iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ISO

ISO/IEC 7942-4:1998

(Main)

Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive

Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive

Technologies de l'information — Infographie et traitement d'image — Système graphique Kernel (GKS) — Partie 4: Archive de partie d'image

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
02-Sep-1998
ICS
35.140 - Computer graphics
Technical Committee
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 - Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation
Drafting Committee
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24/WG 6 - Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Completion Date
08-Dec-2021
Ref Project

Buy Standard

ISO/IEC 7942-4:1998 - Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive Released:9/3/1998ISO/IEC 7942-4:1998 - Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive Released:9/3/1998
PreviousNext
Standard
ISO/IEC 7942-4:1998 - Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive Released:9/3/1998
English language
10 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
First edition
1998-09-01
Information technology - Computer
graphics and image processing -
Graphical Kernel System (GKS) -
Part 4:
Picture part archive
- lnfographie et traitement d ’image -
Technologies de /‘information
Syst&me graphique Kernel (GKS) -
Partie 4: Archive de partie d ’image
Reference number
ISO/I EC 7942-4: 1998(E)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
Contents
...
111
..........................................................................................................
Foreword
iv
......................................................................................................
Introduction
1
......................................................................................................................
1 Scope
2
.............................................................................................
2 Normative references
3
............................................................................................................
3 Definitions.
4
.......................................................................................
4 Concepts .
4
..........................................
4.1 The structure of a GKS-94 picture part archive
4
. .
4.2 Metafile elements
4
.......................................................................................
4.3 Delimiter elements
4
...................................................................................
4.4 Functional capability
4
..................................................................................
4.4.1 Introduction
5
.......................................................................................
4.4.2 PPA-SET
. 5
..........................
4.5 Representation of picture parts in the picture part archive
7
....................................................................
5 Abstract specification of new element
7
.......................................................
5.1 Data type definitions and abbreviations
7
.......................................................................................
5.2 Delimiter element
8
.....................................................
6 Encodings of the GKS-94 Picture Part Archive
8
.................................................................................................
6.1 Introduction
8
......................................................................................
6.2 Character encoding
8
..........................................................................................
6.3 Binary encoding
8
......................................................................................
6.4 Clear text encoding
9
..................................................................................................
A Formal grammar.
10
..................................................................................................
B New element list
10
..............................................................................................
B.l Introduction
10
B.2 Delimiter elements .
0 ISO/IEC 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and micro-
film, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISO/IEC Copyright Office l Case postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
0 ISO/IEC
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commis-
sion) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of IS0 or
IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. IS0 and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with IS0 and IEC, also take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, IS0 and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISOLIEC
JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies
for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies
casting a vote.
International Standard ISO/IEC 7942-4 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Informa-
tion technology, Subcommittee SC 24, Computer graphics and image processing.
ISO/IEC 7942 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology - Computer
graphics and image processing - Graphical Kernel System (GKS).
Part I: Functional description
Part 2: NDC metaBle
Part 3: Audit trail
Part 4: Picture part archive
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of ISO/IEC 7942.
. . .
111

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
0 ISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
Introduction
The GKS-94 picture part archive provides a file format and encodings suitable for the storage and retrieval of
GKS-94 picture parts. The file format consists of a set of elements that can be used to describe the contents of
picture parts. This part of ISO/IEC 7942 extends the provisions of ISO/IEC 8632: 1992/Amd.2: 1995.
iv

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD @ ISOAEC
Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing -
Graphical Kernel System (GKS) - Part 4: Picture part archive
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 7942 provides a file format and encodings for the storage and retrieval of GKS-94 picture
parts. It is based on Part 2 of ISO/IEC 7942, the NDC metafile, which is itself an extension of the Computer
Graphics Metafile, Version 4 defined by ISO/IEC 8632:1992/Amd.2: 1995 (all parts).
1

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E) @ ISO/IEC
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
part of ISO/IEC 7942. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 7942 are encouraged to investigate the possi-
bility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO/IEC 7942- 1: 1994, Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Graphical Kernel
System (GKS) - Part I: Functional description
ISO/IEC 7942-2: 1997, Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Graphical Kernel
System (GKS) - Part 2: NDC metafile
ISO/IEC 8632: 1992/Amd.2: 1995, Information technology - Computer graphics - Meta$le for the storage and
transfer of picture description information (all parts). AMENDMENT 2: Application Structuring extensions.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
0 ISOfIEC
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 7942, the definitions given in ISO/IEC 7942-l and ISO/IEC 8632-
1 /Amd.2 apply.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 7942-4: 1998(E)
0 ISO/IEC
4 Concepts
4.1 The structure of a GKS-94 picture part archive
The structure of a GKS-94 picture part archive follows the GKS-94 NDC metafile described in Part 2 of this
International Standard. This in turn follows the structure of the Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) standard
(ISO/IEC 8632-l : 1992). The structure of a picture part archive is shown in figure 1. PPA is used as an abbre-
viation for PICTURE PART ARCHIVE and MF for metafile
BEGIN PPA MF MD . . . END MF
f- ,
Figure 1: General form of a picture part archive
A Computer Graphics Metafile is a collection of eleme
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ISO
ISO/IEC TS 5147:2023(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Guidelines for representation and visualization of smart cities

This document specifies guidelines for the representation and visualization of smart cities. This document: describes the concepts of a smart city, smart city object and smart city data, describes categories of data associated with smart cities,provides guidance for representation of smart cities, describes guidance for visualization of smart cities, provides guidance in selecting the appropriate representation and visualization technique for different categories of smart city data using standards, and provides use cases for applying standards to the representation and visualization of smart cities.

  • Technical specification
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 23488:2022(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environment data representation — Object/environmental representation for image-based rendering in virtual/mixed and augmented reality (VR/MAR)

This document specifies an image-based representation model that represents target objects/environments using a set of images and optionally the underlying 3D model for accurate and efficient objects/environments representation at an arbitrary viewpoint. It is applicable to a wide range of graphic, virtual reality and mixed reality applications which require the method of representing a scene with various objects and environments. This document: — defines terms for image-based representation and 3D reconstruction techniques; — specifies the required elements for image-based representation; — specifies a method of representing the real world in the virtual space based on image-based representation; — specifies how visible image patches can be integrated with the underlying 3D model for more accurate and rich objects/environments representation from arbitrary viewpoints; — specifies how the proposed model allows multi-object representation; — provides an XML based specification of the proposed representation model and an actual implementation example (see Annex A).

  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC TS 23884:2021(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Material property and parameter representation for model-based haptic simulation of objects in virtual, mixed and augmented reality (VR/MAR)

This document specifies: — physical and material parameters of virtual or real objects expressed to support comprehensive haptic rendering methods, such as stiffness, friction and micro-textures; — a flexible specification of the haptic rendering algorithm itself. It supplements other standards that describe scene or content description and information models for virtual and mixed reality, such as ISO/IEC 19775 and ISO/IEC 3721-1.

  • Technical specification
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 18038:2020(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental representation — Sensor representation in mixed and augmented reality

This document defines the framework and information reference model for representing sensor-based 3D mixed-reality worlds. It defines concepts, an information model, architecture, system functions, and how to integrate 3D virtual worlds and physical sensors in order to provide mixed-reality applications with physical sensor interfaces. It defines an exchange format necessary for transferring and storing data between physical sensor-based mixed-reality applications. This document specifies the following functionalities: a) representation of physical sensors in a 3D scene; b) definition of physical sensors in a 3D scene; c) representation of functionalities of each physical sensor in a 3D scene; d) representation of physical properties of each physical sensor in a 3D scene; e) management of physical sensors in a 3D scene; f) interface with physical sensor information in a 3D scene. This document defines a reference model for physical sensor-based mixed-reality applications to represent and to exchange functions of physical sensors in 3D scenes. It does not define specific physical interfaces necessary for manipulating physical devices, but rather defines common functional interfaces that can be used interchangeably between applications. This document does not define how specific applications are implemented with specific physical sensor devices. It does not include computer generated sensor information using computer input/output devices such as a mouse or a keyboard. The sensors in this document represent physical sensor devices in the real world.

  • Standard
    61 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 18040:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Live actor and entity representation in mixed and augmented reality (MAR)

This document defines a reference model and base components for representing and controlling a single LAE or multiple LAEs in an MAR scene. It defines concepts, a reference model, system framework, functions and how to integrate a 2D/3D virtual world and LAEs, and their interfaces, in order to provide MAR applications with interfaces of LAEs. It also defines an exchange format necessary for transferring and storing LAE-related data between LAE-based MAR applications. This document specifies the following functionalities: a) definitions for an LAE in MAR; b) representation of an LAE; c) representation of properties of an LAE; d) sensing of an LAE in a physical world; e) integration of an LAE into a 2D/3D virtual scene; f) interaction between an LAE and objects in a 2D/3D virtual scene; g) transmission of information related to an LAE in an MAR scene. This document defines a reference model for LAE representation-based MAR applications to represent and to exchange data related to LAEs in a 2D/3D virtual scene in an MAR scene. It does not define specific physical interfaces necessary for manipulating LAEs, that is, it does not define how specific applications need to implement a specific LAE in an MAR scene, but rather defines common functional interfaces for representing LAEs that can be used interchangeably between MAR applications.

  • Standard
    39 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 18039:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Mixed and augmented reality (MAR) reference model

This document defines the scope and key concepts of mixed and augmented reality, the relevant terms and their definitions and a generalized system architecture that together serve as a reference model for mixed and augmented reality (MAR) applications, components, systems, services and specifications. This architectural reference model establishes the set of required sub-modules and their minimum functions, the associated information content and the information models to be provided and/or supported by a compliant MAR system. The reference model is intended for use by current and future developers of MAR applications, components, systems, services or specifications to describe, compare, contrast and communicate their architectural design and implementation. The MAR reference model is designed to apply to MAR systems independent of specific algorithms, implementation methods, computational platforms, display systems and sensors or devices used. This document does not specify how a particular MAR application, component, system, service or specification is designed, developed or implemented. It does not specify the bindings of those designs and concepts to programming languages or the encoding of MAR information through any coding technique or interchange format. This document contains a list of representative system classes and use cases with respect to the reference model.

  • Standard
    61 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 18520:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Benchmarking of vision-based spatial registration and tracking methods for mixed and augmented reality (MAR)

This document identifies the reference framework for the benchmarking of vision-based spatial registration and tracking (vSRT) methods for mixed and augmented reality (MAR). The framework provides typical benchmarking processes, benchmark indicators and trial set elements that are necessary to successfully identify, define, design, select and apply benchmarking of vSRT methods for MAR. It also provides definitions for terms on benchmarking of vSRT methods for MAR. In addition, this document provides a conformance checklist as a tool to clarify how each benchmarking activity conforms to this document in a compact form by declaring which benchmarking processes and benchmark indicators are included and what types of trial sets are used in each benchmarking activity.

  • Standard
    61 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 18025:2014(Main)
Information technology — Environmental Data Coding Specification (EDCS)

ISO/IEC 18025:2014 provides mechanisms to specify unambiguously objects used to model environmental concepts. To accomplish this, a collection of nine EDCS dictionaries of environmental concepts are specified: classifications: specify the type of environmental objects; attributes: specify the state of environmental objects; attribute value characteristics: specify information concerning the values of attributes; attribute enumerants: specify the allowable values for the state of an enumerated attribute; units: specify quantitative measures of the state of some environmental objects; unit scales: allow a wide range of numerical values to be stated; unit equivalence classes: specify sets of units that are mutually comparable; organizational schemas: useful for locating classifications and attributes sharing a common context; and groups: into which concepts sharing a common context are collected. A functional interface is also specified. As denoting and encoding a concept requires a standard way of identifying the concept, ISO/IEC 18025:2014 specifies labels and codes in the dictionaries. ISO/IEC 18025:2014 specifies environmental phenomena in categories that include, but are not limited to, the following: abstract concepts (e.g., absolute latitude accuracy, geodetic azimuth); airborne particulates and aerosols (e.g., cloud, dust, fog, snow); animals (e.g., civilian, fish, human, whale pod); atmosphere and atmospheric conditions (e.g., air temperature, humidity, rain rate, sensible and latent heat, wind speed and direction); bathymetric physiography (e.g., bar, channel, continental shelf, guyot, reef, seamount, waterbody floor region); electromagnetic and acoustic phenomena (e.g., acoustic noise, frequency, polarization, sound speed profile, surface reflectivity); equipment (e.g., aircraft, spacecraft, tent, train, vessel); extraterrestrial phenomena (e.g., asteroid, comet, planet); hydrology (e.g., lake, rapids, river, swamp); ice (e.g., iceberg, ice field, ice peak, ice shelf, glacier); man-made structures and their interiors (e.g., bridge, building, hallway, road, room, tower); ocean and littoral surface phenomena (e.g., beach profile, current, surf, tide, wave); ocean floor (e.g., coral, rock, sand); oceanographic conditions (e.g., luminescence, salinity, specific gravity, turbidity, water current speed); physiography (e.g., cliff, gorge, island, mountain, reef, strait, valley region); space (e.g., charged particle species, ionospheric scintillation, magnetic field, particle density, solar flares); surface materials (e.g., concrete, metal, paint, soil); and vegetation (e.g., crop land, forest, grass land, kelp bed, tree).

  • Standard
    130 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 19775-1:2013(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Extensible 3D (X3D) — Part 1: Architecture and base components

ISO/IEC 19775, X3D, defines a software system that integrates network-enabled 3D graphics and multimedia. Conceptually, each X3D application is a 3D time-based space that contains graphic and aural objects that can be dynamically modified through a variety of mechanisms. ISO/IEC 19775-1:2013 defines the architecture and base components of X3D. The semantics of X3D describe an abstract functional behaviour of time-based, interactive 3D, multimedia information. ISO/IEC 19775-1:2013 does not define physical devices or any other implementation-dependent concepts (e.g. screen resolution and input devices). It is intended for a wide variety of devices and applications, and provides wide latitude in interpretation and implementation of the functionality. For example, it does not assume the existence of a mouse or 2D display device. Each X3D application: implicitly establishes a world coordinate space for all objects defined, as well as all objects included by the application; explicitly defines and composes a set of 3D and multimedia objects; can specify hyperlinks to other files and applications; can define programmatic or data-driven object behaviours; can connect to external modules or applications via programming and scripting languages; explicitly declares its functional requirements by specifying a profile; can declare additional functional requirements by specifying components.

  • Standard
    50 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ISO
ISO/IEC 9973:2013(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Procedures for registration of items

ISO/IEC 9973:2013 specifies procedures to be followed in preparing, maintaining and publishing the International Register of Items for any standard whose classes of items are applicable to this register. The items that may be registered fall into several broad categories including: computer graphics concepts, data structures used by relevant standards, spatial and environmental concepts, and profiles of relevant standards.

  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off