ISO/TR 17671-2:2002

Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels

IS/TR 17671-2 gives guidance for manual, semi-mechanized, mechanized and automatic arc welding of ferritic steels, excluding ferritic stainless steels, in all product forms. Details concerning the possible detrimental phenomena which can occur are given with advice on methods by which they can be avoided. This part of ISO/TR 17671 is generally applicable to all ferritic steels and is appropriate regardless of the type of fabrication involved, although the application standard can have additional requirements.

Soudage — Recommandations pour le soudage des matériaux métalliques — Partie 2: Soudage à l'arc des aciers ferritiques

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jan-2002
• ICS: 25.160.10 - Welding processes
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 44/SC 10 - Quality management in the field of welding
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 44/SC 10 - Quality management in the field of welding
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 25-May-2022
• Completion Date: 19-Apr-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 17671-2
First edition
2002-02-01
Welding — Recommendations for welding
of metallic materials —
Part 2:
Arc welding of ferritic steels
Soudage — Recommandations pour le soudage des matériaux
métalliques —
Partie 2: Soudage à l'arc des aciers ferritiques

Reference number
©
ISO 2002
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©  ISO 2002
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ii © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 References .1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .2
5 Parent metal .3
6 Weldability factors.3
7 Handling of welding consumables .3
8 Weld details.4
9 Welds in holes or slots.4
10 Preparation of joint face.4
11 Alignment of butt welds before welding .5
12 Preheating .5
13 Tack welds.5
14 Temporary attachments.6
15 Heat input .6
16 Welding procedure specification .6
17 Identification .6
18 Inspection and testing.6
19 Correction of non-conforming welds .7
20 Correction of distortion.7
21 Post-weld heat treatment.7
Annex A Avoidance of hydrogen cracking (also known as cold cracking).8
Annex B Guidance on joint detail design (when there is no application standard) .32
Annex C Possible detrimental phenomena resulting from welding of steels, not covered by other
annexes .34
Annex D Heat affected zone toughness and hardness .35
Annex E Avoidance of solidification cracking.42
Annex F Avoidance of lamellar tearing .44
Bibliography.50

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is
normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority
vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature
and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO/TR 17671 may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 17671-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee
SC 10, Unification of requirements in the field of metal welding.
ISO/TR 17671 consists of the following parts, under the general title Welding — Recommendations for welding of
metallic materials:
 Part 1: General guidance for arc welding
 Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels
 Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels
 Part 4: Arc welding of aluminium and aluminium alloys
iv © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This part of ISO/TR 17671 supplements part 1. It is issued with several annexes in order that it can be extended to
cover the different types of steel which are produced to all the International steel standards for ferritic steels (see
clause 5).
This part of ISO/TR 17671 gives general guidance for the satisfactory production and control of welds in ferritic
steels. Details concerning the possible detrimental phenomena which can occur are given with advice on methods
by which they can be avoided. This part of ISO/TR 17671 is generally applicable to all ferritic steels and is
appropriate regardless of the type of fabrication involved, although the application standard can have additional
requirements.
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17671-2:2002(E)

Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials —
Part 2:
Arc welding of ferritic steels
1 Scope
This part of IS/TR 17671 gives guidance for manual, semi-mechanized, mechanized and automatic arc welding of
ferritic steels (see clause 5), excluding ferritic stainless steels, in all product forms.
2 References
ISO 9692-1, Welding and allied processes — Recommendations for joint preparation — Part 1: Manual metal-arc
welding, gas-shielded metal-arc welding and gas welding of steels
ISO 9956-2, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 2: Welding procedure
specification for arc welding
ISO 13916, Welding — Guidance on the measurement of preheating temperature, interpass temperature and
preheat maintenance temperature
ISO/TR 15608:2000, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system
ISO/TR 17671-1:—, Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 1: General guidance for
arc welding
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO/TR 17671, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 17671-1 and the following
apply.
3.1
cooling time
t
8/5
time taken, during cooling, for a weld run and its heat affected zone to pass through the temperature range from
800 °C to 500 °C
3.2
run out length
length of a run produced by the melting of a covered electrode
3.3
run out ratio
R
r
ratio of the run out length to the length of electrode consumed
3.4
shape factor
F
x
influence of the form of a weld on the cooling time, t
8/5
NOTE In the case of two-dimensional heat flow it is called F and in the case of three-dimensional heat flow it is called F .
2 3
3.5
three-dimensional heat flow
heat introduced during welding, which flows parallel and perpendicular to the plate surface
3.6
transition thickness
d
t
plate thickness at which the transition from three-dimensional to two-dimensional heat flow takes place
3.7
two-dimensional heat flow
heat introduced during welding, which flows only parallel to the plate surface
3.8
preheat maintenance temperature
T
m
minimum temperature in the weld zone, which should be maintained if welding is interrupted
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
See Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols of the terms used
Symbol Term Unit
.
c Specific heat capacity
J/kg K
d Thickness of plate mm
d
Transition thickness mm
t
D Diameter mm
F
Shape factor for two-dimensional heat flow 1
F
Shape factor for three-dimensional heat flow 1
Q Heat input kJ/mm
R
Run out ratio 1
r
t
Cooling time (from 800 °C to 500 °C) s
8/5
t Melting time of an electrode s
T
Interpass temperature °C
i
T
Preheat maintenance temperature °C
m
T
Initial plate temperature °C
o
T
Preheat temperature °C
p
T
Impact transition temperature °C
t
. .
λ Thermal conductivity
J/cm K s
ρ Density kg/m
2 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

4.2 Abbreviations
CE Carbon equivalent (see A.2.1), expressed as a percentage
CET Carbon equivalent (see A.3.2), expressed as a percentage
HAZ Heat affected zone
HD Diffusable hydrogen content in millilitres per 100 g of deposited weld metal
UCS Unit of crack susceptibility
5 Parent metal
This part of ISO/TR applies to ferritic steels excluding ferritic stainless steels. This includes steels referenced in
groups 1 to 7 of ISO/TR 15608:2000. When ordering steel it may be necessary to specify requirements concerning
weldability, which can involve specifying additional requirements to those given in the relevant steel standard.
6 Weldability factors
The properties and the quality of welds are particularly influenced by the welding conditions. Thus, the following
factors should be taken into consideration:
 joint design;
 hydrogen-induced cracking;
 toughness and hardness of the heat affected zone (HAZ);
 solidification cracking;
 lamellar tearing;
 corrosion.
The mechanical and technological properties, in particular the hardness and toughness of the heat affected zone in
a narrowly delineated area, can be influenced to a greater or lesser degree, compared with the properties of the
parent metal and depend on the welding conditions. Experience and tests indicate that, not only the properties of
the narrow affected zone of lower strength and better flexibility, but also the load distribution effect of the tougher
adjacent zones should be taken into account when assessing the ductility and safety against fracture of welded
joints as this could affect the choice of steel.
7 Handling of welding consumables
When special protection or other treatment during storage or immediately pri
...