s).
4 Exigences
4.1 Généralités
Les exigences données de 4.1.1 à 4.5 s'appliquent à tous les systèmes relevant du domaine d'application de la
présente Norme internationale.
4.1.1 Instructions
Les systèmes hydrauliques doivent être installés et utilisés conformément aux instructions et recommandations du
fournisseur du système.
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4) À publier.
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4.1.2 Langue*
L'acheteur et le fournisseur doivent convenir de la langue à utiliser pour le marquage de la machine et dans la
documentation applicable. Le fournisseur a la responsabilité de s'assurer que toute traduction a la même
signification que le texte original.
4.2 Phénomènes dangereux*
Lors d'accord entre fournisseur et acheteur, une estimation des phénomènes dangereux listés dans l'annexe B doit
être effectuée. Cette estimation peut inclure l'influence du système hydraulique sur les autres parties de la machine,
le système ou l'environnement. Les normes listées dans l'annexe B peuvent être utilisées pour cette estimation.
Autant que possible, les phénomènes dangereux identifiés doivent être éliminés par conception et, si cela est
impossible, la conception doit intégrer les dispositifs de protection contre de tels phénomènes dangereux.
4.3 Exigences de sécurité
4.3.1 Considérations de conception
Lors de la conception de systèmes hydrauliques, tous les aspects possibles des modes de défaillance (y compris la
défaillance de l'alimentation) doivent être pris en considération.
Dans chaque cas, les composants doivent être sélectionnés, installés, raccordés et réglés de telle sorte qu'en cas
de défaillance, la sécurité du personnel doit être prioritaire.
La prévention des dommages matériels au système et à l'environnement doit également être prise en compte.
4.3.2 Choix des composants
Tous les composants du système doivent être sélectionnés ou spécifiés de manière à garantir une utilisation en
toute sécurité, et doivent fonctionner dans les limites spécifiées de par la conception et les essais lorsque le système
est mis en œuvre selon l'usage prévu. Les composants doivent être sélectionnés ou spécifiés de façon à présenter
des caractéristiques adéquates leur permettant de fonctionner de manière fiable dans toutes les conditions
d'utilisation prévues pour le circuit. Une attention particulière doit être portée à la fiabilité des composants dont la
défaillance ou le dysfonctionnement est susceptible de créer un phénomène dangereux.
4.3.3 Excursions de pression
Toutes les parties du système doivent être conçues ou protégées contre les pressions supérieures à la pression
maximale constante d'utilisation du système ou de toute partie du système, ou supérieures à la pression de
fonctionnement d'un composant donné.
En ce qui concerne la protection contre les surpressions, il est recommandé d'installer un ou plusieurs limiteurs de
pression, placés de manière à limiter la pression dans toutes les parties du système. Il est possible d'utiliser
d'autres dispositifs, comme par exemple des commandes par pompe compensatrice de pression, sous réserve que
ces dispositifs satisfassent aux exigences de l'application.
Les systèmes doivent être conçus, construits et réglés de manière à réduire au minimum les crêtes de pression et
les surpressions. Les crêtes de pression et la surpression ne doivent pas être source de phénomènes dangereux.
Toute perte de charge ou chute critique de pression ne doit pas engendrer de phénomènes dangereux pour les
personnes.
4.3.4 Mouvements mécaniques
Les mouvements mécaniques, qu'ils soient volontaires ou non (y compris les effets dus, par exemple, à
l'accélération, à la décélération ou au levage/serrage de masses), ne doivent pas engendrer de situations
dangereuses pour les personnes.
4.3.5 Bruit
En ce qui concerne la conception de machines et circuits peu bruyants, se reporter à l'ISO 11688-1.
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4.3.6 Fuites
Les fuites (internes ou externes) ne doivent engendrer aucun phénomène dangereux.
4.3.7 Températures
4.3.7.1 Températures en service
La plage complète des températures réelles du système ou des composants ne doit pas dépasser les limites
spécifiées auxquelles ils peuvent être utilisés en toute sécurité.
4.3.7.2 Températures de surface
Les systèmes hydrauliques doivent être conçus pour protéger les personnes contre des températures de surface
supérieures aux limites supportables, soit par le choix de l'implantation, soit par une protection.
*
4.4 Exigences relatives à un système
L'acheteur et le fournisseur doivent établir des spécifications relatives à l'utilisation et à la fonction du système,
comprenant:
a) plage des pressions d'utilisation;
b) plage des températures de service;
c) type de fluide à utiliser;
d) caractéristiques du cycle;
e) cycle opératoire;
f) durée de vie des composants;
g) séquence des événements;
h) lubrification;
i) prescriptions de levage;
j) prescriptions d'urgence et de sécurité;
k) détails relatifs à la peinture ou aux revêtements protecteurs.
4.5 Conditions d'implantation*
4.5.1 Spécifications*
L'acheteur doit spécifier dans sa demande toutes les informations requises pour une sélection et une application
convenables des systèmes.
Les informations requises comprennent, par exemple:
a) plage des températures ambiantes de l'installation;
b) plage d'humidité de l'installation;
c) services disponibles, par exemple électricité, eau, déchets;
d) détails du réseau électrique, par exemple tension et sa tolérance, fréquence, puissance disponible (si elle est
limitée);
e) protection des dispositifs électriques;
f) pression atmosphérique;
g) pollution;
h) sources de vibration;
i) gravité possible d'un risque d'incendie ou d'explosion;
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j) niveau de maintenance utilisable;
k) restrictions, par exemple en débit, pression et volume;
l) espace pour l'accès, la maintenance et l'utilisation, ainsi que l'emplacement et le m
...
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