ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd 1:2007

Information technology — MPEG systems technologies — Part 1: Binary MPEG format for XML — Amendment 1: Conformance and reference software

Technologies de l'information — Technologies des systèmes MPEG — Partie 1: Format binaire de MPEG pour XML — Amendement 1: Conformité et logiciel de référence

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2007
• ICS: 35.040 - Information coding
• ICS: 35.040.40 - Coding of audio, video, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 15-Nov-2007
• Due Date: 22-Jan-2009
• Completion Date: 22-Jan-2009

Relations

• Amends: ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006 - Information technology — MPEG systems technologies — Part 1: Binary MPEG format for XML
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Child: ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006 - Information technology — MPEG systems technologies — Part 1: Binary MPEG format for XML
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Overview

ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd 1:2007 is an important amendment to the international standard focusing on Information Technology – MPEG Systems Technologies – Part 1: Binary MPEG Format for XML (BiM). This amendment introduces conformance testing and provides reference software for the BiM encoding and decoding processes. Developed jointly by ISO and IEC, this standard enhances how XML documents are efficiently binary encoded and decoded, supporting advanced multimedia and information systems technologies.

The core aim of this amendment is to ensure consistent and interoperable implementations of the Binary MPEG format for XML by defining testing criteria and supplying a comprehensive set of reference software tools.

Key Topics

• Conformance Testing:

  • Defines rigorous conditions for validating BiM Encoders and Decoders, focusing on the correctness of binary syntax and schema validation after decoding.
  • Encoder conformance involves producing valid binary documents, while Decoder conformance requires output equivalence to a reference decoder.
  • Conditions include syntax correctness and schema-based validation of decoded documents after each access unit and fragment update unit (FUU).

• Binary MPEG Format for XML (BiM):

  • A compact binary representation of XML documents designed to optimize bandwidth and storage in multimedia applications.
  • Supports incremental document updates with FU commands: add, update, delete, and reset.

• Reference Software:

  • Offers source code, libraries, GUI, and command-line tools to encode and decode XML into BiM binary format.
  • Includes utilities for XML schema parsing, schema-based validation, and error handling for complex XML structures.
  • Facilitates experimentation and validation for developers and implementers with example MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 schemas.

• Schema Validation and Parsing:

  • Emphasizes schema-aware encoding that leverages XML Schema definitions to optimize compression.
  • Supports a broad variety of data models and XML types (SEQ, CHOICE, ALL content models).

• Detailed Technical Specifications:

  • Covers binary access unit formats, decoder initialization, fragment update commands, context addressing, and payload encoding techniques.
  • Illustrates conformance principles via diagrams demonstrating bitstream validation and decoder output comparison.

Applications

• Multimedia Content Distribution:
  The BiM format allows efficient XML document transmission in bandwidth-constrained networks, essential for MPEG streaming and broadcasting systems.

• Digital Media Metadata Processing:
  Suitable for handling complex XML metadata in MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 standards, enabling faster processing and reduced storage footprint.

• Incremental XML Document Updates:
  Facilitates real-time XML content updates over networked environments through Fragment Update Units and streaming binary document fragments.

• Development and Testing of MPEG Systems:
  The reference software and conformance tests assist developers and system integrators in implementing compliant MPEG XML binary encoders and decoders.

• Embedded Systems and IoT Devices:
  Efficient binary encoding of XML documents can reduce computational load and memory usage in resource-constrained devices.

Related Standards

• ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006 – MPEG Systems Technologies, Part 1:
  The base standard detailing the core Binary MPEG format for XML without amendments.

• ISO/IEC 14496 (MPEG-4):
  A broader multimedia compression and delivery framework where BiM may be applied for metadata and auxiliary information.

• ISO/IEC 15938 (MPEG-7):
  Multimedia content description interface utilizing XML schemas commonly encoded in BiM format.

• ISO/IEC 21000 (MPEG-21):
  Multimedia framework standard supporting interoperable digital item declaration and delivery, leveraging XML structures.

• XML Standards (W3C):
  XML Schema and related standards form the foundational syntax and data modeling specifications supported by BiM encoding.

Conclusion

The ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd 1:2007 amendment delivers critical conformance criteria and comprehensive reference software ensuring reliable, interoperable implementations of the Binary MPEG format for XML. Its schema-aware binary encoding and decoding technology is pivotal for optimizing multimedia metadata handling, incremental XML updates, and efficient data transmission in diverse information technology applications.

By adopting this standard, organizations can enhance compatibility, improve system robustness, and reduce overhead in XML-based data exchange within MPEG systems and related multimedia domains.

Keywords: ISO/IEC 23001-1 amendment, Binary MPEG format for XML, BiM standard, MPEG systems technology, conformance testing, binary XML encoding, reference software, MPEG-7, MPEG-21, XML Schema validation, multimedia metadata compression.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 23001-1
First edition
2006-04-01
AMENDMENT 1
2007-12-01
Information technology — MPEG systems
technologies —
Part 1:
Binary MPEG format for XML
AMENDMENT 1: Conformance and
reference software
Technologies de l'information — Technologies des systèmes MPEG —
Partie 1: Format binaire de MPEG pour XML
AMENDEMENT 1: Conformité et logiciel de référence

Reference number
ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2007
ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)

PDF disclaimer
PDF files may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, such files may be printed or viewed but shall
not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading a PDF file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create the PDF file(s) constituting this document can be found in the General Info relative to
the file(s); the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the files are suitable for
use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to them is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the
address given below.
This CD-ROM contains:
1) the publication ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007 in portable document format (PDF), which can be
viewed using Adobe® Acrobat® Reader;
2) the BiM reference software.
Adobe and Acrobat are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

©  ISO/IEC 2007
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this CD-ROM may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in
any form or by any means without prior permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this product should be addressed to
ISO copyright of
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 23001-1
First edition
2006-04-01
AMENDMENT 1
2007-12-01
Information technology — MPEG systems
technologies —
Part 1:
Binary MPEG format for XML
AMENDMENT 1: Conformance and
reference software
Technologies de l'information — Technologies des systèmes MPEG —
Partie 1: Format binaire de MPEG pour XML
AMENDEMENT 1: Conformité et logiciel de référence

Reference number
ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2007
ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO/IEC 2007
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia
information.
© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)

Information technology — MPEG systems technologies —
Part 1:
Binary MPEG format for XML
AMENDMENT 1: Conformance and reference software
Page 124
Add the following clauses after Clause 8:
9 Conformance
9.1 Encoder
The BiM Encoder consumes a textual XML document and produces a document in binary access unit form.
Conformance testing of the BiM Encoder is not provided.
9.2 Bitstream in Access Unit Form
The binary bitstream in access unit form (together with its associated binary DecoderInit) is fed to the
reference systems decoders. The decoded information is used to reconstruct a document after each access
unit. Each resulting document is tested for validity against the schema declared in the associated DecoderInit.
The following conditions must be fulfilled as a necessary condition for each binary bitstream in access unit
form:
1) The syntax of each binary access unit as well as the syntax of the binary DecoderInit must be correct
wrt. the BiM syntax as defined in Clauses 6, 7 and 9 of ISO/IEC 23001-1.
2) Decoding the document fragment conveyed in the InitialDocument together with the document
fragment conveyed in the first access unit must result in a document that is valid against the schema
declared in the DecoderInit.
3) After each access unit the decoded document must be valid against the schema declared in the
DecoderInit.
4) In any FUU, when the FU command is “add” then the FU context must not point to an instantiated
node in the current document tree.
5) In any FUU, when the FU command is “update” or “delete” then the FU context must point to an
instantiated node in the current document tree.
© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)

Binary
document stream
Reference BiM
Decoded document
Decoder
Binary
decoder init
Validation
Schema
Figure 44 — Conformance testing of Bitstream in Access Unit Form

9.3 Decoder
9.3.1 Overview
The BiM Decoder consumes a document in binary access unit form and produces a textual XML document.
Conformance testing of the Decoder involves checking whether the output of the Decoder is equivalent to that
produced by a reference Decoder, as shown in Figure 45. The Test Decoder is said to be compliant if it
produces a textual XML document output that is equivalent to that produced by a Reference Decoder.

Reference
BiM
Decoded
Decoder
Document
Document stream
Compare
(access units in binary
form)
Test
Decoded
BiM
Document
Decoder
Figure 45 — Conformance testing of BiM Decoder

9.3.2 Definition of Reference Binary Access Unit Form Documents
The reference access unit documents are designed to test the following features:
⎯ DecoderInit: Single and multiple SchemaReferences with and without locationHint
⎯ DecoderInit with and without InitialDocument
⎯ Access Units with single and multiple FUUs
2 © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 23001-1:2006/Amd.1:2007(E)
⎯ FU commands: addContent, updateContent, deleteContent, reset
⎯ FU context: relative and absolute context path in combination with the FU commands above
⎯ FU context: multiple payload mode
⎯ FU context: addressing elements and attributes
⎯ FU context: using “User Data Extension Code”
⎯ FU context: use schemas including a variety of type definitions including SEQ, CHOICE, ALL content
models (also in hierarchical definitions of SEQ and CHOICE) as well as simple content in a complex type
...