ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022
(Main)Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) — Part 23: Smart Contracts for Media
Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) — Part 23: Smart Contracts for Media
This document specifies the means (e.g. protocols and application programming interfaces) for converting MPEG-21 XML and RDF media contracts (ISO/IEC 21000-19, ISO/IEC 21000-20, and ISO/IEC 21000-21) to smart contracts executable on existing DLT environments.
Technologies de l'information — Cadre multimédia (MPEG-21) — Partie 23: Contrats intelligents pour les médias
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 21000-23
First edition
2022-11
Information technology — Multimedia
framework (MPEG-21) —
Part 23:
Smart Contracts for Media
Technologies de l'information — Cadre multimédia (MPEG-21) —
Partie 23: Contrats intelligents pour les médias
Reference number
ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
© ISO/IEC 2022
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 Conventions . 3
4.1 Classes representation . 3
4.2 Namespace prefixes . 4
5 Overview . 5
5.1 General aspects . 5
5.2 Relationships between MPEG-21 CEL/MCO and DLTs . 5
6 Bidirectional conversion between MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contracts and smart
contracts for media . 8
6.1 Conversion from MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contracts to smart contracts for media . 9
6.1.1 MPEG-21 CEL/MCO parser . 9
6.1.2 Smart contract generator . 10
6.1.3 DLT tokens and payments manager . 10
6.2 Conversion from smart contracts for media to MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contracts . 11
6.2.1 Smart contract parser . 11
6.2.2 MPEG-21 CEL/MCO generator . 11
7 Narrative contracts .12
8 API for media contractual objects .12
8.1 Contract . 13
8.1.1 Contract .13
8.1.2 Encryptable . 17
8.2 Party . 18
8.2.1 Party . 18
8.2.2 Person/User . 19
8.2.3 CELPerson . 20
8.2.4 MCOUser . .20
8.2.5 Organization . . . 21
8.3 Deontic .22
8.3.1 DeonticStructuredClause/DeonticExpression .22
8.3.2 TextClause .23
8.3.3 CELDeonticStructuredBlock . 24
8.3.4 CELDeonticStructuredClause . 25
8.3.5 CELCondition . 26
8.3.6 MCODeonticExpression . 27
8.3.7 Permission .28
8.3.8 CELPermission .29
8.3.9 MCOPermission .29
8.4 Action .30
8.4.1 Act/GenericAction/Action .30
8.4.2 Trade . 33
8.4.3 Provide . 33
8.4.4 Payment .34
8.4.5 Notify . 35
8.4.6 UserDefinedAction . 36
8.5 Object . 37
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
8.5.1 Object . 37
8.5.2 Item . 37
8.5.3 IPEntity .38
8.5.4 Event . 39
8.5.5 Segment .40
8.5.6 Service .40
8.5.7 SubjectWrapperObject . 41
8.5.8 Track . 42
8.5.9 Interval. 43
8.6 Fact . 43
8.6.1 Constraint/Fact . 43
8.6.2 FactComposition .46
8.6.3 ActionEventFact . 47
8.6.4 TogetherWith .48
8.6.5 AccessPolicy .48
8.6.6 DeliveryModality .49
8.6.7 Device .50
8.6.8 IPEntityContext . 51
8.6.9 Language . 51
8.6.10 Length . 52
8.6.11 MaterialFormat . 52
8.6.12 Means.54
8.6.13 Runs .54
8.6.14 ServiceAccessPolicy. 55
8.6.15 ServiceChannelContext .56
8.6.16 SpatialContext . . 57
8.6.17 TemporalContext . 57
8.6.18 UserTimeAccess .58
8.6.19 UserDefinedFact . 59
9 API for MPEG-21 CEL/MCO parser .60
10 API for MPEG-21 CEL/MCO generator .60
11 Reference software and conformance .60
11.1 MPEG-21 template contracts . 62
11.1.1 Open Music Initiative use cases . 62
11.2 MPEG-21 Contract Expression Language .63
11.2.1 MPEG-21 CEL parser .63
11.2.2 MPEG-21 CEL generator .63
11.2.3 MPEG-21 CEL contracts to smart contracts for media (forward conversion) .63
11.2.4 Smart contracts for media to MPEG-21 CEL contracts (backward
conversion) .65
11.3 MPEG-21 Media Contract Ontology .66
11.3.1 MPEG-21 MCO parser . 67
11.3.2 MPEG-21 MCO generator .68
11.3.3 MPEG-21 MCO contracts to smart contracts for media (forward conversion) .68
11.3.4 Smart contracts for media to MPEG-21 MCO contracts (backward
conversion) .73
11.4 OpenAPI and demo . 75
11.4.1 OpenAPI . 75
11.4.2 MPEG-21 MCO OpenAPI server . 76
11.4.3 MPEG-21 CEL server . . 76
11.4.4 Demo . 76
Bibliography .78
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see https://patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 21000 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
Introduction
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standards include a set of RDF ontologies for the
codification of intellectual property (IP) rights information related to media. The ISO/IEC 21000-19
Media Value Chain Ontology (MVCO) which facilitates rights tracking for fair, timely, and transparent
payment of royalties by capturing user roles and their permissible actions on a particular IP entity.
The ISO/IEC 21000-19/AMD1 Audio Value Chain Ontology (AVCO) which extends MVCO functionality
related to the description of IP entities in the audio domain (e.g. multitrack audio and time segments).
The ISO/IEC 21000-21 Media Contract Ontology (MCO) which facilitates the conversion of narrative
contracts to digital ones related to exploitation of IP rights, payments and notifications. With respect
to the latter, an equivalent standard has also been developed but using XML schemas, known as
ISO/IEC 21000-20 Contract Expression Language (CEL).
Furthermore, the axioms in these XML schemas and RDF ontologies can drive the execution of rights-
related workflows in controlled environments, for example, Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs),
where transparency and interoperability are favored toward fair trade of music and media. Thus, the
aim of this document is to provide the means (e.g. protocols and application programming interfaces)
for converting these XML and RDF media contracts to smart contracts executable on existing DLT
environments.
By doing this conversion in a standard way for several smart contract languages it is going to ensure
that MPEG schemas and ontologies prevail as the interlingua for transferring verified contractual data
from one DLT to another.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-
21) —
Part 23:
Smart Contracts for Media
1 Scope
This document specifies the means (e.g. protocols and application programming interfaces) for
converting MPEG-21 XML and RDF media contracts (ISO/IEC 21000-19, ISO/IEC 21000-20, and
ISO/IEC 21000-21) to smart contracts executable on existing DLT environments.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 21000-19, Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) — Part 19: Media Value
Chain Ontology
ISO/IEC 21000-20, Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) — Part 20: Contract
Expression Language
ISO/IEC 21000-21, Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) — Part 21: Media
contract ontology
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
DLT
distributed ledger technology
distributed network of computers, ideally organized in a decentralized way, mutually agreeing on a
common state while tolerating failures (including malicious behavior) to some extent
3.1.2
smart contract
code deployed in a DLT or the source code from which such code was compiled
Note 1 to entry: The execution of smart contract instructions is distributed among the nodes of the DLT in which
it is deployed to. This execution is triggered via a DLT transaction and produces a change in the DLT state.
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
3.1.3
smart contract language
programming language used for creating the code of a smart contract, that is then compiled in another
code deployable to a specific DLT
3.1.4
smart contract template
source code of a smart contract written using a specific smart contract language for defining a common
behavior.
3.1.5
smart contract specification
set of information needed for the deployment of a smart contract and for populating the data structures
that the smart contract instructions are interacting with
3.1.6
DLT address
product of a cryptographic schema operation used to represent identities in a DLT
3.1.7
DLT governance
specification indicating the set of rules followed by the specific DLT protocol
3.1.8
token
object stored in a DLT and managed through one or more smart contracts, representing unique tangible
or intangible media assets, possessions, and accountable items
3.1.9
fungible token
token being changeable with other tokens
3.1.10
non-fungible token
token being non interchangeable with other tokens
3.1.11
MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contract
contract represented using ISO/IEC 21000-19, ISO/IEC 21000-20 and ISO/IEC 21000-21 elements
3.1.12
media contractual objects
set of machine-readable objects extracted from a specific MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contract
3.1.13
smart contract for media
deployed smart contract that is the result of the conversion process from a specific MPEG-21 CEL/MCO
contract
3.1.14
parser
software component that extracts a set of media contractual objects from an MPEG-21 CEL/MCO
contract or a smart contract for media
3.1.15
generator
software component that from a set of media contractual objects generates an MPEG-21 CEL/MCO
contract or a smart contract specification
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ISO/IEC 21000-23:2022(E)
3.1.16
DLT tokens and payments manager
component deploying a smart contract for media on a specific DLT
3.1.17
contract developer
actor providing the means to generate an MPEG-21 CEL/MCO contract or a smart contract in a specific
smart contract language (e.g. smart contract templates)
3.1.18
DLT system engineer
actor providing the information needed to deploy a smart contract in a specific DLT (e.g. DLT addresses
and governance)
3.2 Abbreviated terms
MVCO media value chain ontology
AVCO audio value chain ontology
CEL contract expression language
MCO media contract ontology
CEL/MCO ISO/IEC 21000-19, ISO/IEC 21000-20, and ISO/IEC 21000-21
IP intellectual property
API application programming interface
4 Conventions
4.1 Classes representation
The following conventions derive from the Object-Oriented Programming paradigm. In this sense
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are represented in terms of Classes definitions and Objects.
An Object is an instantiation of a Class while a Class contains the following properties:
— Name of the represented object.
— Type of the represented object. An object Type may be:
— Abstract which is only showing essential information with respect to an interf
...
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