ISO 15490:2008
(Main)Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for tensile strength of monolithic ceramics at room temperature
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for tensile strength of monolithic ceramics at room temperature
ISO 15490:2008 specifies the test method for determining the tensile strength under uniaxial loading of monolithic fine ceramics and whisker or particulate-reinforced ceramic composites at room temperature. This test method, in which parasitic bending is minimized, may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization and design data generation.
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d'essai de résistance à la traction des céramiques monolithiques à température ambiante
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15490
Second edition
2008-01-15
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) — Test
method for tensile strength of monolithic
ceramics at room temperature
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d'essai de résistance à la traction
des céramiques monolithiques à température ambiante
Reference number
ISO 15490:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
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ISO 15490:2008(E)
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO 15490:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Principle. 2
5 Apparatus. 2
6 Test specimen. 2
7 Procedures. 3
8 Calculation. 5
9 Report. 5
Annex A (informative) Shape and dimensions of test specimen . 7
Bibliography . 10
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ISO 15490:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15490 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15490:2000), which has been technically
revised.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15490:2008(E)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Test method for tensile strength of monolithic
ceramics at room temperature
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the test method for determining the tensile strength under uniaxial
loading of monolithic fine ceramics and whisker or particulate-reinforced ceramic composites at room
temperature. This test method, in which parasitic bending is minimized, may be used for material development,
material comparison, quality assurance, characterization and design data generation.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3611:1978, Micrometer callipers for external measurement
ISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
tensile stress
value of tensile force applied to a test specimen divided by the original cross-sectional area of the gauge part
of a test specimen
3.2
tensile strength
maximum tensile stress applied to a test specimen during a tensile strength test
3.3
maximum tensile force
maximum force applied to a test specimen during a tensile strength test
3.4
gauge section
parallel portion of the test specimen having the same cross-section as its middle part
3.5
gripped region
end part of a test specimen which is held by the gripping device of a tensile test machine
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ISO 15490:2008(E)
3.6
gripping device
device to hold a test specimen and to transfer a force to a test specimen during a tensile test
3.7
bending strain component
value of bending strain generated on the surface of the gauge part of a test specimen by axial misalignment,
divided by the average strain
3.8
percent bending
bending strain component times 100
3.9
strain
fractional increase in length when a test specimen is loaded in tension
3.10
breaking force
force at which fracture occurs
4 Principle
The test consists of applying a tensile force to a test specimen by uniaxial loading until fracture, for the
purpose of determining the tensile strength.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Tensile testing machine
The testing machine used for the tensile test shall conform to the requirements of lSO 7500-1:2004, Class 1.
5.2 Gripping devices
Every endeavour shall be made to ensure that test specimens are held in such a way that the force is applied
as axially as possible (see 7.2). For this purpose, various types of gripping device may be used.
NOTE The gripping devices that have been applied to measuring tensile strength of monolithic ceramics and their
advantages/disadvantages are shown in ASTM C 1273.
6 Test specimen
6.1 Shape and dimensions
The shape and dimensions of the test specimens depend on several factors, including the purpose of the
tensile test itself, the gripping devices, and the shape and dimensions of the ceramic products whose tensile
strength is to be determined. Therefore, various shapes and dimensions may be used.
The shapes and dimensions, however, shall be determined so that the tensile stress is applied uniformly in the
gauge section (see 7.2). Also, it shall be ensured that stress concentrations which could lead to undesired
fractures outside the gauge section are minimized. In addition, the cross-section of the gauge section shall be
uniform, with a dimensional accuracy greater than ± 0,5 %.
The test specimens that have been applied to testing fine ceramics are shown in Annex A.
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ISO 15490:2008(E)
6.2 Test specimen preparation
Surface finishes in the gauge section of the order of average roughness Ra 0,2 µm to 0,4 µm (measured in the
longitudinal direction) are recommended in order to avoid surface-roughness-related fracture.
Unless it is part of an exercise to determine the effects of grinding methods, it is highly recommended that the
final grinding operation in the gauge section be performed along the longitudinal direction of the test specimen,
in order to ensure that grinding marks are parallel to the applied tensile stress.
Care shall be taken in storage and handling of finished test specimens to avoid the introduction of random and
severe flaws.
NOTE In some cases, the final surface finish might not be as important as the subsurface damage produced during
the grinding process. This damage is not readily observed or measured.
6.3 Number of test specimens
As a general rule, a minimum of ten tests is required for the purpose of estimating a mean, and thirty or more
tests are needed to estimate the strength distribution parameters, such as Weibull modulus and characteristic
strength
Tests with fractures outside the gauge section shall not be included in the calculation of the mean or standard
deviation, but may be included in the calculation of Weibull statistics as censored tests.
NOTE The number of test specime
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