ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd 1:2018

Information technology - Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) - Part 19: Media Value Chain Ontology - Amendment 1: Extensions on time-segments and multi-track audio

Technologies de l'information — Cadre multimédia (MPEG-21) — Partie 19: Ontologie de chaîne de valeur de média — Amendement 1: Titre manque

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-May-2018
• ICS: 35.040 - Information coding
• ICS: 35.040.40 - Coding of audio, video, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 31-May-2018
• Due Date: 04-Jun-2019
• Completion Date: 04-Jun-2019

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO 18274:2023 - Welding consumables - Solid wire electrodes, solid strip electrodes, solid wires and solid rods for fusion welding of nickel and nickel alloys - Classification
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Amends: ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010 - Information technology - Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) - Part 19: Media Value Chain Ontology
• Effective Date: 21-Aug-2021

Overview

ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd 1:2018 is an amendment to Part 19 of the MPEG‑21 Multimedia Framework: the Media Value Chain Ontology (MVCO). This amendment extends MVCO to support precise description of time‑segments and multi‑track audio within composite audio IP entities. The standard formalizes the model as a normative OWL ontology (MVCO and an audio extension AUMVCO), supplies normative OWL/XML‑RDF in the annexes, and provides informative guidance and an API for ontology use.

Key topics and technical elements

• Ontology formalization: MVCO is expressed as an OWL ontology; the audio extension ontology URI is http://purl.oclc.org/NET/aumvco.owl. Normative OWL content is provided in Annexes B and C.
• New audio concepts: introduces classes and properties to represent:
  • Segment (a slice of an IP Entity that may contain another IP Entity)
  • Interval, TimeLine, Track and their relationships
  • Temporal properties: interval, start, end, duration, onTimeLine
  • Track relations: hasTrack, onTrack
  • Containment and part‑of relationships: hasSegment, contains
• Actions and rights: extends MVCO with actions such as Reuse (reuse of an IP Entity in a composite item) to enable rights and permissions modeling for sampled or reused audio.
• Interoperability bases: the timeline model references OWL Time concepts and a Timeline Ontology; the amendment aligns MVCO with existing multimedia metadata needs.
• Documentation: Clause structure, narrative model (Clause 6), formal ontology description (Clause 7), audio extension (Clause 8), and normative OWL in annexes.

Practical applications

• Rights management and licensing: locate reused samples, DJ mix segments, or per‑track content to determine ownership, permissions and royalties.
• Metadata enrichment for multi‑track formats: annotate multi‑track interactive music (e.g., MPEG‑A: Interactive Music Application Format) with per‑track IP provenance and segment timing.
• Content tracking and reporting: enable automated systems to trace contributions and value‑chain relationships across time and tracks for reporting and payouts.
• Media asset management and discovery: improve search, reuse detection, and versioning by specifying segments and track associations in metadata.

Who should use this standard

• Metadata architects, rights management system designers, music publishers, streaming platforms, DRM solution developers, and archives handling composite or multi‑track audio where accurate provenance, reuse tracking, and license enforcement are required.

Related standards

• ISO/IEC 21000 (MPEG‑21) series - MVCO is Part 19
• ISO/IEC 23000‑12 (MPEG‑A: Interactive Music Application Format) - referenced as a multi‑track use case
• W3C OWL Time and timeline ontologies - temporal modeling foundations

This amendment helps organizations model media value chains with precise temporal and track‑level metadata, enabling more transparent and automated rights management for contemporary audio production and distribution.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 21000-19
First edition
2010-06-15
AMENDMENT 1
2018-06
Information technology — Multimedia
framework (MPEG-21) —
Part 19:
Media Value Chain Ontology
AMENDMENT 1: Extensions on time-
segments and multi-track audio
Technologies de l'information — Cadre multimédia (MPEG-21) —
Partie 19: Ontologie de chaîne de valeur de média
AMENDEMENT 1: Titre manque
Reference number
ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2018
ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

© ISO/IEC 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 21000 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)
Information technology — Multimedia framework
(MPEG-21) —
Part 19:
Media Value Chain Ontology
AMENDMENT 1: Extensions on time-segments and multi-
track audio
Introduction
Add the following text after the last paragraph:
This document consists of eight Clauses and three Annexes. This technology is described in the
following sections of this document:
Model: The model is described in Clause 6, by way of a narrative description of the Value
Chain, its main elements and relations.
Representation: The MVCO has been formalized as a normative OWL Ontology, the description
of which is given in Clause 7. The description consists of listing the classes, the
object properties, the datatype properties, and the class individuals. Classes are
described by giving the name, an English definition, the class hierarchy, and the
restrictions imposed on the class. Annex B contains the normative OWL (XML/
RDF) comprising the entire semantics of the elements in the model.
Ontology Use: An informative section is provided with non-normative descriptions of use,
extensions and an API (Annex A).
Extension: An extension of the MVCO defining additional concepts for the description of the
value chain of composite IP Entities in the audio domain is described in Clause
8. Annex C contains the corresponding normative OWL (XML/RDF).

Scope
Replace the text with the following:
This document describes MPEG-21 Media Value Chain Ontology (MVCO). The MVCO can be used
to capture knowledge about media value chains and to represent it in a computer readable way, as
well as concepts in the domain and the relationships between those concepts.
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

Clause 3
Replace 3.1.1 to 3.1.61 with:
3.1.1
action
process of performing functions
3.1.2
adaptation
IP Entity that is a Work derived from another Work or Adaptation
3.1.3
AdaptationInstance
IP Entity which is an example of an Identified Adaptation Manifestation
EXAMPLE A file.
3.1.4
AdaptationInstanceCopy
IP Entity that is a copy of an AdaptationInstance
3.1.5
AdaptationManifestation
IP Entity which is an expression of an Adaptation
Note 1 to entry: IP Entity can be an object or an event.
3.1.6
AdaptationManifestationCopy
IP Entity that is a copy of an AdaptationManifestation
3.1.7
adaptor
user who produces an Adaptation and its AdaptationManifestations
3.1.8
anonymous
user whose identity is unknown
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

3.1.9
broadcast
action that delivers Content to a Device in a point-to-multipoint modality
3.1.10
collective
set of two or more Users
3.1.11
content
set of one or more Content Elements
EXAMPLE A Digital Item.
3.1.12
content element
type of data
Note 1 to entry: Content elements can be Resources, metadata, nested Contents, licenses, IPMP data,
IPMP tools and Use Data.
3.1.13
ContentHandler
user who is appointed to act on content on behalf of another User and within the scope and responsi-
bility of that second User´s rights
3.1.14
copy
mechanical reproduction of analogue or digital representation of a given IP Entity
Note 1 to entry: In the case of a digital Copy the result is of virtually identical quality while in the case
of an analogue Copy the result can vary considerably in quality.

3.1.15
CopyrightException
permission to invoke a right under exceptional circumstance
EXAMPLE When a particular Fact is true.
3.1.16
CreateWork
action of creating a Work without any previous IP Entity
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

3.1.17
creator
author
user who generates a Work and makes its Manifestations
3.1.18
distribute, verb
action of selling, renting or lending
3.1.19
distributor
user who distributes a Product
3.1.20
device
combination of hardware and/or software that allows a User to execute functions over Content and/or
IP Entities
3.1.21
download, verb
action of transferring a file or program from a central computer to a smaller computer or to a comput-
er at a remote location
3.1.22
EndUser
user in a Value Chain who ultimately consumes Content
3.1.23
EndUser Action
action performed by an EndUser
3.1.24
fact
positive proposition
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

3.1.25
identify
function of assigning a unique signifier that establishes the identity of entities, Devices, Content and
Content Elements
3.1.26
instance
IP Entity which is an example of an Identified Manifestation
Note 1 to entry: IP Entity can be an object or an event.
EXAMPLE A file.
3.1.27
instantiator
user who produces an Instance
3.1.28
Intellectual Property
IP
any identifiable product of the mind attributable to any person(s) or legal entitie(s) that can be repre-
sented or communicated physically and protectable by copyright or similar laws
3.1.29
interval
temporal entity defined by a start and end point
3.1.30
IP entity
type of IP represented by Content: Work, Adaptation, Manifestation, Instance, Product
3.1.31
MakeAdaptation
action of making an Adaptation
3.1.32
MakeAdaptationManifestationCopy
action of making an AdaptationManifestationCopy
3.1.33
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

MakeAdaptationInstanceCopy
action of making an AdaptationInstanceCopy
3.1.34
MakeAdaptationInstance
action of making an Instance from an AdaptationManifestation
3.1.35
MakeAdaptationManifestation
action of making an AdaptationManifestation
3.1.36
MakeCopy
action of making a copy
3.1.37
MakeInstance
action of making an Instance from a Manifestation
3.1.38
MakeManifestation
action of making a Manifestation
3.1.39
MakeWorkInstanceCopy
action of making a WorkInstanceCopy
3.1.40
MakeWorkManifestationCopy
action of making a WorkManifestationCopy
3.1.41
MakeWorkInstance
action of making an Instance from a WorkManifestation
3.1.42
MakeWorkManifestation
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

action of making a Manifestation of a Work
3.1.43
manifestation
IP Entity which is an expression of a Work
Note 1 to entry: IP Entity can be an object or an event.
3.1.44
permission
authorisation from one Rights owner to one or more Users to perform one or more Actions on a given
IP Entity
3.1.45
private copy
action of storing Content and hold it private for non commercial purposes
3.1.46
produce, verb
action of making Products
3.1.47
producer
user that makes Products
3.1.48
product
IP Entity that adds value to IP Entities by including them with an appropriate licence for publishing
3.1.49
public communication
action of publicly displaying/performing
EXAMPLE Live performance, radio, television, internet streaming, multicast of Instances and Man-
ifestations, and download.
3.1.50
render
action of converting a Resource to a human-perceivable form
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ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010/Amd.1:2018(E)

3.1.51
represent
express information in a form that can be processed by a digital or analogue Device
3.1.52
resource
Data that can be processed by a Device
Note 1 to entry: This is only applicable to data whose Representation is not specified by ISO/IEC 21000.
EXAMPLE An MP3 file or an executable code.
3.1.53
reuse, verb
action of using an IP Entity for the creation of another IP Entity
3.1.54
right
ability of performing one or more functions over IP Entities as a consequence of ownership or Per-
missions
3.1.55
role
defined set of Actions and corresponding conditions attributed to and required of a User
3.1.56
segment