ISO/IEC 14545:1998
(Main)Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring copying machine productivity
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for measuring copying machine productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipement de bureau — Méthode de mesure de la productivité des machines à copier
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14545
First edition
1998-12-15
Information technology — Office
equipment — Method for measuring
copying machine productivity
Technologies de l'information — Équipement de bureau — Méthode de
mesure de la productivité des machines à copier
Reference number
B C
ISO/IEC 14545:1998(E)
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ISO/IEC 14545:1998(E)
Contents
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Test conditions 2
4 Measuring method 2
5 Calculations and Treatment of Data 4
6 Presentation of results 5
© ISO/IEC 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISO/IEC Copyright Office • Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
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ISO/IEC 14545:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)
form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO/IEC 14545 was prepared by ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee
Office equipment
SC 28, .
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14545:1998(E)
Information technology — Office equipment — Method for
measuring copying machine productivity
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for measuring the real output speed or “productivity” of copying
machines. This International Standard is applicable to plain paper copying machines equipped with automatic
document feeder or handling capability. This International Standard can be used for such machines run in either
simplex or duplex copying modes. It is specifically intended for use with non-digital copiers, generally referred to as
light-lens or analog devices. This International Standard allows comparison of the throughput copy rates for a
machine operated in its various available duplexing modes.
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Most copying machines produce duplex copies at a different rate than their nominal speed when automatically
feeding originals, and sorting and/or finishing the copies.
Duplex copy modes (1:2,2:1,2:2) are often used. In those modes, a reduction of effective copying speed is
frequently clearly noticed.
The degree to which a reduction in productivity is experienced depends significantly on the type of document
handler used on a machine. A document handler which presents originals to a copier platen in collated order for a
single copy of each page to be made in sucession (precollating) can be provide a very different productivity from
one which presents originals for copying of the full number of desired pages before the next original page in
sequence is advanced to the platen for copying (postcollating). In addition, the effective productivity of a machine
can be influenced by job related parameters, the most dominant of which are the number of originals in a set to be
copied, and the run length, or number of copied sets to be produced. Existing standards, as well as common
contemporary practices for measuring and reporting copying machine productivity do not adequately take into
account these important machine and job related factors.
This International Standard provides a common method for measuring the real output speed or “productivity” when
the above mentioned duplexing modes are used, and it allows manufacturers and buyers of copying machines to
describe and compare the “productivity” of various copying machines equipped with such features.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
Information technology — Office equipment — Minimum information to be included in
ISO/IEC 11159:1996,
specification sheets — Copying machines.
American Society for Testing and Materials — ASTM F 1318-90 — "Standard Test Method for Determination of
Productivity Using Electrostatic Copy Machines with Various Configurations".
_________
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Nominal copying speed as used herein refers to copies per minute produced in a continuous copying mode with an original
stationary on the machine platen. Measurement of nominal copying shall be according to ISO/IEC 11159-2, parameter 5.1
Copying speed.
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3 Test conditions
3.1 Environment
The test(s) shall be performed in the following environment:
o o
•
Temperature: 18 C to 25 C
• Relative humidity: 30% to 70%
The copying machine shall be fully enclosed in its normal operation cover set. The machine and its full complement
of supplies shall have been acclimated in this environment prior to conduct of the test(s). All supplies used in the
test(s), including copy paper, shall be those specified by the manufacturer.
3.2 Voltage
The copying machine shall be connected to a voltage supply which remains within ± 10% of the nominal value of the
specified operating voltage for the copying machine under test.
3.3 Copy paper
The paper used shall have the following characteristics:
• cutsheet
• A4 size
2 2
•
weight: 60 g/m to 90 g/m
4 Measuring method
4.1 Definitions
“Simplex copying”: This term is generic, and while less often used, it is the logical counterpart to the common term
“duplexing” (see below). It describes the single most common specific operating mode:
1:1 mode: Simplex to simplex, or single-sided originals to single-sided copies.
“Duplexing”: This term is used to describe uses in which a copier can make a number of copies for a given number
of originals, with information on one or both sides of the originals, and the copying being done to one or both sides
of the copies. There is a one to one correspondence between originals and copies with regard to page content, but
the three specific operating modes are each associated with more or less sheets of copied paper than original
sheets of paper as follows:
1:2 mode: Simplex to duplex, or single-sided originals to two-sided copies
2:2 mode: Duplex to duplex, or two-sided originals to two-sided copies
2:1 mode: Duplex to simplex, or two-sided originals to single-sided copies
4.2 Measurements
4.2.1 General
The machine under test shall be preconditioned as in clause 3. The orientation of copy paper shall correspond to
long edge feed, except in the instance when this feed orientation is not an attribute of the machine. In this latter
case, short edge feed must be used, and this fact must be reported with the results of these tests.
The test(s) shall be done in the following modes, insofar as they are available on the machine of interest: 1:1, 1:2,
2:2, 2:1. Each test generates multiple sets of copies, as set forth in the following matrix table (Table 1, Productivity
Run Matrix) of defined test conditions. The test requirements differ depending on the nominal speed of the copying
machine. Examples of these test requirements and results are shown in Annex A.
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Table 1 — Productivity Run Matrix
Original Set Copying Run Length (Number of copied sets)
Size, N mode
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(number of sides) 1n n
50 95
(5 or 10 or 20)
4 1:1 R R R
4 1:2 R R R
4 2:2 R R R
4 2:1 R R R
10 1:1 R R R
10 1:2 R R R
10 2:2 R R R
10 2:1 R R R
20 1:1 R R R
20 1:2 R R R
20 2:2 R R R
20 2:1 R R R
> 20 1:1 O O O
> 20 1:2 O O O
> 20 2:2 O O O
> 20 2:1 O O O
R = required; O = optional
The following additional considerations apply to the use of Table 1.
Use of original set sizes, N , greater than 20, is optional, but may be employed if desired to demonstrate the
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characteristics of high productivity machines where the use of large sets is necessary to do so.
In general, a minimum of three run lengths is always required, according to these criteria:
a) Rung length = 1 is mandatory for any machine, regardless of nominal copy rate and / or productivity;
b) a Run length, n , near the 50% productivity point for the machine in each of its selected operating mode is
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required; whichever of the three designated Run lengths (5, 10 or 20 copied sets) most closely matches this 50 %
point must be used;
c) a Run length, n , sufficiently long to measure the productivity point of the machine at ≥ 95% of maximum must
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be selected for each operating mode. If 95 % of maximum productivity is not attained within the Run length range of
5 - 20 copied sets, a longer Run length must be selected to achieve this condition.
The application of these three criteria to the selection of productivity data points are illustrated by the following
additional considerations and reference to Annex A:
For each set size and copying mode,
1. measurement at Run length = 1 and 10 is required
2. if data at Run length = 10 is equivalent to n , then data at Run length = 5 is required;
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3. if data for Run length = 10 is not equivalent to n95, then data for Run length = 20 is required;
4. if highest productivity is achieved at Set Size N, and Run length n both > 20, data for these conditions is not
required.
Copies shall be made continuously, and shall not include special features as reduction, enlargement, automatic
exposure or other output copy handling or finishing functions such as sorting or stapling. (The methods set forth
here may be extended for assessment of the producti
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