ISO/PRF 4211-1
(Main)Furniture — Tests for surface finishes — Part 1: Assessment of resistance to cold liquids
Furniture — Tests for surface finishes — Part 1: Assessment of resistance to cold liquids
This document specifies a method for the assessment of the resistance to cold liquids of all rigid furniture surfaces regardless of materials. It does not apply to leather and textile surfaces. The test is intended to be carried out on a part of the finished furniture, but can be carried out on test panels of the same material, finished in an identical manner to the finished product, and of a size sufficient to meet the requirements of the test. The type and number of test liquids (Annex A) and the test periods (Table 1) shall be stated in requirement specifications or shall be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier or interested parties. Annex A (normative) includes a selection of suitable test liquids. Other liquids can be used if required.
Ameublement — Essais des finitions de surface — Partie 1: Évaluation de la résistance aux liquides froids
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International
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ISO 4211-1
First edition
Furniture — Tests for surface
finishes —
Part 1:
Assessment of resistance to cold
liquids
Ameublement — Essais des finitions de surface —
Partie 1: Évaluation de la résistance aux liquides froids
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 4211-1:2025(en) © ISO 2025
ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
ii
ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus and materials . 2
6 Preparation and conditioning . 3
6.1 Conditioning.3
6.2 Test surface .3
7 Test procedure . 3
7.1 Testing .3
7.2 Test periods .4
8 Examination of the test panel . 4
9 Assessment of results . 4
10 Test report . 5
Annex A (normative) Liquids for testing surfaces . 7
Annex B (informative) Example for a testing matrix . 9
Bibliography .11
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
iii
ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 136, Furniture.
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 4211:1979, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— addition of Clause 3;
— revision of parameters of diffuse light source;
— removal of direct light source from list of required equipment;
— deletion of information and figure regarding “viewing cabinet”; ®
— addition of CAS Registry Numbers (see 5.10);
— addition of Table 2;
— revision of Annex A;
— revision of Table A.1;
— addition of Annex B.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4211 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
iv
International Standard ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
Furniture — Tests for surface finishes —
Part 1:
Assessment of resistance to cold liquids
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the assessment of the resistance to cold liquids of all rigid furniture
surfaces, regardless of materials.
It does not apply to leather and textile surfaces.
The test is intended to be carried out on a part of the finished furniture, but can be carried out on test panels
of the same material, finished in an identical manner to the finished product, and of a size sufficient to meet
the requirements of the test.
Annex A includes a selection of suitable test liquids. Annex B provides an example for a testing matrix.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-E04:2013, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part E04: Colour fastness to perspiration
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
test panel
panel including the test surface (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: It may be cut from a finished item of furniture or it may be a separate panel produced in the same
manner as the finished item of furniture.
3.2
test surface
part of the test panel (3.1)
3.3
test area
part of the test surface under the glass Petri dish
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
4 Principle
Discs saturated with the test liquids are placed on the test surface and covered by a glass Petri dish. After
a specified test period, the discs are removed and the test surface is left for 16 h to 24 h. Thereafter, the
test surface is cleaned and examined for damages such as discolouration, change in gloss, change in colour,
blistering and swelling. The test result is stated in a numerical rating code.
5 Apparatus and materials
The following apparatus and materials shall be used.
2 2
5.1 Discs, with a diameter of (25 ± 2) mm, of soft filter paper with a grammage of 400 g/m to 500 g/m ,
without colouring agent and glue.
5.2 Glass Petri dish, ground edges and without lips, external diameter (40 ± 2) mm and height
(25 ± 2) mm.
5.3 Tweezers.
5.4 Absorbent paper or tissue.
5.5 Cleaning cloth, white, soft absorbent.
5.6 Diffuse light source, providing evenly diffused light giving an illumination on the test surface of
(1 200 ± 400) lx. This may either be diffused daylight or diffused artificial daylight.
The daylight can be unaffected by surrounding trees, buildings, etc. When artificial daylight is used, it is
recommended that it can have a correlated colour temperature of (6 500 ± 200) K and an Ra greater than 92,
by using a colour matching booth in accordance with ISO 3668.
5.7 Test liquid, which shall be taken from the list of suitable test liquids given in Annex A. Test liquids
shall have a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C.
5.8 Deionized or distilled water, of a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C.
5.9 Cleansing solution, containing 15 ml/l of the cleansing agent (5.10) in water (5.8). This solution shall
be discharged after one day.
5.10 Cleansing agent, of the following composition:
®1)
— a mass fraction of 12,5 % sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (CAS Registry Number 25155-30-0); ®
— a mass fraction of 12,5 % polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan monostearate (CAS RN 9005-67-8);
— a mass fraction of 5,0 % ethanol (96 %);
— a mass fraction of 70 % water (5.8).
The cleansing agent shall be stored in a glass bottle in a cool, dark place. It shall be used within one year of
the day of preparation.
1) CAS Registry Number® is a trademark of the American Chemical Society (ACS). This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent
products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
ISO 4211-1:2025(en)
6 Preparation and conditioning
6.1 Conditioning
Conditioning of the test surface shall begin one week before testing. Conditioning shall be carried out in air
at a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C and relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %.
The conditioning time shall be stated in the test report.
6.2 Test surface
The test surface shall be substantially flat and of a size sufficient to meet the requirements of Clause 7
regarding the separation of the discs (5.1).
7 Test procedure
7.1 Testing
The type and number of test liquids (see Annex A) and the test periods (see Table 1) shall be stated in
requirement specifications or shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier or interested
parties.
Other liquids can be used if required.
Immediately after conditioning, the test shall be carried out in a test atmosphere of (23 ± 2) °C.
The test surface shall be horizontal. It shall be tested with the chosen test liquids at points which shall be
not less than 60 mm apart, from centre to centre, and, if possible, with centres not less than 40 mm from any
edge of the test surface. If there is any reason to suppose that the properties of the test surface can vary, two
tests shall be carried out.
The test surface shall be lightly wiped with a cleaning cloth (5.5) before testing.
Use clean tweezers for each type of liquid.
The test procedure is as follows:
a) Immerse a disc (5.1) into the test liquid (5.7) between 30 s and 60 s, lift with the tweezers (5.3) and
quickly wipe off the edge of the disc once against the edge of the vessel.
b) Quickly place it on the test surface and immediately cover with an inverted glass Petri dish (5.2). The
disc shall not be in contact with the edge of the glass Petri dish.
c) Record the position of each test liquid.
After the test period, remove the glass Petri dish and lift off the disc with the tweezers. Do not remove
fibres of paper adhering to the test surface. Soak up any remaining test liquid with the absorbent paper
(5.4) without rubbing and leave the test surface undisturbed for 16 h to 24 h in the test atmosphere without
covering it. The test surface shall be protected aga
...
ISO/DISPRF 4211-1:2024(en)
ISO/TC 136/WG 8
Secretariat: UNI
Date: 2024-122025-02-17
Furniture — Tests for surface finishes —
Part 1:
Assessment of resistance to cold liquids
Ameublement — Essais des finitions de surface —
Partie 1: Évaluation de la résistance aux liquides froids
PROOF
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus and materials . 2
6 Preparation and conditioning . 3
6.1 Conditioning . 3
6.2 Test surface . 3
7 Test procedure . 3
7.1 Testing . 3
7.2 Test periods . 4
8 Examination of the test panel . 4
9 Assessment of results . 4
10 Test report . 5
Annex A (normative) Liquids for testing surfaces . 7
Annex B (informative) Example for a testing matrix . 9
Bibliography . 11
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 136, Furniture.
This first edition of ISO 4211-1, together with ISO 4211-2, ISO 4211-3, ISO 4211-4 and ISO 4211-5 cancels and
replaces ISO 4211:1979, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— addition of Clause 3;
— revision of parameters of diffuse light source;
— removal of direct light source from list of required equipment;
— deletion of information and figure regarding “viewing cabinet”; ®
— addition of CAS Registry Numbers numbers (see 5.10(5.10););
— addition of Table 2;
— revision of Annex A;
— revision of Table A.1;
— addition of Annex B.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4211 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Furniture — Tests for surface finishes —
Part 1:
Assessment of resistance to cold liquids
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the assessment of the resistance to cold liquids of all rigid furniture
surfaces, regardless of materials.
It does not apply to leather and textile surfaces.
The test is intended to be carried out on a part of the finished furniture, but can be carried out on test panels
of the same material, finished in an identical manner to the finished product, and of a size sufficient to meet
the requirements of the test.
Annex A(normative) includes a selection of suitable test liquids. Annex B provides an example for a testing
matrix.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-E04:2013, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part E04: Colour fastness to perspiration
ISO 3668, Paints and varnishes — Visual comparison of colour of paints
43 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4.13.1
test panel
panel including the test surface (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: It may be cut from a finished item of furniture or it may be a separate panel produced in the same manner
as the finished item of furniture.
4.23.2
test surface
part of the test panel (3.1)
4.33.3
test area
part of the test surface under the glass Petri dish
54 Principle
Discs saturated with the test liquids are placed on the test surface and covered by a glass Petri dish. After a
specified test period, the discs are removed and the test surface is left for 16 h to 24 h. Thereafter, the test
surface is cleaned and examined for damages such as discolouration, change in gloss, change in colour,
blistering and swelling. The test result is stated in a numerical rating code.
65 Apparatus and materials
The following apparatus and materials shall be used.
2 2
6.15.1 Discs, with a diameter of (25 ± 2) mm, of soft filter paper with a grammage of 400 g/m to 500 g/m ,
without colouring agent and glue.
6.25.2 Glass Petri dish,
Glass Petri dish with ground edges and without lips, external diameter (40 ± 2) mm and height (25 ± 2) mm.
6.35.3 Tweezers.
6.45.4 Absorbent paper or tissue.
6.55.5 Cleaning cloth
White, white, soft absorbent cloth.
6.65.6 Diffuse light source
Light source, providing evenly diffused light giving an illumination on the test surface of (1 200 ± 400) lx. This
may either be diffused daylight or diffused artificial daylight.
The daylight can be unaffected by surrounding trees, buildings, etc. When artificial daylight is used, it is
recommended that it can have a correlated colour temperature of (6 500 ± 200) K and an Ra greater than 92,
by using a colour matching booth in accordance with ISO 3668.
6.75.7 Test liquid, which shall be taken from the list of suitable test liquids is given in Annex A. Test liquids
shall have a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C.
6.85.8 Deionized or distilled water
Deionized or distilled water, of a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C.
6.95.9 Cleansing solution
Solution, containing 15 ml/l of the cleansing agent (5.10) in water (5.8). This solution shall be discharged after
one day.
6.105.10 Cleansing agent
Cleansing agent, of the following composition:
®1)
— a mass fraction of 12,5 % (m/m) Sodiumsodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate [(CAS Registry Number
25155-30-0); ®
— a mass fraction of 12,5 % (m/m) polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan monostearate [(CAS RN 9005--67--8];);
— a mass fraction of 5,0 % (m/m) ethanol (96 %);
— a mass fraction of 70 % (m/m) water (5.8).
The cleansing agent shall be stored in a glass bottle in a cool, dark place. It shall be used within one year of the
day of preparation.
76 Preparation and conditioning
7.16.1 Conditioning
Conditioning of the test surface shall begin one week before testing. Conditioning shall be carried out in air at
a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C and relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %.
The conditioning time shall be stated in the test report.
7.26.2 Test surface
The test surface shall be substantially flat and of a size sufficient to meet the requirements of Clause 7
regarding the separation of the discs (5.1).
87 Test procedure
8.17.1 Testing
The type and number of test liquids (see Annex A) and the test periods (see Table 1) shall be stated in
requirement specifications or shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier or interested
parties.
Other liquids can be used if required.
Immediately after conditioning, the test shall be carried out in a test atmosphere of (23 ± 2) °C.
The test surface shall be horizontal. It shall be tested with the chosen test liquids at points which shall be not
less than 60 mm apart, from centre to centre, and, if possible, with centres not less than 40 mm from any edge
of the test surface. If there is any reason to suppose that the properties of the test surface can vary, two tests
shall be carried out.
The test surface shall be lightly wiped with a cleaning cloth (5.5) before testing.
Use clean tweezers for each type of liquid.
The test procedure is as follows:
a) Immerse a disc (5.1) into the test liquid (5.7) between 30 s and 60 s, lift with the tweezers (5.3) and
quickly wipe off the edge of the disc once against the edge of the vessel.
1)
CAS Registry Number® is a trademark of the American Chemical Society (ACS). This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent
products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
b) Quickly place it on the test surface and immediately cover with an inverted glass Petri dish (5.2). The disc
shall not be in contact with the edge of the glass Petri dish.
c) Record the position of each test liquid.
After the test period, remove the glass Petri dish and lift off the disc with the tweezers. Do not remove fibres
of paper adhering to the test surface. Soak up any remaining test liquid with the absorbent paper (5.4) without
rubbing and leave the test surface undisturbed for 16 h to 24 h in the test atmosphere without covering it. The
test surface shall be protected against dust without limiting the free access of air in any way.
After the 16 h to 24 h period, wash the test surface by lightly rubbing it with the cleaning cloth (5.5) soaked
first in cleansing solution (5.9) and then only water (5.8). Finally wipe the surface carefully with a dry cleaning
cloth (5.5).
Leave the test surface undisturbed, without covering it, for at least 30 min in the test atmosphere.
8.27.2 Test periods
Test periods shall be selected fro
...
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