ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999
(Main)Information technology — Generic digital audio-visual systems — Technical Report on ISO/IEC 16500 — Description of digital audio-visual functionalities
Information technology — Generic digital audio-visual systems — Technical Report on ISO/IEC 16500 — Description of digital audio-visual functionalities
This Technical Report describes the functions that may be supported by systems using ISO/IEC 16500. These functions have been derived by analyzing the requirements of a number of example applications from the viewpoints of a range of participants, including: _ content providers _ IPR holders _ service providers _ rights collection agencies _ delivery system providers _ regulatory authorities _ end-users _ business support services _ equipment manufacturers _ financial services Applications, tools and functions are described from a behavioral viewpoint. The report does not assume any technical implementation for a particular service. The Technical Report consists of a main body, and a series of Annexes. The main body introduces the concept of a contour in the context of ISO/IEC 16500 and outlines its use in compliance and conformance definitions. The behaviour and parameters of sets of core functions and generic tools that can be derived from the functions are then presented. Nineteeen example applications are analysed and described in terms of generic and application specific functionalities. The main body concludes with an integrated summary listing of the functionalities required by users and providers of digital audio-visual applications and systems organised under a set of functional groupings . The User and Market Requirements and the corresponding Functional Requirements required for the IDB (Interactive Digital Broadcast) contour are defined in Annex A. Similar information is provided in Annex B for the EDB (Enhanced Digital Broadcast) contour. This overall structure is designed to readily incorporate future descriptions of new core functions, generic tools, sample applications and additional contours.
Technologies de l'information — Systèmes audiovisuels numériques génériques — Rapport technique sur l'ISO/CEI 16500 — Description des fonctionnalités audiovisuelles numériques
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Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/IEC
REPORT TR
16501
First edition
1999-12-15
Information technology — Generic digital
audio-visual systems — Technical Report
on ISO/IEC 16500 — Description of digital
audio-visual functionalities
Technologies de l'information — Systèmes audiovisuels numériques
génériques — Rapport technique sur l'ISO/CEI 16500 — Description des
fonctionnalités audiovisuelles numériques
Reference number
ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
©
ISO/IEC 1999
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
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ii © ISO/IEC 1999 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope .1
2 Sources for the identified audio-visual functions .1
3 Definitions.1
4 Acronyms and abbreviations.4
5 Conventions.5
6 DAVIC Contours .5
6.1 Conformance and Compliance . 6
6.1.1 Conformance.7
6.1.2 Compliance .7
7 Functions Required to Support DAVIC Applications.7
7.1 Core Functions. 7
7.1.1 Bit Transport .8
7.1.2 Session .8
7.1.3 Access Control .8
7.1.4 Navigation, Program Selection & Choice .8
7.1.5 Application Launch.9
7.1.6 Media Synchronization Links .9
7.1.7 Application Control.9
7.1.8 Presentation Control.9
7.1.9 Usage Data .9
7.1.10 User Profile .9
7.2 Home Networks. 9
7.3 Function Decomposition Table. 10
8 Common Requirements of Applications and Services.10
8.1 Navigation and Interaction. 10
8.1.1 Navigation.10
8.1.2 Interactive Play control .11
8.1.3 Multimedia Interactive Presentation.12
8.1.4 User interface .12
8.2 Service and Content Management . 13
8.2.1 Billing / Charging / Trading.13
8.2.2 Content Loading.14
8.2.3 Exception Procedures.20
8.2.4 Commercial Insertion.20
8.2.5 Session Management.21
8.2.6 Polling .21
8.2.7 Multiple Access to content.21
8.2.8 Operation and Maintenance .22
8.3 IPR and Security. 22
8.3.1 Introduction and General Requirements for Security.22
8.3.2 Viewpoints for Security Requirements .23
8.3.3 Security Category Definitions.23
8.4 General aspects on systems environment . 24
8.4.1 Interoperability.24
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
8.4.2 Platform Independence.25
8.4.3 Latency .25
9 Descriptions of Example applications.27
9.1 Movies on Demand . 27
9.1.1 Description .27
9.1.2 Base Specification .27
9.1.3 Characteristics .28
9.1.4 Extensions .28
9.2 Teleshopping . 29
9.2.1 Description .29
9.2.2 Base Specification .29
9.2.3 Characteristics .30
9.2.4 Extensions .30
9.3 Broadcast. 31
9.3.1 Description .31
9.3.2 Base Specification .31
9.3.3 Characteristics .32
9.3.4 Extensions .32
9.4 Near Video on Demand. 33
9.4.1 Description .33
9.4.2 Base Specification .33
9.4.3 Characteristics .34
9.5 Delayed Broadcast. 34
9.5.1 Description .34
9.5.2 Base Specification .35
9.5.3 Characteristics .35
9.5.4 Extensions .36
9.6 Games . 36
9.6.1 Description .36
9.6.2 Base Specification .36
9.6.3 Characteristics .37
9.6.4 Extensions .37
9.7 Telework. 38
9.7.1 Description .38
9.7.2 Base Specification .38
9.7.3 Characteristics .39
9.7.4 Extensions .39
9.8 Karaoke on Demand . 40
9.8.1 Description .40
9.8.2 Base specification.40
9.8.3 Characteristics .41
9.8.4 Extensions .41
9.9 Internet access . 41
9.9.1 Description .41
9.9.2 Base Specification .41
9.9.3 Characteristics .42
9.9.4 Extensions .43
9.10 News on Demand . 43
9.10.1 Description .43
9.11 TV Listings. 43
9.11.1 Description .43
9.12 Distance learning . 43
9.12.1 Description .43
9.13 Videotelephony . 44
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
9.13.1 Description .44
9.14 Home Banking. 44
9.14.1 Description .44
9.15 Telemedicine. 44
9.15.1 Description .44
9.16 Content production. 44
9.16.1 Description .44
9.17 Transaction Services. 44
9.17.1 Description .44
9.18 Videoconferencing . 45
9.18.1 Description .45
9.19 Virtual CD-ROM. 45
9.19.1 Description .45
10 Digital audio-visual functional groups and function descriptions.45
Annex A: Enhanced Digital Broadcast Contour.63
Annex B: Interactive Digital Broadcast Contour.79
Bibliography.95
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)
form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is
normally published as an International Standard ("state of the art", for example), it may decide by a simple majority
vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature
and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Report may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC TR 16501 was prepared by DAVIC (Digital Audio-Visual Council) and was adopted, under the PAS
procedure, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by
national bodies of ISO and IEC.
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
Introduction
ISO/IEC TR 16501 provides a detailed listing of the core functions, generic tool capabilities and sample
applications required by users and providers of digital audio-visual applications and systems. It introduces the
concept of a contour and defines the functions required for IDB (Interactive Digital Broadcast) and EDB
(Enhanced Digital Broadcast) contours. The Technical Report complements ISO/IEC 16500. It is the source of
the requirements used to identify the generic tool technologies defined in ISO/IEC 16500 and, in particular, it
identifies the user needs and market requirements which are addressed by the contour technology toolsets defined
in ISO/IEC 16500-3.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ©ISO/IEC ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
Information technology — Generic digital audio-visual systems
— Technical Report on ISO/IEC 16500 — Description of digital
audio-visual functionalities
1 Scope
This Technical Report describes the functions that may be supported by systems using ISO/IEC 16500. These
functions have been derived by analyzing the requirements of a number of example applications from the
viewpoints of a range of participants, including:
� content providers � IPR holders
� service providers � rights collection agencies
� delivery system providers � regulatory authorities
� end-users � business support services
� equipment manufacturers � financial services
Applications, tools and functions are described from a behavioral viewpoint. The report does not assume any
technical implementation for a particular service.
The Technical Report consists of a main body, and a series of Annexes. The main body introduces the concept of
a contour in the context of ISO/IEC 16500 and outlines its use in compliance and conformance definitions. The
behaviour and parameters of sets of core functions and generic tools that can be derived from the functions are
then presented. Nineteeen example applications are analysed and described in terms of generic and application
specific functionalities. The main body concludes with an integrated summary listing of the functionalities
required by users and providers of digital audio-visual applications and systems organised under a set of
functional groupings . The User and Market Requirements and the corresponding Functional Requirements
required for the IDB (Interactive Digital Broadcast) contour are defined in Annex A. Similar information is
provided in Annex B for the EDB (Enhanced Digital Broadcast) contour. This overall structure is designed to
readily incorporate future descriptions of new core functions, generic tools, sample applications and additional
contours.
2 Sources for the identified audio-visual functions
The functions specified in this Technical Report were derived by analyzing the requirements of a number of
example applications, and the generic requirements common to a range of applications. The applications
considered were all taken from the responses to the calls for proposals issued by DAVIC, and prioritized during
discussions within the DAVIC Applications Technical Committee. The example applications were used as the
focus for requirements analysis, and it is expected that a wide range of applications can be implemented using this
Technical Report and ISO/IEC 16500.
3 Definitions
This clause defines new terms, and the intended meaning of certain common terms used in this Report. ISO/IEC
16500-1 Annex A defines additional terms and, in some cases, alternative interpretations that are appropriate in
other contexts.
3.1. Access Control: Provides means to access services and protection against the unauthorized interception
of the services.
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
3.2. Access Network: a part of the Delivery system consisting of a collection of equipment and
infrastructures, that link a number of Service Consumer Systems to the rest of the Delivery system through a
single (or a limited number of) common port(s).
3.3. Application: a set of objects that provides an environment for processing Application Service Layer
information flows.
3.4. Application Programming Interface (API): set of inter-layer service request and service response
messages, message formats, and the rules for message exchange between hierarchical clients and servers. API
messages may be executed locally by the server, or the server may rely on remote resources to provide a response
to the client.
3.5. Assets: Things that a user sees or hears, e.g., bitmap, audio, and text.
3.6. Channel surfing: Viewing of many broadcast channels in a short time period by the End user.
3.7. Client: a service consuming object or system (block); (a synonym for user)
3.8. Compliance to a contour: providing all of the system functions specified in a contour according to the
mapping to ISO/IEC 16500 technologies specified in the corresponding annex of ISO/IEC 16500-3. See
subclause 6.1.2
3.9. Conditional Access: A means of allowing system users to access only those services that are
authorized to them.
3.10. Confidentiality: the protection of information from unauthorized disclosure
3.11. Conformance to a contour: providing system functions, as defined in a particular contour, used by the
services in a system for which conformance is declared. See subclause 6.1.1
3.12. Content Provider: one who owns or is licensed to sell content.
3.13. Control Word: the secret key used for a scrambling algorithm.
3.14. Control-information: information that may change the state of the object intercepting the information
flow, e.g., a remote control channel up command input. (In some cases an object may interpret a message but
reject a request and remain in its current state.)
3.15. Distribution Network: a collection of equipment and infrastructures that delivers information flows
from the Access Node to the Network Termination elements of the Access Network.
3.16. Email: Electronic mail. Email allows the sending of information in an electronic format from one
Internet user to another. Users are identified on the Internet by a unique email address.
3.17. Entitlement Control Message (ECM): Conditional Access messages carrying an encrypted form of
the control words or a means to recover the control words, together with access parameters, i.e., an identification
of the service and of the conditions required for accessing this service.
3.18. Entitlement Management Message (EMM): Conditional Access messages used to convey
entitlements or keys to users, or to invalidate or delete entitlements or keys.
3.19. FTP: File Transfer Protocol. FTP allows a connection to be made between two Internet computers in
order to transfer files between them.
3.20. Function: Features of a Digital AudioVisual System that are realized through Services. For example,
interactive play control (VCR-type controls) is a function. (See also Service)
3.21. Hierarchy: an arrangement of objects in order of rank; some objects in the arrangement are subordinate
to others; objects of the same hierarchical rank are peer objects
3.22. HTML: Hypertext Mark-up Language. HTML is a document formatting language used to specify the
format of Hypertext documents on the World Wide Web. HTML consists of ASCII text files with special tags to
specify formatting information. This includes the specification of Hypertext links, graphics information and plain
text.
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ISO/IEC TR 16501:1999(E)
3.23. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol. HTTP is the protocol Web servers and browsers use to send
request, accept request, send responses and receive response of documents on the World Wide Web. It also
specifies how to initiate transfers of data using other protocols such as FTP and SMTP.
3.24. Hypertext: Hypertext is text that a user may select in some manner to cause some different set of
information to be retrieved and displayed. A common example is a link on a Web page, which may be selected
causing a new Web page to be retrieved.
3.25. Interface: a point of demarcation between two blocks through which information flows from one block
to the other. A DAVIC interface may be a physical-interface or a logical-interface.
3.26. Internet: The term Internet is used in many ways in this document. It is widely understood to mean the
global network of computers tied together via different types of networks. These computers use a standard set of
protocols to communicate, mainly TCP/IP and UDP/IP.
3.27. Key management: The generation, storage, distribution archiving, deletion, revocation, registration,
and deregistration of cryptographic keys.
3.28. Navigation: the process of reaching a service objective by means of making successive choices; the
term may be applied to the selection of a service category, a service provider or an offer within a particular
service.
3.29. Network: a collection of interconnected elements that provides connection services to users
3.30. Network control function: The Network Control Function is responsible for the error-free receipt and
transmission of content flow information to and from the Server.
3.31. Non-repudiation: the proof of the origin and reception of a message. This means that the sender cannot
deny the sending of the message and the receiver cannot deny the reception of the message.
3.32. Partition: a decomposition or subdivision of an object into smaller objects; the created objects are
peers with respect to each other, but are hierarchically subordinate to the original partitioned object
3.33. Peer: of the same rank or order: peer objects belong to the same layer (category or classification).
3.34. Physical interface: An interface where the physical characteristics of signals used to represent
information and the physical characteristics of channels used to carry the signals are defined. A physical interface
is an external interface. It is fully defined by its physical and electrical characteristics. Logical information flows
map to signal flows that pass through physical interfaces.
3.35. Plane: a category that identifies a collection of related objects, e.g., obje
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