ISO/TR 11674:1996

Ships and marine technology — Automatic pilots

Navires et technologie maritime — Pilotes automatiques

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-1996
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Jan-1996
• ICS: 47.020.70 - Navigation and control equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 8/SC 6 - Navigation and ship operations
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 8/SC 6 - Navigation and ship operations
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 27-Jul-2000

Relations

• Revised: ISO 11674:2000 - Ships and marine technology — Heading control systems
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

IS0
TECHNICAL
TR 11674
REPORT
First edition
1996-02-15
Ships and marine technology - Automatic
pilots
Navires et technologie maritime - Pilotes automatiques
Reference number
lSO/TR 11674: 1996(E)

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lSO/TR 11674:1996(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Stan-
dards, but in exceptional circumstances a technical committee may pro-
pose the publication of a Technical Report of one of the following types:
- type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publi-
cation of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts;
- type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where
for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility
of an agreement on an International Standard;
- type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different
kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard
(“state of the art”, for example).
Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years
of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into Inter-
national Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to
be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer
valid or useful.
lSO/TR 11674, which is a Technical Report of type 2, was prepared by
Technical Committee ISOK 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcom-
mittee SC 6, Navigation.
Following the fifth meeting of lSO/TC 8/SC 18, Navigational instruments
and systems, held in October 1990 in Tokyo, the proposal for standardiz-
ation of automatic pilots was approved. Then, lEC/TC 80, Marine naviga-
tional and radiocommmunication equipment and systems, proposed that
International Standards for automatic pilots should be developed jointly by
IS0 and IEC and this was subsequently accepted by both secretariats.
0 IS0 1996
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii

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0 IS0
ISO/TR 11674:1996(E)
The working draft, lSO/WD 11674, was aimed at satisfying the provisions
contained in IMO resolution A.342(IX), Recommendation on performance
standards for automatic pilots. The final committee draft, lSO/CD 11674,
was circulated for voting by both and was accepted as a DIS.
The fortieth session of the NAV Subcommittee of IMO, held in September
1994, considered an amendment to the resolution A.342(IX). Hence, the
IS0 Central Secretariat and the Secretariat of lSO/TC 8/SC 6, Navigation
(renamed and reorganized since 1995), agreed that the current document
be published as a Technical Report of type 2.
At a later date lSO/TC 8/SC 6 will develop International Standards on
automatic pilots, which will conform to the amended version of the IMO
resolution which is expected to be made at the forty-second session of the
NAV Subcommittee in July 1996.
This document is being issued in the Technical Report (type 2) series of
publications (according to subclause G.3.2.2 of part 1 of the lSO/lEC Di-
rectives, 1995) as a “prospective standard for provisional application” in
the field of navigational instruments because there is an urgent need for
guidance on how standards in this field should be used to meet an ident-
ified need.
This document is not to be regarded as an “International Standard”. It is
proposed for provisional application so that information and experience of
its use in practice may be gathered. Comments on the content of this
document should be sent to the IS0 Central Secretariat.
A review of this Technical Report (type 2) will be carried out not later than
three years after its publication with the options of: extension for another
three years; conversion into an International Standard; or withdrawal.
Annexes A and B of this Technical Report are for information only.

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ISO/TR 11674:1996(E)
TECHNICAL REPORT 0 ISo
- Automatic pilots
Ships and marine technology
3 Definitions
1 Scope
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the follow-
This Technical Report specifies the structure, per-
ing definitions apply.
formance, inspection and testing of automatic pilots
to be installed on board ships of 1 600 tonnes gross
tonnage and upwards. 3.1 course: Horizontal direction in which a ship is
steered or intended to be steered, expressed as the
It applies to the automatic pilots which enable a ship,
angular direction with respect to north, usually from
when navigating in accordance with the current regu-
000” at north, clockwise through 360”. Strictly, the
lations, to keep a preset course with minimum oper-
term applies to the direction through the water, not
ation of the ship’s steering gear, within limits related
the direction actually covered over the ground. Differs
to the ship’s maneuvrability, in conjunction with their
from heading.
source of heading information.
3.2 heading: Horizontal direction in which a ship
All requirements that are extracted from the
NOTE 1
actually points or heads at any instant, expressed in
recommendations of IMO Resolutions [A.342(IX) and
angular units from a reference direction, usually from
A.694(17)] are printed in italics.
000” at the reference direction clockwise through
360”.
2 Normative references 3.3 manual steering: Method of controlling the
steering gear manually, for example using a steering-
The following standards contain provisions which,
wheel.
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this Technical Report. At the time of publication,
3.4 automatic steering: Method of controlling the
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are
steering gear automatically to keep a ship’s heading,
subject to revision, and parties to agreements based
processing the heading information which is obtained
on this Technical Report are encouraged to investi-
by a gyrocompass or magnetic compass.
gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi-
tions of the standards indicated below. Members of
3.5 change-over device: Device for changing over
IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid
from automatic to manual steering and vice versa.
International Standards.
3.6 automatic steering device: Device which con-
I SO/R 694: 1968, Positioning of magnetic compasses
trols automatic steering.
in ships.
3.7 adjustment device: Device which changes the
IEC 945:1994, Marine navigational equipment -
characteristics of an automatic steering device, in-
Methods of testing and re-
General requirements -
cluding proportional rudder adjustment, derivative
quired test results.
rudder adjustment, integral rudder adjustment and
weather adjustment.
Maritime navigation and
IEC 1162-1:1995,
radiocommunica tion equipment and systems - Digi-
3.8 operating device: Switch, heading set device,
tal interfaces - Part 7: Single talker and multiple lis-
etc. which is used for operating an automatic pilot.
teners.
1

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0 IS0
ISO/TR 11674:1996(E)
a) heading signal processor (including possibly an
3.9 proportional rudder adjustment: Adjustment
indicator of the heading);
of a component of the total rudder command in pro-
portion to an instantaneous value of the difference
b) course setting control (which can be set to any
between the preset course and heading.
direction);
3.10 derivative rudder adjustment: Adjustment of
d automatic steering device;
a component of the total rudder command which acts
to control the rate of turn of the ship.
d ) adjustment and operating device;
3.11 integral rudder adjustment: Adjustment of a
e 1) change-over device (with steering mode indi-
component of the total rudder command so that an
cator);
integral value of the difference between the course
and heading becomes zero.
f) alarm signalling facilities which indicate a devi-
ation from the preset heading and failure in the
3.12 weather adjustment: Adjustment which mini-
power supply.
mizes unnecessary steering motion against yawing
caused by waves, swells and wind.
4.3 Requirements for function
3.13 heading signal processor: Unit which pro-
cesses the heading signal generated by a
The following requirements shall be fulfilled.
gyrocompass, magnetic compass, etc., and adapts it
before its use by the automatic pilot.
4.3.1 Changing over fro
Im automatic to manual
3.14 non follow-up steering: Method of controlling
steeri ng and vice versa
the steering gear (moving the rudder) as long as a
steering lever is activated.
4.3.1.1 Changing over from automatic to manual
steering and vice versa shall be possible at any rudder
3.15 follow-up steering: Method of controlling the
position and be effected by one, or at the most two
steering gear (moving the rudder) to an angle set on
manual controls, within a time lag of 3 seconds.
a follow-up steering unit.
4 Performance 4.3.1.2 Changing over from automatic to manual
steering shall be possible under any conditions, in-
cluding any failure in the automatic pilot including any
4.1 General
power failure.
4.1.1 An automatic pilot shall be capable of adapting
to different steering characteristics of the ship under
4.3.1.3 When changing over from manual to auto-
various weather and loading conditions.
matic steering, the automatic pilot shall be capable of
bringing the ship to the preset course. At this time,
4.12 An automatic pilot shall provide reliable oper-
no alteration of the current heading shall be possible
ation under prevailing environmental and normal op-
without intended action of the ship’s personnel.
era tional conditions.
4.3.1.4 Change-over devices shall be located close
4.1.3 An automatic pilot shall conform to clause 3
to each other in the immediate vicinity of the main
of IEC 945:1994, clause 3, class B bridge-mounted
steering position.
equipment.
4.3.1.5 Adequate indication shall be provided to
4.2 Constituents
show which method of steering is in operation at a
particular moment. This indicator shall be fitted at the
An automatic pilot shall be composed, as a minimum,
main steering unit.
of the following devices (see figure 1):
2

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Backup
Course setting Manual
device
control steering
I
k
1
t
7
Heading Automatic Rudder
Change-over Power Steering
Z
Rudder
- signal steering - servo
engine
device unit
processor device control
L
c
I
The automatic piLot specified in this Technical ReportI)
I) Portion enclosed by the thick line shows the constituent devices of an automatic pilot which are specified in this Technical Report.

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0 IS0
ISO/TR 11674:1996(E)
4.3.3 Rudder angle limitation
4.3.2 Operational controls and adjustment
controls
4.3.3.1 Means shall be incorporated in the equip-
ment to enable rudder angle limitation in the auto-
4.3.2.1 All operational controls shall permit normal
matic steering mode of operation. Means shall also
adjustments to be easily performed and shall be easy
be available to indicate when the angle of limitation
to identify from the position at which the equipment
has been reached or when the signal to get to the
is normally operated. Controls not required for normal
angle of limitation has been given.
operation shall not be readily accessible.
4.3.3.2 The rudder angle of limitation in the auto-
4.3.2.2 The number of operational and adjustment
matic steering mode of operation shall be capable of
controls shall be minimized as far as possible and they being set.
shall be designed to preclude inadvertent operation.
The number of operational controls, their design and
4.3.4 Countermeasure to yawing
manner of functioning, location, arrangement and size
shall provide for simple, quick and effective operation.
Means shall be incorporated to prevent unnecessary
The controls shall be arranged in a manner which
activation of the rudder due to normal yaw motion.
minimizes the chance of inadvertent operation.
4.3.5 Heading indication accuracy
4.3.2.3 Adequate illumination shall be provided in
If there i
s a heading in dication it shall not deviate from
the equipment or in the ship to enable identification
the corn pass heading by more than 0,5”.
of controls and facilitate reading of indicators at all
times. Means shall be provided for dimming the out-
4.3.6 Power supply
put of any equipment light source which is capable
of interfering with navigation.
4.3.6.1 An automatic pilot shall be capable of normal
operation under the following variation of the appro-
4.3.2.4 Unless features for automatic adjustments
priate power supply.
are incorporated in the installation, the automatic pilot
shall be provided with adequate adjustment controls
A
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