ISO 10298:2010

Determination of toxicity of a gas or gas mixture

ISO 10298:2010 lists the best available acute-toxicity data of gases from the literature to allow the classification of gases and gas mixtures.

Détermination de la toxicité d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 29-Apr-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Apr-2010
• ICS: 71.100.20 - Gases for industrial application
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 58/SC 2 - Cylinder fittings
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 58/SC 2/WG 7 - Determination of properties of gases and gas mixtures
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 12-Feb-2018

Relations

• Revised: ISO 10298:2018 - Gas cylinders — Gases and gas mixtures — Determination of toxicity for the selection of cylinder valve outlets
• Effective Date: 05-Nov-2015
• Revises: ISO 10298:1995 - Determination of toxicity of a gas or gas mixture
• Effective Date: 20-Jun-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10298
Second edition
2010-05-15


Determination of toxicity of a gas or gas
mixture
Détermination de la toxicité d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz





Reference number
ISO 10298:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 Determination of toxicity .2
3.1 General .2
3.2 Test method .2
3.3 Calculation method .2
Annex A (informative) LC values for toxic gases and toxic vapours used in gas mixtures .3
50
Annex B (informative) Selection of an LC value for a particular gas .7
50
Bibliography.10

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10298 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 58, Gas cylinders, Subcommittee SC 2, Cylinder
fittings.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10298:1995), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Introduction
ISO 5145 “Cylinder valve outlets for gases and gas mixtures — Selection and dimensioning” and similar
standards establish practical criteria for the determination of outlet connections of cylinder valves. These
criteria are based on certain physical and chemical properties of the gases, in particular, the acute toxicity of
the gases.
One of the difficulties in the application of ISO 5145 resides in the fact that, in the case of single components,
there are abundant data in the literature (although differences may be found, depending upon the test
methods employed), but in the case of gas mixtures, data in the literature are often incomplete or even non-
existent.
The aim of this International Standard is to eliminate the ambiguities in the case of differences in the literature,
to supplement existing data and to give a calculation method for gas mixtures.
Since the publication of the first edition of ISO 10298, this International Standard has been used for other
purposes than the selection of cylinder valve outlets, e.g. providing toxicity data for the classification of gas
and gas mixtures according to the international transport regulations and dangerous substances regulations,
which since 2003 is under the umbrella of the Globally Harmonized System (GHS).

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10298:2010(E)

Determination of toxicity of a gas or gas mixture
1 Scope
This International Standard lists the best available acute-toxicity data of gases from the literature to allow the
classification of gases and gas mixtures.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
lethal concentration 50
LC
50
concentration of a gas (or a gas mixture) in air administered by a single exposure during a short period of time
(24 h or less) to a group of young adult albino rats (males and females) which leads to the death of half of the
animals in at least 14 days
2.2
toxicity level
level of toxicity of gases and gas mixtures
NOTE 1 In ISO 5145, the toxicity level is divided into three groups:
⎯ Subdivision 1: non toxic [LC > 5 000 ppm (volume fraction)]
50
⎯ Subdivision 2: toxic [200 ppm (volume fraction) < LC u 5 000 ppm (volume fraction)]
50
⎯ Subdivision 3: very toxic [LC u 200 ppm (volume fraction)]
50
where
LC values correspond to 1 h exposure to gas;
50
ppm (volume fraction) indicates parts per million, by volume.
NOTE 2 In the GHS, the inhalation toxicity levels are:
Category 1: Fatal if inhaled 0 ppm < LC u 100 ppm (volume fraction)
50
Category 2: Fatal if inhaled 100 ppm (volume fraction) < LC u 500 ppm (volume fraction)
50
Category 3: Toxic if inhaled 500 ppm (volume fraction) < LC u 2 500 ppm (volume fraction)
50
Category 4: Harmful if inhaled 2 500 ppm (volume fraction) < LC u 20 000 ppm (volume fraction)
50
NOTE 3 In GHS, the LC values correspond to 4 h exposure. Consequently, the LC values given in Annex A
50 50
(see 3.2.2) need to be divided by 2 (i.e. 4/1 ). The reasoning behind the division by 2 is given in Clause B.2.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
3 Determination of toxicity
3.1 General
Toxicity may be determined through a test method (3.2) for gas mixtures where the data for the components
exist, or through a calculation method (3.3).
For reasons of animal welfare, inhalation toxicity tests geared only for the classification of gas mixtures should
be avoided if the toxicity of each of the components is available. In this case, toxicity is determined in
accordance with 3.3.
3.2 Test method
3.2.1 Test procedure
When new toxicity data is being considered for inclusion in this International Standard, an internationally
[43]
recognized test method such as OECD TG 403 should be used.
3.2.2 Results for pure gases
The toxicity of pure gases is listed in Annex A, in which LC values correspond to 1 h exposure. Some of
50
these values have been estimated in accordance with Annex B.
3.3 Calculation method
The LC value of a gas mixture is calculated using the following equation:
50
1

LC =
50
C
i
∑
LC
50
i
where
C is the mole fraction of the ith toxic component present in the gas mixture;
i
LC is the lethal concentration of the ith toxic component [LC < 5 000 ppm (by volume)].
50i 50
After the LC of the gas mixture has been calculated, this mixture is classified in accordance with 2.2.
50
1)
NOTE Synergistic effects have not been considered in the above, due to a lack of scientific data.

1) For example, LEVIN, B.C. et al. Toxicological interactions between carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Toxicol., 47, 1987,
pp. 135-164.
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Annex A
(informative)

LC values for toxic gases and toxic vapours used in gas mixtures
50
Table A.1 lists for each gas the LC values and the literature references.
50
Table A.2 lists for each vapour the LC values and the literature references.
50
Table A.3 specifies the criteria for oxidizing gases.
Table A.1— List of toxic gases with their LC values and literature sources
50
a b
Gases CAS No. UN No. LC /1 h ppm Remarks Literature
50
Common name (volume reference
fraction) (see the
Bibliography)
Ammonia 7664-41-7 1005 7 338 [1]
Arsine 7784-42-1 2188 178 [62]
Arsenic pentafluoride 7784-36-3 3308 178 By analogy with arsine
Boron trichloride 10294-34-5 1741 2 541 [1]
Boron trifluoride 7637-07-2 1008 864 [44]
Bromine chloride 13863-41-7 2901 290 Estimated from chlorine
Carbon monoxide 630-08-0 1016 3 760 Time-adjusted [6]
Carbonyl fluoride 353-50-4 2417 360 [5]
Carbonyl sulfide 463-58-1 2204 1 700 Time-adjusted [7]
Chlorine 7782-50-5 1017 293 [1]
Chlorine pentafluoride 13637-63-3 2548 122 [8]
Chlorine trifluoride 7790-91-2 1749 299 [8]
Chlorotrifluoroethylene 79-38-9 1082 2 000 Time-adjusted [10]
Chloromethane 74-87-3 1063 5 133 [54]
Cyanogen 460-19-5 1026 350 [11]
c
Cyclopropane 75-19-4 1027 220 000 “Non toxic” – LC – Mouse –
LO
Time-adjusted
Cyanogen chloride 506-77-4 1589 80 Time-adjusted [12]
Deuterium chloride 7698-05-7 1789 3 120
Deuterium selenide 13536-95-3 2202 51 Same as hydrogen selenide
Deuterium sulfide 13536-94-2 1053 710 Similar to hydrogen sulfide
Diborane 19287-45-7 1911 80 Time-adjusted [13]
Dichlorosilane 4109-96-0 2189 314 [52]
Dimethylamine 124-40-3 1032 5 290 Time-adjusted [67]
Dinitrogen trioxide 10544-73-7 2421 57 Calculated from decomposition
into NO
2
Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 1040 2 900 Time-adjusted [18]
Fluorine 7782-41-4 1045 185 [19]
Germane 7782-65-2 2192 620 [55]
Hexafluoroacetone 684-16-2 2420 470 Time-adjusted [56]
Hydrogen bromide 10035-10-6 1048 2 860 [51]
Hydrogen chloride 7647-01-0 1050 2 810 [45]
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Table A.1 (continued)
a b
Gases CAS No. UN No. LC /1 h ppm Remarks Literature
50
Common name (volume reference
fraction) (see the
Bibliography)
Hydrogen iodide 10034-85-2 2197 2 860 By analogy with hydrogen bromide
Hydrogen selenide 07783-07-5 2 202 51 [57]
Hydrogen sulfide 07783-06-4 1053 712 [1]
Hydrogen telluride 07783-09-7 3160 51 By analogy with hydrogen selenide
Methyl bromide 74-83-9 1062 850 Time-adjusted [23]
Methyl mercaptan 74-93-1 1064 1 350 Time-adjusted [24]
Methyl vinyl ether 107-25-5 1087 >40 000 Unverified source at 64 000 ppm
(inhibited)
Monoethylamine 75-04-7 1036 16 000 Time-adjusted [25]
Monomethylamine 74-89-5 1061 7 110 [46]
Mustard gas  4 LC – Human – [17]
LO
Time-adjusted
Nitrogen monoxide 10102-43-9 1070 115 Same as nitrogen dioxide
Nitrogen dioxide 10102-44-0 1067 115 [28]
Nitrogen trifluoride 7783-54-2 2451 6 700 [48]
Nitrosyl chloride 2696-92-6 1069 35 Time-adjusted – LC – cat [29]
LO
Oxygen difluoride 7783-41-7 2190 2,6 [8]
Ozone 10028-15-6 9 Time-adjusted [30]
Phosgene 75-44-5 1076 5 Time-adjusted [32]
Phosphine 7803-51-2 2199 20 Time-adjusted [64]
Phosphorus
07647-19-0 2198 261 Derived from decomposition to HF —
pentafluoride
Phosphorus trifluoride 7783-55-3 3308 436 Derived from decomposition to HF —
Selenium hexafluoride 7783-79-1 2194 50 Time-adjusted [39]
Silane 7803-62-5 2203 19 000 Time-adjusted [1]
Silicon tetrafluoride 7783-61-1 1859 922 [5]
Stibine 7803-52-3 2676 178 By analogy with arsine —
Sulfur dioxide 7446-09-5 1079 2 520 [35]
Sulfur tetrafluoride 7783-60-0 2418 40 [36]
Sulfuryl fluoride 2699-79-8 2191 3 020 [1]
Tellurium hexafluoride 7783-80-4 2195 25 Time-adjusted [39]
Tetrafluoroethylene 116-14-3 1081 2 000
Trifluoroacetyl chloride 354-32-5 3057 10 Similar to trichloroacetyl chloride
Trifluoroethylene 359-11-5 1954 2 000 Time-adjusted - Taken from
chlorotrifluoroethylene
Trimethylamine 75-50-3 1083 7 000 LC – Time-adjusted [66]
LO
Tungsten hexafluoride 7783-82-6 2196 218 Derived from decomposition to HF
Vinyl bromide 593-60-2 1085 > 40 000
(inhibited)
Vinyl chloride (inhibited) 75-01-4 1086 150 000 [47]
Vinyl fluoride (inhibited) 75-02-5 1860 > 40 000
a
CAS = Chemical Abstract System.
b
See 3.2.2.
c
LC = lethal concentration low value.
LO
4 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Table A.2 — List of toxic liquefiable vapours with their LC values and literature sources
50
a
b
CAS No. UN No.
Vapours LC /1 h ppm Remarks Literature
50
Common name (volume reference
fraction) (see the
Bibliography)
Antimony pentafluoride 7783-70-2 1732 30 Mouse [2]
Arsenic trifluoride 7784-35-2 1556 178 By analogy with arsine
Bis(trifluoromethyl) 927-84-4 10 Assumed (conservative)
peroxide
Boron tribromide 10294-33-4 2692 950 Derived from HBr with BF
3
Bromine chloride 13863-41-7 2901 290 Estimated from chlorine
Bromine pentafluoride 7789-30-2 1745 25 Time- and effect-adjusted [4]
Bromine trifluoride 7787-71-5 1746 180 Estimated from F
2
Bromoacetone 598-31-2 1569 260 By analogy with chloroacetone
Deuterium fluoride 14333-26-7 1 100
Dibromodifluoro- 1868-53-7 1941 27 000 LC – Time-adjusted
LO
methane
Dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)  8 Extrapolated from intravenous [14]
arsine injection
Diethylamine 109-89-7 1154 8 000 Time adjusted [67]
Diethylzinc 557-20-0 1366 non-toxic Assumed (conservative) [15]
Diphosgene 503-38-8 1076 2 Derived from phosgene
(conservative)
Ethyldichloroarsine 598-14-1 1892 7 LC – Human – Time-adjusted [17]
LO
Heptafluorobutyronitrile 375-00-8 10 Assumed (conservative)
Hydrogen cyanide 74-90-8 1613 144 Time-adjusted [59]
Hydrogen fluoride 7664-39-3 1052 1 307 Median value of 5 studies [61]
Iodine pentafluoride 7783-66-6 2495 120 Similar to CIF
5
Methylchlorosilane 993-00-0 2534 2 810 Adjusted for HCl equivalent [53]
Methyldichloroarsine 593-89-5 1556 7 By analogy with ethyldichloroarsine
Methyldichlorosilane 75-54-7 1242 1 785 [49]
Nickel carbonyl 13463-39-3 1259 20 Time-adjusted [27]
Pentaborane 19624-22-7 1380 10 Time-adjusted [31]
Pentafluorobutyronitrile None listed 10
Pentafluoropropionitrile 422-04-8 10 Assumed (conservative)
Perchloryl fluoride 7616-94-6 770 Time-adjusted [12]
Perfluorobut-2-ene 360-89-4 12 000 “Non toxic” – LC – [2]
LO
Time-adjusted
Phenylcarbylamine 622-44-6 1672 5 By analogy with phosgene —
chloride
Propylene oxide 75-56-9 1951 7 140 Time-adjusted [60]
Silicon tetrachloride 10026-04-7 1818 1 312 [49]
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 5

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 10298:2010(E)
Table A.2 (continued)
a
b
CAS No. UN No.
Vapours LC /1 h ppm Remarks Literature
50
Common name
...