ISO 24245:2023
(Main)Space systems — Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver class codes
Space systems — Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver class codes
This document specifies class codes to classify global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The class codes represent how signals transmitted from radionavigation satellites are processed. This document applies to all types of GNSS receiver devices. The class codes in this document are not applicable to the following items: — condition of radionavigation satellites; — radio propagation environment including multipath, masking and obstacle; — additional antenna of a receiver device; — additional application software in a receiver device.
Systèmes spatiaux — Codification des récepteurs de systèmes mondiaux de satellites de navigation (GNSS)
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24245
First edition
2023-06
Space systems — Global navigation
satellite system (GNSS) receiver class
codes
Systèmes spatiaux — Codification des récepteurs de systèmes
mondiaux de satellites de navigation (GNSS)
Reference number
ISO 24245:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 24245:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 24245:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Code system . 4
5.1 Positioning . 4
5.1.1 General . 4
5.1.2 C10, C10a. 5
5.1.3 C11, C11a . 5
5.1.4 C16, C16a . 5
5.1.5 C20, C20a . 5
5.1.6 C25, C25a . 6
5.1.7 C26, C26a . 6
5.1.8 P06, P06a . 6
5.1.9 P11, P11a . 6
5.1.10 P16, P16a . 6
5.1.11 P21, P21a . 7
5.1.12 P26, P26a . 7
5.2 Timing . 7
5.2.1 General . 7
5.2.2 T1 . 7
5.2.3 T2 . 7
5.3 Messaging . 7
5.3.1 General . 7
5.3.2 M1 . 8
5.3.3 M2 . 8
6 Conditions to classify receivers .8
7 Multiple labelling . 8
Annex A (informative) Examples of GNSS application . 9
Bibliography .15
iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 24245:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 24245:2023(E)
Introduction
This document is a specification of downstream space-based services. Space systems provide a huge
merit for the society and economy in each country today; and downstream space-based services
contribute to people’s quality of life across the world. Space systems should be utilized furthermore
in the industry worldwide in the future. Space systems are utilized in other areas as well. Therefore,
this document has harmonized the content in areas relevant to the global navigation satellite system
(GNSS) as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Standardization of space-based services (GNSS-relevant areas)
st
In the initial decades of the 21 century, several countries have provided their constellations of GNSS,
and it has been utilized as an international public service. GNSS technology has progressed and become
more complicated, for example, to handle multiple frequencies from multiple constellations, and to
provide services such as carrier-phase measurement, precise point positioning, and so on.
As a result, for users who want to try new GNSS technology, there are too many GNSS receivers to
choose from to find the product matching their needs.
In order to solve this problem, a set of GNSS receiver class codes has been developed. It was released into
the market as a trial program and has received high evaluation from GNSS stakeholders in commercial
and governmental scenes in a certain region. It is recognized to be contributable to the promotion of
GNSS utilization.
The set of GNSS receiver class codes facilitates easier choice for users and sales expansion for sellers; it
also provides the direction of development and business strategies for manufactures and the framework
of policy making for governments and public sectors.
This document aims to promote the utilization of GNSS receiver class codes in the international market
for stakeholders of space-based positioning, navigation and timing services around the world.
The GNSS environment has been drastically improved and more widely used in recent years with the
development GNSS space system infrastructure by several countries.
Against this background, GNSS receivers become diverse and accept multi-constellation. One receiver
also equips various functions. There are receivers for specified regions and timing-dedicated receivers.
This document symbolizes “receiver class” to “codes” from the point of view of positioning, timing, and
messaging functions. Regarding these functions, positioning is for determining the position, timing
is for determining the time or time interval or both, and messaging is for transmitting or receiving
message or both.
v
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ISO 24245:2023(E)
By using this document, it is expected that end users can understand the types of GNSS signal their
devices receive from navigation satellites. On the other hand, receiver providers can easily present their
products’ features which depend on the signals of the receiver. Figure 2 represents the above effects.
Figure 2 — GNSS receiver class codes for an efficient market
Some GNSS receivers are equipped with the following functions: detection of attitude, mobile
communication using Wi-Fi, etc. This document does not treat these functions.
vi
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24245:2023(E)
Space systems — Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
receiver class codes
1 Scope
This document specifies class codes to classify global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The
class codes represent how signals transmitted from radionavigation satellites are processed.
This document applies to all types of GNSS receiver devices.
The class codes in this document are not applicable to the following items:
— condition of radionavigation satellites;
— radio propagation environment including multipath, masking and obstacle;
— additional antenna of a receiver device;
— additional application software in a receiver device.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
receiver
device (3.2) with associated antenna or including an antenna, used to select the desired radio-frequency
signals from the incident radio-frequency radiation, to amplify them, demodulate them and if necessary,
convert the recovered signals into a directly usable form
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-713:1998, 713-10-02, Modified — “such as sounds or pictures” has been deleted at
the end of the definition.]
3.2
device
material element or assembly of such elements intended to perform a required function
Note 1 to entry: A device may form part of a larger device.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-11-20]
3.3
GNSS receiver
receiver (3.1) to determine the user position, velocity, and/or precise time by processing the signals
broadcasted by radionavigation (3.6) satellites
1
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ISO 24245:2023(E)
3.4
radiodetermination
determination of the position, velocity and/or other characteristics of an object, of the obtaining of
information relating to these characteristics, by means of radio waves
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-48]
3.5
satellite radiodetermination
radiodetermination (3.4) which makes use of a satellite system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-49]
3.6
radionavigation
radiodetermination (3.4) used for the purpose of navigation, including obstruction warning
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-50]
3.7
satellite radionavigation
satellite radiodetermination (3.5) used for radionavigation (3.6)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-51]
3.8
code-based positioning
positioning based on code-phase measurement without integer ambiguity resolution
Note 1 to entry: A code-based positioning receiver (3.1) may be equipped with the carrier-smoothing function.
3.9
phase-range
range measured by using carrier-phase with integer ambiguity resolution
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.
3.10
state space
space defined by the state variables as axes of a vector space, in which every vector represents a state
of the system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-351:2013, 351-41-09]
3.11
observation space
space defined by the observation variables as axes of a vector space, in which every vector represents a
observation variable of the system
3.12
SSR
state space representation
representation of a valuable in a state space (3.10)
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.13.
Note 2 to entry: SSR is a mathematically orthogonal representation of parameters.
2
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ISO 24245:2023(E)
3.13
OSR
observation space representation
representation of a valuable in an observation space (3.11)
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.13.
3.14
GNSS authentication
function to authenticate the signal from GNSS
4 Abbreviated terms
3GPP third generation partnership project (mobile communication)
BDS BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (China)
BIM building information modelling
CIM construction information modelling
CORS continuously operating reference station
DFMC dual frequency and multi constellation
DGNSS differential GNSS
GLONASS NAvigation Satellite System (Russian Federation)
GNSS global navigation satellite system
GPS Global Positioning System (U.S.A.)
ICD interface control document
ICG International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (UN)
IMU inertial measurement unit
LEO low Earth orbit
LiDAR light detection and ranging or laser imaging detection and ranging
LBS location-based service
PPP precise point positioning
QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (Japan)
RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services
RTK real-time kinematic GNSS positioning
SBAS satellite based augmentation system
SSV space service volume
TTFF time to first fix
UAS unmanned aircraft system
3
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ISO 24245:2023(E)
5 Code system
5.1 Positioning
5.1.1 General
The GNSS receiver class codes shall be specified as shown as Table 1. These codes are used not only
satellite positioning, but also in satellite radionavigation.
Table 1 — Codes on positioning
Function Ranging Augmentation or correction
C10 No augmentation
C11 DGNSS OSR correction
Single frequency
C1
ranging
SSR correction without
C16
Code-based
fixed phase-range
C
C20 No augmentation
positioning
C25 DFMC SBAS
Dual or multiple
C2
frequency ranging
SSR correction without
C26
fixed phase-range
Input: SSR correction
P0 No ranging P06
Output: OSR correction
Phase-range
P11 OSR correction
Single frequency
P P1
ranging
positioning P16 SSR correction
P21 OSR correction
Dual or multiple
P2
frequency ranging
P26 SSR correction
Continuation of C10a C10 with authentication
Table 1
Continuation of C1 C11a C11 with authentication
C16a C16 with authentication
C20a C20 with authentication
Continuation of C1 C25a C25 with authentication
C26a C26 with authentication
Continuation of P0 P06a P06 with authentication
P11a P11 with authentication
Continuation of P1
P16a P16 with authentication
P21a P21 with authentication
Continuation of P2
P26a P26 with authentication
Corrections have two types: OSR and SSR. SSR covers wider area than OSR. Further, these services shall
provide integrity information.
OSR is a representation of correction in observation form such as pseudorange. It is represented as a
factor in observation space, which is a mathematical vector space.
On the other hand, SSR is another representation of correction as error factors, such as satellite clock
and orbit errors, signal bias, ionospheric error, which is a state in a state space, a mathematical vector
space.
4
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO 24245:2023(E)
In this document, t
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 24245
ISO/TC 20/SC 14 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-07-04 2022-09-26
Space systems — Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
receiver class codes
ICS: 49.140
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 24245
ISO/TC 20/SC 14 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-07-04 2022-09-26
Space systems — Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
receiver class codes
ICS: 49.140
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
© ISO 2022
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
ISO copyright office
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Website: www.iso.org ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
Published in Switzerland
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
ii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Code system . 4
5.1 Positioning . 4
5.1.1 C10, C10a. 5
5.1.2 C11, C11a . 5
5.1.3 C16, C16a . 5
5.1.4 C20, C20a . 5
5.1.5 C25, C25a . 6
5.1.6 C26, C26a . 6
5.1.7 P06, P06a . 6
5.1.8 P11, P11a . 6
5.1.9 P16, P16a . 7
5.1.10 P21, P21a . 7
5.1.11 P26, P26a . 7
5.2 Timing . 7
5.2.1 T1 . 7
5.2.2 T2 . 7
5.3 Messaging . 8
5.3.1 M1 . 8
5.3.2 M2 . 8
6 Conditions to classify receivers .8
7 Multiple labeling . 8
Annex A (informative) Examples of GNSS Application . 9
Bibliography .15
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents)
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html
iv
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
Introduction
This document is a specification of space-based services. Space systems provide a huge merit for the
society and economy in each country today; and space-based services contribute to people’s quality
of life across the world. Space systems should be utilized furthermore in the industry worldwide in
the future. Space systems are utilized in the application of other areas. Therefore, this document has
harmonized the content in the GNSS (global navigation satellite system) relevant area as shown in
Figure 1
Figure 1 — Standardization of space-based services (GNSS relevant area)
In the initial decades of the 21st century, several countries have provided their constellations of Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and it has been utilized as an international public service. GNSS
technology has progressed and become complicated such as multi-frequency, multi-constellation,
carrier-phase measurement, precise point positioning, and so on.
As a result, a chorus of users who want to try new GNSS technology is that GNSS receivers are too
diverse to choose product matching their own needs.
To solve this problem, “GNSS receiver class codes” has been developed. It was applied into the actual
market as a trial program, and has received high evaluation from GNSS stakeholders in commercial and
governmental scenes in a certain region. It is recognized to be contributable to the promotion of GNSS
utilization.
“GNSS receiver class codes” provides easier choice for users, sales expansion for sellers, the direction
of development and business strategies for manufactures, and the framework of policy making for
governments and public sectors.
This document is intended to utilize “GNSS receiver class codes” in the international market, in order to
promote the GNSS utilization for world stakeholders of space-based positioning, navigation and timing
services.
The GNSS environment has been drastically improved, and its usages are increasing in recent years by
the development of several countries of GNSS space system infrastructure.
In this background, GNSS receivers become diverse and accept multi-constellation. Only one receiver
equips various functions. There are receivers for specified region and timing-dedicated receivers.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
This document symbolizes “receiver class” to “codes” from the point of view of positioning, timing, and
messaging functions. Regarding functions, positioning is determining position, timing is determining
time or time interval or both, and messaging is transmitting or receiving message or both.
Through use of this document, it is expected that end-users can understand GNSS signal types which
their devices receive from navigation satellites. On the other hand, receiver providers can easily present
their products on signals of receiver.
Figure 2 — GNSS receiver class codes for an efficient market
Some GNSS receivers equip the following functions: detection of attitude, mobile communication using
Wi-Fi, etc. This document does not treat these functions.
vi
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
Space systems — Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
receiver class codes
1 Scope
This document specifies class codes to classify GNSS receivers. The class codes represent how are
processed signals transmitted from radionavigation satellites.
This document applies all types of GNSS receiver devices.
The class codes in this document are not specific to the following items
— condition of radionavigation satellites
— radio propagation environment including multipath, masking and obstacle
— additional antenna of a receiver device
— additional application software in a receiver device
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 18197:2015, Space systems — Space based services requirements for centimetre class positioning
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
receiver
device (3.2) with associated antenna or including an antenna, used to select the desired radio-frequency
signals from the incident radio-frequency radiation, to amplify them, demodulate them and if necessary,
convert the recovered signals into a directly usable form
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 713-03-44, Modified – delete “such as sounds or pictures”]
3.2
device
material element or assembly of such elements intended to perform a required function
Note 1 to entry: A device may form part of a larger device.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 11-11-22]
1
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ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
3.3
GNSS receiver
receiver to determine the user position, velocity, and/or precise time by processing the signals
broadcasted by radionavigation satellites.
3.4
radiodetermination
determination of the position, velocity and/or other characteristics of an object, of the obtaining of
information relating to these characteristics, by means of radio waves
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-48]
3.5
satellite radiodetermination
radiodetermination (3.4) which makes use of a satellite system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-49]
3.6
radionavigation
radiodetermination (3.4) used for the purpose of navigation, including obstruction warning
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-50]
3.7
satellite radionavigation
satellite radiodetermination (3.5) used for radionavigation (3.6)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 725-12-51’]
3.8
code-based positioning
positioning based on code-phase measurement without integer ambiguity resolution
Note 1 to entry: A code-based positioning receiver may equip carrier-smoothing function.
3.9
phase-range
range measured by using carrier-phase with integer ambiguity resolution
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.
3.10
state space
space defined by the state variables as axes of a vector space, in which every vector represents a state
of the system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-725:1994, 351-41-09]
3.11
observation space
space defined by the observation variables as axes of a vector space, in which every vector represents a
observation variable of the system
3.12
state space representation
SSR
representation of a valuable in a state space (3.10)
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.13.
Note 2 to entry: SSR is mathematically orthogonal representation of parameters.
2
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---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
3.13
observation space representation
OSR
representation of a valuable in an observation space (3.11)
Note 1 to entry: See RTCM standard 10403.3, 3.5.13.
3.14
GNSS authentication
function to authenticate the signal from GNSS
4 Abbreviated terms
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project (mobile communication)
BDS BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (China)
BIM Building Information Modeling
CIM Construction Information Modeling
CORS Continuously Operating Reference Station
DFMC Dual Frequency and Multi Constellation
DGNSS Differential GNSS
GLONASS NAvigation Satellite System (Russian Federation)
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS Global Positioning System (U.S.A.)
ICD Interface Control Document
ICG International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (UN)
IMU Inertial Measurement Unit
LEO Low Earth Orbit
LiDAR Light Detection And Ranging or Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging
LBS Location Based Service
NavIC Navigation with Indian Constellation (India)
NMEA National Marine Electronics Association (U.S.A.)
OSR Observation Space Representation
PPP Precise Point Positioning
QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (Japan)
RTCA Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics
RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services
RTK Real-Time Kinematic GNSS positioning
3
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---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 24245:2022(E)
SBAS Satellite Based Augmentation System
SSV Space Service Volume
TTFF Time To First Fix
UAS Unmanned Aircraft System
5 Code system
5.1 Positioning
The GNSS receiver class codes shall be specified as shown as Table 1.
Table 1 — Codes on positioning
Function Ranging Augmentation or correction
C10 No augmentation
C11 DGNSS OSR correction
Single frequency
C1
ranging
SSR correction without
C16
Code-based
fixed phase-range
C
C20 No augmentation
positioning
C25 DFMC SBAS
Dual or multiple
C2
frequency ranging
SSR correction without
C26
fixed phase-range
Input: SSR correction
P0 No ranging P06
Output: OSR
...
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