ISO 13537:2010

Space data and information transfer systems — Reference architecture for space data systems

ISO 13537:2010 presents a reference architecture for space data systems (RASDS). The RASDS is intended to provide a standardized approach for description of data system architectures and high-level designs, which individual CCSDS working groups may use within CCSDS. This approach is aligned with current practices in the fields of system and software architecture and is specifically adapted for the space domain. While it is intended for use within CCSDS, it is also suitable for use by mission and project design teams to describe system architectures and designs within the space domain. It does not propose any specific formal modeling method or tool, but can be adapted to use methods like UML or SysML.

Systèmes de transfert des informations et données spatiales — Architecture de référence pour les systèmes de données spatiales

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Sep-2010
• ICS: 49.140 - Space systems and operations
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 13 - Space data and information transfer systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 13 - Space data and information transfer systems
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Start Date: 04-Jun-2026

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13537
First edition
2010-10-01


Space data and information transfer
systems — Reference architecture for
space data systems
Systèmes de transfert des informations et données spatiales —
Architecture de référence pour les systèmes de données spatiales




Reference number
ISO 13537:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010

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ISO 13537:2010(E)
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13537 was prepared by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) (as
CCSDS 311.0-M-1, September 2008) and was adopted (without modifications except those stated in Clause 2
of this International Standard) by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee
SC 13, Space data and information transfer systems.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13537:2010(E)

Space data and information transfer systems — Reference
architecture for space data systems
1 Scope
This International Standard presents a reference architecture for space data systems (RASDS). The RASDS
is intended to provide a standardized approach for description of data system architectures and high-level
designs, which individual CCSDS working groups may use within CCSDS. This approach is aligned with
current practices in the fields of system and software architecture and is specifically adapted for the space
domain. While it is intended for use within CCSDS, it is also suitable for use by mission and project design
teams to describe system architectures and designs within the space domain. It does not propose any specific
formal modeling method or tool, but can be adapted to use methods like UML or SysML.
The scope and field of application are furthermore detailed in subclauses 1.2 and 1.3 of the enclosed CCSDS
publication.
2 Requirements
Requirements are the technical recommendations made in the following publication (reproduced on the
following pages), which is adopted as an International Standard:
CCSDS 311.0-M-1, September 2008, Reference architecture for space data systems
For the purposes of international standardization, the modifications outlined below shall apply to the specific
clauses and paragraphs of publication CCSDS 311.0-M-1.
Pages i to v
This part is information which is relevant to the CCSDS publication only.
Page 1-5
Correct the following references to:
[1] Information Technology —Open Distributed Processing —Reference model: Architecture. International
Standard, ISO/IEC 10746-3:2009. Geneva: ISO, 2009.
[15] Information Technology —Open Distributed Processing —Use of UML for ODP System Specifications.
International Standard, ISO/IEC 19793:2008. Geneva: ISO, 2008.
3 Revision of publication CCSDS 311.0-M-1
It has been agreed with the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems that Subcommittee
ISO/TC 20/SC 13 will be consulted in the event of any revision or amendment of publication
CCSDS 311.0-M-1. To this end, NASA will act as a liaison body between CCSDS and ISO.
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
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ISO 13537:2010(E)

Recommendation for Space Data System Practices
REFERENCE
ARCHITECTURE FOR
SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
RECOMMENDED PRACTICE
CCSDS 311.0-M-1
MAGENTA BOOK
September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
AUTHORITY



Issue: Recommended Practice, Issue 1
Date: September 2008
Location: Washington, DC, USA

This document has been approved for publication by the Management Council of the
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) and represents the consensus
technical agreement of the participating CCSDS Member Agencies. The procedure for
review and authorization of CCSDS documents is detailed in the Procedures Manual for the
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, and the record of Agency participation in
the authorization of this document can be obtained from the CCSDS Secretariat at the
address below.


This document is published and maintained by:

CCSDS Secretariat
Space Communications and Navigation Office, 7L70
Space Operations Mission Directorate
NASA Headquarters
Washington, DC 20546-0001, USA
CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page i September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
STATEMENT OF INTENT
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is an organization officially
established by the management of its members. The Committee meets periodically to address
data systems problems that are common to all participants, and to formulate sound technical
solutions to these problems. Inasmuch as participation in the CCSDS is completely
voluntary, the results of Committee actions are termed Recommendations and are not in
themselves considered binding on any Agency.
CCSDS Recommendations take two forms: Recommended Standards that are prescriptive
and are the formal vehicles by which CCSDS Agencies create the standards that specify how
elements of their space mission support infrastructure shall operate and interoperate with
others; and Recommended Practices that are more descriptive in nature and are intended to
provide general guidance about how to approach a particular problem associated with space
mission support. This Recommended Practice is issued by, and represents the consensus of,
the CCSDS members. Endorsement of this Recommended Practice is entirely voluntary
and does not imply a commitment by any Agency or organization to implement its
recommendations in a prescriptive sense.
No later than five years from its date of issuance, this Recommended Practice will be
reviewed by the CCSDS to determine whether it should: (1) remain in effect without change;
(2) be changed to reflect the impact of new technologies, new requirements, or new
directions; or (3) be retired or canceled.
In those instances when a new version of a Recommended Practice is issued, existing
CCSDS-related member Practices and implementations are not negated or deemed to be non-
CCSDS compatible. It is the responsibility of each member to determine when such Practices
or implementations are to be modified. Each member is, however, strongly encouraged to
direct planning for its new Practices and implementations towards the later version of the
Recommended Practice.

CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page ii September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
Through the process of normal evolution, it is expected that expansion, deletion, or
modification of this document may occur. This Recommended Practice is therefore subject
to CCSDS document management and change control procedures, which are defined in the
Procedures Manual for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems. Current
versions of CCSDS documents are maintained at the CCSDS Web site:
http://www.ccsds.org/
Questions relating to the contents or status of this document should be addressed to the
CCSDS Secretariat at the address indicated on page i.
CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page iii September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
At time of publication, the active Member and Observer Agencies of the CCSDS were:

Member Agencies

– Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)/Italy.
– British National Space Centre (BNSC)/United Kingdom.
– Canadian Space Agency (CSA)/Canada.
– Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)/France.
– China National Space Administration (CNSA)/People’s Republic of China.
– Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)/Germany.
– European Space Agency (ESA)/Europe.
– Federal Space Agency (FSA)/Russian Federation.
– Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)/Brazil.
– Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)/Japan.
– National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/USA.

Observer Agencies

– Austrian Space Agency (ASA)/Austria.
– Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BFSPO)/Belgium.
– Central Research Institute of Machine Building (TsNIIMash)/Russian Federation.
– Centro Tecnico Aeroespacial (CTA)/Brazil.
– Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)/China.
– Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST)/China.
– Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)/Australia.
– Danish National Space Center (DNSC)/Denmark.
– European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites
(EUMETSAT)/Europe.
– European Telecommunications Satellite Organization (EUTELSAT)/Europe.
– Hellenic National Space Committee (HNSC)/Greece.
– Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)/India.
– Institute of Space Research (IKI)/Russian Federation.
– KFKI Research Institute for Particle & Nuclear Physics (KFKI)/Hungary.
– Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI)/Korea.
– MIKOMTEK: CSIR (CSIR)/Republic of South Africa.
– Ministry of Communications (MOC)/Israel.
– National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)/Japan.
– National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/USA.
– National Space Organization (NSPO)/Chinese Taipei.
– Naval Center for Space Technology (NCST)/USA.
– Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)/Pakistan.
– Swedish Space Corporation (SSC)/Sweden.
– United States Geological Survey (USGS)/USA.

CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page iv September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
DOCUMENT CONTROL

Document Title Date Status/Remarks
CCSDS Reference Architecture for Space September Original issue
311.0-M-1 Data Systems, Recommended 2008
Practice, Issue 1





CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page v September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
CONTENTS
Section Page
1 INTRODUCTION. 1-1

1.1 SCOPE. 1-1
1.2 PURPOSE. 1-1
1.3 APPLICABILITY. 1-1
1.4 RATIONALE. 1-2
1.5 MANDATORY SECURITY SECTION . 1-3
1.6 DOCUMENT STRUCTURE . 1-4
1.7 REFERENCES . 1-4

2 OVERVIEW. 2-1

2.1 GENERAL. 2-1
2.2 VIEWPOINTS AND VIEWPOINT SPECIFICATIONS . 2-1
2.3 OVERVIEW OF VIEWPOINTS. 2-2
2.4 ENTERPRISE VIEWPOINT . 2-3
2.5 FUNCTIONAL VIEWPOINT. 2-5
2.6 CONNECTIVITY VIEWPOINT. 2-6
2.7 COMMUNICATIONS VIEWPOINT . 2-8
2.8 INFORMATION VIEWPOINT . 2-11
2.9 CORRESPONDENCES BETWEEN VIEWPOINTS. 2-12

3 BASIC CONCEPTS. 3-1

3.1 GENERAL. 3-1
3.2 DEFINITIONS. 3-1
3.3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS. 3-6
3.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF OBJECTS . 3-6

4 ENTERPRISE VIEWPOINT . 4-1

4.1 OVERVIEW . 4-1
4.2 CONCEPTS. 4-1
4.3 ENTERPRISE OBJECTS. 4-2
4.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTERPRISE OBJECTS . 4-3
4.5 EXAMPLES OF SPACE DATA SYSTEMS DESCRIBED WITH
ENTERPRISE VIEWPOINT . 4-5
4.6 SECURITY ISSUES IN THE ENTERPRISE VIEWPOINT. 4-7

CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page vi September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
CONTENTS (continued)
Section Page
5 FUNCTIONAL VIEWPOINT. 5-1

5.1 OVERVIEW . 5-1
5.2 CONCEPTS. 5-1
5.3 FUNCTIONAL OBJECTS . 5-2
5.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNCTIONAL OBJECTS. 5-4
5.5 EXAMPLE OF A SPACE DATA SYSTEM DESCRIBED FROM THE
FUNCTIONAL VIEWPOINT. 5-6
5.6 EXAMPLE OF SPACE DATA SYSTEM WITH INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE . 5-7
5.7 SECURITY ISSUES IN THE FUNCTIONAL VIEWPOINT. 5-8

6 CONNECTIVITY VIEWPOINT . 6-1

6.1 OVERVIEW . 6-1
6.2 CONCEPTS. 6-1
6.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF CONNECTIVITY OBJECTS . 6-2
6.4 NODES . 6-6
6.5 LINKS. 6-7
6.6 EXAMPLES OF SPACE DATA SYSTEMS DESCRIBED WITH
CONNECTIVITY VIEWS . 6-8
6.7 SECURITY ISSUES IN THE CONNECTIVITY VIEWPOINT. 6-13

7 COMMUNICATIONS VIEWPOINT. 7-1

7.1 OVERVIEW . 7-1
7.2 CONCEPTS. 7-1
7.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATIONS OBJECTS. 7-2
7.4 PROTOCOL ENTITIES. 7-5
7.5 EXAMPLES OF SPACE DATA SYSTEMS DESCRIBED WITH
COMMUNICATIONS VIEWPOINT . 7-6
7.6 PROTOCOL REPRESENTATIONS IN THE COMMUNICATIONS
VIEWPOINT . 7-7
7.7 SECURITY ISSUES IN THE COMMUNICATIONS VIEWPOINT . 7-8

8 INFORMATION VIEWPOINT. 8-1

8.1 OVERVIEW . 8-1
8.2 CONCEPTS. 8-1
8.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF INFORMATION OBJECTS . 8-2
CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page vii September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
CONTENTS (continued)
Section Page
8.4 INFORMATION OBJECT VIEWS . 8-4
8.5 EXAMPLE OF SPACE DATA SYSTEM FUNCTIONS WITH
INFORMATION VIEWPOINT . 8-5

9 DERIVING OTHER VIEWS FROM THE BASIC VIEWPOINTS . 9-1

9.1 GENERAL. 9-1
9.2 CROSS SUPPORT SERVICE VIEWS. 9-1
9.3 LAYERED VIEW EXAMPLE. 9-3
9.4 EXAMPLE MAPPING FUNCTIONAL TO CONNECTIVITY VIEW. 9-5

ANNEX A NOTES ON USE OF RASDS . A-1
ANNEX B FORMAL METHODS AND TOOLS.B-1
ANNEX C RASDS AND DODAF COMPARISON. C-1
ANNEX D GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS . D-1

Figure
2-1 Simple Example of Enterprise View . 2-5
2-2 Simple Example of a Functional View. 2-6
2-3 Simple Connectivity View Example. 2-7
2-4 Example Connectivity View Showing Implemented Functions. 2-8
2-5 Simple Example of Communications View. 2-10
2-6 Communications View with Protocol Entities and Engineering Objects. 2-11
2-7 Example of Information View Showing Basic Object Model. 2-12
2-8 RASDS Top Level Object Relationships . 2-13
3-1 Icons Used in This Document. 3-6
3-2 Representation of Objects. 3-7
4-1 Attributes of Enterprise Objects . 4-4
4-2 Example of an Enterprise View (Mission A) . 4-6
4-3 Example of Multi-Agency Enterprise View (Mission Q). 4-7
5-1 Functional Object Interfaces. 5-4
5-2 Example of Functional View (Functional Objects and Interactions) . 5-6
5-3 Example of Information Flows between Objects . 5-7
5-4 Representative Functional Objects and Information Management
Infrastructure Elements. 5-8
6-1 Attributes of Nodes. 6-2
6-2 Example of Connectivity View (Nodes for Mission A) . 6-8
6-3 Example of Connectivity View (Nodes for Mission Q) . 6-9
6-4 Example of Connectivity View (Node Decomposition). 6-10
CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page viii September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
CONTENTS (continued)
Figure Page
6-5 Example of Connectivity View with Allocated Engineering Objects. 6-11
6-6(a) Functional View of Image Compression . 6-12
6-6(b) Connectivity View of Software Compression Approach. 6-12
6-6(c) Connectivity View of Hardware-Only Compression Approach. 6-12
7-1 Attributes of Protocol Entities . 7-2
7-2 Example of Communications View Showing Protocol Stack and Nodes . 7-6
7-3 PDU Example, Space Packet Protocol . 7-7
7-4 Example State Machine Diagram—SLE RCF. 7-8
8-1 Attributes of Information Objects. 8-2
8-2 Information Object Representations . 8-4
8-3 Example of Functional View with Representation of Information Objects . 8-6
9-1(a) Enterprise View of a Cross Support Service . 9-1
9-1(b) Connectivity View of a Cross Support Service . 9-2
9-1(c) Communications View of a Cross Support Service. 9-3
9-2 Simple Example of Layered View. 9-4
9-3 Example of Functional View of Framing and Coding. 9-5
9-4 Example of Trade Study Mapping Functional to Connectivity View . 9-6
B-1 SysML Diagram Types (SysML Partners) .B-3
C-1 DoDAF Elements and Relationships (Partial).C-6
C-2 DoDAF and RASDS.C-8

Table
4-1 Example Enterprise Objects . 4-3
5-1 Example Functional Objects. 5-3
5-2 Typical Infrastructure Objects . 5-4
6-1 Typical Nodes. 6-6
6-2 Typical Links . 6-8
7-1 Typical Protocol Entities . 7-5
C-1 DoDAF Views and Products and RASDS Viewpoints .C-3


CCSDS 311.0-M-1 Page ix September 2008
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
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ISO 13537:2010(E)
CCSDS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE—REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE DATA SYSTEMS
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE
This document presents a Reference Architecture for Space Data Systems (RASDS). The
RASDS is intended to provide a standardized approach for description of data system
architectures and high-level designs, which individual CCSDS working groups may use
within CCSDS. This approach is aligned with current practices in the fields of system and
software architecture and is specifically adapted for the space domain. While it is intended
for use within CCSDS, it is also suitable for use by mission and project design teams to
describe system architectures and designs within the space domain. It does not propose any
specific formal modeling method or tool, but can be adapted to use methods like UML or
SysML.
1.2 PURPOSE
Within CCSDS the RASDS will be used for the following purposes:
a) to establish an overall CCSDS recommended methodology for defining and
developing domain-specific architectures;
b) to define a common language, taxonomy, and representation so that challenges,
requirements, and solutions in the area of space data systems can be readily
communicated;
c) to provide a kit of architect’s tools that domain experts may use to describe different
specific complex space system architectures;
d) to facilitate development of CCSDS Recommended Standards in a consistent way so
that any standard can be used with other appropriate standards in a space data system;
e) to provide a framework and guidelines for presenting the Recommended Standards
developed by CCSDS in a systematic way so that their functionality, applicability,
interrelationships, and interoperability may be clearly underst
...