ISO 2789:2006
(Main)Information and documentation - International library statistics
Information and documentation - International library statistics
ISO 2789:2006 specifies rules for the library and information services community on the collection and reporting of statistics for the purposes of international reporting, to ensure conformity between countries for those statistical measures that are frequently used by library managers but do not qualify for international reporting, to encourage good practice in the use of statistics for the management of library and information services, and to specify data provision required by ISO 11620.
Information et documentation — Statistiques internationales de bibliothèques
L'ISO 2789:2006 fournit des règles à la communauté des bibliothèques et des services d'information pour la collecte et la présentation de statistiques en vue de l'établissement de synthèses sur le plan international, pour assurer la conformité entre pays de mesures statistiques fréquemment utilisées par les gestionnaires de bibliothèques mais sans pour autant servir à l'établissement de synthèses internationales, pour encourager une bonne pratique des statistiques dans la gestion des bibliothèques et des services d'information, et pour définir les données exigées par l'ISO 11620.
Informatika in dokumentacija - Mednarodna statistika za knjižnice
Ta mednarodni standard določa pravila za knjižnice in skupnost informacijskih storitev za zbiranje in poročanje statistike – za namene mednarodnega poročanja, - za zagotavljanje skladnosti med državami za tiste statistične ukrepe, ki jih pogosto uporabljajo vodje knjižnic in ki ne ustrezajo mednarodnemu poročanju, - za spodbujanje dobre prakse pri uporabi statistike za vodenje knjižnic in informacijskih storitev, ter za določevanje zbiranja podatkov po ISO 11620.
General Information
Relations
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 2789:2006 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Information and documentation - International library statistics". This standard covers: ISO 2789:2006 specifies rules for the library and information services community on the collection and reporting of statistics for the purposes of international reporting, to ensure conformity between countries for those statistical measures that are frequently used by library managers but do not qualify for international reporting, to encourage good practice in the use of statistics for the management of library and information services, and to specify data provision required by ISO 11620.
ISO 2789:2006 specifies rules for the library and information services community on the collection and reporting of statistics for the purposes of international reporting, to ensure conformity between countries for those statistical measures that are frequently used by library managers but do not qualify for international reporting, to encourage good practice in the use of statistics for the management of library and information services, and to specify data provision required by ISO 11620.
ISO 2789:2006 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 01.140.20 - Information sciences. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 2789:2006 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 13355:2016, ISO 2789:2013, ISO 2789:2003. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase ISO 2789:2006 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2789
Fourth edition
2006-09-15
Information and documentation —
International library statistics
Information et documentation — Statistiques internationales de
bibliothèques
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
3.1 Libraries. 1
3.2 Collection. 4
3.3 Library use and users. 10
3.4 Access and facilities. 15
3.5 Expenditure . 15
3.6 Library staff . 16
4 Uses, benefits and limitations of statistics. 16
4.1 Background . 16
4.2 Developments in library practice . 17
4.3 Selection of statistics for the library. 17
5 Reporting statistical data. 18
5.1 General. 18
5.2 Time period to which data refer . 18
5.3 Data estimated by sample. 18
6 Collecting statistical data . 18
6.1 Libraries. 18
6.2 Collection. 21
6.3 Library use and users. 28
6.4 Access and facilities. 33
6.5 Expenditure (during the reporting period) .35
6.6 Library staff (at the end of the reporting time period) . 37
Annex A (normative) Measuring the use of electronic library services . 39
Annex B (normative) Recommended categories for further statistical analysis. 52
Annex C (normative) Grossing up. 58
Bibliography . 59
Alphabetical index . 60
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 2789 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee
SC 8, Qualitiy — Statistics and performance evaluation.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2789:2003), which has been technically revised
to identify and overcome problems in the practical application of ISO 2789:2003 and to take account of the
rapid developments in electronic library services.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance to the library and information services community on the
collection and reporting of statistics.
Clauses 3 and 6 form the core of this International Standard. Clause 3 provides definitions for most of the
elements which constitute a library service; these are for statistical purposes only. Clause 6 recommends how
each of these elements should be counted. Users will need to consult both clauses for the complete picture.
In addition to the original purposes of giving general guidance on the keeping of library statistics for the
compilation of national statistics used for international reporting, there is a particular requirement to specify
data provision required by ISO 11620.
This International Standard includes definitions and counting procedures for electronic resources and services.
With regard to those clauses of the body of this International Standard that concern such electronic resources
and services, readers should particularly bear in mind the important explanations and guidelines of Annex A.
The form of an annex was chosen as it allows a more detailed description of methods and problems in
measuring use of electronic library services.
It is recognized that not all measures specified in this International Standard can be collected by libraries of
different type and size. To give greater completeness, several additional measures (important for some
sectors only) are described in Annex B. The aim is to ensure that, where a particular statistic is collected, the
same definitions and methods are used.
All the annexes are normative. Annex C is important for the compilation and publication of national statistics
so that they can be truly comparable between countries and over time.
The strong requirement to describe and publicize library activities can only be satisfied if data collection in
libraries follows the lines of this International Standard. As far as possible, libraries should collect all data
named in this International Standard that concern their activities.
The presentation and publication of statistics always need careful attention but are considered to be beyond
the scope of this International Standard.
This International Standard will be maintained by a Working Group that will monitor developments and
incorporate additional statistical measures as needed.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2789:2006(E)
Information and documentation — International library
statistics
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies rules for the library and information services community on the collection
and reporting of statistics
⎯ for the purposes of international reporting,
⎯ to ensure conformity between countries for those statistical measures that are frequently used by library
managers but do not qualify for international reporting,
⎯ to encourage good practice in the use of statistics for the management of library and information services,
and
⎯ to specify data provision required by ISO 11620.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 11620:1998, Information and documentation — Library performance indicators
ISO 11620:1998/Amd. 1:2003, Information and documentation — Library performance indicators —
Amendment 1: Additional performance indicators for libraries
1)
ISO/TR 20983:2003, Information and documentation — Performance indicators for electronic library services
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Libraries
3.1.1
administrative unit
any independent library, or group of libraries, under a single director or a single administration
NOTE 1 The term “independent” does not imply legal or financial independence but only that the library is a
recognizably separate unit, typically within a larger organization.
1) ISO/TR 20983 and ISO 11620:1998/Amd. 1 will be incorporated into the second edition of ISO 11620.
NOTE 2 Typically, the administrative unit is an organization containing a central/main library, branch libraries and
administrative functions. See the Example in 6.1.1.
3.1.2
branch library
part of a larger administrative unit providing, in separate quarters, a service for a particular user group (e.g.
children, faculties) or for a locally defined clientele
NOTE Institute, departmental and other affiliated libraries are included. Mobile libraries are excluded.
3.1.3
central library
main library
usually that part or those parts of an administrative unit where the main administrative functions and the
important parts of the library collection and services are located
NOTE An administrative unit comprising several branch libraries does not necessarily include a central library.
3.1.4
external service point
point away from library premises at which a certain service is regularly offered to users
NOTE 1 This includes places within a locality at which library material is deposited for informal circulation to a restricted
group of users but without other library services, for example, old peoples' homes, community centres, collections for
hospital patients, etc. Mobile libraries are excluded.
NOTE 2 The points at which mobile libraries stop are not counted as external service points.
NOTE 3 A simple PC connection to a place outside the library (e.g. in a students' home) is not counted as an external
service point.
3.1.5
library
organization, or part of an organization, the main aims of which are to build and maintain a collection and to
facilitate the use of such information resources and facilities as are required to meet the informational,
research, educational, cultural or recreational needs of its users
NOTE 1 These are the basic requirements for a library and do not exclude any additional resources and services
incidental to its main purpose.
NOTE 2 Where a library has more than one function (e.g. school library and public library), it generally either decides
what is its primary function or, in extreme cases, divides its functionality and report data accordingly.
3.1.6
library of an institution of higher education
library whose primary function is to serve students, academic and professional staff in universities and other
institutions of education at the third (tertiary) level and above
NOTE It can also serve the general public.
3.1.7
mobile library
library, sometimes a division of a public library, using transport means and furnished to provide documents
and services directly to users as an alternative to access on library premises
NOTE Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.16.
3.1.8
national library
library that is responsible for acquiring and conserving copies of all relevant documents in the country in which
the library is located; it may function as a legal deposit library
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.02.
NOTE 2 A national library will also normally perform some or all of the following functions:
⎯ produce the national bibliography,
⎯ hold and keep up to date a large and representative collection of foreign literature including documents about the
country;
⎯ act as a national bibliographic information centre;
⎯ compile union catalogues;
⎯ supervise the administration of other libraries and/or promote collaboration;
⎯ coordinate a research and development service.
NOTE 3 The definition of “national library” allows for more than one national library in a country.
3.1.9
public library
general library that serves the whole population of a local or regional community and is usually financed, in
whole or in part, from public funds
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.15.
NOTE 2 A public library can be intended for the general public or for special groups of users, such as children, visually
impaired persons, hospital patients or prisoners. Its basic services are free of charge or available for a subsidized fee. This
definition includes services provided to schools by a public library organization and services provided to public libraries in
a region by a regional organization.
3.1.10
school library
library attached to all types of schools below the third (tertiary) level of education whose primary function is to
serve the pupils and teachers of such a school
NOTE 1 A school library can also serve the general public.
NOTE 2 This includes libraries and resource collections in all educational institutions below the third level, which can
be described as “Colleges”, “Colleges of Further Education”, “Vocational Institutes”, etc.
3.1.11
special library
independent library covering one discipline or particular field of knowledge or a special regional interest
NOTE 1 The term special library includes libraries primarily serving a specific category of users, or primarily devoted to
a specific form of document, or libraries sponsored by an organization to serve its own work-related objectives.
NOTE 2 The statistics of special libraries are generally collected and presented separately for those in the areas given
in 3.1.11.1 to 3.1.11.7 (differentiated according to funding institutions).
3.1.11.1
government library
library maintained to serve any government service, department or agency, or parliament, including both
international, national and local (regional) government organizations
3.1.11.2
health-service library
medical library
library which serves health-service professionals in hospitals or elsewhere, whether in the private or public
sector
NOTE Pharmaceutical company libraries are generally included under 3.1.11.4.
3.1.11.3
library of professional and learned institutions and associations
library maintained by professional or trade associations, learned societies, trade unions and other similar
bodies whose primary objective is to provide services to the members and practitioners of a specific trade or
profession
3.1.11.4
industrial and commercial library
library in any industrial enterprise or business firm, maintained by the parent organization to serve the
information needs of its staff
NOTE The term “industrial and commercial library” includes libraries maintained by information and management
consultants, manufacturing and service industries and libraries of commercial legal practices.
3.1.11.5
media library
library serving media and publishing firms and organizations, including newspapers, publishers, broadcasting,
film and television
3.1.11.6
regional library
major library serving a particular region whose primary function cannot be described as that of a public, school
or academic library nor as part of a national library network
3.1.11.7
other special library
any library not included elsewhere, etc.
EXAMPLES Library within voluntary organizations, museums, religious institutions.
3.1.12
storage library
repository library
library whose primary function is to store less-used material from other administrative units
NOTE 1 Storage or repository libraries that are part of or administrated by another library (e.g. national or regional
library) are excluded.
NOTE 2 Libraries whose stock remains the possession of the storing libraries are excluded. The collections and their
use are counted with the proprietary libraries.
3.2 Collection
3.2.1
abstract and indexing database
collection of bibliographic references analysing and presenting, on a continuous basis, periodical and/or other
titles that usually relate to a common discipline or geographic area
NOTE This includes electronic reference and indexing tools which, in print form, would be counted as periodicals.
Databases primarily containing full text are excluded.
3.2.2
access rights
rights for reaching or using the library collection
NOTE For the electronic collection, this implies that the library has secured permanent or temporary access for its
users by law, license or other contractual and/or cooperative agreement.
4 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.2.3
addition
acquisition
document or item added to a collection during the reporting period
NOTE Additions can be obtained, for example, by purchase, licensing, legal deposit, digitization, donation or
exchange.
3.2.4
audiovisual document
document in which sound and/or pictures are prominent, and which requires the use of special equipment to
be seen and/or heard
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.1.19.
NOTE 2 This includes audio documents such as records, tapes, cassettes, audio compact discs, DVDs, files of digital
audio recordings; visual documents such as slides, transparencies, and combined audiovisual documents, such as motion
pictures, video recordings, etc. Microforms are excluded.
NOTE 3 The use of networked audiovisual documents is counted in accordance with Annex A.
3.2.5
book
non-serial printed document in codex form
3.2.6
cartographic document
conventional representation, on a reduced scale, of concrete or abstract phenomena which can be localized in
space and time
NOTE 1 Adapted from map in ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.2.1.28.
NOTE 2 This includes documents such as two- and three-dimensional maps, globes, plans, topographic models, tactile
maps and aerial representations, but excludes atlases and any other cartographic documents in codex, micro, audiovisual
and electronic form.
3.2.7
compact disc read-only memory
CD-ROM
computer-based information storage and retrieval medium based on laser technology that contains data in text
and/or multimedia formats
NOTE CD-ROMs are counted according to their contents as database, digital document, or electronic serial.
3.2.8
computer file
data or software program, e.g. computer game, language course and other application software that is
available on computer-readable disks, tapes or other storage media to users for loan or in-house use
NOTE Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
3.2.9
content unit
computer-processed uniquely identifiable textual or audiovisual piece of published work that may be original or
a digest of other published work
NOTE 1 Adapted from item in COUNTER code of practice, Release 2:2004.
NOTE 2 Descriptive records are excluded.
NOTE 3 PDF, Postscript, HTML and other formats of the same content unit will be counted as separate items.
3.2.10
database
collection of electronically stored descriptive records or content units (including facts, full texts, pictures, and
sound) with a common user interface and software for the retrieval and manipulation of the data
NOTE 1 The units or records are usually collected with a particular intent and are related to a defined topic. A database
can be issued on CD-ROM, diskette, or other direct-access method, or as a computer file accessed via dial-up methods or
via the internet.
NOTE 2 Licensed databases are counted separately even if access to several licensed database products is effected
through the same interface.
NOTE 3 A common interface providing access to a packet of serials or digital documents, usually offered by a
publisher or vendor, is also to be counted as database. Additionally, the single serials or digital documents need to be
counted as serials or digital documents.
NOTE 4 For further subdivision of databases, see B.2.1.7.
3.2.11
descriptive record
computer-processed bibliographic or other individual record in a standard format that references and/or
describes a document in any physical form or a content unit
NOTE 1 A collection of descriptive records is usually published in the form of a database.
NOTE 2 The record can include elements such as title, author, subject, abstract, date of origin etc.
3.2.12
digital document
information unit with a defined content that has been digitized by the library or acquired in digital form as part
of the library collection
NOTE 1 This includes eBooks, electronic patents, networked audiovisual documents and other digital documents, e.g.
reports, cartographic and music documents, preprints, etc. Databases and electronic serials are excluded.
NOTE 2 Items incorporated in databases are covered by 3.2.10.
NOTE 3 A digital document can be structured into one or more files.
NOTE 4 A digital document consists of one or more content units.
3.2.13
document
recorded information or material object, which can be treated as a unit in a documentation process
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 1.2.02]
NOTE Documents can differ in their physical form and characteristics.
3.2.14
digital versatile disk
DVD
a type of optical storage medium of the same size as a compact disk, but with significantly greater recording
capacity
3.2.15
electronic book
eBook
digital document, licensed or not, where searchable text is prevalent, and which can be seen in analogy to a
print book (monograph)
6 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
NOTE 1 The use of eBooks is, in many cases, dependent on a dedicated device and/or a special reader or viewing
software.
NOTE 2 eBooks can be lent to users either on portable devices (eBook readers) or by transmitting the contents to the
user's PC for a limited time period.
NOTE 3 Doctoral dissertations in electronic format are included.
NOTE 4 Documents digitized by the library are included.
3.2.16
electronic collection
all resources in electronic form in the library collection
NOTE The electronic collection includes databases, electronic serials, digital documents, and computer files. Free
internet resources which have been catalogued by the library in its online catalogue or a database need to be counted
separately (see 6.2.16).
3.2.17
electronic serial
serial published in electronic form only or in both electronic and another format
NOTE 1 Comprises serials held locally and remote resources for which access rights have been acquired, at least for a
certain period of time.
NOTE 2 Serials digitized by the library are included.
NOTE 3 Open access journals are regarded as free internet resources (see 3.2.18)
3.2.18
free internet resources
internet resource with unrestricted access
3.2.19
full-text database
digital collection of original texts (monographs, reports, journal articles, etc.), printed music, cartographic or
graphic documents
NOTE 1 Patents and electronic serials are excluded.
NOTE 2 A database with a mixture of full texts, moving images or sound and other items need to be counted as a
full-text database.
3.2.20
government document
document published at government expense or as required by law or by an international agency (e.g. United
Nations, European Union and UNESCO)
NOTE Patents are dealt with in 3.2.32. Other government documents are counted in accordance with their format
(see B.3.3.).
3.2.21
graphic document
print document in which pictorial representation is the most prominent feature
NOTE This is pictorial rather than linguistic, musical or cartographic in form. It includes art prints, art originals, art
reproductions, photographs, posters, study prints, technical drawings, etc., but excludes graphic items in codex form or in
microform, audiovisual and electronic form.
3.2.22
library collection
all documents provided by a library for its users
NOTE 1 Comprises documents held locally and remote resources for which permanent or temporary access rights
have been acquired.
NOTE 2 Access rights can be acquired by the library itself, by a consortium and/or through external funding.
NOTE 3 Acquisition is to be understood as deliberately selecting a document, securing access rights and including it in
the online catalogue or other databases of the library. Interlibrary lending and document delivery are excluded.
NOTE 4 Does not include links to internet resources for which the library has not secured access rights by legal
agreements (e.g. legal deposit right), license or other contractual and/or cooperative agreement. Free internet resources
which have been catalogued by the library in its online catalogue or a database need to be counted separately
(see 6.2.16).
3.2.23
manuscript
original document that is handwritten or in typescript
NOTE Bound volumes and other units (fragments, rolls, autographs, etc.) can be counted separately.
3.2.24
microform
photographic document requiring magnification when used
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.3.3.12.
NOTE 2 Microfiche and microfilm are included.
NOTE 3 Slides and similar documents are counted as audiovisual documents.
3.2.25
monograph
publication in print or non-print form, either complete in one volume or complete, or intended to be completed,
in a finite number of volumes
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.02]
3.2.26
monographic series
number of monographs related to other monographs through the addition of a collective title
[ISO 9707]
3.2.27
multimedia document
document combining different information media, text, graphics, photos, video, audio for interactive use, in
digital format
NOTE Multimedia documents are counted according to their main features or purposes e.g. as a database, an
electronic serial or a digital document.
3.2.28
newspaper
serial, which contains news on current events of special or general interest, the individual parts of which are
listed chronologically or numerically and usually appear at least once a week
NOTE Electronic newspapers are included.
3.2.29
other database
database containing descriptive information or numeric data that is usually consulted for specific pieces of
information, e.g. directories, encyclopaedias, dictionaries, statistical tables and figures, and/or collections of
scientific formulae
8 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.2.30
other digital document
digital document other than an eBook, networked audiovisual document or electronic patent, e.g. report,
preprint, cartographic or music document, etc. in electronic format
3.2.31
other library document
non-electronic document or item other than a book, serial, manuscript, printed music document, microform,
cartographic, audiovisual, graphic document, patent separately specified in this International Standard
NOTE This includes items such as dioramas and other three-dimensional documents, games, toys, etc. Documents
in Braille are counted as print documents.
3.2.32
patent
government document granting an inventor the sole right to use or license an invention together with
associated documentation
3.2.33
periodical
serial under the same title published at regular or irregular intervals, over an indefinite period, individual issues
in the series being numbered consecutively or each issue being dated
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 9707:1991, definition 2.32.
NOTE 2 Series of reports, transactions of institutions, series of regular conference proceedings and annuals are
included, while newspapers and monographic series are excluded.
NOTE 3 Electronic periodicals are included.
3.2.34
physical unit
physically coherent document unit, inclusive of any protective devices, freely movable against other document
units
NOTE 1 Coherence can be achieved, for example, by binding or encasement.
NOTE 2 For printed documents, the term “volume” is used for the physical unit (see also 3.2.39).
3.2.35
printed music document
document, the essential content of which is a representation of music, normally by means of notes
NOTE Printed music document can be in sheet or codex form.
3.2.36
serial
document in print or in non-print form, issued in successive parts, usually having numerical or chronological
designations, and intended to be continued indefinitely, whatever its periodicity
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.06.
NOTE 2 Monographic series are excluded and need to be counted as books.
NOTE 3 For the purpose of this International Standard, serials are subdivided into newspapers and periodicals, each of
these by format into electronic and non-electronic serials.
3.2.37
stock
number of documents of a certain type (e.g. books and serials, microforms, electronic serials) held locally or in
remote resources for which access rights have been acquired, at least for a certain period of time
NOTE To be measured at the end of the reporting period.
3.2.38
title
words at the head of a document thus identifying it and normally distinguishing it from others
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 4.2.1.4.0.1]
NOTE For measuring purposes, “title” describes a document, which forms a separate item with a distinctive title,
whether issued in one or several physical units, and disregarding the number of copies of the document held by the library.
[ISO 11620:1998/Amd 1:2003]
3.2.39
volume
physical unit for a printed document assembling a certain number of leaves under one cover to form a whole
or part of a set
NOTE Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.01.
3.2.40
withdrawal
document or item withdrawn from a collection during the reporting period
NOTE Withdrawals can be effected, for example, by discarding, transferring or, in the case of electronic resources,
by deletion from files or cancelling licenses.
3.3 Library use and users
3.3.1
active borrower
registered user who has borrowed at least one item during the reporting period
3.3.2
active user
registered user who has visited or made use of library facilities or services during the reporting period
NOTE This can include the use of electronic library services within or outside the library.
3.3.3
content downloaded
content unit that is successfully requested from a database, electronic serial or digital document
3.3.4
download
successful request of a descriptive record or content unit, e.g. for displaying, printing, saving, or emailing
NOTE For web server logs successful requests are those with specific return codes, as defined by NCSA (National
Center for Supercomputing Applications).
3.3.5
electronic document delivery (mediated)
electronic transmission of a document or part of a document from the library collection to a user, mediated by
library staff, not necessarily via another library
NOTE 1 Electronic transmission of documents to members of the population to be served is included. Fax transmission
is excluded.
NOTE 2 The electronic document delivery (mediated) can be split up as to transmission with or without charge to the
user.
NOTE 3 Unmediated downloading by users from the electronic collection of the library is excluded.
NOTE 4 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
10 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Table 1 — Forms of lending and delivery services
Supplier
Library Document supplier
Transmission format
Recipient
User Other library User (via library)
Original Loan ILL EDS
Print copy Loan ILL EDS
Electronic EDD EDD EDS
ILL: Interlibrary lending.
EDD: Electronic document delivery (mediated).
EDS: External document supply.
3.3.6
electronic service
electronic library service, which is either supplied from local servers or accessible via networks
NOTE Electronic library services include the online catalogue, the library website, the electronic collection, electronic
document delivery (mediated), electronic reference service, user training on electronic services and internet access
offered via the library.
3.3.7
external document supply
document or part of it, in printed or electronic form, delivered from outside the library collection by non-library
suppliers (not through interlibrary lending) with the library being involved in the transaction and/or the payment
NOTE 1 It is irrelevant whether a number of individual transactions is paid per view or a certain number of transactions
have been prepaid.
NOTE 2 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.8
external user
user of a library who does not belong to that library's population to be served
3.3.9
information request
information contact that involves the knowledge or use of one or more information sources (such as printed
and non-printed materials, machine-readable databases, the library's own and other institutions' catalogues)
by library staff
NOTE 1 Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
NOTE 2 The information request can also involve recommendations, interpretation, or instruction in the use of such
sources.
NOTE 3 One information request can address several questions.
NOTE 4 The request can be delivered personally or by means of telephone, regular mail, fax or electronic media (via
email, the library website or other networked communications mechanisms).
NOTE 5 It is essential that libraries do not include directional and administrative inquiries, e.g. for locating staff or
facilities, regarding opening times or about handling equipment such as reader printers or computer terminals.
NOTE 6 Inquiries are also excluded, if asked for the purpose of locating items of stock that have already been
identified bibliographically.
3.3.10
in-house use
documents taken by a user from open access stock for use on the premises
NOTE In-house use includes browsing at the shelves in the sense of a short investigation of the contents, but
excludes looking at the titles only for selecting material.
3.3.11
interlibrary lending
loan of a document in its physical form or delivery of a document, or part of it, in copied form, from one library
to another which is not under the same administration
NOTE 1 Mediated transmission of documents in electronic form is counted as electronic document delivery.
NOTE 2 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.12
internet session
internet access by a user from a workstation owned by the library or from a user's private computer in the
library via the library's network
NOTE 1 Internet sessions can only be counted if users have registered or authenticated themselves when accessing
the internet.
NOTE 2 Internet access via a user's private computer (e.g. laptop or handheld) inside the library need to be counted
and reported separately.
3.3.13
library website
unique domain on the internet consisting of a collection of web pages that is published by a library to provide
access to the library's services and resources
NOTE 1 The pages of a website are usually interconnected by the use of hypertext links.
NOTE 2 Excludes documents that fit the definitions of electronic collection and free internet resources that can be
linked from the library website.
NOTE 3 Excludes web services in the library's domain that are operated on behalf of other organizations.
3.3.14
loan
direct lending or delivery transaction of an item in non-electronic form (e.g. book), of an electronic document
on a physical carrier (e.g. CD-ROM) or other device (e.g. eBook reader), or transmission of an electronic
document to one user for a limited time period (e.g. eBook)
NOTE 1 Loans include user-initiated renewals as well as registered loans within the library (on-site loans). Renewals
need to be counted separately.
NOTE 2 Loans include copied documents supplied in place of original documents (including fax) and printouts of
electronic documents made by library staff for the user.
NOTE 3 Loans of documents in physical form to distance users are included here.
NOTE 4 Mediated electronic transmission of documents is counted as electronic document delivery if their use is
permitted for unlimited time. This includes transmissions to members of the population to be served.
NOTE 5 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.15
online catalogue
database of bibliographical records describing the collection usually of one particular library or library system
12 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.3.16
on-site loan
document delivered, in most cases from closed access, for use on the premises
3.3.17
point-of-use IT training
unstructured user training session in the use of information technology (IT) conducted by library staff at the
impromptu request of users and usually at their point of use
NOTE Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
3.3.18
population to be served
number of individuals for whom the library is set up to provide its services and materials
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 11620:1998, definition 3.18.
NOTE 2 For public libraries, this will normally be the population of the legal service area (authority); for libraries of an
institution of higher education, this will normally be the total of academic and professional staff plus students.
3.3.19
record downloaded
descriptive record that is successfully requested from a database or the online catalogue
3.3.20
registered user
person or organization registered with a library in order to use its collection and/or services within or away
from the library
NOTE Users can be registered upon their request or automatically when enrolling in the institution.
3.3.21
rejected session
turnaway
unsuccessful request of a database or the online catalogue by exceeding the simultaneous user limit
NOTE Request failure because of wrong passwords is excluded.
3.3.22
renewal
active extension of the loan period for a document initiated by the user
NOTE Automatic renewals generated by the library system without user interaction are excluded.
3.3.23
reservation
action taken when a user requests the supply of a document that is in the library collection or in the process of
acquisition but not available at the time
3.3.24
search
specific intellectual query, typically equated to submitting a search form of a database or the online catalogue
to the server
NOTE 1 Adapted from COUNTER code of practice, Release 2, 2004.
NOTE 2 A search (query) is recorded each time a search request is submitted to the server.
NOTE 3 Immediately repeated duplicate searches, double clicks, or other evidence indicating unintended user
behaviour needs to be excluded.
3.3.25
session
successful request of a database or the online catalogue
NOTE 1 A session is one cycle of user activities that typically starts when a user connects to a database or the online
catalogue and ends with explicit (by leaving the database through log-out or exit) or implicit (timeout due to user inactivity)
termination of activities in the database. The average timeout period would be 30 min. If another time period is used, this
needs to be reported.
NOTE 2 Sessions on the library website are counted as virtual visits.
NOTE 3 Requests of a general entrance or gateway page needs to be excluded.
NOTE 4 If possible, requests by search engines need to be excluded.
3.3.26
session time
duration of a session
NOTE This will usually be the period of time between a log-in to and an implicit or explicit log-off from a databa
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2010
Informatika in dokumentacija - Mednarodna statistika za knjižnice
Information and documentation - International library statistics
Information et documentation - Statistiques internationales de bibliothèques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 2789:2006
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2789
Fourth edition
2006-09-15
Information and documentation —
International library statistics
Information et documentation — Statistiques internationales de
bibliothèques
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
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© ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
3.1 Libraries. 1
3.2 Collection. 4
3.3 Library use and users. 10
3.4 Access and facilities. 15
3.5 Expenditure . 15
3.6 Library staff . 16
4 Uses, benefits and limitations of statistics. 16
4.1 Background . 16
4.2 Developments in library practice . 17
4.3 Selection of statistics for the library. 17
5 Reporting statistical data. 18
5.1 General. 18
5.2 Time period to which data refer . 18
5.3 Data estimated by sample. 18
6 Collecting statistical data . 18
6.1 Libraries. 18
6.2 Collection. 21
6.3 Library use and users. 28
6.4 Access and facilities. 33
6.5 Expenditure (during the reporting period) .35
6.6 Library staff (at the end of the reporting time period) . 37
Annex A (normative) Measuring the use of electronic library services . 39
Annex B (normative) Recommended categories for further statistical analysis. 52
Annex C (normative) Grossing up. 58
Bibliography . 59
Alphabetical index . 60
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 2789 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee
SC 8, Qualitiy — Statistics and performance evaluation.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2789:2003), which has been technically revised
to identify and overcome problems in the practical application of ISO 2789:2003 and to take account of the
rapid developments in electronic library services.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance to the library and information services community on the
collection and reporting of statistics.
Clauses 3 and 6 form the core of this International Standard. Clause 3 provides definitions for most of the
elements which constitute a library service; these are for statistical purposes only. Clause 6 recommends how
each of these elements should be counted. Users will need to consult both clauses for the complete picture.
In addition to the original purposes of giving general guidance on the keeping of library statistics for the
compilation of national statistics used for international reporting, there is a particular requirement to specify
data provision required by ISO 11620.
This International Standard includes definitions and counting procedures for electronic resources and services.
With regard to those clauses of the body of this International Standard that concern such electronic resources
and services, readers should particularly bear in mind the important explanations and guidelines of Annex A.
The form of an annex was chosen as it allows a more detailed description of methods and problems in
measuring use of electronic library services.
It is recognized that not all measures specified in this International Standard can be collected by libraries of
different type and size. To give greater completeness, several additional measures (important for some
sectors only) are described in Annex B. The aim is to ensure that, where a particular statistic is collected, the
same definitions and methods are used.
All the annexes are normative. Annex C is important for the compilation and publication of national statistics
so that they can be truly comparable between countries and over time.
The strong requirement to describe and publicize library activities can only be satisfied if data collection in
libraries follows the lines of this International Standard. As far as possible, libraries should collect all data
named in this International Standard that concern their activities.
The presentation and publication of statistics always need careful attention but are considered to be beyond
the scope of this International Standard.
This International Standard will be maintained by a Working Group that will monitor developments and
incorporate additional statistical measures as needed.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2789:2006(E)
Information and documentation — International library
statistics
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies rules for the library and information services community on the collection
and reporting of statistics
⎯ for the purposes of international reporting,
⎯ to ensure conformity between countries for those statistical measures that are frequently used by library
managers but do not qualify for international reporting,
⎯ to encourage good practice in the use of statistics for the management of library and information services,
and
⎯ to specify data provision required by ISO 11620.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 11620:1998, Information and documentation — Library performance indicators
ISO 11620:1998/Amd. 1:2003, Information and documentation — Library performance indicators —
Amendment 1: Additional performance indicators for libraries
1)
ISO/TR 20983:2003, Information and documentation — Performance indicators for electronic library services
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Libraries
3.1.1
administrative unit
any independent library, or group of libraries, under a single director or a single administration
NOTE 1 The term “independent” does not imply legal or financial independence but only that the library is a
recognizably separate unit, typically within a larger organization.
1) ISO/TR 20983 and ISO 11620:1998/Amd. 1 will be incorporated into the second edition of ISO 11620.
NOTE 2 Typically, the administrative unit is an organization containing a central/main library, branch libraries and
administrative functions. See the Example in 6.1.1.
3.1.2
branch library
part of a larger administrative unit providing, in separate quarters, a service for a particular user group (e.g.
children, faculties) or for a locally defined clientele
NOTE Institute, departmental and other affiliated libraries are included. Mobile libraries are excluded.
3.1.3
central library
main library
usually that part or those parts of an administrative unit where the main administrative functions and the
important parts of the library collection and services are located
NOTE An administrative unit comprising several branch libraries does not necessarily include a central library.
3.1.4
external service point
point away from library premises at which a certain service is regularly offered to users
NOTE 1 This includes places within a locality at which library material is deposited for informal circulation to a restricted
group of users but without other library services, for example, old peoples' homes, community centres, collections for
hospital patients, etc. Mobile libraries are excluded.
NOTE 2 The points at which mobile libraries stop are not counted as external service points.
NOTE 3 A simple PC connection to a place outside the library (e.g. in a students' home) is not counted as an external
service point.
3.1.5
library
organization, or part of an organization, the main aims of which are to build and maintain a collection and to
facilitate the use of such information resources and facilities as are required to meet the informational,
research, educational, cultural or recreational needs of its users
NOTE 1 These are the basic requirements for a library and do not exclude any additional resources and services
incidental to its main purpose.
NOTE 2 Where a library has more than one function (e.g. school library and public library), it generally either decides
what is its primary function or, in extreme cases, divides its functionality and report data accordingly.
3.1.6
library of an institution of higher education
library whose primary function is to serve students, academic and professional staff in universities and other
institutions of education at the third (tertiary) level and above
NOTE It can also serve the general public.
3.1.7
mobile library
library, sometimes a division of a public library, using transport means and furnished to provide documents
and services directly to users as an alternative to access on library premises
NOTE Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.16.
3.1.8
national library
library that is responsible for acquiring and conserving copies of all relevant documents in the country in which
the library is located; it may function as a legal deposit library
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.02.
NOTE 2 A national library will also normally perform some or all of the following functions:
⎯ produce the national bibliography,
⎯ hold and keep up to date a large and representative collection of foreign literature including documents about the
country;
⎯ act as a national bibliographic information centre;
⎯ compile union catalogues;
⎯ supervise the administration of other libraries and/or promote collaboration;
⎯ coordinate a research and development service.
NOTE 3 The definition of “national library” allows for more than one national library in a country.
3.1.9
public library
general library that serves the whole population of a local or regional community and is usually financed, in
whole or in part, from public funds
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 3.2.15.
NOTE 2 A public library can be intended for the general public or for special groups of users, such as children, visually
impaired persons, hospital patients or prisoners. Its basic services are free of charge or available for a subsidized fee. This
definition includes services provided to schools by a public library organization and services provided to public libraries in
a region by a regional organization.
3.1.10
school library
library attached to all types of schools below the third (tertiary) level of education whose primary function is to
serve the pupils and teachers of such a school
NOTE 1 A school library can also serve the general public.
NOTE 2 This includes libraries and resource collections in all educational institutions below the third level, which can
be described as “Colleges”, “Colleges of Further Education”, “Vocational Institutes”, etc.
3.1.11
special library
independent library covering one discipline or particular field of knowledge or a special regional interest
NOTE 1 The term special library includes libraries primarily serving a specific category of users, or primarily devoted to
a specific form of document, or libraries sponsored by an organization to serve its own work-related objectives.
NOTE 2 The statistics of special libraries are generally collected and presented separately for those in the areas given
in 3.1.11.1 to 3.1.11.7 (differentiated according to funding institutions).
3.1.11.1
government library
library maintained to serve any government service, department or agency, or parliament, including both
international, national and local (regional) government organizations
3.1.11.2
health-service library
medical library
library which serves health-service professionals in hospitals or elsewhere, whether in the private or public
sector
NOTE Pharmaceutical company libraries are generally included under 3.1.11.4.
3.1.11.3
library of professional and learned institutions and associations
library maintained by professional or trade associations, learned societies, trade unions and other similar
bodies whose primary objective is to provide services to the members and practitioners of a specific trade or
profession
3.1.11.4
industrial and commercial library
library in any industrial enterprise or business firm, maintained by the parent organization to serve the
information needs of its staff
NOTE The term “industrial and commercial library” includes libraries maintained by information and management
consultants, manufacturing and service industries and libraries of commercial legal practices.
3.1.11.5
media library
library serving media and publishing firms and organizations, including newspapers, publishers, broadcasting,
film and television
3.1.11.6
regional library
major library serving a particular region whose primary function cannot be described as that of a public, school
or academic library nor as part of a national library network
3.1.11.7
other special library
any library not included elsewhere, etc.
EXAMPLES Library within voluntary organizations, museums, religious institutions.
3.1.12
storage library
repository library
library whose primary function is to store less-used material from other administrative units
NOTE 1 Storage or repository libraries that are part of or administrated by another library (e.g. national or regional
library) are excluded.
NOTE 2 Libraries whose stock remains the possession of the storing libraries are excluded. The collections and their
use are counted with the proprietary libraries.
3.2 Collection
3.2.1
abstract and indexing database
collection of bibliographic references analysing and presenting, on a continuous basis, periodical and/or other
titles that usually relate to a common discipline or geographic area
NOTE This includes electronic reference and indexing tools which, in print form, would be counted as periodicals.
Databases primarily containing full text are excluded.
3.2.2
access rights
rights for reaching or using the library collection
NOTE For the electronic collection, this implies that the library has secured permanent or temporary access for its
users by law, license or other contractual and/or cooperative agreement.
4 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.2.3
addition
acquisition
document or item added to a collection during the reporting period
NOTE Additions can be obtained, for example, by purchase, licensing, legal deposit, digitization, donation or
exchange.
3.2.4
audiovisual document
document in which sound and/or pictures are prominent, and which requires the use of special equipment to
be seen and/or heard
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.1.19.
NOTE 2 This includes audio documents such as records, tapes, cassettes, audio compact discs, DVDs, files of digital
audio recordings; visual documents such as slides, transparencies, and combined audiovisual documents, such as motion
pictures, video recordings, etc. Microforms are excluded.
NOTE 3 The use of networked audiovisual documents is counted in accordance with Annex A.
3.2.5
book
non-serial printed document in codex form
3.2.6
cartographic document
conventional representation, on a reduced scale, of concrete or abstract phenomena which can be localized in
space and time
NOTE 1 Adapted from map in ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.2.1.28.
NOTE 2 This includes documents such as two- and three-dimensional maps, globes, plans, topographic models, tactile
maps and aerial representations, but excludes atlases and any other cartographic documents in codex, micro, audiovisual
and electronic form.
3.2.7
compact disc read-only memory
CD-ROM
computer-based information storage and retrieval medium based on laser technology that contains data in text
and/or multimedia formats
NOTE CD-ROMs are counted according to their contents as database, digital document, or electronic serial.
3.2.8
computer file
data or software program, e.g. computer game, language course and other application software that is
available on computer-readable disks, tapes or other storage media to users for loan or in-house use
NOTE Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
3.2.9
content unit
computer-processed uniquely identifiable textual or audiovisual piece of published work that may be original or
a digest of other published work
NOTE 1 Adapted from item in COUNTER code of practice, Release 2:2004.
NOTE 2 Descriptive records are excluded.
NOTE 3 PDF, Postscript, HTML and other formats of the same content unit will be counted as separate items.
3.2.10
database
collection of electronically stored descriptive records or content units (including facts, full texts, pictures, and
sound) with a common user interface and software for the retrieval and manipulation of the data
NOTE 1 The units or records are usually collected with a particular intent and are related to a defined topic. A database
can be issued on CD-ROM, diskette, or other direct-access method, or as a computer file accessed via dial-up methods or
via the internet.
NOTE 2 Licensed databases are counted separately even if access to several licensed database products is effected
through the same interface.
NOTE 3 A common interface providing access to a packet of serials or digital documents, usually offered by a
publisher or vendor, is also to be counted as database. Additionally, the single serials or digital documents need to be
counted as serials or digital documents.
NOTE 4 For further subdivision of databases, see B.2.1.7.
3.2.11
descriptive record
computer-processed bibliographic or other individual record in a standard format that references and/or
describes a document in any physical form or a content unit
NOTE 1 A collection of descriptive records is usually published in the form of a database.
NOTE 2 The record can include elements such as title, author, subject, abstract, date of origin etc.
3.2.12
digital document
information unit with a defined content that has been digitized by the library or acquired in digital form as part
of the library collection
NOTE 1 This includes eBooks, electronic patents, networked audiovisual documents and other digital documents, e.g.
reports, cartographic and music documents, preprints, etc. Databases and electronic serials are excluded.
NOTE 2 Items incorporated in databases are covered by 3.2.10.
NOTE 3 A digital document can be structured into one or more files.
NOTE 4 A digital document consists of one or more content units.
3.2.13
document
recorded information or material object, which can be treated as a unit in a documentation process
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 1.2.02]
NOTE Documents can differ in their physical form and characteristics.
3.2.14
digital versatile disk
DVD
a type of optical storage medium of the same size as a compact disk, but with significantly greater recording
capacity
3.2.15
electronic book
eBook
digital document, licensed or not, where searchable text is prevalent, and which can be seen in analogy to a
print book (monograph)
6 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
NOTE 1 The use of eBooks is, in many cases, dependent on a dedicated device and/or a special reader or viewing
software.
NOTE 2 eBooks can be lent to users either on portable devices (eBook readers) or by transmitting the contents to the
user's PC for a limited time period.
NOTE 3 Doctoral dissertations in electronic format are included.
NOTE 4 Documents digitized by the library are included.
3.2.16
electronic collection
all resources in electronic form in the library collection
NOTE The electronic collection includes databases, electronic serials, digital documents, and computer files. Free
internet resources which have been catalogued by the library in its online catalogue or a database need to be counted
separately (see 6.2.16).
3.2.17
electronic serial
serial published in electronic form only or in both electronic and another format
NOTE 1 Comprises serials held locally and remote resources for which access rights have been acquired, at least for a
certain period of time.
NOTE 2 Serials digitized by the library are included.
NOTE 3 Open access journals are regarded as free internet resources (see 3.2.18)
3.2.18
free internet resources
internet resource with unrestricted access
3.2.19
full-text database
digital collection of original texts (monographs, reports, journal articles, etc.), printed music, cartographic or
graphic documents
NOTE 1 Patents and electronic serials are excluded.
NOTE 2 A database with a mixture of full texts, moving images or sound and other items need to be counted as a
full-text database.
3.2.20
government document
document published at government expense or as required by law or by an international agency (e.g. United
Nations, European Union and UNESCO)
NOTE Patents are dealt with in 3.2.32. Other government documents are counted in accordance with their format
(see B.3.3.).
3.2.21
graphic document
print document in which pictorial representation is the most prominent feature
NOTE This is pictorial rather than linguistic, musical or cartographic in form. It includes art prints, art originals, art
reproductions, photographs, posters, study prints, technical drawings, etc., but excludes graphic items in codex form or in
microform, audiovisual and electronic form.
3.2.22
library collection
all documents provided by a library for its users
NOTE 1 Comprises documents held locally and remote resources for which permanent or temporary access rights
have been acquired.
NOTE 2 Access rights can be acquired by the library itself, by a consortium and/or through external funding.
NOTE 3 Acquisition is to be understood as deliberately selecting a document, securing access rights and including it in
the online catalogue or other databases of the library. Interlibrary lending and document delivery are excluded.
NOTE 4 Does not include links to internet resources for which the library has not secured access rights by legal
agreements (e.g. legal deposit right), license or other contractual and/or cooperative agreement. Free internet resources
which have been catalogued by the library in its online catalogue or a database need to be counted separately
(see 6.2.16).
3.2.23
manuscript
original document that is handwritten or in typescript
NOTE Bound volumes and other units (fragments, rolls, autographs, etc.) can be counted separately.
3.2.24
microform
photographic document requiring magnification when used
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.3.3.12.
NOTE 2 Microfiche and microfilm are included.
NOTE 3 Slides and similar documents are counted as audiovisual documents.
3.2.25
monograph
publication in print or non-print form, either complete in one volume or complete, or intended to be completed,
in a finite number of volumes
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.02]
3.2.26
monographic series
number of monographs related to other monographs through the addition of a collective title
[ISO 9707]
3.2.27
multimedia document
document combining different information media, text, graphics, photos, video, audio for interactive use, in
digital format
NOTE Multimedia documents are counted according to their main features or purposes e.g. as a database, an
electronic serial or a digital document.
3.2.28
newspaper
serial, which contains news on current events of special or general interest, the individual parts of which are
listed chronologically or numerically and usually appear at least once a week
NOTE Electronic newspapers are included.
3.2.29
other database
database containing descriptive information or numeric data that is usually consulted for specific pieces of
information, e.g. directories, encyclopaedias, dictionaries, statistical tables and figures, and/or collections of
scientific formulae
8 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.2.30
other digital document
digital document other than an eBook, networked audiovisual document or electronic patent, e.g. report,
preprint, cartographic or music document, etc. in electronic format
3.2.31
other library document
non-electronic document or item other than a book, serial, manuscript, printed music document, microform,
cartographic, audiovisual, graphic document, patent separately specified in this International Standard
NOTE This includes items such as dioramas and other three-dimensional documents, games, toys, etc. Documents
in Braille are counted as print documents.
3.2.32
patent
government document granting an inventor the sole right to use or license an invention together with
associated documentation
3.2.33
periodical
serial under the same title published at regular or irregular intervals, over an indefinite period, individual issues
in the series being numbered consecutively or each issue being dated
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 9707:1991, definition 2.32.
NOTE 2 Series of reports, transactions of institutions, series of regular conference proceedings and annuals are
included, while newspapers and monographic series are excluded.
NOTE 3 Electronic periodicals are included.
3.2.34
physical unit
physically coherent document unit, inclusive of any protective devices, freely movable against other document
units
NOTE 1 Coherence can be achieved, for example, by binding or encasement.
NOTE 2 For printed documents, the term “volume” is used for the physical unit (see also 3.2.39).
3.2.35
printed music document
document, the essential content of which is a representation of music, normally by means of notes
NOTE Printed music document can be in sheet or codex form.
3.2.36
serial
document in print or in non-print form, issued in successive parts, usually having numerical or chronological
designations, and intended to be continued indefinitely, whatever its periodicity
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.06.
NOTE 2 Monographic series are excluded and need to be counted as books.
NOTE 3 For the purpose of this International Standard, serials are subdivided into newspapers and periodicals, each of
these by format into electronic and non-electronic serials.
3.2.37
stock
number of documents of a certain type (e.g. books and serials, microforms, electronic serials) held locally or in
remote resources for which access rights have been acquired, at least for a certain period of time
NOTE To be measured at the end of the reporting period.
3.2.38
title
words at the head of a document thus identifying it and normally distinguishing it from others
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 4.2.1.4.0.1]
NOTE For measuring purposes, “title” describes a document, which forms a separate item with a distinctive title,
whether issued in one or several physical units, and disregarding the number of copies of the document held by the library.
[ISO 11620:1998/Amd 1:2003]
3.2.39
volume
physical unit for a printed document assembling a certain number of leaves under one cover to form a whole
or part of a set
NOTE Adapted from ISO 5127:2001, definition 2.4.01.
3.2.40
withdrawal
document or item withdrawn from a collection during the reporting period
NOTE Withdrawals can be effected, for example, by discarding, transferring or, in the case of electronic resources,
by deletion from files or cancelling licenses.
3.3 Library use and users
3.3.1
active borrower
registered user who has borrowed at least one item during the reporting period
3.3.2
active user
registered user who has visited or made use of library facilities or services during the reporting period
NOTE This can include the use of electronic library services within or outside the library.
3.3.3
content downloaded
content unit that is successfully requested from a database, electronic serial or digital document
3.3.4
download
successful request of a descriptive record or content unit, e.g. for displaying, printing, saving, or emailing
NOTE For web server logs successful requests are those with specific return codes, as defined by NCSA (National
Center for Supercomputing Applications).
3.3.5
electronic document delivery (mediated)
electronic transmission of a document or part of a document from the library collection to a user, mediated by
library staff, not necessarily via another library
NOTE 1 Electronic transmission of documents to members of the population to be served is included. Fax transmission
is excluded.
NOTE 2 The electronic document delivery (mediated) can be split up as to transmission with or without charge to the
user.
NOTE 3 Unmediated downloading by users from the electronic collection of the library is excluded.
NOTE 4 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
10 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Table 1 — Forms of lending and delivery services
Supplier
Library Document supplier
Transmission format
Recipient
User Other library User (via library)
Original Loan ILL EDS
Print copy Loan ILL EDS
Electronic EDD EDD EDS
ILL: Interlibrary lending.
EDD: Electronic document delivery (mediated).
EDS: External document supply.
3.3.6
electronic service
electronic library service, which is either supplied from local servers or accessible via networks
NOTE Electronic library services include the online catalogue, the library website, the electronic collection, electronic
document delivery (mediated), electronic reference service, user training on electronic services and internet access
offered via the library.
3.3.7
external document supply
document or part of it, in printed or electronic form, delivered from outside the library collection by non-library
suppliers (not through interlibrary lending) with the library being involved in the transaction and/or the payment
NOTE 1 It is irrelevant whether a number of individual transactions is paid per view or a certain number of transactions
have been prepaid.
NOTE 2 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.8
external user
user of a library who does not belong to that library's population to be served
3.3.9
information request
information contact that involves the knowledge or use of one or more information sources (such as printed
and non-printed materials, machine-readable databases, the library's own and other institutions' catalogues)
by library staff
NOTE 1 Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
NOTE 2 The information request can also involve recommendations, interpretation, or instruction in the use of such
sources.
NOTE 3 One information request can address several questions.
NOTE 4 The request can be delivered personally or by means of telephone, regular mail, fax or electronic media (via
email, the library website or other networked communications mechanisms).
NOTE 5 It is essential that libraries do not include directional and administrative inquiries, e.g. for locating staff or
facilities, regarding opening times or about handling equipment such as reader printers or computer terminals.
NOTE 6 Inquiries are also excluded, if asked for the purpose of locating items of stock that have already been
identified bibliographically.
3.3.10
in-house use
documents taken by a user from open access stock for use on the premises
NOTE In-house use includes browsing at the shelves in the sense of a short investigation of the contents, but
excludes looking at the titles only for selecting material.
3.3.11
interlibrary lending
loan of a document in its physical form or delivery of a document, or part of it, in copied form, from one library
to another which is not under the same administration
NOTE 1 Mediated transmission of documents in electronic form is counted as electronic document delivery.
NOTE 2 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.12
internet session
internet access by a user from a workstation owned by the library or from a user's private computer in the
library via the library's network
NOTE 1 Internet sessions can only be counted if users have registered or authenticated themselves when accessing
the internet.
NOTE 2 Internet access via a user's private computer (e.g. laptop or handheld) inside the library need to be counted
and reported separately.
3.3.13
library website
unique domain on the internet consisting of a collection of web pages that is published by a library to provide
access to the library's services and resources
NOTE 1 The pages of a website are usually interconnected by the use of hypertext links.
NOTE 2 Excludes documents that fit the definitions of electronic collection and free internet resources that can be
linked from the library website.
NOTE 3 Excludes web services in the library's domain that are operated on behalf of other organizations.
3.3.14
loan
direct lending or delivery transaction of an item in non-electronic form (e.g. book), of an electronic document
on a physical carrier (e.g. CD-ROM) or other device (e.g. eBook reader), or transmission of an electronic
document to one user for a limited time period (e.g. eBook)
NOTE 1 Loans include user-initiated renewals as well as registered loans within the library (on-site loans). Renewals
need to be counted separately.
NOTE 2 Loans include copied documents supplied in place of original documents (including fax) and printouts of
electronic documents made by library staff for the user.
NOTE 3 Loans of documents in physical form to distance users are included here.
NOTE 4 Mediated electronic transmission of documents is counted as electronic document delivery if their use is
permitted for unlimited time. This includes transmissions to members of the population to be served.
NOTE 5 The forms of lending and delivery services defined in this International Standard are shown in Table 1.
3.3.15
online catalogue
database of bibliographical records describing the collection usually of one particular library or library system
12 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.3.16
on-site loan
document delivered, in most cases from closed access, for use on the premises
3.3.17
point-of-use IT training
unstructured user training session in the use of information technology (IT) conducted by library staff at the
impromptu request of users and usually at their point of use
NOTE Adapted from ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
3.3.18
population to be served
number of individuals for whom the library is set up to provide its services and materials
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 11620:1998, definition 3.18.
NOTE 2 For public libraries, this will normally be the population of the legal service area (authority); for libraries of an
institution of higher education, this will normally be the total of academic and professional staff plus students.
3.3.19
record downloaded
descriptive record that is successfully requested from a database or the online catalogue
3.3.20
registered user
person or organization registered with a library in order to use its collection and/or services within or away
from the library
NOTE Users can be registered upon their request or automatically when enrolling in the institution.
3.3.21
rejected session
turnaway
unsuccessful request of a database or the online catalogue by exceeding the simultaneous user limit
NOTE Request failure because of wrong passwords is excluded.
3.3.22
renewal
active extension of the loan period for a document initiated by the user
NOTE Automatic renewals generated by the library system without user interaction are excluded.
3.3.23
reservation
action taken when a user requests the supply of a document that is in the library collection or in the process of
acquisition but not available at the time
3.3.24
search
specific intellectual query, typically equated to submitting a search form of a database or the online catalogue
to the server
NOTE 1 Adapted from COUNTER code of practice, Release 2, 2004.
NOTE 2 A search (query) is recorded each time a search request is submitted to the server.
NO
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 2789
Quatrième édition
2006-09-15
Information et documentation —
Statistiques internationales de
bibliothèques
Information and documentation — International library statistics
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2006
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© ISO 2006
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous
quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
de l'ISO à l'adresse ci-après ou du comité membre de l'ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos. iv
Introduction . v
1 Domaine d'application. 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions. 1
3.1 Bibliothèques . 1
3.2 Collection. 5
3.3 Usages et usagers de bibliothèque . 11
3.4 Accès et installations . 16
3.5 Dépenses . 16
3.6 Personnel de la bibliothèque. 17
4 Utilisation, avantages et limites d'utilisation des statistiques. 18
4.1 Contexte. 18
4.2 Progrès de la bibliothéconomie . 19
4.3 Sélection de statistiques pour la bibliothèque . 19
5 Présentation des données statistiques. 19
5.1 Généralités . 19
5.2 Période de référence des données . 20
5.3 Données estimées par échantillonnage . 20
6 Collecte des données statistiques. 20
6.1 Bibliothèques . 20
6.2 Collection. 23
6.3 Usages et usagers de la bibliothèque . 30
6.4 Accès et installations . 35
6.5 Dépenses (durant la période de référence) . 37
6.6 Personnel de la bibliothèque (à la fin de la période de référence) . 39
Annexe A (normative) Mesurage de l'utilisation des services électroniques des bibliothèques. 42
Annexe B (normative) Catégories recommandées pour des analyses statistiques
complémentaires . 56
Annexe C (normative) Extrapolations . 62
Bibliographie . 63
Index alphabétique . 64
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 2789 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 46, Information et documentation, sous-comité
SC 8, Qualité — Statistiques et évaluation de la performance.
Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition (ISO 2789:2003), dont elle constitue une
révision technique afin d'identifier et de régler les problèmes d'application pratique de la norme
ISO 2789:2003 et de prendre en compte le développement rapide des services électroniques des
bibliothèques.
iv © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
Introduction
La présente Norme internationale fournit des règles à la communauté des bibliothèques et des services
d'information pour la collecte et la présentation de statistiques.
Les Articles 3 et 6 forment le cœur de la présente Norme internationale. L'Article 3 fournit les définitions de la
plupart des éléments composant le service d'une bibliothèque; ces définitions ne s'appliquent que dans une
perspective statistique. L'Article 6 indique comment compter chacun des éléments définis. Les utilisateurs
devront consulter les deux sections pour disposer d'une vue complète.
Aux objectifs initiaux, qui consistent à édicter des règles générales de tenue des statistiques de bibliothèques
en vue de leur recueil à l'échelle nationale puis de l'établissement de synthèses internationales, s'ajoute une
exigence particulière pour spécifier les données requises par l'ISO 11620.
La présente Norme internationale comprend les définitions et les procédures de comptage pour les
ressources et services électroniques. À la lecture des parties de la présente Norme internationale concernant
ces mêmes ressources et services électroniques, il convient que les lecteurs aient particulièrement à l'esprit
les explications et conseils importants de l'Annexe A. La présentation en annexe a été retenue car elle permet
de décrire plus en détail les méthodes et les problèmes concernant la mesure de l'utilisation des services
électroniques des bibliothèques.
Il va sans dire que l'ensemble des données définies dans la présente Norme internationale ne peuvent être
collectées par des bibliothèques de types ou de tailles différents. À titre de complément, l'Annexe B décrit des
données supplémentaires (qui n'ont d'importance que dans certains cas). Ces précisions visent à s'assurer
que l'on utilise bien les mêmes définitions et les mêmes méthodes lors de la collecte de telles données
statistiques.
Toutes les annexes sont normatives. L'Annexe C est importante pour recueillir et publier des statistiques
nationales qui soient véritablement comparables entre les pays et dans le temps.
On ne peut satisfaire la forte demande de description et de diffusion de l'activité des bibliothèques que si la
collecte des données dans les bibliothèques suit les lignes de la présente Norme internationale. Autant que
possible, il convient que les bibliothèques collectent toutes les données de leur activité citées dans la
présente Norme internationale.
La présentation et la diffusion de statistiques nécessitent toujours une attention particulière mais sont
considérées comme demeurant hors du champ d'application de la présente Norme internationale.
La maintenance de la présente Norme internationale sera assurée par un groupe de travail qui en supervisera
les développements et incorporera de nouvelles mesures statistiques en fonction des besoins.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 2789:2006(F)
Information et documentation — Statistiques internationales de
bibliothèques
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale fournit des règles à la communauté des bibliothèques et des services
d'information pour la collecte et la présentation de statistiques
⎯ en vue de l'établissement de synthèses sur le plan international,
⎯ pour assurer la conformité entre pays de mesures statistiques fréquemment utilisées par les
gestionnaires de bibliothèques mais sans pour autant servir à l'établissement de synthèses
internationales,
⎯ pour encourager une bonne pratique des statistiques dans la gestion des bibliothèques et des services
d'information, et
⎯ pour définir les données exigées par l'ISO 11620.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables à l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence (y compris les éventuels amendements) s'applique.
ISO 11620:1998, Information et documentation — Indicateurs de performance des bibliothèques
ISO 11620:1998/Amd. 1:2003, Information et documentation — Indicateurs de performance des
bibliothèques — Indicateurs complémentaires de performance des bibliothèques
ISO/TR 20983:2003, Information et documentation — Indicateurs de performance pour les services
1)
électroniques des bibliothèques
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
3.1 Bibliothèques
3.1.1
unité administrative
toute bibliothèque indépendante ou tout groupe de bibliothèques ayant un directeur ou une administration
unique
1) L'ISO/TR 20983 et l'ISO 11620:1998/Amd.1 seront intégrés dans la deuxième édition de l'ISO 11620.
NOTE 1 Le terme «indépendant» n'implique pas une indépendance juridique ou financière, mais seulement le fait que
la bibliothèque est une unité identifiée comme séparée, en particulier au sein d'un organisme plus grand.
NOTE 2 L'unité administrative caractéristique est un organisme qui comprend une bibliothèque centrale/principale, des
bibliothèques annexes ou des succursales et des services administratifs. Voir l'Exemple en 6.1.1.
3.1.2
bibliothèque annexe (ou succursale)
partie d'une unité administrative plus grande, offrant dans un local séparé un service de bibliothèque pour un
groupe particulier d'usagers (par exemple une bibliothèque pour la jeunesse, une bibliothèque de faculté) ou
pour un public localement défini
NOTE Les bibliothèques d'instituts, de départements et les autres bibliothèques affiliées sont incluses. Les
bibliothèques itinérantes sont exclues.
3.1.3
bibliothèque centrale
bibliothèque principale
habituellement la partie ou les parties d'une unité administrative où sont situées les principales fonctions
administratives et la partie essentielle des collections et des services
NOTE Une unité administrative comprenant plusieurs bibliothèques annexes ne comprend pas nécessairement une
bibliothèque centrale.
3.1.4
point de desserte extérieur
point de desserte à l'extérieur des locaux de la bibliothèque où un service déterminé est régulièrement offert
aux usagers
NOTE 1 Sont compris des lieux, dans un secteur géographique, dans lesquels des documents de la bibliothèque sont
déposés pour un usage informel au sein d'un groupe restreint d'usagers, mais sans autre prestation de bibliothèque, par
exemple des maisons de retraite pour personnes âgées, des maisons de quartier, des collections pour les patients des
hôpitaux, etc. Les bibliothèques itinérantes sont exclues.
NOTE 2 Les points d'arrêt des bibliothèques itinérantes ne sont pas comptés comme des points de desserte extérieurs.
NOTE 3 Une simple connexion à un micro-ordinateur dans un lieu extérieur à la bibliothèque (par exemple dans une
résidence d'étudiants) n'est pas comptée comme un point de desserte extérieur.
3.1.5
bibliothèque
organisme ou partie d'un organisme, dont les buts principaux sont de créer et d'entretenir une collection et de
faciliter l'utilisation des ressources documentaires et des installations adaptées aux besoins d'information, de
recherche, d'éducation, de culture et de loisirs de ses usagers
NOTE 1 Ce sont les conditions fondamentales pour une bibliothèque et il ne faut exclure aucun document ou service
offert en complément des buts principaux.
NOTE 2 Quand une bibliothèque assure plus d'une fonction (par exemple bibliothèque scolaire et bibliothèque
publique), il faut soit décider ce qui correspond à sa fonction principale, soit, dans les cas extrêmes, présenter séparément
les rapports et données sur le fonctionnement.
3.1.6
bibliothèque d'établissement d'enseignement supérieur
bibliothèque dont la fonction principale est de desservir les étudiants, le corps enseignant et le personnel
d'une université ou d'une autre institution d'enseignement supérieur
NOTE Elle peut aussi être utilisée comme bibliothèque publique.
2 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
3.1.7
bibliothèque itinérante
bibliothèque ou parfois service d'une bibliothèque publique, utilisant un véhicule spécialement aménagé pour
mettre à la disposition des usagers des documents et des services, comme alternative à un accès direct aux
locaux de la bibliothèque
NOTE Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 3.2.16.
3.1.8
bibliothèque nationale
bibliothèque responsable de l'acquisition et de la conservation d'exemplaires de tous les documents
importants édités dans le pays où la bibliothèque est située; elle peut fonctionner comme une bibliothèque de
dépôt légal
NOTE 1 Adapté de ISO 5127:2001, définiiton 3.2.02.
NOTE 2 Une bibliothèque nationale peut aussi normalement remplir certaines des fonctions suivantes:
⎯ établir la bibliographie nationale;
⎯ conserver et tenir à jour une collection étendue et représentative de la production étrangère comprenant des
documents concernant le pays;
⎯ tenir le rôle de centre national d'information bibliographique;
⎯ établir des catalogues collectifs;
⎯ superviser l'administration d'autres bibliothèques et/ou promouvoir la coopération;
⎯ coordonner un service de recherche et de développement.
NOTE 3 La définition de «bibliothèque nationale» permet son utilisation dans les pays où il y en a plus d'une.
3.1.9
bibliothèque publique
bibliothèque encyclopédique qui dessert l'ensemble de la population d'une communauté locale ou régionale et
qui est habituellement financée, en totalité ou en partie, par des fonds publics
NOTE 1 Adapté de ISO 5127:2001, définition 3.2.15.
NOTE 2 Une bibliothèque publique s'adresse soit à l'ensemble du public soit à certaines catégories d'usagers, telles
que les enfants, les malvoyants, les patients des hôpitaux ou les prisonniers. Ses services de base sont gratuits ou
disponibles moyennant un droit d'inscription. Cette définition comprend les services offerts aux écoles par une
bibliothèque publique ainsi que les services fournis aux bibliothèques publiques par un organisme régional.
3.1.10
bibliothèque scolaire
bibliothèque dépendant d'établissements d'enseignement de n'importe quel type au-dessous du niveau de
l'enseignement supérieur, dont la fonction principale est de desservir les élèves et enseignants de tels
établissements
NOTE 1 Une bibliothèque scolaire peut aussi être utilisée comme bibliothèque publique.
NOTE 2 Cela comprend également les bibliothèques et les collections de tout établissement d'enseignement
au-dessous du niveau de l'enseignement supérieur, du type de centres de formation continue, instituts de formation
professionnelle, etc.
3.1.11
bibliothèque spécialisée
bibliothèque indépendante couvrant une discipline ou un domaine particulier de la connaissance ou un intérêt
local spécifique
NOTE 1 Ce terme comprend les bibliothèques desservant essentiellement une catégorie particulière d'usagers ou
concernant essentiellement une forme particulière de documents ou les bibliothèques parrainées par un organisme pour
servir aux besoins propres à ses activités.
NOTE 2 Les statistiques concernant les bibliothèques spécialisées sont généralement recueillies et présentées
séparément selon les domaines définis de 3.1.11.1 à 3.1.11.7 (en fonction des types d'institutions qui les financent).
3.1.11.1
bibliothèque d'administration
bibliothèque gérée pour desservir tout service administratif, ministère ou administration dépendant du
gouvernement ou du parlement, y compris les organismes gouvernementaux internationaux, nationaux ou
locaux (régionaux)
3.1.11.2
bibliothèque médicale ou de service de santé
bibliothèque qui dessert les professionnels des services de santé dans les hôpitaux ou ailleurs, que ce soit
dans le secteur privé ou public
NOTE Les bibliothèques des sociétés pharmaceutiques sont comptées parmi les bibliothèques du secteur industriel
et commercial (voir 3.1.11.4).
3.1.11.3
bibliothèque d'associations et d'organismes professionnels et savants
bibliothèque gérée par des associations professionnelles ou corporatives, des sociétés savantes, des
syndicats et d'autres structures similaires, dont la fonction principale est d'offrir des services aux membres et
praticiens d'une profession ou d'un métier particulier
3.1.11.4
bibliothèque du secteur industriel et commercial
bibliothèque de toute entreprise industrielle ou commerciale, gérée par l'organisme parent pour répondre aux
besoins d'information de son personnel
NOTE Ce terme comprend les bibliothèques gérées par les consultants en information et en gestion, par les
industries des secteurs secondaires et tertiaires et les bibliothèques des professions juridiques libérales commerciales.
3.1.11.5
bibliothèque du secteur de la communication
bibliothèque des sociétés et organismes du secteur de la communication et de l'édition, comprenant la presse,
l'édition, la radio, le cinéma et la télévision
3.1.11.6
bibliothèque régionale
bibliothèque d'importance majeure desservant une région particulière à l'intérieur d'un pays dont la fonction
principale ne peut être décrite comme celle d'une bibliothèque publique, scolaire ou universitaire ni comme
partie d'un réseau national de bibliothèques
3.1.11.7
autre bibliothèque spécialisée
toute bibliothèque non comprise ailleurs
EXEMPLES Bibliothèque d'organismes bénévoles, de musées, d'institutions religieuses, etc.
4 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
3.1.12
bibliothèque de stockage
bibliothèque de dépôt
bibliothèque qui a pour fonction principale de stocker les documents les moins utilisés provenant d'autres
unités administratives
NOTE 1 Les bibliothèques de stockage ou de dépôt qui sont gérées par une autre bibliothèque ou en font partie (par
exemple bibliothèque nationale ou régionale) sont exclues.
NOTE 2 Les bibliothèques dont les fonds restent propriété des bibliothèques déposantes sont exclues. Dans ce cas,
les collections et leur utilisation sont rattachées à la bibliothèque propriétaire.
3.2 Collection
3.2.1
base de données bibliographique
collection de références bibliographiques qui analyse et présente de manière continue des périodiques et/ou
d'autres titres d'une même discipline ou d'une même zone géographique
NOTE Cela comprend les références électroniques et les index qui, sous forme imprimée, seraient comptabilisés
comme périodiques. Les bases de données qui contiennent uniquement du texte intégral sont exclues.
3.2.2
droit d'accès
droit d'accès ou d'utilisation des collections d'une bibliothèque
NOTE En ce qui concerne la collection électronique, cela implique que la bibliothèque ait assuré à ses usagers, par
autorisation légale, par licence, par contrat ou par accord de coopération, le droit permanent ou temporaire d'utiliser ces
services.
3.2.3
acquisition
document ajouté à une collection durant la période de référence
NOTE Les acquisitions peuvent être obtenues, par exemple, par achat, par licence, par dépôt légal, par numérisation,
par don ou par échange.
3.2.4
document audiovisuel
document qui contient en majorité des sons et/ou des images et qui requiert l'utilisation d'un équipement
spécial pour être écouté et/ou visionné
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.1.19.
NOTE 2 Cela comprend des documents sonores tels que microsillons, cassettes, disques compacts audio, DVD,
fichiers d'enregistrements sonores en mode numérique; des documents visuels tels que diapositives ou transparents et
des documents combinant le son et l'image tels que les films, les enregistrements vidéo etc. Les microformes sont exclues.
NOTE 3 L'utilisation de documents audiovisuels en réseau est comptabilisée conformément à l'Annexe A.
3.2.5
livre
document imprimé non publié en série formé par l'assemblage de feuillets
3.2.6
document cartographique
représentation conventionnelle, à une échelle réduite, de phénomènes concrets ou abstraits qui peuvent être
localisés dans l'espace et le temps
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.2.1.28.
NOTE 2 Cela comprend des documents tels que les cartes en deux ou trois dimensions, les globes, les plans, les
modèles topographiques, les cartes en relief et les représentations aériennes, mais exclut les atlas et tous les autres
documents cartographiques sous forme de recueil, en microforme ou sous forme audiovisuelle ou électronique.
3.2.7
disque compact non inscriptible
cédérom
support informatique qui stocke et restitue des informations à partir de la technologie laser et qui contient des
données textes et/ou multimédia
NOTE Les cédéroms sont comptabilisés selon leur contenu comme base de données, document numérique ou
périodique électronique.
3.2.8
fichier informatique
donnée ou programme logiciel, par exemple jeu d'ordinateur, cours de langue ou autre logiciel d'application,
offerts aux utilisateurs pour le prêt ou la consultation sur place sur des disques lisibles en ordinateur, des
cassettes ou tout autre moyen de stockage
NOTE Adapté de l'ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
3.2.9
unité de contenu documentaire
élément publié sous forme textuelle ou audiovisuelle, identifié de manière unique dans un processus
informatique, et qui peut être un original ou le résumé d'autres publications
NOTE 1 Adapté de item dans le code de bon usage COUNTER, Version 2:2004.
NOTE 2 Les enregistrements descriptifs sont exclus.
NOTE 3 Les formats PDF, Postscript, HTML et autres de la même unité de contenu documentaire, seront comptés
séparément.
3.2.10
base de données
ensemble d'enregistrements descriptifs ou d'unités de contenu documentaire informatiques (données
factuelles, textes, images et sons), doté d'une interface commune et d'un logiciel pour récupérer ou exploiter
les données
NOTE 1 Les unités ou les enregistrements sont généralement classés avec un objectif précis et concernent un sujet
défini. Une base de données peut être publiée sur cédérom, disquette ou d'autres supports ou en tant que fichier
informatique accessible par téléphone ou par l'internet.
NOTE 2 Les bases de données soumises à licence sont comptabilisées à l'unité, même si l'accès à plusieurs bases de
données soumises à licence est proposé par la même interface.
NOTE 3 Une interface unique d'accès à un bouquet de revues ou de documents numériques, habituellement proposée
par un éditeur ou un fournisseur est également comptée comme une base de données. En outre, chaque revue ou
document numérique a besoin d'être comptabilisé en tant que tel.
NOTE 4 Des catégories supplémentaires sont proposées en B.2.1.7.
3.2.11
enregistrement descriptif
enregistrement bibliographique ou autre, traité en informatique dans un format normalisé, qui référence et/ou
décrit un document numérique ou une unité de contenu documentaire. Un ensemble d'enregistrements
descriptifs est habituellement publié sous forme de base de données
NOTE 1 Une collection d'enregistrements descriptifs est habituellement publiée sous forme de base de données.
6 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
NOTE 2 L'enregistrement descriptif peut comprendre des éléments tels que le titre, l'auteur, le sujet, le résumé, la date
ou l'origine, etc.
3.2.12
document numérique
unité documentaire numérisée par la bibliothèque ou acquise sous forme numérique comme élément de la
collection de cette bibliothèque
NOTE 1 Cela comprend les livres électroniques, les brevets électroniques, les documents audiovisuels en réseau et
les autres documents numériques, par exemple les rapports, les documents cartographiques et musicaux, les
prépublications, etc. Les bases de données et les périodiques électroniques sont exclus.
NOTE 2 Les éléments faisant partie des bases de données sont décrits en 3.2.10.
NOTE 3 Un document numérique peut être structuré en un ou plusieurs fichiers.
NOTE 4 Un document numérique comprend une ou plusieurs unités de contenu documentaire.
3.2.13
document
information enregistrée ou objet matériel qui peut être traité comme une unité dans une chaîne documentaire
[ISO 5127:2001, définition 1.2.02]
NOTE Les documents peuvent varier dans leur forme physique et leurs caractéristiques.
3.2.14
disque numérique polyvalent
DVD
catégorie de support de stockage optique de la même dimension qu'un disque compact dont la capacité est
beaucoup plus importante
3.2.15
livre électronique
document électronique, sous licence ou non, dans lequel le texte interrogeable occupe une place
prépondérante et qui peut être considéré comme équivalent à un livre imprimé (monographie)
NOTE 1 L'utilisation de livres électroniques est souvent liée à un matériel dédié et/ou à un logiciel de lecture ou de
visionnage spécifique.
NOTE 2 Les livres électroniques peuvent être prêtés aux usagers soit avec un matériel portable (lecteur de livre
électronique) soit en chargeant le contenu sur le micro-ordinateur de l'usager pour une période limitée.
NOTE 3 Les thèses électroniques sont comprises.
NOTE 4 Les livres numérisés par la bibliothèque sont inclus.
3.2.16
collection électronique
toutes les ressources de la bibliothèque qui sont sous forme électronique
NOTE La collection électronique comprend les bases de données, les périodiques électroniques, les documents
numériques et les fichiers informatiques. Les ressources de l'internet gratuites qui ont été cataloguées par la bibliothèque
et figurent dans le catalogue en ligne ou dans une base de données doivent être comptabilisées séparément (voir 6.2.16).
3.2.17
périodique électronique
périodique sous forme électronique disponible ou non également dans un autre format
NOTE 1 Cela comprend d'une part les périodiques conservés localement et d'autre part les ressources accessibles à
distance pour lesquelles des droits permanents ou temporaires ont été acquis.
NOTE 2 Les périodiques numérisés par la bibliothèque sont compris.
NOTE 3 Les revues en accès ouvert sont concernées comme des ressources gratuites de l'internet (voir 3.2.18).
3.2.18
ressource gratuite de l'internet
ressource de l'internet sans restriction d'accès
3.2.19
base de données en texte intégral
collection de textes originaux (monographies, rapports, articles de journaux, etc.), de documents de musique
imprimée, de documents cartographiques ou graphiques
NOTE 1 Les bases de données de brevets ou de périodiques électroniques sont exclues.
NOTE 2 Une base de données comprenant à la fois du texte intégral, des images animées ou du son et d'autres
éléments doit être comptabilisée en tant que base de données en texte intégral.
3.2.20
publication officielle
document publié aux frais d'un gouvernement ou d'une administration ou exigé par la loi ou par un organisme
international (par exemples les Nations Unies, l'Union européenne, l'Unesco)
NOTE Les brevets sont régis par 3.2.32. D'autres documents gouvernementaux sont comptabilisés en fonction de
leur format (voir B.3.3).
3.2.21
document graphique
document dans lequel la représentation picturale est la caractéristique la plus importante
NOTE C'est la forme picturale plutôt que linguistique, musicale ou cartographique qui compte. Cette catégorie
comprend les reproductions artistiques, les estampes, les photographies, les affiches, les esquisses, les dessins
techniques, etc., mais exclut les documents graphiques rassemblés en feuillets ou les microformes, les documents
audiovisuels ou les documents sous forme électronique.
3.2.22
collection
tous les documents mis à disposition des usagers par une bibliothèque
NOTE 1 Cela comprend les documents détenus localement et les ressources accessibles à distance pour lesquelles
des droits permanents ou temporaires ont été acquis.
NOTE 2 Les droits d'accès peuvent être acquis par la bibliothèque elle-même, par un consortium et/ou par un
financement extérieur.
NOTE 3 Les acquisitions doivent être considérées comme le résultat d'une sélection de documents, de droits d'accès
négociés et figurer dans le catalogue en ligne ou dans d'autres bases de données de la bibliothèque. Le prêt entre
bibliothèques et la fourniture de documents à distance sont exclus.
NOTE 4 Cela ne comprend pas les liens aux ressources de l'internet pour lesquels la bibliothèque n'a pas négocié de
droits d'accès par des autorisations légales (par exemple droit lié au dépôt légal), des licences ou des accords soit
contractuels soit de coopération. Les liens avec des ressources internet gratuites qui ont été cataloguées par la
bibliothèque et qui sont présentées sur le catalogue en ligne ou dans une base de données ont besoin d'être
comptabilisées séparément (voir 6.2.16).
3.2.23
manuscrit
document original qui est écrit à la main ou dactylographié
NOTE Les volumes reliés et les autres éléments (fragments, rouleaux, autographes, etc.) peuvent être comptabilisés
séparément.
8 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
3.2.24
microforme
document photographique nécessitant un grossissement pour être lu
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.3.3.12.
NOTE 2 Les microfiches et les microfilms sont compris.
NOTE 3 Les diapositives et les documents similaires sont comptabilisés en tant que documents audiovisuels.
3.2.25
monographie
publication sous forme imprimée ou non imprimée ou complète et finie en un seul volume ou destinée à l'être
en plusieurs volumes
[ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.4.02]
3.2.26
collection de monographies
ensemble de monographies dont chacune est reliée aux autres par un titre commun
[ISO 9707]
3.2.27
document multimédia
document rassemblant différents médias, texte, graphiques, photos, vidéo, audio pour utilisation interactive ou
format numérique
NOTE Les documents multimédias sont comptabilisés en fonction de leurs principales caractéristiques ou objectifs,
par exemple une base de données, un périodique électronique ou un document numérique.
3.2.28
journal
publication en série qui contient des informations générales ou spécialisées sur les événements en cours dont
les différentes parties sont classées chronologiquement ou numériquement et qui paraît généralement au
moins une fois par semaine
NOTE Les journaux électroniques sont compris.
3.2.29
autre base de données
base de données qui contient des informations descriptives ou des données numériques et qui est
couramment utilisée pour des informations particulières, par exemple les annuaires, encyclopédies,
dictionnaires, tableaux statistiques et données chiffrées, et/ou des ensembles de formules scientifiques
3.2.30
autre document numérique
document numérique autre que livre électronique, document audiovisuel en réseau ou brevet électronique,
par exemple rapport, prépublication, document cartographique ou musical, etc. au format électronique
3.2.31
autre document en bibliothèque
document non électronique autre qu'un livre, une publication en série, un manuscrit, un document de musique
imprimée, une microforme, un document cartographique, un document audiovisuel, un document graphique,
un brevet, définis spécifiquement dans la présente Norme internationale
NOTE Cela comprend les documents tels que les dioramas et autres documents en trois dimensions, les jeux, les
jouets, etc. Les documents en braille sont comptabilisés en tant que documents imprimés.
3.2.32
brevet
document administratif accordant exclusivement à son inventeur le droit d'utiliser ou d'accorder une licence
pour une invention, généralement complétée par des documents joints
3.2.33
périodique
publication en série éditée sous le même titre à intervalles réguliers ou irréguliers, sur une période
indéterminée, les livraisons successives étant numérotées de manière continue ou datées
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ISO 9707:1991, définition 2.32.
NOTE 2 Les collections de rapports, les rapports d'institutions, les collections d'actes de congrès et de publications
annuelles sont compris tandis que les journaux et les collections de monographies sont exclues.
NOTE 3 Les périodiques électroniques sont compris.
3.2.34
unité matérielle
document formant matériellement un tout cohérent, y compris les éléments de protection, et qui peut être
déplacé séparément
NOTE 1 La cohérence peut être obtenue par exemple par la reliure ou l'emboîtage.
NOTE 2 Pour les documents imprimés, le terme «volume» est utilisé dans le cas d'une unité matérielle (voir aussi
3.2.39).
3.2.35
document de musique imprimée
document dont le contenu principal est la représentation de la musique, généralement sous forme de notes
NOTE La musique imprimée peut se présenter sous forme de feuillets ou de recueils.
3.2.36
publication en série
document imprimé ou non, publié en parties successives, généralement classé par ordre numérique ou
chronologique et conçu pour être publié indéfiniment, quelle qu'en soit la périodicité
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.4.06.
NOTE 2 Les collections de monographies sont exclues et il convient de les comptabiliser avec les livres.
NOTE 3 Pour les besoins de la présente Norme internationale, les publications en série sont subdivisées en journaux
et périodiques, et chacun à nouveau par support, électronique et non électronique.
3.2.37
fonds
ensemble de documents d'un certain type (par exemple des livres et des périodiques, des microformes, des
périodiques électroniques) détenus localement ou à distance pour lesquels des droits d'accès permanents ou
temporaires ont été acquis
NOTE Le décompte doit être effectué à la fin de la période de référence.
3.2.38
titre
mot ou groupe de mots figurant en tête d'un document, pouvant être utilisé pour l'identifier et qui le distingue
d'un autre document
[ISO 5127:2001, définition 4.2.1.4.0.1]
10 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
NOTE Dans un but de comptage, un «titre» désigne un document formant un tout distinct sous un titre particulier,
qu'il soit édité en une ou plusieurs unités matérielles, et quel que soit le nombre d'exemplaires détenus par la bibliothèque.
[ISO 11620:1998/Amd.1:2003]
3.2.39
volume
s'agissant d'un document imprimé, unité matérielle réunissant un certain nombre de feuilles sous une
couverture pour former un tout ou la partie d'un ensemble
NOTE Adapté de l'ISO 5127:2001, définition 2.4.01.
3.2.40
élimination
document ou objet éliminé d'une collection pendant la période de référence
NOTE Les différentes voies d'élimination sont, par exemple, la suppression ou le transfert de propriété ou, dans le
cas des ressources électroniques, l'élimination des fichiers ou l'annulation des licences.
3.3 Usages et usagers de bibliothèque
3.3.1
emprunteur actif
usager ayant emprunté au moins un document au cours de la période de référence
3.3.2
usager actif
usager inscrit, entré à la bibliothèque ou ayant utilisé ses équipements ou ses services au cours de la période
de référence
NOTE Cela peut comprendre l'utilisation des services électroniques à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de la bibliothèque.
3.3.3
contenu téléchargé
unité de contenu documentaire obtenue après une demande aboutie dans une base de données, un
périodique électronique ou un document numérique
3.3.4
téléchargement
demande aboutie d'un enregistrement descriptif ou d'une unité de contenu documentaire, par exemple pour
affichage à l'écran, impression, sauvegarde ou envoi par messagerie électronique
NOTE Pour les connexions aux fichiers journaux des serveurs de la toile, les demandes abouties sont celles qui ont
des codes de retour spécifiques, tels que définis par le NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applications).
3.3.5
fourniture de document électronique (accès indirect)
transmission électronique d'un document ou d'un extrait de document, appartenant à la collection de la
bibliothèque, à un usager, par l'intermédiaire du personnel de la bibliothèque et qui n'est pas nécessairement
effectuée par le biais d'une autre bibliothèque
NOTE 1 La transmission électronique de documents à la population à desservir est comprise. La transmission par
télécopie est exclue.
NOTE 2 On peut distinguer deux catégories selon que la fourniture est gratuite ou payante pour l'usager.
NOTE 3 Le téléchargement direct par l'usager à partir de la collection électronique de la bibliothèque est exclu.
NOTE 4 Les catégories de prêt et de fourniture de documents définies dans la présente Norme internationale figurent
dans le Tableau 1.
Tableau 1 — Catégories de prêt et de fourniture de documents
Fournisseur
Bibliothèque Prestataire extérieur
Format de transmission
Emprunteur
Usager Autre bibliothèque Usager (via la bibliothèque)
Original Prêt PEB FDPPSI
Copie imprimée Prêt PEB FDPPSI
Électronique FDE FDE FDPPSI
PEB: prêt entre bibliothèques.
FDE: fourniture de document électronique (accès indirect).
FDPPSI: fourniture de document par un prestataire de service d'informations.
3.3.6
service électronique
service électronique de bibliothèque fourni par des serveurs locaux ou accessible à distance par les réseaux
NOTE Les services électroniques de bibliothèque comprennent le catalogue en ligne, le site électronique de la
bibliothèque, la collection électronique, la fourniture de documents électroniques (par l'intermédiaire de la bibliothèque), un
service de référence électronique, la formation des usagers aux services électroniques et l'accès à internet proposé par la
bibliothèque.
3.3.7
fourniture de document par un prestataire de service d'informations
fourniture de document ou d'extrait de document, sous forme imprimée ou électronique, n'appartenant pas
aux collections de la bibliothèque, par des prestataires extérieurs (hors prêt entre bibliothèques), la
bibliothèque étant impliquée dans la transaction et/ou le paiement
NOTE 1 On ne tient pas compte du mode de paiement intervenant (à l'unité ou au forfait).
NOTE 2 Les catégories de prêt et de fourniture de documents définies dans la présente Norme internationale figurent
dans le Tableau 1.
3.3.8
usager externe
usager d'une bibliothèque qui ne fait pas partie de la population à desservir
3.3.9
demande d'information
opération de médiation auprès du public (par le personnel de la bibliothèque) à partir d'une ou de plusieurs
sources d'informations (tels que les documents imprimés et non imprimés, les bases de données
électroniques, les catalogues de la bibliothèque et d'autres institutions)
NOTE 1 Adapté de l'ANSI/NISO Z39.7-2004.
NOTE 2 La demande d'information concerne également l'assistance aux utilisateurs de ces ressources.
NOTE 3 Une demande d'information peut renvoyer à plusieurs questions.
NOTE 4 La demande peut être adressée de vive voix, par téléphone, par courrier, par télécopie ou par voie
électronique (messagerie électronique, site sur la toile de la bibliothèque ou tout autre moyen de communication en
réseau).
12 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
NOTE 5 Il est essentiel que
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