ISO 5017:1988
(Main)Dense shaped refractory products — Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Dense shaped refractory products — Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Produits réfractaires façonnés denses — Détermination de la masse volumique apparente, de la porosité ouverte et de la porosité totale
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[SO
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
5017
First edition
1988-06-1 5
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
MEXflYHAPOAHAR OPrAHM3AuMR il0 CTAHflAPTMSAUMM
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Dense shaped refractory products - Determination of
bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Produits réfractaires façonnés denses - Détermination de la masse volumique apparente,
de la porosité ouverte et de la porosité totale
Reference number
IS0 5017 : 1988 (E)
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IS0 5017 : 1988 (E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at
75 % approval by the member bodies voting.
least
International Standard IS0 5017 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33,
Refractories.
cs' International Organization for Standardization, 1988 0
Printed in Switzerland
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 5017 : 1988 (E)
Dense shaped refractory products - Determination of
bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
3.4 true volume: The volume of the solid material in a
1 Scope
porous body.
This International Standard specifies a method for the deter-
mination of the bulk density, the apparent porosity and the true
open pores: Those pores that are penetrated by the im-
3.5
porosity of dense shaped refractory products.
mersion liquid in the test described.
NOTE - These pores are, in principle, all those that are connected
with the atmosphere, either directly or via one another. Here also the
-- 2 Normative references
roughness of the surface imposes a limit to the accuracy of the defini-
tion of the volume of the open pores.
The following standards contain provisions which, through
reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International
Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
closed pores: Those pores that are not penetrated by
3.6
were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
the immersion liquid in the test described.
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged
to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
3.7 apparent porosity na: The ratio of the total volume of
editions of the standards listed below. Members of IEC and IS0
the open pores in a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
as a percentage of the bulk volume.
IS0 758 : 1976, Liquid chemical products for industrial use -
Determination of density at 20 OC.
3.8 closed porosity nf : The ratio of the total volume of the
closed pores in a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed as
IS0 5016 : 1986, Shaped insulating refractory products -
a percentage of the bulk volume.
Determination of bulk density and true porosity.
3.9 true porosity nt: The ratio of the total volume of the
IS0 5018 : 1983, Refractory materials - Determination of true
open and closed pores to the bulk volume of the material, ex-
density.
pressed as a percentage.
IS0 5022 : 1979, Shaped refractory products - Sampling and
NOTE - Consequently, the true porosity is the sum of the apparent
acceptance testing.
--
porosity and the closed porosity.
3 Definitions
3.10 dense shaped refractory product : A product having
a true porosity of less than 45 % (V/ Vi.
For the purpose of this International Standard, the following
definitions apply.
4 Principle
3.1 bulk density, &,: The ratio of the mass of the dry
material of a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed in
4.1 The following are determined by weighing : the mass of a
grams per cubic centimetre or in kilograms per cubic metre.
dry test piece, then its apparent mass when immersed in a
liquid with which it has been impregnated under vacuum, and
3.2 bulk volume, vb: The sum of the volumes of the solid
then its mass in air while still soaked with the liquid.
material, the open pores and the closed pores in a porous
body.1)
From these values and from the true density of the material
(determined by the method specified in IS0 50181, its bulk den-
true density, e: The ratio of the mass of the material of a
sity, apparent porosity and true porosity are determined by
3.3
porous body to its true volume.
calculation.
1) The roughness of the surface limits the accuracy of definition of the bulk volume and, in consequence, of the bulk density. Also, the notion of
bulk density becomes less precise when the volume of the sample diminishes below certain limits or when its texture (size of pores and grains) is too
coarse.
1
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IS0 5017 : 1988 (E)
4.2 The precision of the results does not require any correc- 7 Procedure
tion to be made for the fact that weighings are carried out in air,
not in a vacuum.
7.1 Determination of mass of dry test piece
Dry the test piece at 110 I 5 OC to constant mass, i.e. until
two successive weighings made before and after at least 2 h in
5 Apparatus and materials
the oven do not differ by more than 0,l %.
5.1 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at
Before each weighing, place the test piece in a desiccator until
110 f 5OC.
it has cooled to room temperature. Weigh each test piece to
the neareast 0,Ol g. The mass determined is the mass of the
dry test piece (m,).
Balance, with an accuracy of I0,Ol g.
5.2
7.2 Soaking of test piece
Bridge, to be placed over the load-bearing scale pan of
5.3
the balance (see 7.31, if a two-pan balance
...
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