ISO 14004:2004
(Main)Environmental management systems — General guidelines on principles, systems and support techniques
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on principles, systems and support techniques
ISO 14004:2004 provides guidance on the establishment, implementation, maintenance and improvement of an environmental management system and its coordination with other management systems. The guidelines in ISO 14004:2004 are applicable to any organization, regardless of its size, type, location or level of maturity. While the guidelines in ISO 14004:2004 are consistent with the ISO 14001:2004 environmental management system model, they are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001:2004.
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de mise en oeuvre
L'ISO 14004:2004 donne des lignes directrices concernant l'établissement, la mise en oeuvre, la mise à jour et l'amélioration d'un système de management environnemental, en indiquant comment le coordonner aux autres systèmes de management existants. Ces lignes directrices sont applicables à tout organisme, indépendamment de sa taille, de sa localisation, de sa nature ou de son niveau de maturité. Les lignes directrices de l'ISO 14004:2004 sont cohérentes avec le modèle de systèmes de management environnemental de l'ISO 14001: 2004, mais n'ont pas pour objet de fournir une interprétation des exigences de l'ISO 14001:2004.
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МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ISO
СТАНДАРТ 14004
Второе издание
2004-12-15
Системы экологического менеджмента.
Общее руководство по принципам,
системам и методам обеспечения
функционирования
Environmental management systems - General guidelines on principles,
systems and support techniques
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(Российская Федерация) в соответствии со статьѐй 18.1 Устава ISO
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
©
ISO 2004
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
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Содержание Страница
1 Область применения .1
2 Нормативные ссылки .1
3 Термины и определения .1
4 Элементы системы экологического менеджмента .5
4.1 Общие положения .5
4.2 Экологическая политика .9
4.3 Планирование . 11
4.4 Внедрение и функционирование. 22
4.5 Контроль . 33
4.6 Анализ со стороны руководства . 37
Приложение А (информативное) Примеры взаимосвязи между элементами системы
экологического менеджмента . 40
Библиография . 45
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
Предисловие
Международная организация по стандартизации (ISO) является всемирной федерацией национальных
организаций по стандартизации (комитетов-членов ISO). Разработка международных стандартов
обычно осуществляется техническими комитетами ISO. Каждый комитет-член, заинтересованный в
деятельности, для которой был создан технический комитет, имеет право быть представленным в
этом комитете. Международные правительственные и неправительственные организации, имеющие
связи с ISO, также принимают участие в работах. ISO работает в тесном сотрудничестве с
Международной электротехнической комиссией (IEC) по всем вопросам стандартизации в области
электротехники.
Международные стандарты разрабатываются в соответствии с правилами, установленными в
Директивах ISO/IEC, Часть 3.
Основная задача технических комитетов состоит в подготовке международных стандартов. Проекты
международных стандартов, одобренные техническими комитетами, рассылаются комитетам-членам
на голосование. Их опубликование в качестве международных стандартов требует одобрения, по
меньшей мере, 75 % комитетов-членов, принимающих участие в голосовании.
Следует иметь в виду, что некоторые элементы данной части ISO 16065 могут быть объектом
патентных прав. Организация ISO не должна нести ответственность за идентификацию какого-либо
одного или всех патентных прав.
ISO 14004 был подготовлен Техническим комитетом ISO/TC 207, Менеджмент окружающей среды,
Подкомитетом SC 1, Системы экологического менеджмента.
Это второе издание аннулирует и заменяет первое издание (ISO 14004:1996), которое было
технически пересмотрено.
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
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Введение
По мере того, как растет озабоченность сохранением и улучшением качества окружающей среды,
организации всех типов и масштабов все большее внимание обращают на уровень влияния своей
деятельности, продукции или услуг на окружающую среду. Экологическая результативность
организации приобретает все большее значение для внутренних и внешних заинтересованных сторон.
Для достижения высокой экологической результативности организация должна реализовывать
(обеспечивать) системный подход к своей деятельности и постоянно улучшать систему экологического
менеджмента (далее СЭМ=EMS).
Основная цель настоящего международного стандарта - оказать помощь организациям, которые
намерены внедрить или улучшить систему экологического менеджмента, повышая тем самым свою
экологическую результативность. Положения настоящего стандарта совместимы с концепцией
устойчивого развития, культурными, социальными и организационными аспектами и другими
системами менеджмента.
Настоящий международный стандарт может быть использован организацией любого типа, масштаба и
уровня зрелости, действующей в различных секторах экономики в любой стране земного шара. В
стандарте также учтены особые потребности и стремление малых и средних предприятий
использовать системы экологического менеджмента.
Настоящий международный стандарт входит в серию стандартов по экологическому менеджменту,
созданных на основе соответствующих международных стандартов, разработанных Техническим
комитетом ISO/TC 207. В этой серии только ISO 14001 содержит требования, которые могут быть
объективно проверены для целей сертификации/регистрации или для целей самодекларации.
Настоящий стандарт содержит примеры, описания и варианты, которые помогут как при внедрении
системы экологического менеджмента, так и в усилении позиций этой системы в системе общего
менеджмента организации. Хотя руководящие указания, приведенные в настоящем международном
стандарте, соответствуют модели системы экологического менеджмента, установленной в ISO 14001,
их не следует рассматривать как интерпретацию требований ISO 14001. Для упрощения
использования подразделы раздела 4 ISO 14004 имеют нумерацию, аналогичную ISO 14001. Однако в
случаях, когда необходимы более подробные или дополнительные указания для эффективного
внедрения системы экологического менеджмента оказалось полезным ввести дополнительные
подпункты (например, 4.3.1.1 или 4.3.3.3). Кроме настоящего международного стандарта и ISO 14001, в
серию стандартов по экологическому менеджменту входят другие стандарты, реализующие прямое
применение соответствующих международных стандартов, разработанных Техническим комитетом
ISO/TC 207. Описание и справочную информацию о международных стандартах серии 14000 можно
найти в публикации ISO Международные стандарты ISO серии 14000 (The ISO 14000 Family of
International Standards).
В настоящем стандарте описаны элементы системы экологического менеджмента и приведены
практические рекомендации по разработке, внедрению и поддерживанию функционирования или
улучшению EMS. Такая система может существенно повысить возможности организации
прогнозировать, идентифицировать и управлять влиянием на окружающую среду, достигать
экологических целей и обеспечить соответствие применимым законодательным и другим требованиям,
которые организация обязалась выполнять.
Примеры и подходы, приведенные в настоящем стандарте, носят иллюстративный характер. Их не
следует считать единственно возможными, но они могут оказаться полезными для любой организации.
При проектировании, внедрении или улучшении системы экологического менеджмента организациям
следует выбирать подходы, которые соответствуют возможностям самой организации. Экологический
менеджмент является составной частью общего менеджмента организации. Проектирование системы
экологического менеджмента – последовательный и интерактивный процесс. Структура,
ответственность, практические методы, процедуры, процессы и ресурсы для внедрения экологической
политики, целей и задач могут быть скоординированы с усилиями, реализуемыми в других областях
(например, технологические операции, финансы, качество, здоровье и безопасность персонала).
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
Для упрощения понимания настоящий международный стандарт содержит параграфы, обозначенные
как “практический совет” и “общие указания”, приводимые отдельно и заключенные в рамки.
Ключевыми задачами для руководящего состава (менеджеров) при разработке, внедрении,
поддерживании функционирования или улучшения системы экологического менеджмента являются
следующие:
признание факта, что экологический менеджмент является одним из главных приоритетов
организации;
разработка и поддерживание обмена информацией и конструктивное сотрудничество с
внутренними и внешними заинтересованными сторонами;
идентификация экологических аспектов деятельности, продукции и услуг организации;
идентификация законодательных и других требований, относящихся к экологическим аспектам
организации, которые организация обязалась выполнять;
обеспечение согласия со стороны руководства и всех лиц, работающих для организации или по
ее поручению, в отношении охраны окружающей среды, с четким установлением, а также
выполнением ими требований отчетности и ответственности;
поощрение экологического планирования на протяжении всего жизненного цикла продукции или услуг;
разработка процессов достижения экологических целей и выполнения экологических задач;
обеспечение необходимыми и достаточными ресурсами, в том числе с целью обучения, для
обеспечения соответствия законодательным и другим требованиям, которые организация
обязалась выполнять, для достижения экологических целей и выполнения экологических задач
на постоянной основе;
оценка экологической результативности, исходя из экологической политики организации, ее
целей и задач и, где это применимо, поиск возможности улучшения;
разработка процесса менеджмента, включая проведение аудита и анализа системы
экологического менеджмента, а также идентификация возможности улучшения системы и,
соответственно, повышения экологической результативности, а также
поощрение подрядчиков и поставщиков при разработке собственных систем экологического
менеджмента.
Организации могут использовать настоящий международный стандарт или другие соответствующие
документы ISO различным образом, например:
как руководство по разработке, внедрению, поддерживанию или улучшению системы
экологического менеджмента с учетом того, что настоящий стандарт не может быть
использован в целях самодекларации или других целях в области оценки соответствия, а также
для помощи при внедрении или улучшении системы экологического менеджмента.
Выбор способа использования зависит от таких факторов как
цели организации;
уровень готовности систем менеджмента организации (т.е. имеет ли организация систему
менеджмента, способную поддержать включение в нее экологической составляющей);
возможные преимущества и недостатки, определяемые такими факторами, как существующее
и ожидаемое положение организации на рынке, репутация, внешние связи и мнения
заинтересованных сторон, а также
размеры организации.
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
Внедрение эффективной системы экологического менеджмента поможет организации избежать, снизить или
)
контролировать негативные воздействия на окружающую среду ее деятельности, продукции и услуг, достичь
соответствия приемлемым законодательным и другим требованиям, которые организация обязалась
выполнять, а также постоянно улучшать экологическую результативность.
Наличие системы экологического менеджмента может помочь организации убедить заинтересованные
стороны в том, что:
руководство организации выполняет обязательства по реализации экологической политики,
достижению поставленных экологических целей и выполнению экологических задач;
особая значимость придается предотвращению загрязнений окружающей среды;
данная система является свидетельством оправданной работы об обеспечении соответствия
принятым обязательствам;
в проект системы заложен процесс последовательного улучшения.
Внедрение системы экологического менеджмента может принести также экономические выгоды.
Организация, включившая в систему общего менеджмента систему экологического менеджмента, имеет
возможность сбалансировать экономические и экологические интересы. Экономические выгоды могут быть
также обусловлены тем, что организация получает возможность демонстрировать заинтересованным
сторонам свою деятельность в области экологического менеджмента. Это также позволяет организации
связать экологические цели и задачи с конкретными финансовыми результатами своей деятельности и тем
самым подтвердить, что если одновременно учитывать финансовые и экологические вопросы, то
предоставляемые ресурсы принесут наибольшую выгоду. Организация, внедрившая систему экологического
менеджмента, может получить важные конкурентные преимущества.
В дополнение к потенциальным выгодам, связанным с внедрением эффективной системы
экологического менеджмента, помимо повышения экологической результативности можно отнести:
предоставление потребителям свидетельства о реализации системы экологического менеджмента;
поддерживание хороших взаимоотношений с общественностью;
соответствие критериям инвесторов и повышение возможностей кредитования;
заключение договоров страхования при разумном уровне затрат;
улучшения репутации и позиции на рынке;
усиление контроля за издержками;
уменьшение вероятности несчастных случаев, приводящих к судебной ответственности;
снижение потребления материалов и энергии;
облегчение получения разрешений от уполномоченных органов при обеспечении соответствия
их требованиям;
содействия распространению экологических знаний среди поставщиков, подрядчиков и всех
лиц, работающих для организации или по ее поручению;
стимулирование разработок и поиска решений экологических проблем и
улучшение отношения между промышленностью и правительством.
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МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ СТАНДАРТ ISO 14004:2004(R)
Системы экологического менеджмента. Общее руководство
по принципам, системам и методам обеспечения
функционирования
1 Область применения
Настоящий международный стандарт представляет собой руководство по разработке, внедрению,
обеспечению функционирования и улучшению систем экологического менеджмента при координации
этой деятельности с другими системами менеджмента.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Хотя данная система не распространяется на менеджмент охраны здоровья и безопасности
труда, руководство может быть использовано, если организация намерена внедрить систему менеджмента,
объединяющую вопросы экологии, охраны здоровья и безопасности труда.
Руководящие указания, изложенные в настоящем стандарте, могут быть использованы организациями
любого типа, масштаба, местоположения или уровня зрелости.
Хотя руководящие указания, изложенные в настоящем международном стандарте, согласуются с
моделью системы экологического менеджмента, приведенной в ISO 14001, их не предполагается
использовать как интерпретацию требований ISO 14001.
2 Нормативные ссылки
Нормативные ссылки отсутствуют. Настоящий раздел включен с целью сохранения нумерации пунктов
предыдущего издания стандарта (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Термины и определения
В настоящем стандарте применены следующие термины и определения:
3.1
аудитор
auditor
лицо, обладающее компетентностью для проведения аудита (проверки).
[ISO 19000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
постоянное улучшение
continual improvement
повторяющийся процесс совершенствования системы экологического менеджмента (3.9) с целью
улучшения общей экологической результативности (3.11) в соответствии с экологической
политикой (3.20) организации (3.13)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Этот процесс не обязательно проходит одновременно во всех сферах деятельности.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
3.3
коррекция
correction
действие, предпринятое для устранения обнаруженного несоответствия (3.18)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Определение соответствует приведенному в ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.6.
3.4
корректирующее действие
corrective action
действие, устраняющее причины выявленного несоответствия (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
документ
document
информация, приведенная на соответствующем носителе
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 1 Носитель может быть бумажным, магнитным, электронным или оптическим компьютерным
диском, фотографией или эталонным образцом, или их комбинацией.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 2 Определение соответствует приведенному в ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.2.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
окружающая среда
environment
окружение, в котором функционирует организация (3.20), включая воздух, воду, землю, природные
ресурсы, флору, фауну, людей в их взаимодействии
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Понятие окружение в данном контексте распространяется на среду в пределах от организации
(3.20) до глобальной системы.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
экологический аспект
environmental aspect
элемент деятельности организации (3.20), ее продукции или услуг, который может взаимодействовать
с окружающей средой (3.6)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Значимый экологический аспект оказывает или может оказать значительное воздействие на
окружающую среду (3.8).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
воздействие на окружающую среду
environmental impact
любое изменение в окружающей среде (3.6) отрицательного или положительного характера,
полностью или частично являющееся результатом экологических аспектов (3.7) организации (3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
3.9
система экологического менеджмента
EMS
environmental management system
EMS
часть системы менеджмента организации (3.20), используемая для разработки и внедрения
экологической политики (3.13) и управления ее экологическими аспектами (3.7)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 1 Система менеджмента представляет собой совокупность взаимосвязанных элементов,
используемых для установления политики и целей и достижения этих целей.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 2 Система менеджмента включает в себя организационную структуру, деятельность по
планированию, распределение ответственности, практики, процедуры (3.23), процессы и ресурсы.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
экологическая цель
environmental objective
общая экологическая установка к действию, согласующаяся с экологической политикой (3.13),
которую организация (3.20) решила достигнуть
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
3.11
экологическая результативность
environmental performance
измеряемые организацией (3.20) результаты управления своими экологическими аспектами (3.7)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ В контексте систем экологического менеджмента (3.9) результаты могут быть измерены в
отношении реализации экологической политики (3.13) организации (3.20), достижения экологических целей
(3.10), выполнения экологических задач (3.14) и других требований к экологической результативности.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
показатель экологической результативности
environmental performance indicator
EPI
конкретное выражение, содержащее информацию об экологической результативности (3.11)
организации (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
экологическая политика
environmental policy
официальное заявление высшего руководства организации (3.20) об основных намерениях и
направлениях деятельности в отношении экологической результативности (3.11)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Экологическая политика определяет рамки для действий и служит основой для постановки
экологических целей (3.10) и экологических задач (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
экологическая задача
environmental target
детализированное требование к результативности, применимое к организации (3.20) или ее частям,
вытекающее из экологических целей (3.10), которое следует установить и выполнить для достижения
этих целей
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
заинтересованная сторона
interested party
лицо или группа лиц, заинтересованные в экологической результативности (3.11), или на которых
может влиять экологическая результативность организации (3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
внутренний аудит
internal audit
систематический, независимый и документированный процесс получения свидетельств аудита, а
также его объективной оценки для определения степени, в которой выполняются критерии аудита
системы экологического менеджмента, установленные организацией (3.20)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Во многих случаях, в частности в малых организациях, независимость аудита может быть
продемонстрирована отсутствием ответственности за проверяемую деятельность.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
показатель результативности менеджмента
management performance indicator
ПРМ
MPI
показатель экологической результативности (3.12), содержащий информацию о результатах
работы менеджмента (руководства организации) в отношении его влияния на экологическую
результативность (3.11) организации (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.1]
3.18
несоответствие
nonconformity
невыполнение установленного требования
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
показатель результативности функционирования
operational performance indicator
ПРФ
OPI
показатель экологической результативности (3.12), содержащий в себе информацию об экологической
результативности (3.11) функционирования организации (3.20)
[ISO 14031:2000, 2.10.2]
3.20
организация
organization
компания, корпорация, фирма, предприятие, орган власти, учреждение либо их часть, либо
комбинация частей, официально учрежденные или нет, государственные или частные, выполняющие
собственные функции и имеющие свой административный аппарат
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Для организаций, состоящих из нескольких подразделений, каждое подразделение может быть
определено как организация.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.16]
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
3.21
предупреждающее действие
preventive action
действие, устраняющее причины потенциально возможного несоответствия (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.17]
3.22
предотвращение загрязнения
prevention of pollution
использование процессов, практических методов, технических решений, материалов, продукции, услуг
или энергии с целью избежать, уменьшить или контролировать (отдельно или в комбинации)
образование, выброс или сброс любого типа загрязняющего вещества или отходов уменьшения
негативных воздействий на окружающую среду (3.8)
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Предотвращение загрязнения может включать в себя устранение или уменьшение источника
(загрязнения), изменение процесса, продукции или услуг, эффективное использование ресурсов, замену
используемых материалов и видов энергии, повторное использование, восстановление, вторичную переработку,
утилизацию и очистку.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.18]
3.23
процедура
procedure
установленный способ выполнения какой-либо деятельности или процесса
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 1 Процедура может быть документированной или недокументированной.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 2 Соответствует определению ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.19]
3.24
запись
record
документ (3.5), в котором зафиксированы полученные результаты или содержащий свидетельство
выполнения какой-либо деятельности.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Соответствует определению ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.6.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
4 Элементы системы экологического менеджмента
4.1 Общие положения
4.1.1 Модель системы экологического менеджмента
Система экологического менеджмента, детально рассматриваемая в настоящем международном
стандарте, использует модель менеджмента «Планирование – Выполнение – Контроль – Действие»
(Plan-Do-Check-Act=PDCA). Модель системы экологического менеджмента и осуществляемый процесс
ее постоянного улучшения изображены на Рисунке 1. Более детальная информация о модели PDCA
приведена далее в практическом совете – Модель системы экологического менеджмента.
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
Рисунок 1 – Модель системы экологического менеджмента
Систему экологического менеджмента лучше всего рассматривать как организационную структуру,
которую следует непрерывно подвергать мониторингу и периодически анализировать для определения
эффективных направлений совершенствования с учетом изменения внешних и внутренних факторов.
Персоналу всех уровней (управления) организации следует в соответствии с занимаемой должностью
принять на себя ответственность за работу по улучшению экологического состояния.
Если система экологического менеджмента создается впервые, организации следует начать
внедрение с той части, где она получить очевидные выгоды от этого, например, сосредоточиться на
непосредственном снижении затрат или обеспечении выполнения требований законодательных и
нормативных актов, связанных со значимыми экологическими аспектами. После того как система
экологического менеджмента приобретет законченную форму, ее процедуры, программы и технологии
могут использоваться для дальнейшего повышения экологической результативности организации. Как
только система экологического менеджмента достигнет достаточно высокого уровня, рассмотрение
экологических аспектов может быть интегрировано с решением любых хозяйственных вопросов.
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ISO 14004:2004(R)
Практический совет. Модель системы экологического менеджмента
PDCA – это постоянно выполняемый итеративный процесс, позволяющий организации создать, внедрить
экологическую политику (см. 4.2), основанную на лидерстве высшего руководства и его обязательствах в
отношении системы экологического менеджмента (см. 4.1.2). После того как организация оценит свою позицию
в отношении охраны окружающей среды (см. 4.1.4), предпринимают следующие шаги:
а) Планирование: внедрить постоянно действующий процесс планирования (см. 4.3),
позволяющего организации:
1) идентифицировать экологические аспекты и связанные с ними воздействия на окружающую
среду (см. 4.3.1);
2) идентифицировать и осуществлять мониторинг выполнения применяемых законодательных
и других требований, которые организация обязалась выполнять; сформировать, по
возможности, внутренние критерии результативности (см. 4.3.2);
3) установить экологические цели и задачи, а также разработать программу(ы) по их
достижению и выполнению (см. 4.3.3.1 и 4.3.3.2) и
4) разработать и использовать показатели результативности (см. 4.3.3.3);
b) Выполнение: внедрить и обеспечить функционирование системы экологического менеджмента (см. 4.4):
1) создать структуру менеджмента (управления), распределить обязанности, установить
ответственность и наделить достаточными полномочиями;
2) предусмотреть необходимые ресурсы (см. 4.4.1);
3) обучить (подготовить) персонал, работающий для организации или по ее поручению, и
обеспечить его осведомленность и компетентность (см. 4.4.2);
4) разработать процессы внутреннего и внешнего об мена информацией (см. 4.4.3);
5) разработать и поддерживать ведение документов (см. 4.4.4);
6) создать и внедрить управление документами (см. 4.4.5);
7) создать и внедрить управление операциями (см. 4.4.6);
8) обеспечить подготовленность персонала и возможности возникновения нештатных ситуаций
и аварий и к выполнению соответствующих ответных действий (см. 4.4.7);
с) Контроль: оценивать процессы системы экологического менеджмента (см. 4.5);
1) проводить текущий мониторинг и измерения (см. 4.5.1);
2) оценивать ситуацию с обеспечением соответствия (см. 4.5.2);
3) идентифицировать несо
...
وﺰـــیأ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا
14004
ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
Official translation
Traduction officielle
ﻰ�����ﻠﻋ ﺔ�����ﻣﺎﻋ تادﺎ�����ﺷرإ – ﺔ�����ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻢ�����ﻈﻧ
ﺔﻤﻋاﺪﻟا ﻢﻈﻨﻟا تﺎﻴﻨﻘﺗو ،ءىدﺎﺒﻤﻟا
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on
principles, systems and support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques
de mise en oeuvre
تﺎﺌﻴه 10 ﻦﻋ ﺔﺏﺎﻧﻹﺎﺏ ﺔﻴﻤﺳر ﺔﻴﺏﺮﻋ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘآ اﺮﺴﻳﻮﺳ ،ﻒﻴﻨﺟ ﻲﻓ ISO ﺔﻳﺰآﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻣﻷا ﻲﻓ ﺖﻌﺒﻃ
.( ii ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺉﺎﻘﻟا ﺮﻈﻧا ) ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا ﺔﻗد تﺪﻤﺘﻋأ ﻲﺘﻟا ISO ﻲﻓ ءﺎﻀﻋأ
ﻰﻌﺟﺮﻤﻟا ﻢﻗﺮﻟا
ISO 14004:2004
ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
© ISO 2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
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ﻞﺧاد ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺰﺨﺘﺏ حﺮﺻ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﺏ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﺒﻄﻤﻟا قاروﻷا ﺖﻧﺎآ اذإ ﻻإ ﺮﺸﻨﻠﻟ ﺪﻌﻳ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ ﻻ ﻦﻜﻟو ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ عﻼﻃﻹا وأ ﻪﻌﺒﻃ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ
.ﻪﺘﻄﺳاﻮﺏ ﺮﺸﻨﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ بﻮﺳﺎﺡ
. ( ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺘﻠﻟ ) ( Adobe)ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺔﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ مﺪﻋ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺬﺉﺪﻨﻋ نﻮﻜﺕ فاﺮﻃﻷا نﺎﻓ ﻒﻠﻤﻟا اﺬه ﻊﺒﻃ ﺔﻟﺎﺡ ﻲﻓو
. لﺎﺠﻤﻟا اﺬه ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ ( ISO ) ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺰآﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻳرﺎﺕﺮﻜﺴﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺕ ﻻو
ﻦﻣ ﻒﻠﻤﻟا اﺬه ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﺞﻣاﺮﺒﻟا ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺕ ﻲﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻜﻤﻳو ( Adobe ) ةﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟا ﺔآﺮﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺠﺴﻣ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ( Adobe ) ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻳو
ﺪﻴآﺄﺘﻟ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟا ﻞآ تﺬﺧأ ﺪﻗو ، ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻠﻟ ﺐﻴﻟﺎﺳﻷا ﻞﻀﻓﺄﺏ ( PDF ) ءﺎﺸﻧإ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﻢﺘﻳو . ﻒﻠﻤﻟا اﺬﻬﺏ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا
غﻼﺏإ ءﺎﺟﺮﺏ ، ﻒﻠﻤﻟا اﺬﻬﺏ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻣ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻣ يأ ثوﺪﺡ ﺔﻟﺎﺡ ﻲﻓو ، ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ءﺎﻀﻋﻷ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻒﻠﻤﻟا اﺬه نأ
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟا ﻞﻔﺳأ دﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟا ناﻮﻨﻌﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻳﺰآﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻳرﺎﺕﺮﻜﺴﻟا
ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا تﺪﻤﺘﻋأ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟا تﺎﻬﺟ
ﺮﺼﻡ ةدﻮﺠﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻡﺎﻌﻟا ﺔیﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻟا ƒ
ﺎﻴﺒﻴﻟ ﺮﻴیﺎﻌﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺒﻴﻠﻟا ﻲﻨﻃﻮﻟا ﺰآﺮﻤﻟا ƒ
ﺲﻥﻮﺕ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟا ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺴﻥﻮﺘﻟا ﺪﻬﻌﻤﻟا ƒ
نادﻮﺴﻟا ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻥادﻮﺴﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻟا ƒ
ﺖیﻮﻜﻟا ﺖیﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻠﻟ ﺔﻡﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻟا ƒ
ﺔیدﻮﻌﺴﻟا ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺔیدﻮﻌﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻟا ƒ
ﻦﻤﻴﻟا ةدﻮﺠﻟا ﻂﺒﺿو ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻴﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻟا ƒ
ندرﻷا ﺔﻴﻥدرﻷا ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻡ ƒ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا تارﺎﻡﻹا ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻠﻟ تارﺎﻡﻹا ﺔﺌﻴه ƒ
ﺎیرﻮﺳ ﺔیرﻮﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺲﻴیﺎﻘﻤﻟاو تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﺌﻴه ƒ
ﻦیﺪﻌﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ƒ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟا لوﺪﻟ نوﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﺲﻠﺠﻡ لوﺪﻟ ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟا ﺔﺌﻴه ƒ
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© ISO 2004
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
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Arabic version published in 2009
Published in Switzerland
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
تﺎیﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟا
1 .لﺎﺠﻤﻟا.1
1 .ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا 2
1 .ﻒیرﺎﻌﺘﻟاو تارﺎﺒﻌﻟا 3
5 .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ 4
5 .مﺎـﻋ 1.4
8 .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا 2.4
10 . ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟا 3.4
19 .ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟاو ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟا 4.4
28 . ﺺﺤﻔﻟا 5.4
32 .ﺔیرادﻹا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا 6.4
34 .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺜﻡأ (ﻰﻡﻼﻋإ) أ ﻖﺤﻠﻡ
39 .ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺪﻴﻬﻤﺕ
.وﺰـﻳﻷا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ءﺎﻀﻋﻷا لوﺪﻟا ﻞﺜﻤﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟا ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟا تﺎﺌﻴﻬﻟ ﻲﻟود دﺎﺤﺕا (ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا) وﺰﻳﻷا
ﻦﻣ ﻮﻀﻋ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻖﺤﻳو .وﺰﻳﻷا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا نﺎﺠﻠﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا داﺪﻋإ نﺈﻓ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺏو
ﻲﻓ كرﺎﺸﺕو .ﻮﻀﻌﻟا تﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘها ﺰﻴﺡ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻋﻮﺽﻮﻣ ﻞﺧﺪﻳو ﺎهؤﺎﺸﻧإ ﻢﺕ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺔﻨﺠﻟ يأ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻼﺜﻤﻣ ﻦﻴﻌﻳ نأ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ءﺎﻀﻋأ
ﻊﻣ ﻖﻴﺙو ﻞﻜﺸﺏ ﺎﻀﻳأ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﺕو ،وﺰﻳﻷﺎﺏ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺎﻬﻟ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟا ﺮﻴﻏو ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا تﺎﺌﻴﻬﻟا ﺎﻀﻳأ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬه
.ﻲﻨﻘﺕوﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻲﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺪﻴﺡﻮﺘﻟﺎﺏ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﻞﺉﺎﺴﻤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺕوﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟا
ﻞآ ﻦﻋ ردﺎﺼﻟا ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ءﺰﺠﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ صﻮﺼﻨﻤﻟا ﺪﻋاﻮﻘﻠﻟ ﺎﻘﻓو ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا تادﻮﺴﻣ داﺪﻋإ ﻢﺘﻳو
.(ISO/IEC Directives ) ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺕوﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟاو ﺲﻴﻴﻘﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ
ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳو ،ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺖﻳﻮﺼﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻟا ءﺎﻀﻋأ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا نﺎﺠﻠﻟا ﺎهﺪﻤﺘﻌﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا تادﻮﺴﻣ عزﻮﺕ ﺎﻤآ
.تاﻮﺻﻷا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﻷا ﻰﻠﻋ %75 ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﺔﻴﻟود ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻗ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤآ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا راﺪﺻإو ﻊﺒﻃ
ﺮﻴﻏ وﺰﻳﻷا ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ نأ ﻻإ ةءاﺮﺒﻟا ﻖﺤﻟ ﺔﻌﺽﺎﺧ نﻮﻜﺕ ﺪﻗ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺾﻌﺏ نأ ﻰﻟإ ﻩﻮﻨﻧ نأ دﻮﻧو
.قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻞآ وأ ﺾﻌﺏ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻟوﺆﺴﻣ
ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻔﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟا ، ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻢﻈﻨﻟﺎﺏ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟاو 207 ﻢﻗر ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟا ، 14004 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا داﺪﻋﺈﺏ مﺎﻗ
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻢﻈﻨﺏ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟاو 1 ﻢﻗر
. ﺎﻴﻨﻘﺕ ﻪﺘﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﻢﺕ يﺬﻟاو (14004:1996 وﺰﻳأ ) ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻞﺤﻣ ﻞﺤﻳو ﻲﻐﻠﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا راﺪﺻﻹا اﺬه
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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ﺔﻡﺪﻘﻡ
مﺎﻤﺘهﻻا ﺪﻳاﺰﺘﻳ ﺚﻴﺡ ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧو ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣو ﺎﻬﺘﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا رﺎﺙﻵﺎﺏ ًاﺪﻳاﺰﺘﻣ ﺎًﻣﺎﻤﺘها ﺎﻬﻣﺎﺠﺡأو ﺎﻬﻋاﻮﻧأ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺏ تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻢﺘﻬﺕ
ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳ و .ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟاو ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻸﻟ ﺎﻣﺎه ﺎﻣ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟ ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا نﻮﻜﻳو ، ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةدﻮﺠﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟﺎﺏ
. (EMS) ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟﺎﺏ مﺎﻈﺘﻧﺎﺏ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ماﺰﺘﻟا ىﻮﻗ ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ءادﻷ لﻮﺻﻮﻟا
ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ وأ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺕ ﻰﻓ ﺐﻏﺮﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ةﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟا مﺪﻘﺕ نأ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬﻬﻟ مﺎﻌﻟا ضﺮﻐﻟا
، ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ، ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺙ تﻻﺎﺠﻣ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﺘﻣ و ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا مﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه . ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ ﻰﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺏو
. ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ةرادإ ﻢﻈﻧو ﺔﻴﺴﺳﺆﻣ
ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻰﻓو تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻟا تﺎﻳﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣو ، مﺎﺠﺡأو ، عاﻮﻧأ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺏ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻳ
(SMEs) ﻢﺠﺤﻟا ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻤﻟاو ةﺮﻴﻐﺼﻟا تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا تﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺡﻻا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺕ . ﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺠﻟا ﻊﻗاﻮﻤﻟاو تﺎﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟا
. ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﺎﻬﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻊﺠﺸﺕ ﺎﻬﻧا ﺎﻤآ ،ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺡا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﺮﻓﻮﺕو
ISO/TC 2O7 ﻢﻗر ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟا ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺽو ﻰﺘﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادإ تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻦﻣ ءﺰﺟ ﻰه ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه
ضﺮﻐﺏ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﺘﻟا فﺪﻬﺘﺴﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻰﺘﻟاو تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ىﻮﺘﺤﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻰﻓ ةﺪﻴﺡﻮﻟا ﻰه 14001 وﺰﻳا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا .
. ﻰﺕاﺬﻟا نﻼﻋﻹا ضاﺮﻏﻹ وأ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟا ةدﺎﻬﺵ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا
ﺎﻀﻳأو ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻼآ ﻰﻓ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﺕ تارﺎﻴﺘﺧاو تﺎﻔﻴﺻﻮﺕ ، ﻪﻠﺜﻣأ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻞﻤﺘﺸﺕ
14001 وﺰﻳا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻰﻓ تادﺎﺵرﻹا نﻮﻜﺕ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺏو .ﺎﻣ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟا ةرادﻹﺎﺏ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻳﻮﻘﺘﻟ
ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﻟو 14001 وﺰﻳا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟ تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻠﻟ تاﺮﻴﺴﻔﺘﺏ داﺪﻣﻹا ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺪﺼﻘﻳﻻ ﻪﻧﺈﻓ ، ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ جذﻮﻤﻨﺏ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا
نﺈﻓ ﻚﻟذ ﻊﻣو .14004 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻢﻴﻗﺮﺘﻟا ﺲﻔﻧ ﺎﻬﻟ 14001 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻰﻓ 4 ﺪﻨﺒﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻔﻟا دﻮﻨﺒﻟﺎﻓ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا
تادﺎﺵرإ وأ تﻼﻴﺼﻔﺕ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﺕ ﺚﻴﺡ ،( 4.3.3.3 وأ 4.3.1.1لﺎﺜﻣ ) ةﺪﺉاز ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻓ دﻮﻨﺏ ﺎﻬﻟ 14004 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ
ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟا كﺎﻨه ، (14001) وﺰﻳا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟاو ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻦﻋ ًاﺪﻴﻌﺏ .ﺔﻌﻓﺎﻧ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﺕ ﻰهو لﺎﻌﻓ ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ﻩرادأ مﺎﻈﻧ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺽإ
ISO / TC ﻢﻗر وﺰﻳا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺏ ةردﺎﺼﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻰﻓ ىﺮﺧﻷا ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادإ تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ
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ﻒﺻﻮﺕ ﺚﻴﺡ 14000 وﺰﻳا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ تاراﺪﺻإ ﻰﻓ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬﻬﻟ ﻒﺻوو ﺔﻴﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﺪﺟﻮﺕ ةدﺎﻋ
ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺕو ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻺﻟ مﺎﻈﻧ ﺔﻣﺎﻗإ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻟ تادﺎﺵرﻹﺎﺏ تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺪﻤﺕو ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادا مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ
ﺎﻬﻓاﺪهأ ﻖﻘﺤﺕو ، ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﺕﻼﺧاﺪﺕ ةرادإو ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ةرﺪﻘﻣ ﻊﺠﺸﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ مﺎﻈﻨﻟا اﺬه .ﻪﻨﻴﺴﺤﺕ وأ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻈﻓﺎﺤﻤﻟاو
.ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ مﺰﺘﻠﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا ىﺮﺧﻷا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣو ﺔﻘﺒﻄﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﻘﺏﺎﻄﺕ ﻦﻣ ﺪآﺄﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺕ ﺎﻬﻧأ وأ ةﺪـﻴﺡﻮﻟا تﺎﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﻹا ﻲـه نﻮـﻜﺕ نأ دﻮﺼﻘﻤﻟا ﺲﻴﻟو ، ﺔـﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻞﺧاد تﺎهﺎﺠﺕاو ﺔﻠﺜﻣا ﺪﺟﻮﺕ
تﺎـهﺎﺠﺕﻻا رﺎﻴﺘﺧا تﺂـﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻳو ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا وأ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟاو ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ ةﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﻞآ ةروﺮﻀﻟﺎﺏ
. ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﺎﻬﻓوﺮﻈﻟ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟا
، ةﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻮه ﻲﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻨﻟ ﻢﻴﻤــﺼﺘﻟا 0 ﺎﻣ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟ ﻰﻠﻜﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺘﻣ ءﺰـﺟ ﻲه ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا
ﺔـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ دراﻮﻤﻟاو تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ، تاءاﺮﺟﻹا ، تﺎﺳرﺎﻤﻤﻟا ، تﺎﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻤﻟا ، ﻲﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﻞﻜﻴـﻬﻟا ﻖﻴﺴﻨﺕ ﻦـﻜﻤﻳ ،ﺔﻠﺧاﺪﺘﻣو
. فاﺪهﻷا ، ﺔـﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا
ﺔﺤﺼﻟاو ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟا ، ةدﻮﺠﻟا ، ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا ،ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ) ىﺮﺧأ تﻻﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ةﺪـﺟاﻮﺘﻤﻟا تادﻮﻬﺠﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ تﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟاو
. ( ﺔﻴﻨﻬﻤﻟا
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
v
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺎهزاﺮﺏإ ﻢﺕو ، مﺎﻌﻟا دﺎﺵرﻹاو ﺢﻴﺽﻮﺘﻟا ، ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ةﺪـﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟا ﻞـﺼﻓ ﻢﺕ ﺔـﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔـﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬـه ﻢﻬـﻓو ةءاﺮـﻗ ﻞﻴﻬـﺴﺕ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ
. ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ةﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟا جذﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺺﻨآ
: ﻰﻟإ جﺎﻴﺘﺡﻻا ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ وأ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا وأ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺕ وأ ءﺎﺸﻧﺎﺏ نﻮﻣﻮﻘﻳ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا ﻦﻳﺮﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳﻷا تﺎﻤﻬﻤﻟا ﻞﻤﺘﺸﺕ
. ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺎﺏ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋﻷا تﺎﻳﻮﻟوﻷا ﻦﻤﺽ ﻰه ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا نأ فاﺮﺘﻋﻻا —
.ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟاو ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺧو ﺔﻴﻠﺧاد ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﻃأ ﻊﻣ ةءﺎﻨﺏ تﻻﺎﺼﺕا تﺎﻗﻼﻋ ءﺎﺸﻧإ —
. ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧو ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ ، ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺮهﺎﻈﻤﻟا ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺕ —
. ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺮهﺎﻈﻤﻟﺎﺏ ﻂﺒﺕﺮﺕ ﻰﺘﻟاو تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ مﺰﺘﻠﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا ىﺮﺧﻷا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟاو ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺕ —
ﺔﻴﺒ�ﺳﺎﺤﻤﻠﻟ ﺢ�ﺽاو ﺪ�ﻳﺪﺤﺕ ﻊ�ﻣ ﺔ�ﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔ�ﻳﺎﻤﺤﻟ ﺎ�ﻬﻨﻋ ﺔ�ﺏﺎﻴﻧ وأ ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻦﻴﻠﻣﺎ�ﻌﻟا داﺮ�ﻓﻷا ﻊ�ﻴﻤﺟو ةرادﻺ�ﻟ ماﺰ�ﺘﻟﻻا ﺪﻴآﺄﺕ —
. ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻤﻟاو
. ﺔﻣﺪﺨﻟا وأ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟا ةﺎﻴﺡ ةرود لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺕ —
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا تﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟاو فاﺪهﻸﻟ لﻮﺻﻮﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ءﺎﺸﻧإ —
ىﺮ�ﺧﻷا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣو ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺏﺎﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻖﻓاﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﺐﻳرﺪﺘﻟا ﺔﻠﻣﺎ ﺵ ﻪﻴﻓﺎآو ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ دراﻮﻣ ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺕ —
. ةﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﺲﺳأ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ تﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘﺴﻣو فاﺪهأ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟو ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ مﺰﺘﻠﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا
. ﻦﻜﻣأ ﺎﻤﻠآ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا ىﺮﺤﺕو ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ تﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘﺴﻣ ، فاﺪهأ ، ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻦﻋ ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ءادأ ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺕ —
ﻰ�ﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷاو مﺎ�ﻈﻨﻟﺎﺏ صﺎﺨﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻠﻟ صﺮﻓ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺕو ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ، ﻖﻴﻗﺪ ﺘﻟ ﺔﻳرادإ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ءﺎﺸﻧإ —
و ﺞﺕﺎﻨﻟا
ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ ءﺎﺸﻧﻹ ﻦﻳدرﻮﻤﻟاو ﻦﻴﻟوﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺕ —
ﻞﻤﺘ�ﺸﺕ ﻰ�ﺘﻟاو ﺔ�ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟا قﺮﻄﻟﺎ�ﺏ ﺔﻨﻤ�ﻀﺘﻣ ، ﺔ�ﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا وﺰ�ﻳأ ﻖﺉﺎ�ﺙو وأ ﺔ�ﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه تﺂﺸﻨﻤﻟا مﺪﺨﺘﺴﺕ ﺪﻗ
ﻰﻠﻳﺎﻣ
ﺖ�ﺴﻴﻟ ﺔﻔ�ﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه نﺄﺏ ًﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺏ صﺎﺨﻟا ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ وأ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا وأ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺕوأ ﺲﻴﺳﺄﺘﻟ ىدﺎﺵرإ ﻞﻴﻟد —
و ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻤﻟا ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺘﻟ ىﺮﺧأ ضاﺮﻏأ ىا وأ ﻰﺕاﺬﻟا (ﺢﻳﺮﺼﺘﻟا) نﻼﻋﻺﻟ
. ﺎﻬﺏ صﺎﺨﻟا ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ وأ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺕ ﻢﻋد —
: ﻞﺜﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ رﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻا ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ فﻮﺳ
ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟا فاﺪهﻷا- —
ﻢﻴهﺎ�ﻔﻤﻟا ءاﻮ�ﺘﺡإ ﻢﻋﺪﻟ اردﺎﻗ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺏ ﻪﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻰﻓ ىرادا مﺎﻈﻧ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻞه ﻞﺜﻣ) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ةرادإ ﻢﻈﻨﻟ ﺞﻀﻧ ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ —
.( ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا
ﻰ�ﻓ بﻮ�ﻠﻄﻤﻟا ﻊ�ﺽﻮﻟاو ﻰﻟﺎ�ﺤﻟا ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻊ�ﻗﻮﻣ ﻞ�ﺜﻣ ﻞ�ﻣاﻮﻋ ﺔﻄ�ﺳاﻮﺏ ﺎهﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ ﻢﺕ ﺎﻤآ ، ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻟا بﻮﻴﻌﻟاو تاﺰﻴﻤﻤﻟا —
و ﺔﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻹا ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟوو ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا تﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟاو ﺔﻌﻤﺴﻟاو ، قﻮﺴﻟا
ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻢﺠﺡ —
، ﺎﻬﺘﻄ�ﺸﻧﺄﺏ ﺔ�ﺻﺎﺨﻟا ةرﺎ�ﻀﻟا ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا رﺎ�ﺙﻵا ﻰ�ﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘ�ﻟا وأ ﺾﻴ�ﻔﺨﺕ وأ ﺐ�ﻨﺠﺘﻟ ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺪﻋﺎ�ﺴﻳ لﺎ�ﻌﻔﻟا ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ
ﺎ�ﻬﺏ مﺰ�ﺘﻠﺕ ﻰ�ﺘﻟا ى ﺮ�ﺧﻷا تﺎ�ﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣو ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺒﻄﺕ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻰﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻖﺏﺎﻄﺘﻟا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺕ ، ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ، ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ
. ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻸﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﺕو ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا
نأ ﺔﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻸﻟ ﺪآﺄﺕ نأ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ دﻮﺟو —
، ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘﺴﻣو ﺎﻬﻓاﺪهأو ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺎﻴﺴﺏ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا صﻮﺼﻨﻟا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ىرادأ ماﺰﺘﻟا ﺪﺟﻮﻳ —
، ﻊﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻞﺡاﺮﻣ ﻊﺽو ﻢﺕ —
، ﻦﻴﻧاﻮﻘﻠﻟ ﻖﺏﺎﻄﻣو ﺔﻟﻮﻘﻌﻣ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻋ وذ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺕ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ —
. ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳ مﺎﻈﻨﻟا ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺕ —
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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نﻮ�ﻜﻳ ﻰ�ﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎ�ﻈﻧ ىرادﻻا ﺎ�ﻬﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻤ�ﻀﺘﻳ ﻰ�ﺘﻟا ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا . ﻰ�ﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎ�ﻈﻧ ﺬ�ﻴﻔﻨﺕ ﻦ�ﻣ ﺔﻳدﺎ�ﺼﺘﻗا ﺪ�ﺉاﻮﻓ ﺐﺴآ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ
ﺢﻴﺽﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺐﺳﺎﻜﻤﻟا ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺕ ﺎﻀﻳأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳو . ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻاو ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا تﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘهﻻا ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺕو ﺔﻟدﺎﻌﻤﻟ ﻞﻤﻋ رﺎﻃإ ﺎهﺪﻨﻋ
فاﺪ��هﻷا ﻂﺏﺮ� ضﺮﻐﻟﺎ��ﻟ ةﺄ��ﺏ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻳدﺎ��ﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺐ��ﺳﺎﻜﻤﻟا ﺎ��ﻀﻳأ ﺪ��ﻤﻳو . ةﺄ��ﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ىﻮ� ﻰ��ﻗ �ﺌﻴﺏمﺎ��ﻈﻧ ﺔ��ﻤﻴﻗ ﺔ��ﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮ��ﻃﻺﻟ
ﻼ� ﻰ�ﻓ�آ ﺮ�ﺒآﻷا ﺐ�ﺴﻜﻤﻟا ﺮﻓﻮ�ﺕ ﺎ�ﻤﺜﻴﺡ ﺔ�ﺡﺎﺘﻣ ﺎ��ﻬﻠﻌﺠﻟ ردﺎ�ﺼﻤﻟا نأ ﺪ�ﻴآﺄﺘﻟو ﺔ�ﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﺔ�ﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا ﺞﺉﺎ�ﺘﻨﻟﺎﺏ ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا تﺎﻓﺪﻬﺘ�ﺴﻤﻟاو
. ﻰﻟﺎﻤﻟاو ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻦﻴﻋﻮﺽﻮﻤﻟا
.ﺔﺤﺽاو ﻪﻴﺴﻓﺎﻨﺕ ﺎﻳاﺰﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻧ ﺬﻔﻨﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا
: ﻞﻤﺸﺕ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻰﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ مﺎﻈﻨﺏ ﺔﻄﺒﺕﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻠﻤﺘﺤﻤﻟا ﺪﺉاﻮﻔﻟ نﺈﻓ ، ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟ ﻪﻓﺎﺽﻻﺎﺏ
، ﺔﺤﺽﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹﺎﺏ ماﺰﺘﻟﻻﺎﺏ ءﻼﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺪﻴآﺄﺘﻟا —
، ةﺪﻴﺟ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺘﺠﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻋ تﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا —
، لﺎﻤﻟا سأﺮﻟ لﻮﺻﻮﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕو رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا ﺮﻴﻳﺎﻌﻣ ءﺎﺽرإ —
، ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺘﺏ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺕ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا —
، قﻮﺴﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺔآرﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﺔﺼﺡو ةرﻮﺻ ﺰﻳﺰﻌﺕ —
، ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺘﻟا ﻰﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ —
، ﺔﻴﻟﻮﻌﻤﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺮﺙﺆﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا ثاﺪﺡﻹا ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺕ —
، ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاو تﻼﺧﺪﻤﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا —
، ﻢﻬﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺕو تﺎﻀﻳﻮﻔﺘﻟاو تﺎﺡﺎﻤﺴﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺕ —
، ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺏﺎﻴﻧ وأ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻞﻤﻌﺕ ﻰﺘﻟا صﺎﺨﺵﻷا ﻊﻴﻤﺟو ، ﻦﻴﻟوﺎﻘﻤﻟا ، ﻦﻳدرﻮﻤﻟا ىﺪﻟ ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻰﻋﻮﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺕ —
و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻠﻟ لﻮﻠﺤﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺔآرﺎﺸﻤﻟاو ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺕ —
. ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟاو ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟا ﻦﻴﺏ تﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ —
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
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ﺔﻤﻋاﺪﻟا ﻢﻈﻨﻟا تﺎﻴﻨﻘﺕو ،ءىدﺎﺒﻤﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻡﺎﻋ تادﺎﺵرإ – ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻢﻈﻥ
لﺎﺠﻤﻟا 1
ةرادإ مﺎ�ﻈﻧ ﻦﻴ�ﺏ و ﺎ�ﻬﻨﻴﺏ ﺎ�ﻤﻴﻓ ﻖﻴ�ﺴﻨﺘﻟا و ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺮﻳﻮ�ﻄﺕ و ﺔﻧﺎﻴ�ﺻ و ﺬ�ﻴﻔﻨﺕ و ﺔﻣﺎﻗﻹ تادﺎﺵرإ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﺮﻓﻮﺕ
. يﺮﺧأ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ
ﺎﻣﺪ�ﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﻤ�ﻀﺕ ﻦ�ﻜﻤﻳ ﺎ�ﻬﻧأ ّﻻإ ،ﺔ�ﻴﻨﻬﻤﻟا ﺔﺤ�ﺼﻟا و ﺔ ﻣﻼ�ﺴﻟا ﻞﺉﺎ�ﺴﻣ ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟا ﺮﻳﺪ�ﺕ نأ فﺪﻬﺘﺴﻳ ﻻ يﺬﻟا ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻲﻓ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
. ﺔﻴﻨﻬﻤﻟا ﺔﺤﺼﻟا و ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟا و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻺﻟ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻜﺘﻣ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺕ ﻲﻟإ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻌﺴﺕ
يﻮﺘ�ﺴﻣ وأ ﺎ�ﻬﻌﻗﻮﻣ وأ ﺎ�ﻬﻋﻮﻧ وأ ﺎ�ﻬﻤﺠﺡ ﻦ�ﻋ ﺮ�ﻈﻨﻟا فﺮ�ﺼﺏ ةﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺔّﻳأ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀﺘﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا تادﺎﺵرﻹا يﺮﺴﺕ و
. ﺎﻬﺠﻀﻧ
ﺮﻓﻮ� نأ�ﺕ ﺪ��ﺼﻘﻳ ﻻ ﺎ��ﻬﻧأ ﻻإ ،14001 وﺰ� ﻲ�� ﻳأﺔ��ﻓ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ��ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ جذﻮ� �ﻤﻧﻊ� ﺔﻔ��ﻣ�ﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬ� ﻖ��ه�ﻓاﻮﺘﺕ يﺬ� ﺖ���ﻟا ﻲ�ﻗﻮ ﻟوا�ﻓ
. 14001 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟ تاﺮﻴﺴﻔﺕ
ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا 2
(14004:1996 وﺰﻳأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺏﺎﺴﻟا راﺪﺻﻹا ) ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻤﻟا ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻨﺒﻟا اﺬه ءﺎﺟ و ، ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﻗ ﻊﺟاﺮﻣ كﺎﻨه ﺲﻴﻟ
ﻒیرﺎﻌﺘﻟاو تارﺎﺒﻌﻟا 3
: ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا تﺎﻔﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟا و تارﺎﺒﻌﻟا ﻖﺒﻄﺕ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ضاﺮﻏﻷ
1.3
ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا
. ﻖﻴﻗﺪﺘﻟا ةﺮﺵﺎﺒﻤﻟ ﻞهﺆﻤﻟا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﻮه
[ 9.9.3 ﺪﻨﺒﻟا 9000:2000 وﺰﻳأ ]
2.3
ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا
ﻖﻓاﻮﺘﻟﺎﺏ (11.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﻲﻠﻜﻟا ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻲﻓ تﺎﻨﻴﺴﺤﺕ ثاﺪﺡإ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ( 9.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻢﻈﻧ ﺰﻳﺰﻌﺘﻟ ةﺮﺕاﻮﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا
. (20.3 ﺪﻨﺏ) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ (13.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻊﻣ
. طﺎﺸﻨﻟا تﻻﺎﺠﻣ ﺔﻓﺎآ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻣاﺰﺘﻣ ﺔﺟﺎﺡ كﺎﻨه ﺖﺴﻴﻟ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 2.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
3.3
ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟا
(18.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻣ مﺪﻋ ﺔﻟازﻹ ﺬﺨﺘﻤﻟا ءاﺮﺟﻹا
6.6.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 9000:2000 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺴﺒﺘﻘﻣ ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
1
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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4.3
ﻲﺤﻴﺤﺼﺕ ءاﺮﺟإ
(18.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻣ مﺪﻋ بﺎﺒﺳأ ﺔﻟازﻹ ﺬﺨﺘﻤﻟا ءاﺮﺟﻹا
[ 3.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
5.3
ﺔﻘﻴﺙو
ﻢﻋاﺪﻟا ﺎﻬﻄﻴﺳو و ﺔﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
ﺔ�ﻨﻴﻋ وأ ﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻏﻮﺕﻮﻓ ةرﻮﺻ ، ﻲ ﺉﻮﺽ وأ ﻲﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟإ وأ ﻲﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻣ بﻮﺳﺎﺡ صﺮﻗ وأ قرو ﻂﻴﺳﻮﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ :1 ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
. مﺪﻘﺕ ﺎﻤﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻜﺸﺕ وأ ، ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺉر
2.7.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 9000:2000 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺴﺒﺘﻘﻣ :2 ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 4.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
6.3
ﺔﺌﻴﺑ
تﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟا و ، ﺔﻴﺕﺎﺒﻨﻟا تﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟا و ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا دراﻮﻤﻟا و ضرﻷا و ءﺎﻤﻟا و ءاﻮﻬﻟا ﻼﻣﺎﺵ ، ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﺏ ﻞﻤﻌﺕ يﺬﻟا ﻂﻴﺤﻤﻟا
. ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ و ﺮﺸﺒﻟا و ﺔﻴﻧاﻮﻴﺤﻟا
. ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻟإ (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻦﻣ يﻮﺘﺤﻴﻟ دﺪﺼﻟا اﺬه ﻲﻓ ﻂﻴﺤﻤﻟا ﺪﺘﻤﻳ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 5.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
7.3
ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺮّﺙﺆﻤﻟا
(6.3 ﺪﻨﺏ) ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺎﺏ ﺮّﺙﺄﺘﻳ وأ ﺮﺙﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺧ وأ تﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ وأ ﺔﻄﺸﻧأ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ
(8.3 ﺪﻨﺏ ) ﺎﺳﻮﻤﻠﻣ ﺎﻴﺌﻴﺏ اﺮﺙأ ﻪﻟ نﻮﻜﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ وأ ﻦّﻴﺒﻟا ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺮﺙﺆﻤﻠﻟ نﻮﻜﻳ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 6.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
8.3
ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺮﺙﻷا
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا (7.3) تاﺮﺙﺆﻡ ﻦﻋ ﺪّﻟﻮﺘﻳ ،ﺎﻴﺉﺰﺟ وأ ﺎﻴﻠآ ، اﺪﻴﻔﻣ نﺎآ وأ ﺎﺴآﺎﻌﻣ نﺎآ ءاﻮﺳ (6.3) ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺕ يأ
[ 7.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
9.3
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ
. (7.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺕاﺮﺙﺆﻣ ﺮﻳﺪﺕ و (13.3 ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺕ و ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﺕ (20.3 ) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ءﺰﺟ
ضاﺮﻏﻷا ﻚﻠﺕ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺕ و ضاﺮﻏﻷا و ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼﻟ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﺕ ﺔﻄﺏاﺮﺘﻤﻟا ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻣﺰﺡ ﻲه ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ :1 ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
و ( 23.3 ) قﺮ�� و ﻄﻟاتاﺮ��ﺒﺨﻟا و تﺎﻴﻟﻮﺌ�� وﺴﻤﻟا ﻂﻴ��ﻄﺨﺘﻟا ﺔﻄ�� و ﺸﻧأﺔ��ﻴﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔ��ﻴﻨﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ��ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻤ��ﻀﺘﺕ : 2 ﺔ��ﻈﺡﻼﻣ
. دراﻮﻤﻟا و تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا
[ 8.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
10.3
ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ضﺮﻐﻟا
. ﻪﻏﻮﻠﺏ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﻌﻀﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا (13.3 ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻖﻓاﻮﺘﻤﻟا ، ﻲﻠﻜﻟا ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا فﺪﻬﻟا
[ 9.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
2
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
11.3
ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا
(7.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺕاﺮﺙﺆﻤﻟ (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ةرادﻹ سﺎﻴﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺏﺎﻘﻟا ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻨﻟا
و (20.3) ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ (13.3) ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔ�ﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻲ�ﻟإ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺏ ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻨﻟا سﺎﻴﻗ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ (9.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻲﻓ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
. ىﺮﺧﻷا ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ و (14.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا فاﺪهﻸﻟ و (10.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ضاﺮﻏﻸﻟ
[ 10.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
12.3
EPI ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﺮﺵﺆﻡ
(20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ (11.3) ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻦﻋ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻓﻮﻳ ﻦّﻴﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺕ
[ 10.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14030:1999 وﺰﻳأ]
13.3
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا
. ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺖﺏﺮﻋأ ﺎﻤﻟ ﺎﻘﺒﻃ (11.3) ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺉادﺄﺑ ﺔﻠﺼﻟا تاذ (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﻬﺟﻮﺘﻟا و ﺎﻳاﻮﻨﻟا
(14.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا فاﺪهﻷا و (10.3) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ضاﺮﻏﻷا ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼﻟ و ءادﻸﻟ ارﺎﻃإ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﺮﻓﻮﺕ ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 11.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
14.3
ﻰﺌﻴﺒﻟا فﺪﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟا
(10.3) ﺔ���ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ضاﺮ���ﻏﻷا ﻦ� ��ﻣﺄ���ﺸﻨﺕ ﻰ���ﺘﻟاو ،فاﺮ���ﻃﻷا وأ (20.3) ةﺄ���ﺸﻨﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻖ���ﻴﺒﻄﺘﻠﻟ ﻞ���ﺏﺎﻘﻟا ، ﻰﻠﻴ���ﺼﻔﺘﻟا ءادﻷا ﺐ���ﻠﻄﺘﻳ
.ضاﺮﻏﻻا ﻩﺬه ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺕ ﻞﺏﺎﻘﺕو ةدﻮﺟﻮﻣ نﻮﻜﺕ نأ بﻮﻠﻄﻤﻟاو
[ 12.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
15.3
ﻲﻨﻌﻤﻟا فﺮﻄﻟا
(20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟ (11.3) ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷﺎﺑ ﺮّﺙﺄﺘﻤﻟا وأ ﻲﻨﻌﻤﻟا ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟا وأ ﺺﺨﺸﻟا
[ 13.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
16.3
ﻰﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﻖﻴﻗﺪﺘﻟا
ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻖﻴﻗﺪ�ﺘﻟ تاﺮ�ﺵﺆﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺕ يﺪﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ ﺎﻴﻋﻮﺽﻮﻣ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻴﻘﺕ و ﺔﻴﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﺔّﻟدأ ﻲﻟإ ﻞﺻﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻘّﺙﻮﻣ و ةﺪﻳﺎﺤﻣ و ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
(20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺽو ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا
ﻦ�ﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌ�ﺴﻤﻟا ﻦ�ﻣ رﺮﺤﺘﻟﺎ�ﺏ ةﺪ�ﻴﺤﻟا ﺮ�ﺵﺎﺒﺕ ﺮﻐ�ﺻﻷا تﺎﺌ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻲ�ﻓ صﻮ�ﺼﺨﻟا ﻪ�ﺟو ﻲ�ﻠﻋ و تﻻﺎ�ﺤﻟا ﻦ�ﻣ ﺮ�ﻴﺜآ ﻲ�ﻓ :ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
. ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺽﺎﺨﻟا طﺎﺸﻨﻟا
[ 14.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
17.3
MPI يرادﻹا ءادﻷا ﺮﺵﺆﻡ
. (20.3) ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ (11.3) ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻲﻠﻋ ﺮﻴﺙﺄﺘﻠﻟ ةرادﻹا دﻮﻬﺟ لﻮﺡ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻓﻮﻳ يﺬﻟا (12.3) يرادﻹا ءادﻷا ﺮﺵﺆﻣ
[ 1.10.2 ﺪﻨﺏ 14030:1999 وﺰﻳأ]
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
3
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
18.3
ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺘﻟا مﺪﻋ
. ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﺔﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ
[ 2.6.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 9000:2000 وﺰﻳأ]
19.3
OPI ﻲﻠﻴﻐﺸﺕ ءادأ ﺮﺵﺆﻡ
.(20.3 ) ةﺄﺸﻨﻡ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ (11.3) ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا لﻮﺡ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻓﻮﻳ (12.3 ) ﻲﻠﻴﻐﺸﺕ ءادأ ﺮﺵﺆﻡ
[2.10.2 ﺪﻨﺏ 14031:1999 وﺰﻳأ]
20.3
ةﺄﺸﻨﻡ
و ، صﺎ�ﺧ وأ مﺎ�ﻋ عﺎ�ﻄﻗ ، ﻻ مأ ةﺪ�ﺤﺘﻣ ﺖﻧﺎآ ءاﻮﺳ ، ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻜﺸﺕ وأ ءﺰﺟ وأ ، ﺪﻬﻌﻣ وأ ﺔﺌﻴه وأ ﻊﻨﺼﻣ وأ ، ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ وأ ﺔآﺮﺵ
. ﺔﻴﺕاﺬﻟا ﺎﻬﺕرادإ و ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻬﻣ ﺎﻬﻟ نﻮﻜﺕ
. ةﺄﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﻬﻧأ ﻲﻠﻋ ةﺪﺡو ﻞآ فّﺮﻌﺕ ، ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺕ ةﺪﺡو ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜآأ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺌﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺏ : ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 16.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
21.3
ﻲﺉﺎﻗﻮﻟا ءاﺮﺟﻹا
.(18.3)ﻞﻤﺘﺤﻡ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺕ دﺪﻋ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺔﻟازﻹ ءاﺮﺟإ
[ 17.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
22.3
ثﻮﻠﺘﻟا ﻊﻨﻡ
وأ ﺐ�ﺠﺘﻟ�ﻨ ، ( ﺔ��ﻌّ وأﻤﺠﻣ ةدﺮ��ﻔﻨﻣ ) ﺔ��ﻗﺎﻄﻟا وأ تﺎﻣﺪ�� وأﺨﻟا تﺎ��ﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا وأ داﻮ��ﻤﻟا وأ تﺎ��ﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟا وأ تاﺮ��ﺒﺨﻟا وأ تﺎ�� ﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟاماﺪﺨﺘ��ﺳإ
ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا رﺎ�ﺙﻵا ﻦ�ﻣ لﻼ�ﻗﻹا ﻞ�ﺟأ ﻦ�ﻣ تﺎ�ﻔﻠﺨﻤﻟا وأ تﺎ�ﺙﻮﻠﻤﻟا ﻦ�ﻣ عﻮﻧ يأ ﻒﻳﺮﺼﺕ وأ ثﺎﻌﺒﻧا وأ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺕ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻠﻟ وأ ﻦﻣ لﻼﻗﻺﻟ
.ةرﺎﻀﻟا (8.3)
و ، ﺔ��ﻣﺪﺨﻟا وأ ﺞﺘ�� ﻲ�ﻨﻤﻟا �ﻓتاﺮ��ﻴﻐﺘﻟا وأ ، ﺔ��ﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻊ� �ﻨﻣوأ رﺪ�� ﺼﻤﻟاﻦ� ﺪ��ﻣ�ﺤﻟا ثﻮ��ﻠﺘﻟا ﻊ� �ﻨﻣﻦﻤ��ﻀﺘﻳ نأ ﻦ��ﻜﻤﻳ : ﺔ��ﻈﺡﻼﻣ
و ، ﺮﻳوﺪ�ﺘﻟا ةدﺎ�ﻋإ و ، دادﺮﺘ�ﺳﻻا و ، ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا ةدﺎﻋإ و ، عﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﻻا و ، ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا و داﻮﻤﻟا ﻞﺉاﺪﺏ و ، دراﻮﻤﻠﻟ ء ﻒﻜﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا
. ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻤﻟا
[ 18.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
23.3
ءاﺮﺟﻹا
. ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ وأ طﺎﺸﻧ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤﻟا ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟاا
. ﺔﻘﺙﻮﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ وأ ﺔﻘﺙﻮﻣ قﺮﻄﻟا نﻮﻜﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ :1 ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
5.4.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 2000 : 9000 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺴﺒﺘﻘﻣ :2 ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 19.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
24.3
ﻞﺠﺴﻟا
. ةادﺆﻤﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷا ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﻻﺪﻟا مﺪﻘﺕ وأ ﺔﻘﻘﺤﻤﻟا ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻨﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺕ (5.3) ﺔﻘﻴﺙو
6.7.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 2000 : 9000 وﺰﻳأ ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺴﺒﺘﻘﻣ ﺔﻈﺡﻼﻣ
[ 20.3 ﺪﻨﺏ 14001:2004 وﺰﻳأ]
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
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ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ 4
مﺎﻋ 1.4
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ جذﻮﻤﻥ 1.1.4
. (ﺬّﻔﻧ -ﺺﺤﻓأ -ﻞﻌﻓأ -ﻂﻴﻄﺧ) (PDCA) ةرادﻹا جذﻮﻤﻧ ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠّﺼﻔﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻊﺒﺘﺕ
تﺎ�ﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا ﻦ�ﻣ ﺪ�ﻳﺰﻤﻠﻟو ﺮﻤﺘ�ﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴ�ﺴﺤﺘﻠﻟ تﺎ�ﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟاو ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ جذﻮﻤﻧ 1 ﻢﻗر ﻞﻜﺸﻟا ضﺮﻌﻳ و
.ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ جذﻮﻤﻧ – ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﺔﻧوﺎﻌﻤﻟا ﺮﻈﻧأ (PDCA) جذﻮﻤﻨﻟا ﻦﻋ
ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻡ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا
ةرادﻹا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻡ
ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟا
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟاو ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟا
ﺺﺤﻔﻟا
ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔﻔﺻاﻮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ جذﻮﻤﻥ – 1 ﻢﻗر ﻞﻜﺵ
ﻪ�ﻴﺟﻮﺕ ﻲ�ﻠﻋ لﻮ�ﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺎ�ﻳرود ﻊ�ﺟاﺮﻳ و راﺮﻤﺘ�ﺳﺎﺏ ﻪ�ﺘﺒﻗاﺮ ﻣ ﻢﺘ�ﻳ ﻲﻤﻴﻈﻨﺕ ﻞﻜﻴﻬآ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ضﺮﻋ ﻞﻀﻓﻷا ﻦﻣ
ﻞ�ﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌ�ﺴﻤﻟا ﻢﻴ�ﻈﻨﺘﻟا تﺎﻳﻮﺘ�ﺴﻣ ﻞآ ﻞﺒﻘﺕ نأ ﻦﻴﻌﺘﻳ و . ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺧ و ﺔﻴﻠﺧاد ةﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻲﺒﻠﺕ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادﻹ لﺎّﻌﻓ
. ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻠﻟ ﺎﻌﺒﺕ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ تﺎﻨﻴﺴﺤﺕ غﻮﻠﺏ ﻲﻠﻋ
ﻞﻴﺒ�ﺳ ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ، ﺔ�ّﻴﻠﺟ ﻊﻓﺎ�ﻨﻣ وﺪ�ﺒﺕ ﺚ�ﻴﺡ ﻦ�ﻣ ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا أﺪ�ﺒﺕ ن أ ﻦﻴ�ﻌﺘﻳ ، ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ءﺎﺳرإ ﻲﻓ عوﺮﺸﻟا ﺪﻨﻋو
.ﺔﻳﺮهﻮﺟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟ سﺎﺳﻷا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺏﻮﺴﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻈﻨﺕ تﺎﻘﻓاﻮﺕ وأ ، ﻒﻴﻟﺎﻜﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ ةﺮﺵﺎﺒﻣ تارﻮﻓو ﻲﻠﻋ ﺰﻴآﺮﺘﻟﺎﺏ لﺎﺜﻤﻟا
ﺪ�ﻳﺰﻤﻠﻟ ﺎ�ﻬﺘﻧﺎﻜﻣ لﻼﺘ�ﺡا ﻲ�ﻓ تﺎ�ﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟا و ﺞﻣاﺮﺒﻟا و قﺮﻄﻟا ﻪﺠﺘﺕ ، ﻞّﻜﺸﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺄﻴﻬﺘﺕ ﺎﻣ رﺪﻗ ﻲﻠﻋ و
. طﺎﺸﻨﻟا تاراﺮﻗ ﻞآ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا تارﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻا ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺘﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ، ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟ ةرادﻹا مﺎﻈﻧ ﺞﻀﻧ ﻊﻣ و . ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ ﻦﻣ
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
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ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ جذﻮﻤﻥ – ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻥوﺎﻌﻡ
ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ةﺪ�ﻤﺘﻌﻣ(2.4 ﺮ�ﻈﻧأ) ﺔ�ﻴ ﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺘ�ﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺔﻧﺎﻴ�ﺻ و ﺬ�ﻴﻔﻨﺕ و ﺔ�ﻣﺎﻗإ ﻦ�ﻣ ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻣ ﻦّﻜﻤﺕ ةرﺮﻜﺘﻣ و ﺔﻠﺻاﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ (PDCA)
ﺔﺒ�ﺴﻨﻟﺎﺏ ﻦهاﺮ�ﻟا ﺎ�ﻬﻔﻗﻮﻣ ﻢﻴ�ﻴﻘﺕ ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻢﺘ�ﺕ نأ ﺪ�ﻌﺏ و . (2.1.4 ﺮ�ﻈﻧأ ) ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﺏ ﺎ�ﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ماﺰ�ﺘﻟا و ةدﺎﻴﻗ
: ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﻪﺟﻮﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻳرﺎﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻠﻟ تاﻮﻄﺨﻟا نﻮﻜﺕ ( 4.1.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻠﻟ
: ﻲﻜﻟ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻦﻜﻤﺕ (3.4ﺮﻈﻧأ) ﺔﻠﺻاﻮﺘﻣ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺕ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢﻗأ : (Plan) ﻂﻄﺧ .أ
(1.3.4ﺮﻈﻧأ) ﺔﺒﺡﺎﺼﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا رﺎﺙﻵا و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا دﺪﺤﺕ (1
ﻲﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ءادﻷا ﺺﺉﺎﺼﺧ ءﺎﺳرإ و ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ كرﺎﺸﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا ىﺮﺧﻷا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا و ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﺐﻗاﺮﺕ و دﺪﺤﺕ (2
ﺎﻤﺉﻼﻣ ﻚﻟذ نﺎآ ﺎﻤﻠآ
(2.3.3.4 و 1.3.3.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺎﻬﻏﻮﻠﺒﻟ ( ﺞﻣاﺮﺒﻟا ) ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟا ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺻ و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا فاﺪهﻷا و ضاﺮﻏﻷا ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ (3
(3.3.3.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ءادﻷا تاﺮﺵﺆﻣ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا و ﻊﺽو (4
(4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻞّﻐﺵ و ﺬﻔﻧ : (Do) ﺬﻔﻥ .ب
. ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜﻟا تﺎﻄﻠﺴﻟﺎﺏ تﺎﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻤﻟا و راودﻷا عّزو و ، ﺔﻳرادإ ﻞآﺎﻴه ﺊﺸﻧأ (1
. ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜﻟا دراﻮﻤﻟا ﺮّﻓو (2
(2.4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﻢﻬﺕراﺪﺟ و ﻢﻬﻴﻋو ﻦﻣ ﺪآﺄﺕ و ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺏﺎﻴﻨﻟﺎﺏ وأ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻦﻴﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟا داﺮﻓﻷا بّرد (3
(3.4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا و ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا تﻻﺎﺼﺕﻼﻟ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢﻗأ (4
( 4.4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) . ﻖﻴﺙﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻜﺘﻣ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﺻ و ﻢﻗأ (5
( 5.4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ). ﻖﻴﺙﻮﺘﻠﻟ ( تﺎﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ) ﺔﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺬّﻔﻧ و ﻢﻗأ (6
(6.4.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ( تﺎﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ) ﺔﺏﺎﻗر ﻦﺻ و ﻢﻗأ (7
( 5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﺏﺎﺠﺘﺳﻻا ﺔﻋﺮﺳ و ﺮﻃﺎﺨﻤﻟا ﻲﻗﻮﺕ ﻦﻣ ﺪآﺄﺕ (8
(5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢّﻴﻗ :(Check) ﺺﺤﻓإ .ج
(1.5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ سﺎﻴﻗ و ﺔﺏﺎﻗر ﺮﺵﺎﺏ (1
(2.5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻤﻟا ﻊﺽو ﻢّﻴﻗ (2
(3.5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ) ﺔﻴﺉﺎﻗو و ﺔﻴﺤﻴﺤﺼﺕ تاءاﺮﺟإ ﺬﺨﺕا و ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻤﻟا مﺪﻋ ﻦّﻴﺒﺕ (3
( 4.5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) تﻼﺠﺴﻟا ﻂﺒﺽا (4
( 5.5.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻳرود ﺔﻴﻠﺧاد تﺎﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺮﺵﺎﺏ (5
(6.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟ فّﺮﺼﺕ و ﻊﺟار : (Act ) ﺬﻔﻥ .د
(1.6.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ تاﺮﺘﻓ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟ ﺔﻳرادإ تﺎﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺮﺵﺎﺏ (1
( 2.6.4 ﺮﻈﻧأ ) ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ دﺪﺡ (2
. ﻲﻠﻜﻟا ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎهءادأ و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺕرادإ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺘﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ةﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻦﻜﻤﺕ
ﺎﻬﺕدﺎﻴﻗ و ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ماﺰﺘﻟا 2.1.4
ةرادﻹا ﻦﻣ ماﺰﺘﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟﺎﺏ ، ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺕ وأ ﺔﻣﺎﻗإ ﺪﻨﻋ ةﺮﻜﺒﻣ ةﻮﻄﺧ ﺬﺧأ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻳ ، حﺎﺠﻨﻟا نﺎﻤﻀﻟ
ﺎ�ﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ةدﺎ�ﻴﻗ و ﺮﻤﺘ�ﺴﻤﻟا ماﺰ�ﺘﻟﻻا ﺮ�ﺒﺘﻌﻳ و . ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪ�ﺧ و ﺎ�ﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ و ﺎﻬﺘﻄ�ﺸﻧﻷ ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻦﻴ�ﺴﺤﺘﺏ ،ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻟا
و ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﻬﺒﻠﺠﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺎﻳاﺰﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒﺕ ، ﺎﻬﺕدﺎﻴﻗ و ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ماﺰﺘﻟا ﻦﻣﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ و . ﺎﻤﺳﺎﺡ اﺮﻣأ
. ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟا ﻚﻠﺕ ﺎﻬﺒﻨﺠﺘﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻡﻮﻈﻨﻡ لﺎﺠﻡ 3.1.4
ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا دوﺪ�ﺡ د ﺪ�ﺤﺕ نأ ﺎ�ﻴﻠﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ﻲ�ﻐﺒﻨﻳ ﻪ�ﻧأ ﻲ�ﻨﻌﻤﺏ . ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ لﺎﺠﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ ﻲﻟإ ةرادﻹا جﺎﺘﺤﺕ
و ﺔﻄ��ﺸﻧﻷا ﻞ� ﻦﻴﻤ��آ �ﻀﺕ ﻢﺘ� ﺔ��ﻳ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔ��ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟا لﺎ��ﺠﻣ ﺪ��ﻳﺪﺤﺕ دﺮ��ﺠﻤﺏ و . ﺔ��ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ��ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺎ��ﻬﻴﻠﻋ يﺮ��ﺴﺕ نأ ﻦﻴ�� ﻲ�ﻌﺘﻳ�ﺘﻟا
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ دﺪﺤﻤﻟا لﺎﺠﻤﻟا رﺎﻃإ ﻞﺧاد ﻊﻘﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟا و تﺎﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا
ﺔﻴﻟوﻷا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا 4.1.4
و . ﺔ�ﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ءاﺮﺟﺈ�ﺏ ﺎ�ﻴﺌﻴﺏ ﺔﻳرﺎ�ﺴﻟا ﺎﻬﻋﺎ�ﺽوأ ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺕ ﻲﻓ أﺪﺒﺕ نأ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﻬآﻼﺘﻣا ﻲﻟإ ﺮﻘﺘﻔﺕ ﻲﺘﻟ ا ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ﻦﻴﻌﺘﻳ
ﺎ�ﻬﺕرادإ ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺔ�ﻣﺎﻗﻹ سﺎ�ﺳﺄآ ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪ�ﺧ و ﺎ�ﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ و ، ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا ﺪﺻر ﻮه ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬه ﻦﻣ فﺪﻬﻟا
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا
نأ ﻦ��ﻜﻤﻳ ﺔ��ﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻩﺬ� نأ� ﻦ�ه ﻢﻏﺮ��ﻣ ﻲ��ﻟا �ﻠﻋ، ﺔ��ﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻚ� ﻞ��ﻠﺕ�ﺜﻤﻟ ﺔ��ﻴﺌﻴﺏ ةرادإ ﺔ� ﻮﻈﻨﻣ�ﻣ ﻚ��ﻠﺘﻤﺕ ﻲ� �ﺘﻟاتﺎﺌ��ﺸﻨﻤﻟا جﺎ�� ﻦ�ﺘﺤﺕ و�ﻟ
. ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺕرادإ ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺕ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻧوﺎﻌﺕ
: ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻤآﺎﺤﻟا ﻊﺏرﻷا تﺎﺡﺎﺴﻤﻟا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻲﻄﻐﺕ نأ ﻦﻴﻌﺘﻳ و
ءﺪ� ﺔﻠﻣﺎ��ﺏ �ﺵﺔ��ﻳدﺎﻌﻟا ﺮ��ﻴﻏ فوﺮ��ﻈﻟا و ، ﺔ��ﻳدﺎﻌﻟا ﻞﻴﻐ��ﺸﺘﻟا فوﺮ� �ﻇﺐﺡﺎ��ﺼﺕ ﻲ� �ﺘﻟاﻚ� ﺔﻠﻣﺎ��ﻠﺕ �ﺵ، ﺔ��ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺐ��ﻧاﻮﺠﻟا ﺪ��ﻳﺪﺤﺕ .أ
. ثداﻮﺤﻟا و ئراﻮﻄﻟا لاﻮﺡأ و ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻟا و ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا
. ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ مﺰﺘﻠﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎهﺮﻴﻏ و ﺔﻴﻌﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ .ب
. تاداﺪﻣﻹا و تاﺪﻗﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺄﺏ ﺔﺒﺡﺎﺼﻤﻟا ﻚﻠﺕ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺵ ، ﺔﻨهاﺮﻟا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا تاءاﺮﺟإ و تاﺮﺒﺧ ﺺﺤﻓ .ج
. ﺔﻘﺏﺎﺴﻟا ثداﻮﺤﻟا و ئراﻮﻄﻟا عﺎﺽوأ ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺕ .د
: ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺽإ تارﺎﺒﺘﻋا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ و
مﺰ�ﺡ و ةﺮ�ﺒﺨﻟا ﻖ�ﻴﺙاﻮﻣ و ﺢﺉاﻮ�ﻠﻟا و ، ﺔ�ﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا تﺎﻔ�ﺻاﻮﻤﻟا و ، ﺔ�ﻘﺒﻄﻤﻟا ﺔ�ﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﺺﺉﺎ�ﺼﺨﻟﺎﺏ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻤﻟﺎﺏ ءادﻷا ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺕ —
.ﺔّﻟدﻷا و ئدﺎﺒﻤﻟا
. ﻒﻴﻟﺎﻜﺘﻟا ﺾﻴﻔﺨﺕ صﺮﻓ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺵ ، ﺔﻴﺴﻓﺎﻨﺘﻟا ﺎﻳاﺰﻤﻟا صﺮﻓ —
. ﺔﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻷا ﺮﻈﻧ تﺎﻬﺟو —
. ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا ﻦﻣ قّﻮﻌﺕ وأ زﺰﻌﺕ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟا ىﺮﺧﻷا ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا —
ﺎﻬﺘ�ﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺰ�ﻳﺰﻌﺕ وأ ﺮﻳﻮ�ﻄﺕ و ، ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ لﺎ�ﺠﻣ ءﺎ�ﺳرإ ﻲﻓ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻧوﺎﻌﻤﻟ ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻧ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻳ و
، ﺔﻴﻌﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻤﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻲﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻬﺟﻮﺕ ﺔﻴ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺕ و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﻓاﺪهأ و ﺎﻬﺽاﺮﻏأ ءﺎﺳرإ و ، ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا
. ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ مﺰﺘﻠﺕ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎهﺮﻴﻏ و
Official translation - ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا
7
ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ © ISO 14004:2004
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(ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا) ISO 14004:2004وﺰﻳأ
ﺔﻴﻟوﻷا ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا – ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻥوﺎﻌﻡ
: ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻺﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟا قﺮﻄﻟا و تاﺮﺒﺨﻟا ﺺﺤﻔﻟ ﺎﻬﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟا قﺮﻄﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺕ
ﺎﻘﺏﺎﺳ ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ و ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا طﺎﺸﻧ لﺎﺠﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا بﺎﺴﺤﻟ وأ ﺎﻴﻟﺎﺡ وأ ﺎﻘﺏﺎﺳ ﻦﻴﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟا داﺮﻓﻷا ﻊﻣ تﻼﺏﺎﻘﻣ .أ
. ﺎﻴﻟﺎﺡ و
تاذ رﻮﻣﻷا و ىوﺎﻜﺸﻟا ﻼﻣﺎﺵ ، ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺎﺏ ﻦﻴﻴﻨﻌﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻷا ﻊﻣ تﺮﺟ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا و ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا تﻻﺎﺼﺕﻻا ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺕ .ب
. ﺔﻘﺏﺎﺴﻟا ثداﻮﺤﻟا و ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ثاﺪﺡﻷا و ، ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺎﻬﺏ ﺺﺘﺨﺕ يﺮﺧأ تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ وأ ﺔﻳرﺎﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﻌﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺼﻟا
: لﺎﺜﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻲﻠﻋ و ﺔﻳرﺎﺴﻟا ﺔﻳرادﻹا تاﺮﺒﺨﻟﺎﺏ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺕ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺕ .ج
ةﺮﻄﺧ تﺎﻳوﺎﻤﻴآ ءاﺮﺵ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟا -1
( ﺔﻘﺏﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ تﺎﻳوﺎﻤﻴآ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺕ ، ﺐﻴﺕﺮﺘﻟا ، ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺙ تﺎﺙﻮﻠﻣ لﺎﺜﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻲﻠﻋ ) تﺎﻳوﺎﻤﻴآ ﺔﻟوﺎﻨﻣ و ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺕ -2
. ةﺮﻳﺎﻄﺘﻣ تﺎﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧا ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟا -3
تﺎﻔﻠﺨﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟا قﺮﻃ -4
. ﺔﺤﻓﺎﻜﻤﻟا و ئراﻮﻄﻟا ﺔﻬﺟاﻮﻣ تاﺪﻌﻣ -5
( ﻞﻤﻌﻟا تﺎﻋﺎﺳ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺪﻌﺏ ﺐﺕﺎﻜﻤﻟا ءاﻮﺽأ كﺮﺕ لﺎﺜﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻲﻠﻋ ) دراﻮﻤﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا -6
. ﺪﻴﻴﺸﺘﻟا ءﺎﻨﺙأ ةﺎﻴﺤﻟا و ةﺮﻀﺨﻟا ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺡ -7
تﺎﻓﺮﺼﺕ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺮﺙﺆﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﺤﻤﻟا طﺎﻤﻧأ نارود ﻲﻓ تاﺮﻴﻐﺘﻟا لﺎﺜﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻲﻠﻋ ) تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺕﻮﻗﻮﻤﻟا تاﺮﻴﻐﺘﻟا -8
( ﺔﻴﺉﺎﻤﻟا يرﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻟإ تﺎﺒﺼﺨﻤﻟا
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺐﻳرﺪﺘﻟا ﺞﻣاﺮﺏ -9
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟا قﺮﻃ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ راﺮﻗإ و ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻣ -10
. ﺔﻴﺨﻳرﺎﺘﻟا تﻼﺠﺴﻟا عﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳا ﺮﺴﻳ وأ / و ﺔﺏﺎﻗﺮﻟا تﻼﺠﺳ ءﺎﻔﻴﺘﺳا -11
و ﺮﺵﺎﺒﻤﻟا ﺺﺤﻔﻟا و ، تﻼﺏﺎﻘﻤﻟا و ، تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺕ ﻂﺉاﺮﺧ و ، ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﻢﺉاﻮﻗ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺏ ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﺮﺵﺎﺒﺕ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ و
ﺎﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ و ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧأ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟ ﺎﻘﺒﻃ تﺎﻌﺟﺮﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎهﺮﻴﻏ وأ ﺔﻘﺏﺎﺴﻟا تﺎﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻧ و ، ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟا و ﺔﻘﺏﺎﺴﻟا تﺎﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟا
وأ ءﺎﺳرإ و لﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺻ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻤهﺎﺴﻣ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺏ ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﺞﺉﺎﺘﻧ ﻖّﺙﻮﺕ نأ ﻦﻴﻌﺘﻳ و . ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ و
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺵ ، ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺰﻳﺰﻌﺕ
ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا 2.4
فﻮ�ﺳ ﻲ�ﺘﻟا و ، ةﺄ�ﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻦ�ﻣ بﻮ�ﻠﻄﻤﻟا ﻲ�ﺌﻴﺒﻟا ءادﻷا و ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌ�ﺴﻤﻟا يﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻢﻴﻘﺕ و . ةﺄﺸﻨﻣ ءادأ ئدﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻲﺳﺮﺕ
ﺔﻄ�ﺸﻧﻷ ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا تاﺮﻴﺙﺄ�ﺘﻠﻟ ﺔ�ﻤﺉﻼﻣ ﺔ�ﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا نﻮ�ﻜﺕ نأ ﻦﻴ�ﻌﺘﻳ و . ﻚ�ﻟذ ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ﺔ�ﺒﺕﺮﺘﻤﻟا تاءاﺮ�ﺟﻹا ﻞ�آ ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ﺎ�ﻬﻴﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺏ ﻢﻜﺤﻳ
ضاﺮ�ﻏﻷا ﻊ�ﺽو ﺪ�ﺵﺮﺕ نأ ﻲ�ﻐﺒﻨﻳ و ( ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ةرادﻹا ﺔ�ﻣﻮﻈﻨﻤﻟ دﺪ�ﺤﻤﻟا لﺎ�ﺠﻤﻟا رﺎ�ﻃإ ﻲ�ﻓ ) ﺎﻬﺕﺎﻣﺪ�ﺧ و ﺎ�ﻬﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ و ةﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟا
. فاﺪهﻷا و
ئدﺎ� �ﺒﻣﺔ��ﻴﻧﺪﻤﻟا تﺎ��ﻌﻤﺠﺘﻟا و تﺎﻋﺎﻨ��ﺼﻟا تادﺎ��ﺤﺕا و تﺎ��ﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟا ﺔﻠﻣﺎ� �ﺵ، ﺔ��ﻴﻟوﺪﻟا تﺎ��ﺌﻴﻬﻟا ﻦ� ﺔ��ﻣ�ﻴﻣﺎﻨﺘﻣ داﺪ� �ﻋأترﻮ� �ﻃﺪ� و�ﻗ
ئدﺎ� �ﺒﻣنوﺎ� �ﻌﺕنأ ﻦ��ﻜﻤﻳ و . ﻢﻴ� �ﻦ�ﻘﻟا ﺔ��ﻣ�ﻣﺎﻋ مﺰ� �ﻲ�ﺡ �ﻠﻋلﻮ��ﺼﺤﻟا ﻲ� �ﻠﻋﺔ��ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎ��ﺴﺳﺆﻣ نﻮﻧوﺎ� �ﻌﻳﺎ��ﻤآ . ﺔﻳدﺎ��ﺵﺮﺘﺳا
ﻲ�ﻠﻋ ﺔ�ﻴﺌﻴﺒﻟا ﺔ�ﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﺔﻏﺎﻴ�ﺻ ﺔﻴﻟﻮ ﺌ�ﺴﻣ ﻲ�ﻘﺒﺕ و .
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14004
Second edition
2004-11-15
Environmental management systems —
General guidelines on principles, systems
and support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de
mise en œuvre
Reference number
ISO 14004:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 14004:2004(E)
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E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
©
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Environmental management system elements . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Environmental policy . 8
4.3 Planning . 10
4.4 Implementation and operation . 19
4.5 Checking . 28
4.6 Management review . 32
Annex A (informative) Examples of correspondence between environmental management system
elements . 34
Bibliography . 39
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14004 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 1, Environmental management systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14004:1996), which has been technically
revised.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Introduction
As concern grows for continually improving the quality of the environment, organizations of all types and sizes
are increasingly turning their attention to the environmental impacts of their activities, products and services.
The environmental performance of an organization is of importance to internal and external interested parties.
Achieving sound environmental performance requires organizational commitment to a systematic approach and
to continual improvement of an environmental management system (EMS).
The general purpose of this International Standard is to provide assistance to organizations that wish to
implement or improve an environmental management system and thereby improve their environmental
performance. This International Standard is consistent with the concept of sustainable development and
compatible with diverse cultural, social and organizational frameworks and systems of management.
This International Standard can be used by organizations of all types, sizes and levels of maturity, and in all
sectors and geographic locations. The special needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
incorporated, and this International Standard accommodates their needs and promotes their use of an
environmental management system.
This International Standard is part of the series of environmental management standards established by
ISO/TC207. In this series, only ISO14001 contains requirements that may be objectively audited for
certification/registration purposes or for self-declaration purposes. This International Standard includes
examples, descriptions and options that aid both in the implementation of an environmental management
system and in strengthening its relation to the overall management of an organization. While the guidelines in
this International Standard are consistent with the ISO 14001 environmental management system model, they
are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001. For ease of use, the subclauses
of Clause 4 of ISO 14001 have the same numbering as in ISO 14004. However, the latter has extra subclauses
(e.g. 4.3.1.1 or 4.3.3.3), where detailed or additional guidance for an effective environmental management
system implementation is considered useful. Apart from this International Standard and ISO 14001, there are
numerous other environmental management standards in the series of International Standards established by
ISO/TC 207. A reference to and description of these International Standards can be found in the ISO publication
The ISO 14000 Family of International Standards.
This International Standard describes the elements of an environmental management system and provides
organizations with guidance on how to establish, implement, maintain or improve an environmental
management system. Such a system can substantially enhance an organization's ability to anticipate, identify
and manage its interactions with the environment, meet its environmental objectives and ensure ongoing
compliance with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization
subscribes.
Examples and approaches are presented throughout this International Standard for illustrative purposes. They
are not intended to represent the only possibilities, nor are they necessarily suitable for every organization. In
designing and implementing or improving an environmental management system, organizations should select
approaches that are appropriate to their own circumstances. Environmental management is an integral part of
an organization's overall management system. The design of an environmental management system is an
ongoing and interactive process. The structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for implementing environmental policies, objectives and targets can be coordinated with existing
efforts in other areas (e.g. operations, finance, quality, occupational health and safety).
For ease of reading and understanding this International Standard, practical help and general guidance have
been separated out and are shown as boxed text.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Key tasks for managers establishing, implementing, maintaining or improving an environmental management
system include the need to
— recognize that environmental management is among the highest organizational priorities,
— establish and maintain communication and constructive relations with internal and external interested
parties,
— identify the environmental aspects of the organization's activities, products and services,
— identify the legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes, that relate to
the organization's environmental aspects,
— ensure the commitment of management and all persons working for or on behalf of the organization to the
protection of the environment, with clear assignment of accountability and responsibility,
— encourage environmental planning throughout the product or service life cycle,
— establish a process for achieving environmental objectives and targets,
— provide appropriate and sufficient resources, including training, to comply with applicable legal
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes, and to achieve
environmental objectives and targets on an ongoing basis,
— evaluate environmental performance against the organization's environmental policy, objectives and targets
and seek improvement where appropriate,
— establish a management process to audit and review the environmental management system and to identify
opportunities for improvement of the system and resulting environmental performance, and
— encourage contractors and suppliers to establish an environmental management system.
Organizations may use this International Standard, or related ISO documents, in various ways, including
— as guidance to establish, implement, maintain or improve its environmental management system, knowing
that this International Standard is not intended for self-declaration or other conformity assessment
purposes, and
— in support of the implementation or improvement of its environmental management system.
The choice will depend on factors such as
— an organization's goals,
— the maturity of an organization's management systems (i.e. whether the organization has a management
system in place that is capable of supporting the inclusion of environmental concerns),
— possible advantages and disadvantages, as determined by such factors as an organization's current and
desired market position, reputation, external relations and the views of interested parties, and
— the size of an organization.
An effective environmental management system helps an organization to avoid, reduce or control the adverse
environmental impacts of its activities, products and services, achieve compliance with applicable legal and
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes and assist in continually
improving environmental performance.
Having an environmental management system can help an organization assure interested parties that
— a management commitment exists to meet the provisions of its policy, objectives, and targets,
— emphasis is placed on prevention,
— evidence of reasonable care and regulatory compliance can be provided, and
— the system's design incorporates the process of continual improvement.
Economic benefits can be gained from implementing an environmental management system. An organization
whose management system incorporates an environmental management system has a framework to balance
and integrate economic and environmental interests. Economic benefits can also be identified to demonstrate
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
to interested parties the value to the organization of sound environmental management. It also provides the
organization with the opportunity to link environmental objectives and targets with specific financial outcomes
and thus to ensure that resources are made available where they provide the most benefit in both financial and
environmental terms. An organization that has implemented an environmental management system can
achieve significant competitive advantages.
In addition to improved environmental performance, the potential benefits associated with an effective
environmental management system include
— assuring customers of commitment to demonstrable environmental management,
— maintaining good public/community relations,
— satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital,
— obtaining insurance at reasonable cost,
— enhancing image and market share,
— improving cost control,
— reducing incidents that result in liability,
— conserving input materials and energy,
— facilitating the attainment of permits and authorizations and meeting their requirements,
— promoting environmental awareness among suppliers, contractors and all persons working for or on behalf
of the organization,
— fostering development and sharing of solutions to environmental problems, and
— improving industry-government relations.
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.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14004:2004(E)
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on
principles, systems and support techniques
1Scope
This International Standard provides guidance on the establishment, implementation, maintenance and
improvement of an environmental management system and its coordination with other management systems.
NOTE While the system is not intended to manage occupational health and safety issues, they may be included when an
organization seeks to implement an integrated environmental and occupational health and safety management system.
The guidelines in this International Standard are applicable to any organization, regardless of its size, type,
location or level of maturity.
While the guidelines in this International Standard are consistent with the ISO14001 environmental
management system model, they are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001.
2 Normative references
No normative references are cited. This clause is included in order to retain clause numbering identical with the
previous edition (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
auditor
person with the competence to conduct an audit
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
continual improvement
recurring process of enhancing the environmental management system (3.9) in order to achieve
improvements in overall environmental performance (3.11) consistent with the organization's (3.20)
environmental policy (3.13)
NOTE The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
3.3
correction
action taken to eliminate a detected nonconformity (3.18)
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.6.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
3.4
corrective action
action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
document
information and its supporting medium
NOTE 1 The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master sample, or a
combination thereof.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.2.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
environment
surroundings in which an organization (3.20) operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,
fauna, humans, and their interrelation
NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization (3.20) to the global system.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
environmental aspect
element of an organization's (3.20) activities or products or services that can interact with the environment
(3.6)
NOTE A significant environmental aspect has or can have a significant environmental impact (3.8).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
environmental impact
any change to the environment (3.6), whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization's (3.20) environmental aspects (3.7)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
3.9
environmental management system
EMS
part of an organization's (3.20) management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy
(3.13) and manage its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE 1 A management system is a set of interrelated elements used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve
those objectives.
NOTE2 A management system includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices,
procedures (3.23), processes and resources.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
environmental objective
overall environmental goal, consistent with the environmental policy (3.13), that an organization (3.20) sets
itself to achieve
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
3.11
environmental performance
measurable results of an organization's (3.20) management of its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE In the context of environmental management systems (3.9), results can be measured against the organization's
(3.20) environmental policy (3.13), environmental objectives (3.10), environmental targets (3.14) and other
environmental performance requirements.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
environmental performance indicator
EPI
specific expression that provides information about an organization's (3.20) environmental performance
(3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
environmental policy
overall intentions and direction of an organization (3.20) related to its environmental performance (3.11) as
formally expressed by top management
NOTE The environmental policy provides a framework for action and for the setting of environmental objectives (3.10)
and environmental targets (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
environmental target
detailed performance requirement, applicable to the organization (3.20) or parts thereof, that arises from the
environmental objectives (3.10) and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
interested party
person or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance (3.11) of an organization
(3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
internal audit
systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to
determine the extent to which the environmental management system audit criteria set by the organization
(3.20) are fulfilled
NOTE In many cases, particularly in smaller organizations, independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from
responsibility for the activity being audited.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
management performance indicator
MPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the management efforts to
influence an organization's (3.20) environmental performance (3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.1]
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
3.18
nonconformity
non-fulfilment of a requirement
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
operational performance indicator
OPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the environmental
performance (3.11) of an organization's (3.20) operations
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.2]
3.20
organization
company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether
incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration
NOTE For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit may be defined as an organization.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.16]
3.21
preventive action
action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.17]
3.22
prevention of pollution
use of processes, practices, techniques, materials, products, services or energy to avoid, reduce or control
(separately or in combination) the creation, emission, or discharge of any type of pollutant or waste, in order to
reduce adverse environmental impacts (3.8)
NOTE Prevention of pollution can include source reduction or elimination, process, product or service changes, efficient
use of resources, material and energy substitution, reuse, recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.18]
3.23
procedure
specified way to carry out an activity or a process
NOTE 1 Procedures can be documented or not.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.19]
3.24
record
document (3.5) stating results achieved or providing evidence of activities performed
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.6.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
4 Environmental management system elements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The environmental management system model
The environmental management system detailed in this International Standard follows a “Plan-Do-Check-Act”
(PDCA) management model. The environmental management system model and the ongoing process of
continual improvement are illustrated in Figure 1. For more information on the PDCA model, see Practical
help — The environmental management system model.
Figure 1 — Environmental management system model for this International Standard
An environmental management system is best viewed as an organizing framework that should be continually
monitored and periodically reviewed to provide effective direction for an organization's environmental
management in response to changing internal and external factors. All levels in the organization should accept
responsibility for working to achieve environmental improvements, as applicable.
When first establishing an environmental management system an organization should begin where there is
obvious benefit, for example by focusing on immediate cost savings or regulatory compliance mainly related to
its significant environmental aspects. As the environmental management system takes shape, procedures,
programmes and technologies can be put in place to further improve environmental performance. As the
environmental management system matures, environmental considerations can be integrated into all business
decisions.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Practical help — The environmental management system model
PDCA is an ongoing, iterative process that enables an organization to establish, implement and maintain its
environmental policy (see 4.2) based on top management's leadership and commitment to the environmental
management system (see 4.1.2). After the organization has evaluated its current position in relation to the
environment (see 4.1.4,) the steps of this ongoing process are the following:
a) Plan: establish an ongoing planning process (see 4.3) that enables the organization to
1) identify environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts (see 4.3.1),
2) identify and monitor applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization
subscribes, and set internal performance criteria where appropriate (see 4.3.2),
3) set environmental objectives and targets and formulate programme(s) to achieve them (see 4.3.3.1
and 4.3.3.2), and
4) develop and use performance indicators (see 4.3.3.3).
b) Do: implement and operate the environmental management system (see 4.4)
1) create management structures, assign roles and responsibilities with sufficient authority,
2) provide adequate resources (see 4.4.1),
3) train persons working for or on behalf of the organization and ensure their awareness and competence
(see 4.4.2),
4) establish processes for internal and external communication (see 4.4.3),
5) establish and maintain documentation (see 4.4.4),
6) establish and implement document control(s) (see 4.4.5),
7) establish and maintain operational control(s) (see 4.4.6), and
8) ensure emergency preparedness and response (see 4.4.7).
c) Check: assess environmental management system processes (see 4.5)
1) conduct ongoing monitoring and measurement (see 4.5.1),
2) evaluate status of compliance (see 4.5.2),
3) identify nonconformity and take corrective and preventive actions (see 4.5.3),
4) manage records (see 4.5.4), and
5) conduct periodic internal audits (see 4.5.5).
d) Act: review and take action to improve the environmental management system (see 4.6)
1) conduct management reviews of the environmental management system at appropriate intervals (see
4.6.1), and
2) identify areas for improvement (see 4.6.2).
This ongoing process enables the organization to continually improve its environmental management system
and its overall environmental performance.
4.1.2 Top management commitment and leadership
To ensure success, an early step in establishing or improving an environmental management system involves
obtaining commitment from the top management of the organization to improve the environmental management
of its activities, products and services. The ongoing commitment and leadership of the top management are
crucial. Identifying the benefits that an environmental management system can bring, as well as the challenges
that an environmental management system can avoid, may help to secure top management's commitment and
leadership.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
4.1.3 Scope of the environmental management system
Top management need to define the scope of the organization's environmental management system. That is,
top management should determine the boundaries of the organization to which the environmental management
system applies. Once the scope of the environmental management system has been defined, all activities,
products and services of the organization that are within the defined scope should be included in the
environmental management system.
4.1.4 Initial environmental review
An organization with no existing environmental management system should assess its current position with
regard to the environment by means of a review. The aim of this review should be to consider the environmental
aspects of the organization's activities, products and services as a basis for establishing its environmental
management system.
Organizations with an existing environmental management system may not need to undertake such a review,
although such a review could assist them in improving their environmental management system.
The review should cover the following four key areas:
a) identification of environmental aspects, including those associated with normal operating conditions,
abnormal conditions including start-up and shut-down, and emergency situations and accidents;
b) identification of applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes;
c) examination of existing environmental management practices and procedures, including those associated
with procurement and contracting activities;
d) evaluation of previous emergency situations and accidents.
The review can also include additional considerations, such as
— an evaluation of performance compared with applicable internal criteria, external standards, regulations,
codes of practice and sets of principles and guidelines,
— opportunities for competitive advantage, including cost reduction opportunities,
— the views of interested parties, and
— other organizational systems that can enable or impede environmental performance.
The results of the review can be used to assist the organization in setting the scope of its environmental
management system, developing or enhancing its environmental policy, setting of its environmental objectives
and targets, and determining the effectiveness of its approach to maintaining compliance with applicable legal
requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Practical help — Initial environmental rev
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 14004:2005
01-maj-2005
6LVWHPLUDYQDQMD]RNROMHP6SORãQHVPHUQLFHRQDþHOLKVLVWHPLKLQSRGSRUQLK
WHKQLNDK
Environmental management systems -- General guidelines on principles, systems and
support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental -- Lignes directrices générales concernant
les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de mise en oeuvre
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 14004:2004
ICS:
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
SIST ISO 14004:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 14004:2005
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SIST ISO 14004:2005
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14004
Second edition
2004-11-15
Environmental management systems —
General guidelines on principles, systems
and support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de
mise en œuvre
Reference number
ISO 14004:2004(E)
©
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SIST ISO 14004:2005
ISO 14004:2004(E)
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© ISO 2004
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electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
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E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
©
ii ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 14004:2005
ISO 14004:2004(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Environmental management system elements . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Environmental policy . 8
4.3 Planning . 10
4.4 Implementation and operation . 19
4.5 Checking . 28
4.6 Management review . 32
Annex A (informative) Examples of correspondence between environmental management system
elements . 34
Bibliography . 39
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SIST ISO 14004:2005
ISO 14004:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14004 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 1, Environmental management systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14004:1996), which has been technically
revised.
©
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---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 14004:2005
ISO 14004:2004(E)
Introduction
As concern grows for continually improving the quality of the environment, organizations of all types and sizes
are increasingly turning their attention to the environmental impacts of their activities, products and services.
The environmental performance of an organization is of importance to internal and external interested parties.
Achieving sound environmental performance requires organizational commitment to a systematic approach and
to continual improvement of an environmental management system (EMS).
The general purpose of this International Standard is to provide assistance to organizations that wish to
implement or improve an environmental management system and thereby improve their environmental
performance. This International Standard is consistent with the concept of sustainable development and
compatible with diverse cultural, social and organizational frameworks and systems of management.
This International Standard can be used by organizations of all types, sizes and levels of maturity, and in all
sectors and geographic locations. The special needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
incorporated, and this International Standard accommodates their needs and promotes their use of an
environmental management system.
This International Standard is part of the series of environmental management standards established by
ISO/TC207. In this series, only ISO14001 contains requirements that may be objectively audited for
certification/registration purposes or for self-declaration purposes. This International Standard includes
examples, descriptions and options that aid both in the implementation of an environmental management
system and in strengthening its relation to the overall management of an organization. While the guidelines in
this International Standard are consistent with the ISO 14001 environmental management system model, they
are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001. For ease of use, the subclauses
of Clause 4 of ISO 14001 have the same numbering as in ISO 14004. However, the latter has extra subclauses
(e.g. 4.3.1.1 or 4.3.3.3), where detailed or additional guidance for an effective environmental management
system implementation is considered useful. Apart from this International Standard and ISO 14001, there are
numerous other environmental management standards in the series of International Standards established by
ISO/TC 207. A reference to and description of these International Standards can be found in the ISO publication
The ISO 14000 Family of International Standards.
This International Standard describes the elements of an environmental management system and provides
organizations with guidance on how to establish, implement, maintain or improve an environmental
management system. Such a system can substantially enhance an organization's ability to anticipate, identify
and manage its interactions with the environment, meet its environmental objectives and ensure ongoing
compliance with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization
subscribes.
Examples and approaches are presented throughout this International Standard for illustrative purposes. They
are not intended to represent the only possibilities, nor are they necessarily suitable for every organization. In
designing and implementing or improving an environmental management system, organizations should select
approaches that are appropriate to their own circumstances. Environmental management is an integral part of
an organization's overall management system. The design of an environmental management system is an
ongoing and interactive process. The structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for implementing environmental policies, objectives and targets can be coordinated with existing
efforts in other areas (e.g. operations, finance, quality, occupational health and safety).
For ease of reading and understanding this International Standard, practical help and general guidance have
been separated out and are shown as boxed text.
©
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---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 14004:2005
ISO 14004:2004(E)
Key tasks for managers establishing, implementing, maintaining or improving an environmental management
system include the need to
— recognize that environmental management is among the highest organizational priorities,
— establish and maintain communication and constructive relations with internal and external interested
parties,
— identify the environmental aspects of the organization's activities, products and services,
— identify the legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes, that relate to
the organization's environmental aspects,
— ensure the commitment of management and all persons working for or on behalf of the organization to the
protection of the environment, with clear assignment of accountability and responsibility,
— encourage environmental planning throughout the product or service life cycle,
— establish a process for achieving environmental objectives and targets,
— provide appropriate and sufficient resources, including training, to comply with applicable legal
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes, and to achieve
environmental objectives and targets on an ongoing basis,
— evaluate environmental performance against the organization's environmental policy, objectives and targets
and seek improvement where appropriate,
— establish a management process to audit and review the environmental management system and to identify
opportunities for improvement of the system and resulting environmental performance, and
— encourage contractors and suppliers to establish an environmental management system.
Organizations may use this International Standard, or related ISO documents, in various ways, including
— as guidance to establish, implement, maintain or improve its environmental management system, knowing
that this International Standard is not intended for self-declaration or other conformity assessment
purposes, and
— in support of the implementation or improvement of its environmental management system.
The choice will depend on factors such as
— an organization's goals,
— the maturity of an organization's management systems (i.e. whether the organization has a management
system in place that is capable of supporting the inclusion of environmental concerns),
— possible advantages and disadvantages, as determined by such factors as an organization's current and
desired market position, reputation, external relations and the views of interested parties, and
— the size of an organization.
An effective environmental management system helps an organization to avoid, reduce or control the adverse
environmental impacts of its activities, products and services, achieve compliance with applicable legal and
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes and assist in continually
improving environmental performance.
Having an environmental management system can help an organization assure interested parties that
— a management commitment exists to meet the provisions of its policy, objectives, and targets,
— emphasis is placed on prevention,
— evidence of reasonable care and regulatory compliance can be provided, and
— the system's design incorporates the process of continual improvement.
Economic benefits can be gained from implementing an environmental management system. An organization
whose management system incorporates an environmental management system has a framework to balance
and integrate economic and environmental interests. Economic benefits can also be identified to demonstrate
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to interested parties the value to the organization of sound environmental management. It also provides the
organization with the opportunity to link environmental objectives and targets with specific financial outcomes
and thus to ensure that resources are made available where they provide the most benefit in both financial and
environmental terms. An organization that has implemented an environmental management system can
achieve significant competitive advantages.
In addition to improved environmental performance, the potential benefits associated with an effective
environmental management system include
— assuring customers of commitment to demonstrable environmental management,
— maintaining good public/community relations,
— satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital,
— obtaining insurance at reasonable cost,
— enhancing image and market share,
— improving cost control,
— reducing incidents that result in liability,
— conserving input materials and energy,
— facilitating the attainment of permits and authorizations and meeting their requirements,
— promoting environmental awareness among suppliers, contractors and all persons working for or on behalf
of the organization,
— fostering development and sharing of solutions to environmental problems, and
— improving industry-government relations.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14004:2004(E)
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on
principles, systems and support techniques
1Scope
This International Standard provides guidance on the establishment, implementation, maintenance and
improvement of an environmental management system and its coordination with other management systems.
NOTE While the system is not intended to manage occupational health and safety issues, they may be included when an
organization seeks to implement an integrated environmental and occupational health and safety management system.
The guidelines in this International Standard are applicable to any organization, regardless of its size, type,
location or level of maturity.
While the guidelines in this International Standard are consistent with the ISO14001 environmental
management system model, they are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001.
2 Normative references
No normative references are cited. This clause is included in order to retain clause numbering identical with the
previous edition (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
auditor
person with the competence to conduct an audit
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
continual improvement
recurring process of enhancing the environmental management system (3.9) in order to achieve
improvements in overall environmental performance (3.11) consistent with the organization's (3.20)
environmental policy (3.13)
NOTE The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
3.3
correction
action taken to eliminate a detected nonconformity (3.18)
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.6.
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3.4
corrective action
action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
document
information and its supporting medium
NOTE 1 The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master sample, or a
combination thereof.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.2.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
environment
surroundings in which an organization (3.20) operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,
fauna, humans, and their interrelation
NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization (3.20) to the global system.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
environmental aspect
element of an organization's (3.20) activities or products or services that can interact with the environment
(3.6)
NOTE A significant environmental aspect has or can have a significant environmental impact (3.8).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
environmental impact
any change to the environment (3.6), whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization's (3.20) environmental aspects (3.7)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
3.9
environmental management system
EMS
part of an organization's (3.20) management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy
(3.13) and manage its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE 1 A management system is a set of interrelated elements used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve
those objectives.
NOTE2 A management system includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices,
procedures (3.23), processes and resources.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
environmental objective
overall environmental goal, consistent with the environmental policy (3.13), that an organization (3.20) sets
itself to achieve
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
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3.11
environmental performance
measurable results of an organization's (3.20) management of its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE In the context of environmental management systems (3.9), results can be measured against the organization's
(3.20) environmental policy (3.13), environmental objectives (3.10), environmental targets (3.14) and other
environmental performance requirements.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
environmental performance indicator
EPI
specific expression that provides information about an organization's (3.20) environmental performance
(3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
environmental policy
overall intentions and direction of an organization (3.20) related to its environmental performance (3.11) as
formally expressed by top management
NOTE The environmental policy provides a framework for action and for the setting of environmental objectives (3.10)
and environmental targets (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
environmental target
detailed performance requirement, applicable to the organization (3.20) or parts thereof, that arises from the
environmental objectives (3.10) and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
interested party
person or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance (3.11) of an organization
(3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
internal audit
systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to
determine the extent to which the environmental management system audit criteria set by the organization
(3.20) are fulfilled
NOTE In many cases, particularly in smaller organizations, independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from
responsibility for the activity being audited.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
management performance indicator
MPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the management efforts to
influence an organization's (3.20) environmental performance (3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.1]
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3.18
nonconformity
non-fulfilment of a requirement
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
operational performance indicator
OPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the environmental
performance (3.11) of an organization's (3.20) operations
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.2]
3.20
organization
company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether
incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration
NOTE For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit may be defined as an organization.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.16]
3.21
preventive action
action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.17]
3.22
prevention of pollution
use of processes, practices, techniques, materials, products, services or energy to avoid, reduce or control
(separately or in combination) the creation, emission, or discharge of any type of pollutant or waste, in order to
reduce adverse environmental impacts (3.8)
NOTE Prevention of pollution can include source reduction or elimination, process, product or service changes, efficient
use of resources, material and energy substitution, reuse, recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.18]
3.23
procedure
specified way to carry out an activity or a process
NOTE 1 Procedures can be documented or not.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.19]
3.24
record
document (3.5) stating results achieved or providing evidence of activities performed
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.6.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
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4 Environmental management system elements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The environmental management system model
The environmental management system detailed in this International Standard follows a “Plan-Do-Check-Act”
(PDCA) management model. The environmental management system model and the ongoing process of
continual improvement are illustrated in Figure 1. For more information on the PDCA model, see Practical
help — The environmental management system model.
Figure 1 — Environmental management system model for this International Standard
An environmental management system is best viewed as an organizing framework that should be continually
monitored and periodically reviewed to provide effective direction for an organization's environmental
management in response to changing internal and external factors. All levels in the organization should accept
responsibility for working to achieve environmental improvements, as applicable.
When first establishing an environmental management system an organization should begin where there is
obvious benefit, for example by focusing on immediate cost savings or regulatory compliance mainly related to
its significant environmental aspects. As the environmental management system takes shape, procedures,
programmes and technologies can be put in place to further improve environmental performance. As the
environmental management system matures, environmental considerations can be integrated into all business
decisions.
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Practical help — The environmental management system model
PDCA is an ongoing, iterative process that enables an organization to establish, implement and maintain its
environmental policy (see 4.2) based on top management's leadership and commitment to the environmental
management system (see 4.1.2). After the organization has evaluated its current position in relation to the
environment (see 4.1.4,) the steps of this ongoing process are the following:
a) Plan: establish an ongoing planning process (see 4.3) that enables the organization to
1) identify environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts (see 4.3.1),
2) identify and monitor applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization
subscribes, and set internal performance criteria where appropriate (see 4.3.2),
3) set environmental objectives and targets and formulate programme(s) to achieve them (see 4.3.3.1
and 4.3.3.2), and
4) develop and use performance indicators (see 4.3.3.3).
b) Do: implement and operate the environmental management system (see 4.4)
1) create management structures, assign roles and responsibilities with sufficient authority,
2) provide adequate resources (see 4.4.1),
3) train persons working for or on behalf of the organization and ensure their awareness and competence
(see 4.4.2),
4) establish processes for internal and external communication (see 4.4.3),
5) establish and maintain documentation (see 4.4.4),
6) establish and implement document control(s) (see 4.4.5),
7) establish and maintain operational control(s) (see 4.4.6), and
8) ensure emergency preparedness and response (see 4.4.7).
c) Check: assess environmental management system processes (see 4.5)
1) conduct ongoing monitoring and measurement (see 4.5.1),
2) evaluate status of compliance (see 4.5.2),
3) identify nonconformity and take corrective and preventive actions (see 4.5.3),
4) manage records (see 4.5.4), and
5) conduct periodic internal audits (see 4.5.5).
d) Act: review and take action to improve the environmental management system (see 4.6)
1) conduct management reviews of the environmental management system at appropriate intervals (see
4.6.1), and
2) identify areas for improvement (see 4.6.2).
This ongoing process enables the organization to continually improve its environmental management system
and its overall environmental performance.
4.1.2 Top management commitment and leadership
To ensure success, an early step in establishing or improving an environmental management system involves
obtaining commitment from the top management of the organization to improve the environmental management
of its activities, products and services. The ongoing commitment and leadership of the top management are
crucial. Identifying the benefits that an environmental management system can bring, as well as the challenges
that an environmental management system can avoid, may help to secure top management's commitment and
leadership.
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4.1.3 Scope of the environmental management system
Top management need to define the scope of the organization's environmental management system. That is,
top management should determine the boundaries of the organization to which the environmental management
system applies. Once the scope of the environmental management system has been defined, all activities,
products and services of the organization that are within the defined scope should be included in the
environmental management system.
4.1.4 Initial environmental review
An organization with no existing environmental management system should assess its current position with
regard to the environment by means of a review. The aim of this review should be to consider the environmental
aspects of the organization's activities, products and services as a basis for establishing its environmental
management system.
Organizations with an existing environmental management system may not need to undertake such a review,
although such a review could assist them in improving their environmental management system.
The review should cover the following four key areas:
a) identification of environmental aspects, including those associated with normal operating conditions,
abnormal conditions including start-up and shut-down, and emergency situations and accidents;
b) identification of applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes;
c) examination of existing environmental management practices and procedures, including those associa
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14004
Second edition
2004-11-15
Environmental management systems —
General guidelines on principles, systems
and support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de
mise en œuvre
Reference number
ISO 14004:2004(E)
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Environmental management system elements . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Environmental policy . 8
4.3 Planning . 10
4.4 Implementation and operation . 19
4.5 Checking . 28
4.6 Management review . 32
Annex A (informative) Examples of correspondence between environmental management system
elements . 34
Bibliography . 39
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14004 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 1, Environmental management systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14004:1996), which has been technically
revised.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Introduction
As concern grows for continually improving the quality of the environment, organizations of all types and sizes
are increasingly turning their attention to the environmental impacts of their activities, products and services.
The environmental performance of an organization is of importance to internal and external interested parties.
Achieving sound environmental performance requires organizational commitment to a systematic approach and
to continual improvement of an environmental management system (EMS).
The general purpose of this International Standard is to provide assistance to organizations that wish to
implement or improve an environmental management system and thereby improve their environmental
performance. This International Standard is consistent with the concept of sustainable development and
compatible with diverse cultural, social and organizational frameworks and systems of management.
This International Standard can be used by organizations of all types, sizes and levels of maturity, and in all
sectors and geographic locations. The special needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
incorporated, and this International Standard accommodates their needs and promotes their use of an
environmental management system.
This International Standard is part of the series of environmental management standards established by
ISO/TC207. In this series, only ISO14001 contains requirements that may be objectively audited for
certification/registration purposes or for self-declaration purposes. This International Standard includes
examples, descriptions and options that aid both in the implementation of an environmental management
system and in strengthening its relation to the overall management of an organization. While the guidelines in
this International Standard are consistent with the ISO 14001 environmental management system model, they
are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001. For ease of use, the subclauses
of Clause 4 of ISO 14001 have the same numbering as in ISO 14004. However, the latter has extra subclauses
(e.g. 4.3.1.1 or 4.3.3.3), where detailed or additional guidance for an effective environmental management
system implementation is considered useful. Apart from this International Standard and ISO 14001, there are
numerous other environmental management standards in the series of International Standards established by
ISO/TC 207. A reference to and description of these International Standards can be found in the ISO publication
The ISO 14000 Family of International Standards.
This International Standard describes the elements of an environmental management system and provides
organizations with guidance on how to establish, implement, maintain or improve an environmental
management system. Such a system can substantially enhance an organization's ability to anticipate, identify
and manage its interactions with the environment, meet its environmental objectives and ensure ongoing
compliance with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization
subscribes.
Examples and approaches are presented throughout this International Standard for illustrative purposes. They
are not intended to represent the only possibilities, nor are they necessarily suitable for every organization. In
designing and implementing or improving an environmental management system, organizations should select
approaches that are appropriate to their own circumstances. Environmental management is an integral part of
an organization's overall management system. The design of an environmental management system is an
ongoing and interactive process. The structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for implementing environmental policies, objectives and targets can be coordinated with existing
efforts in other areas (e.g. operations, finance, quality, occupational health and safety).
For ease of reading and understanding this International Standard, practical help and general guidance have
been separated out and are shown as boxed text.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Key tasks for managers establishing, implementing, maintaining or improving an environmental management
system include the need to
— recognize that environmental management is among the highest organizational priorities,
— establish and maintain communication and constructive relations with internal and external interested
parties,
— identify the environmental aspects of the organization's activities, products and services,
— identify the legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes, that relate to
the organization's environmental aspects,
— ensure the commitment of management and all persons working for or on behalf of the organization to the
protection of the environment, with clear assignment of accountability and responsibility,
— encourage environmental planning throughout the product or service life cycle,
— establish a process for achieving environmental objectives and targets,
— provide appropriate and sufficient resources, including training, to comply with applicable legal
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes, and to achieve
environmental objectives and targets on an ongoing basis,
— evaluate environmental performance against the organization's environmental policy, objectives and targets
and seek improvement where appropriate,
— establish a management process to audit and review the environmental management system and to identify
opportunities for improvement of the system and resulting environmental performance, and
— encourage contractors and suppliers to establish an environmental management system.
Organizations may use this International Standard, or related ISO documents, in various ways, including
— as guidance to establish, implement, maintain or improve its environmental management system, knowing
that this International Standard is not intended for self-declaration or other conformity assessment
purposes, and
— in support of the implementation or improvement of its environmental management system.
The choice will depend on factors such as
— an organization's goals,
— the maturity of an organization's management systems (i.e. whether the organization has a management
system in place that is capable of supporting the inclusion of environmental concerns),
— possible advantages and disadvantages, as determined by such factors as an organization's current and
desired market position, reputation, external relations and the views of interested parties, and
— the size of an organization.
An effective environmental management system helps an organization to avoid, reduce or control the adverse
environmental impacts of its activities, products and services, achieve compliance with applicable legal and
requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes and assist in continually
improving environmental performance.
Having an environmental management system can help an organization assure interested parties that
— a management commitment exists to meet the provisions of its policy, objectives, and targets,
— emphasis is placed on prevention,
— evidence of reasonable care and regulatory compliance can be provided, and
— the system's design incorporates the process of continual improvement.
Economic benefits can be gained from implementing an environmental management system. An organization
whose management system incorporates an environmental management system has a framework to balance
and integrate economic and environmental interests. Economic benefits can also be identified to demonstrate
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
to interested parties the value to the organization of sound environmental management. It also provides the
organization with the opportunity to link environmental objectives and targets with specific financial outcomes
and thus to ensure that resources are made available where they provide the most benefit in both financial and
environmental terms. An organization that has implemented an environmental management system can
achieve significant competitive advantages.
In addition to improved environmental performance, the potential benefits associated with an effective
environmental management system include
— assuring customers of commitment to demonstrable environmental management,
— maintaining good public/community relations,
— satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital,
— obtaining insurance at reasonable cost,
— enhancing image and market share,
— improving cost control,
— reducing incidents that result in liability,
— conserving input materials and energy,
— facilitating the attainment of permits and authorizations and meeting their requirements,
— promoting environmental awareness among suppliers, contractors and all persons working for or on behalf
of the organization,
— fostering development and sharing of solutions to environmental problems, and
— improving industry-government relations.
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viii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14004:2004(E)
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on
principles, systems and support techniques
1Scope
This International Standard provides guidance on the establishment, implementation, maintenance and
improvement of an environmental management system and its coordination with other management systems.
NOTE While the system is not intended to manage occupational health and safety issues, they may be included when an
organization seeks to implement an integrated environmental and occupational health and safety management system.
The guidelines in this International Standard are applicable to any organization, regardless of its size, type,
location or level of maturity.
While the guidelines in this International Standard are consistent with the ISO14001 environmental
management system model, they are not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of ISO 14001.
2 Normative references
No normative references are cited. This clause is included in order to retain clause numbering identical with the
previous edition (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
auditor
person with the competence to conduct an audit
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
continual improvement
recurring process of enhancing the environmental management system (3.9) in order to achieve
improvements in overall environmental performance (3.11) consistent with the organization's (3.20)
environmental policy (3.13)
NOTE The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
3.3
correction
action taken to eliminate a detected nonconformity (3.18)
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.6.
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3.4
corrective action
action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
document
information and its supporting medium
NOTE 1 The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master sample, or a
combination thereof.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.2.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
environment
surroundings in which an organization (3.20) operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,
fauna, humans, and their interrelation
NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization (3.20) to the global system.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
environmental aspect
element of an organization's (3.20) activities or products or services that can interact with the environment
(3.6)
NOTE A significant environmental aspect has or can have a significant environmental impact (3.8).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
environmental impact
any change to the environment (3.6), whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization's (3.20) environmental aspects (3.7)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
3.9
environmental management system
EMS
part of an organization's (3.20) management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy
(3.13) and manage its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE 1 A management system is a set of interrelated elements used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve
those objectives.
NOTE2 A management system includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices,
procedures (3.23), processes and resources.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
environmental objective
overall environmental goal, consistent with the environmental policy (3.13), that an organization (3.20) sets
itself to achieve
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
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3.11
environmental performance
measurable results of an organization's (3.20) management of its environmental aspects (3.7)
NOTE In the context of environmental management systems (3.9), results can be measured against the organization's
(3.20) environmental policy (3.13), environmental objectives (3.10), environmental targets (3.14) and other
environmental performance requirements.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
environmental performance indicator
EPI
specific expression that provides information about an organization's (3.20) environmental performance
(3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
environmental policy
overall intentions and direction of an organization (3.20) related to its environmental performance (3.11) as
formally expressed by top management
NOTE The environmental policy provides a framework for action and for the setting of environmental objectives (3.10)
and environmental targets (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
environmental target
detailed performance requirement, applicable to the organization (3.20) or parts thereof, that arises from the
environmental objectives (3.10) and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
interested party
person or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance (3.11) of an organization
(3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
internal audit
systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to
determine the extent to which the environmental management system audit criteria set by the organization
(3.20) are fulfilled
NOTE In many cases, particularly in smaller organizations, independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from
responsibility for the activity being audited.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
management performance indicator
MPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the management efforts to
influence an organization's (3.20) environmental performance (3.11)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.1]
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3.18
nonconformity
non-fulfilment of a requirement
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
operational performance indicator
OPI
environmental performance indicator (3.12) that provides information about the environmental
performance (3.11) of an organization's (3.20) operations
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.2]
3.20
organization
company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether
incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration
NOTE For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit may be defined as an organization.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.16]
3.21
preventive action
action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.17]
3.22
prevention of pollution
use of processes, practices, techniques, materials, products, services or energy to avoid, reduce or control
(separately or in combination) the creation, emission, or discharge of any type of pollutant or waste, in order to
reduce adverse environmental impacts (3.8)
NOTE Prevention of pollution can include source reduction or elimination, process, product or service changes, efficient
use of resources, material and energy substitution, reuse, recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.18]
3.23
procedure
specified way to carry out an activity or a process
NOTE 1 Procedures can be documented or not.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.19]
3.24
record
document (3.5) stating results achieved or providing evidence of activities performed
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.6.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
4 Environmental management system elements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The environmental management system model
The environmental management system detailed in this International Standard follows a “Plan-Do-Check-Act”
(PDCA) management model. The environmental management system model and the ongoing process of
continual improvement are illustrated in Figure 1. For more information on the PDCA model, see Practical
help — The environmental management system model.
Figure 1 — Environmental management system model for this International Standard
An environmental management system is best viewed as an organizing framework that should be continually
monitored and periodically reviewed to provide effective direction for an organization's environmental
management in response to changing internal and external factors. All levels in the organization should accept
responsibility for working to achieve environmental improvements, as applicable.
When first establishing an environmental management system an organization should begin where there is
obvious benefit, for example by focusing on immediate cost savings or regulatory compliance mainly related to
its significant environmental aspects. As the environmental management system takes shape, procedures,
programmes and technologies can be put in place to further improve environmental performance. As the
environmental management system matures, environmental considerations can be integrated into all business
decisions.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Practical help — The environmental management system model
PDCA is an ongoing, iterative process that enables an organization to establish, implement and maintain its
environmental policy (see 4.2) based on top management's leadership and commitment to the environmental
management system (see 4.1.2). After the organization has evaluated its current position in relation to the
environment (see 4.1.4,) the steps of this ongoing process are the following:
a) Plan: establish an ongoing planning process (see 4.3) that enables the organization to
1) identify environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts (see 4.3.1),
2) identify and monitor applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization
subscribes, and set internal performance criteria where appropriate (see 4.3.2),
3) set environmental objectives and targets and formulate programme(s) to achieve them (see 4.3.3.1
and 4.3.3.2), and
4) develop and use performance indicators (see 4.3.3.3).
b) Do: implement and operate the environmental management system (see 4.4)
1) create management structures, assign roles and responsibilities with sufficient authority,
2) provide adequate resources (see 4.4.1),
3) train persons working for or on behalf of the organization and ensure their awareness and competence
(see 4.4.2),
4) establish processes for internal and external communication (see 4.4.3),
5) establish and maintain documentation (see 4.4.4),
6) establish and implement document control(s) (see 4.4.5),
7) establish and maintain operational control(s) (see 4.4.6), and
8) ensure emergency preparedness and response (see 4.4.7).
c) Check: assess environmental management system processes (see 4.5)
1) conduct ongoing monitoring and measurement (see 4.5.1),
2) evaluate status of compliance (see 4.5.2),
3) identify nonconformity and take corrective and preventive actions (see 4.5.3),
4) manage records (see 4.5.4), and
5) conduct periodic internal audits (see 4.5.5).
d) Act: review and take action to improve the environmental management system (see 4.6)
1) conduct management reviews of the environmental management system at appropriate intervals (see
4.6.1), and
2) identify areas for improvement (see 4.6.2).
This ongoing process enables the organization to continually improve its environmental management system
and its overall environmental performance.
4.1.2 Top management commitment and leadership
To ensure success, an early step in establishing or improving an environmental management system involves
obtaining commitment from the top management of the organization to improve the environmental management
of its activities, products and services. The ongoing commitment and leadership of the top management are
crucial. Identifying the benefits that an environmental management system can bring, as well as the challenges
that an environmental management system can avoid, may help to secure top management's commitment and
leadership.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
4.1.3 Scope of the environmental management system
Top management need to define the scope of the organization's environmental management system. That is,
top management should determine the boundaries of the organization to which the environmental management
system applies. Once the scope of the environmental management system has been defined, all activities,
products and services of the organization that are within the defined scope should be included in the
environmental management system.
4.1.4 Initial environmental review
An organization with no existing environmental management system should assess its current position with
regard to the environment by means of a review. The aim of this review should be to consider the environmental
aspects of the organization's activities, products and services as a basis for establishing its environmental
management system.
Organizations with an existing environmental management system may not need to undertake such a review,
although such a review could assist them in improving their environmental management system.
The review should cover the following four key areas:
a) identification of environmental aspects, including those associated with normal operating conditions,
abnormal conditions including start-up and shut-down, and emergency situations and accidents;
b) identification of applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes;
c) examination of existing environmental management practices and procedures, including those associated
with procurement and contracting activities;
d) evaluation of previous emergency situations and accidents.
The review can also include additional considerations, such as
— an evaluation of performance compared with applicable internal criteria, external standards, regulations,
codes of practice and sets of principles and guidelines,
— opportunities for competitive advantage, including cost reduction opportunities,
— the views of interested parties, and
— other organizational systems that can enable or impede environmental performance.
The results of the review can be used to assist the organization in setting the scope of its environmental
management system, developing or enhancing its environmental policy, setting of its environmental objectives
and targets, and determining the effectiveness of its approach to maintaining compliance with applicable legal
requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes.
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ISO 14004:2004(E)
Practical he
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 14004
Deuxième édition
2004-11-15
Systèmes de management
environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les
systèmes et les techniques de mise en
œuvre
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on
principles, systems and support techniques
Numéro de référence
ISO 14004:2004(F)
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
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© ISO 2004
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Publié en Suisse
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Sommaire Page
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Éléments du système de management environnemental . 5
4.1 Généralités . 5
4.2 Politique environnementale . 8
4.3 Planification . 11
4.4 Mise en œuvre et fonctionnement . 21
4.5 Contrôle . 32
4.6 Revue de direction . 35
Annexe A (informative) Exemples de liens entre les éléments du système de management
environnemental . 39
Bibliographie . 44
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la
Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de droits
de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir
identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 14004 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 207, Management environnemental, sous-comité
SC 1, Systèmes de management environnemental.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 14004:1996), dont elle constitue une
révision technique.
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Introduction
De plus en plus soucieux du respect et de l´amélioration continue de la qualité de l´environnement, des
organismes de toutes tailles et de tous types attachent une importance croissante aux impacts
environnementaux potentiels de leurs activités, produits et services. Les parties intéressées, qu´elles soient
internes ou externes, ont tendance à considérer comme prioritaires la performance environnementale d´un
organisme. Une bonne performance environnementale implique que tout l´organisme s´engage dans une
approche systématique doublée d´une volonté d´amélioration continue du système de management
environnemental (SME).
La présente Norme internationale a pour principal objectif d´aider les organismes qui souhaitent mettre en
œuvre ou améliorer un système de management environnemental et ainsi améliorer leur performance
environnementale. La présente Norme internationale est cohérente avec le concept de développement durable
et compatible avec des cadres culturels, sociaux et organisationnels différents et avec d'autres systèmes de
management.
La présente Norme internationale peut être utilisée par des organismes de tous types, de toutes tailles et de
tous niveaux de maturité, ainsi que dans tous les secteurs et dans toutes les régions. Les besoins spécifiques
des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) sont couverts, et la présente Norme internationale s'adapte à leurs
besoins et favorise leur utilisation d'un système de management environnemental.
La présente Norme internationale fait partie de la série des normes sur le management environnemental
établies par l'ISO/TC207. Dans cette série, seul l’ISO14001 contient des exigences qui peuvent être
objectivement auditées à des fins de certification/enregistrement ou d´autodéclaration. La présente Norme
internationale contient des exemples, des descriptions et des options qui aident à la fois à mettre en œuvre un
système de management environnemental, et aussi à consolider son articulation avec le management global
de l´organisme. Même si les lignes directrices de la présente Norme internationale sont cohérentes avec le
modèle de système de management environnemental de l'ISO 14001, elles n'ont pas pour objet de fournir une
interprétation des exigences de l'ISO 14001. Afin de faciliter l'utilisation de la présente Norme internationale,
les paragraphes de l'Article 4 sont numérotés de la même façon que dans l'ISO 14001. Néanmoins, des
paragraphes supplémentaires ont été ajoutés en fin de chapitre (par exemple 4.3.1.1 ou 4.3.3.3), lorsqu'il a été
jugé utile d'ajouter ou de détailler des recommandations supplémentaires pour aider à la mise en œuvre
effective d'un système de management environnemental. À côté de la présente Norme internationale et de
l'ISO 14001, il y a de nombreuses autres Normes de management environnemental dans la série des Normes
internationales établies par l'ISO/TC 207. La référence et la description de ces Normes peuvent être trouvées
dans la publication de l'ISO La famille des Normes internationales ISO 14000.
La présente Norme internationale décrit les éléments d'un système de management environnemental et fournit
aux organismes des lignes directrices sur la façon d'établir, de mettre en œuvre, de tenir à jour et d'améliorer un
système de management environnemental. Un tel système peut substantiellement améliorer la capacité d'un
organisme à anticiper, identifier et gérer ses interactions avec l'environnement, à répondre à ses objectifs
environnementaux, ainsi qu'à s'assurer de sa conformité aux exigences légales applicables et aux autres
exigences applicables auxquelles l'organisme a souscrit.
Des exemples et approches sont présentés dans la présente Norme internationale dans un but illustratif. Ils ne
sont pas censés représenter toutes les possibilités et ne s'adaptent pas forcément à toutes les organisations.
Lors de la conception, de la mise en œuvre ou de l'amélioration d'un système de management
environnemental, il convient que l'organisme choisisse une approche adaptée à ses propres circonstances. Le
management environnemental fait partie intégrante du système global de management d´un organisme. La
conception d´un système de management environnemental résulte d´un processus dynamique et interactif. La
structure, les responsabilités, les pratiques, les procédures, les procédés et les ressources nécessaires à la
mise en œuvre de politiques, d´objectifs et de cibles en matière d´environnement peuvent être coordonnés avec
les efforts existant déjà dans d´autres domaines (comme l´exploitation, les finances, la qualité, l´hygiène et la
sécurité au travail).
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Pour faciliter la lecture et la compréhension de la présente Norme internationale, des conseils pratiques et des
lignes directrices générales sont présentés séparément et sont encadrés.
Les principales tâches des responsables intervenant dans l'établissement, la mise en œuvre, la tenue à jour ou
l'amélioration d'un système de management environnemental comprennent le besoin de
— considérer le management environnemental comme une priorité majeure de l´organisme,
—établir et entretenir des contacts et des relations constructives avec les parties intéressées, qu´elles soient
internes ou externes,
— identifier les aspects environnementaux des activités, produits et services de l´organisme,
— identifier les exigences légales et les autres exigences auxquelles l'organisme a souscrit, relatives aux
aspects environnementaux de l'organisme,
— s'assurer l'engagement de la direction et de toutes les personnes travaillant pour ou pour le compte de
l'organisme pour la protection de l'environnement, en précisant clairement le partage des responsabilités
techniques et personnelles,
— encourager la planification environnementale sur toute la durée du cycle de vie du produit ou du service,
—établir un processus permettant d´atteindre les objectifs et cibles environnementaux,
— mettre à disposition les ressources suffisantes et appropriés, y compris la formation, pour assurer la
conformité aux exigences légales applicables et aux autres exigences applicables auxquelles l'organisme a
souscrit, et pour atteindre les objectifs et cibles environnementaux et s´y maintenir dans la durée,
—évaluer la performance environnementale par rapport à la politique environnementale de l´organisme et aux
objectifs et cibles environnementaux, et chercher, le cas échéant, à les améliorer,
—établir un processus de management permettant d´auditer et de passer en revue le système de
management environnemental, ainsi que d´identifier les opportunités d´amélioration du système et de la
performance environnementale qui en résulte, et
— encourager les sous-traitants et les fournisseurs à établir un système de management environnemental.
Les organismes peuvent utiliser la présente Norme internationale ou d'autres documents ISO couvrant des
sujets voisins de différentes manières, y compris
— en tant que lignes directrices pour établir, mettre en œuvre, tenir à jour ou améliorer leur propre système de
management environnemental, étant entendu que la présente Norme internationale n'a pas pour objet de
servir de base à une autodéclaration ou à d'autres fins d'attestation de conformité, et
— en soutien à la mise en œuvre ou à l'amélioration de son système de management environnemental.
Le choix va dépendre de facteurs tels que
— les buts de l´organisme,
— la maturité du système de management de l´organisme (c'est-à-dire si l'organisme a un système de
management en place capable d'intégrer les préoccupations environnementales),
— les avantages et les inconvénients possibles, déterminés par des facteurs tels que la position actuelle et
souhaitée de l'organisme sur le marché, son image, ses relations avec l´extérieur et le point de vue des
parties intéressées, et
— la taille de l´organisme.
Un système de management environnemental effectif contribue à ce qu'un organisme évite, réduise ou maîtrise
les impacts environnementaux négatifs de ses activités, produits et services, assure la conformité aux
exigences légales applicables et aux autres exigences auxquelles l'organisme a souscrit, et aide à
l'amélioration continue de la performance environnementale.
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Avoir un système de management environnemental peut aider un organisme à donner confiance aux parties
intéressées sur le fait
— qu´il existe un engagement de la direction à satisfaire aux dispositions de sa politique et de ses objectifs et
cibles,
— que l´accent est mis sur la prévention,
— qu´il peut faire la preuve de l´importance qu´il accorde aux questions environnementales et de sa
conformité aux exigences, et
— que la conception du système inclut le processus d´amélioration continue.
La mise en œuvre d´un système de management environnemental peut engendrer des bénéfices du point de
vue économique. Un organisme dont le système de management comprend un système de management
environnemental a une structure qui permet de peser et d´intégrer les intérêts économiques et
environnementaux. Ces bénéfices peuvent aussi être identifiés de façon à démontrer aux parties intéressées
l´avantage que représente, pour l'organisme, la mise en place d´un bon système de management
environnemental. Ce dernier offre également à l´organisme la possibilité de lier les objectifs et cibles
environnementaux à des résultats financiers spécifiques et, ainsi, de garantir l´affectation des ressources
disponibles aux endroits où leur exploitation assure une rentabilité maximale en termes économiques et
environnementaux. La mise en œuvre d´un système de management environnemental peut se traduire, pour
l´organisme, par un gain de compétitivité significatif.
Outre l'amélioration de la performance environnementale, les bénéfices potentiels dégagés par la mise en
place d´un système de management environnemental efficace comprennent
— l´assurance apportée aux consommateurs de l´engagement à un management démontrable de
l´environnement,
— le maintien de bonnes relations avec le public et avec les instances locales,
— la satisfaction aux critères des investisseurs et la facilitation de l´accès aux emprunts,
— l´obtention d´assurances au meilleur prix,
— l´amélioration de l´image de marque et de la part du marché,
— l´amélioration du contrôle des dépenses,
— la limitation des incidents qui impliquent des responsabilités,
— la préservation des matières premières et de l´énergie,
— la simplification des démarches d´obtention des permis et des autorisations, tout en satisfaisant à leurs
exigences,
— le développement de la sensibilisation environnementale des fournisseurs, des sous-traitants et des autres
personnes travaillant pour ou pour le compte de l'organisme,
— l´encouragement au développement et au partage de solutions aux questions environnementales, et
— l´amélioration des relations entre l'industrie et les pouvoirs publics.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 14004:2004(F)
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes
directrices générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et
les techniques de mise en œuvre
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale donne des lignes directrices concernant l'établissement, la mise en œuvre, la
mise à jour et l'amélioration d'un système de management environnemental, en indiquant comment le
coordonner aux autres systèmes de management existants.
NOTE Bien que le système de management environnemental n'ait pas pour objet de traiter des questions relatives à
l'hygiène et à la sécurité au travail, ces dernières peuvent être y incluses lorsque l'organisme cherche à mettre en œuvre un
système de management intégré de l'environnement et de l'hygiène et la sécurité au travail.
Ces lignes directrices sont applicables à tout organisme, indépendamment de sa taille, de sa localisation, de sa
nature ou de son niveau de maturité.
Les lignes directrices de la présente Norme internationale sont cohérentes avec le modèle de systèmes de
management environnemental de l'ISO 14001, mais n'ont pas pour objet de fournir une interprétation des
exigences de l'ISO 14001.
2Références normatives
Aucune référence normative n'est citée. Cet article est inclus de manière à retenir une numérotation des
articles identique à celle de la précédente édition (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
auditeur
personne ayant la compétence pour réaliser un audit
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
amélioration continue
processus récurrent d´enrichissement du système de management environnemental (3.9) afin d'obtenir des
améliorations de la performance environnementale (3.11) globale en cohérence avec la politique
environnementale (3.13) de l´organisme (3.20)
NOTE Le processus ne nécessite pas d´être appliqué dans tous les domaines d´activité simultanément.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
3.3
correction
action visant à éliminer une non-conformité (3.18) détectée
NOTE Adapté de l'ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.6.
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3.4
action corrective
action visant à éliminer la cause d'une non-conformité (3.18) détectée
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
document
support d'information et l'information qu'il contient
NOTE1 Le support peut être papier, disque informatique magnétique, électronique ou optique, photographie ou
échantillon étalon ou une combinaison de ceux-la.
NOTE 2 Adapté de l'ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.2.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
environnement
milieu dans lequel un organisme (3.20) fonctionne, incluant l'air, l'eau, le sol, les ressources naturelles, la flore,
la faune, les êtres humains et leurs interrelations
NOTE Dans ce contexte, le milieu s'étend de l'intérieur de l'organisme (3.20) au système global.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
aspect environnemental
élément des activités, produits ou services d'un organisme (3.20) susceptible d'interactions avec
l'environnement (3.6)
NOTE Un aspect environnemental significatif a ou peut avoir un impact environnemental (3.8) significatif.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
impact environnemental
toute modification de l'environnement (3.6), négative ou bénéfique, résultant totalement ou partiellement des
aspects environnementaux (3.7) d'un organisme (3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
3.9
système de management environnemental
SME
composante du système de management d'un organisme (3.20) utilisée pour développer et mettre en œuvre
sa politique environnementale (3.13) et gérer ses aspects environnementaux (3.7)
NOTE 1 Un système de management est un ensemble d'éléments liés entre eux utilisé pour établir une politique et des
objectifs et pour atteindre ces objectifs.
NOTE2 Un système de management comprend la structure organisationnelle, les activités de planification, les
responsabilités, les pratiques, les procédures (3.23), les procédés et les ressources.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
objectif environnemental
but environnemental général qu'un organisme (3.20) se fixe en cohérence avec la politique
environnementale (3.13)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
©
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
3.11
performance environnementale
résultats mesurables du management d'un organisme (3.20) de ses aspects environnementaux (3.7)
NOTE Dans le contexte des systèmes de management environnemental (3.9), les résultats peuvent être mesurés par
rapport à la politique environnementale (3.13) de l'organisme (3.20), aux objectifs environnementaux (3.10), aux
cibles environnementales (3.14) et aux autres exigences de performance environnementale.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
indicateur de performance environnementale
IPE
expression spécifique qui fournit des informations sur la performance environnementale (3.11) d'un
organisme (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
politique environnementale
expression formelle par la direction à son plus haut niveau des intentions générales et des orientations de
l'organisme (3.20) relatifs à sa performance environnementale (3.11)
NOTE La politique environnementale fournit un cadre pour mener des actions et établir des objectifs environnementaux
(3.10) et des cibles environnementales (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
cible environnementale
exigence de performance détaillée, pouvant s'appliquer à l'ensemble ou à une partie de l'organisme (3.20), qui
résulte des objectifs environnementaux (3.10), et qui doit être fixée et réalisée pour atteindre ces objectifs
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
partie intéressée
individu ou groupe concerné ou affecté par la performance environnementale (3.11) d'un organisme (3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
audit interne
processus systématique, indépendant et documenté en vue d'obtenir et d'évaluer des preuves d'audit de
manière objective afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure les critères d'audit du système de management
environnemental définis par l'organisme (3.20) sont respectés
NOTE Dans de nombreux cas, en particulier pour les petites entreprises, l'indépendance peut être démontrée par
l'absence de responsabilité dans l'activité auditée.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
indicateur de performance de management
IPM
indicateur de performance environnementale (3.12) qui fournit des informations sur les efforts accomplis par
la direction pour influencer la performance environnementale (3.11) d'un organisme (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.1]
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
3.18
non-conformité
non-satisfaction d'une exigence
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
indicateur de performance opérationnelle
IPO
indicateur de performance environnementale (3.12) qui fournit des informations sur la performance
environnementale (3.11) relative aux opérations d'un organisme (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10.2]
3.20
organisme
compagnie, société, firme, entreprise, autorité ou institution, ou partie ou combinaison de celles-la, à
responsabilité limitée ou d'un autre statut, de droit public ou privé, qui a sa propre structure fonctionnelle et
administrative
NOTE Dans les organismes constitués de plusieurs unités opérationnelles, une unité isolée peut être définie comme un
organisme.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.16]
3.21
action préventive
action visant à éliminer la cause d'une non-conformité (3.18) potentielle
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.17]
3.22
prévention de la pollution
utilisation de procédés, pratiques, matériaux, produits, services ou énergie pour empêcher, réduire ou maîtriser
(séparément ou par combinaison) la création, l'émission ou le rejet de tout type de polluant ou déchet, afin de
réduire les impacts environnementaux (3.8) négatifs
NOTE La prévention de la pollution peut inclure la réduction ou l'élimination à la source, les modifications de procédés,
produits ou services, l'utilisation efficace des ressources, la substitution de matériaux et d'énergie, la réutilisation, la
récupération, la valorisation par recyclage et le traitement.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.18]
3.23
procédure
manière spécifiée d'effectuer une activité ou un processus
NOTE 1 Les procédures peuvent être documentées ou non.
NOTE 2 Adapté de l'ISO 9000:2000, 3.4.5.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.19]
3.24
enregistrement
document (3.5) faisant état de résultats obtenus ou apportant la preuve de la réalisation d'une activité
NOTE Adapté de l'ISO 9000:2000, 3.7.6.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
4 Éléments du système de management environnemental
4.1 Généralités
4.1.1 Le modèle de système de management environnemental
Le système de management environnemental décrit dans la présente Norme internationale suit le modèle de
management Planifier-Mettre en œuvre-Contrôler-Agir (Plan-Do-Check-Act, PDCA). Le modèle du système de
management environnemental et le processus d'amélioration continue sont illustrés à la Figure 1. Pour plus
d'information sur le modèle PDCA, se reporter aux Conseils pratiques — Le modèle de système de
management environnemental.
Figure 1 — Modèle de système de management environnemental pour la présente Norme internationale
Un système de management environnemental doit être vu comme une structure organisationnelle qui fait
l´objet d´une surveillance continue et d´une revue périodique, afin de fournir des orientations effectives pour le
management environnemental, en réponse aux changements de facteurs internes ou externes. Il convient que
chaque niveau de l´organisme accepte sa responsabilité quant aux progrès à réaliser en matière de protection
de l´environnement, lorsque cela lui est applicable.
Lorsque l'organisme met en place un système de management environnemental pour la première fois, il
convient que l´organisme commence par construire le système de management environnemental là où il en
retirera un bénéfice évident, par exemple en réalisant des économies immédiates, en concentrant ses efforts
sur la conformité aux règlements, notamment sur ses aspects environnementaux significatifs. Le système de
management environnemental commençant à prendre forme, l'organisme pourra alors se doter des
procédures, des programmes et des techniques qui lui permettront d´améliorer encore sa performance
environnementale. Puis, la maturité du système de management environnemental aidant, les considérations
environnementales peuvent être intégrées dans toutes les décisions d´entreprise.
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ISO 14004:2004(F)
Conseils pratiques — Le modèle de système de management environnemental
Le PDCA est un processus continu et itératif qui permet à un organisme d'établir, de mettre en œuvre et de
tenir à jour sa politique environnementale (voir 4.2), basée sur l'engagement de la direction à son plus haut
niveau dans le système de management environnemental (voir 4.1.2). Une fois que l'organisme a évalué sa
situation par rapport à l'environnement en réalisant une analyse environnementale (voir 4.1.4), les étapes de
ce processus continu sont les suivantes.
a) Planifier: établir un processus de planification continue (voir 4.3) afin de permettre à l'organisme
1) d'identifier ses aspects environnementaux et les impacts environnementaux associés (voir 4.3.1),
2) d'identifier et de suivre les exigences légales applicables et les autres exigences applicables
auxquelles l'organisme a souscrit, et d'établir des critères internes de performance lorsque cela est
approprié (voir 4.3.2),
3) d'établir des objectifs et cibles environnementaux et de définir un (des) programme(s) pour les
atteindre (voir 4.3.3.1 et 4.3.3.2), et
4) de développer et d'utiliser des indicateurs de performance (voir 4.3.3.3).
b) Mettre en œuvre: mise en œuvre et fonctionnement du système de management environnemental (voir
4.4), à savoir,
1) créer des structures de management, attribuer les rôles et les responsabilités avec une autorité
suffisante,
2) mettre à disposition les ressources appropriées (voir 4.4.1),
3) former les personnes travaillant pour ou pour le compte de l'organisme et s'assurer de leur
sensibilisation et de leur compétence (voir 4.4.2),
4) établir des processus pour la communication interne et externe (voir 4.4.3),
5) établir et tenir à jour la documentation (voir 4.4.4),
6) établir et mettre en œuvre la maîtrise de la documentation (voir 4.4.5),
7) établir et tenir à jour la maîtrise opérationnelle (voir 4.4.6), et
8) s'assurer de la réponse aux situations d'urgence (voir 4.4.7).
c) Contrôler: évaluer les processus du système de management environnemental (voir 4.5), c'est-à-dire
1) surveiller
...
NORMA ISO
INTERNACIONAL 14004
Traducción certificada
Certified translation
Traduction certifiée
Sistemas de gestión ambiental —
Directrices generales sobre principios,
sistemas y técnicas de apoyo
Environmental management systems — General guidelines on principles,
systems and support techniques
Systèmes de management environnemental — Lignes directrices
générales concernant les principes, les systèmes et les techniques de mise
en œuvre
Publicado en la Secretaría Central de ISO en Ginebra, Suiza, en tanto que
traducción oficial en español por cuenta de 9 comités miembros de ISO
(véase lista en página ii) que han certificado la conformidad de la
traducción en relación con las versiones inglesa y francesa.
Número de referencia
ISO 14004:2004
(traducción certificada)
©
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
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― Instituto Argentino de Normalización (IRAM), Argentina
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― Instituto de Normas Técnicas de Costa Rica (INTECO), Costa Rica
― Instituto Nacional de Normalización (INN), Chile
― Instituto Uruguayo de Normas Técnicas (UNIT), Uruguay
― Oficina Nacional de Normalización (NC), Cuba
© ISO 2004
Reservados los derechos de reproducción. Salvo prescripción diferente, no podrá reproducirse ni utilizarse ninguna parte de esta publicación
bajo ninguna forma y por ningún procedimiento, electrónico o mecánico, fotocopias y microfilms inclusive, sin el acuerdo escrito de ISO
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Versión española publicada el 2005-01-15
Publicado en Suiza
Traducción certificada / Certified translation / Traduction certifiée
ii © ISO 2004 Todos los derechos reservados
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Índice
Prólogo. iv
Prólogo de la versión en español. v
Introducción. vi
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación . 1
2 Normas para consulta. 2
3 Términos y definiciones. 3
4 Elementos del sistema de gestión ambiental . 5
4.1 Generalidades. 5
4.2 Política ambiental. 8
4.3 Planificación. 10
4.4 Implementación y operación. 20
4.5 Verificación. 31
4.6 Revisión por la dirección. 34
Anexo A (informativo) Ejemplos de correspondencia entre los elementos
del sistema de gestión ambiental. 37
Bibliografía. 42
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Prólogo
ISO (la Organización Internacional de Normalización) es una federación mundial de organismos nacionales de
normalización (organismos miembros de ISO). El trabajo de preparación de las normas internacionales
normalmente se realiza a través de los comités técnicos de ISO. Cada organismo miembro interesado en una
materia para la cual se haya establecido un comité técnico, tiene el derecho de estar representado en dicho
comité. Las organizaciones internacionales, públicas y privadas, en coordinación con ISO, también participan en el
trabajo. ISO colabora estrechamente con la Comisión Electrotécnica Internacional (CEI) en todas las materias de
normalización electrotécnica.
Las Normas Internacionales se redactan de acuerdo con las reglas establecidas en la Parte 2 de las Directivas
ISO/CEI.
La tarea principal de los comités técnicos es preparar Normas Internacionales. Los Proyectos de Normas
Internacionales adoptados por los comités técnicos son enviados a los organismos miembros para votación. La
publicación como Norma Internacional requiere la aprobación por al menos el 75% de los organismos miembros
requeridos para votar.
Se llama la atención sobre la posibilidad de que algunos de los elementos de esta Norma Internacional puedan
estar sujetos a derechos de patente. ISO e CEI no asume la responsabilidad por la identificación de cualquiera o
todos los derechos de patente.
La Norma ISO 14004 ha sido preparada por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 207, Gestión ambiental, Subcomité SC 1,
Sistemas de gestión ambiental.
Esta segunda edición anula y sustituye la primera edición (ISO 14004:1996), que ha sido actualizada
técnicamente.
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Prólogo de la versión en español
Esta Norma Internacional ha sido traducida por el Grupo de Trabajo “Spanish Translation Task Force” del Comité
Técnico ISO/TC 207, Gestión ambiental, en el que han participado representantes de los organismos nacionales
de normalización y representantes del sector empresarial de los siguientes países:
Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, España, Estados Unidos de América, México, Perú,
República Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela.
Igualmente, en el citado Grupo de Trabajo participan representantes de COPANT (Comisión Panamericana de
Normas Técnicas) y de INLAC (Instituto Latinoamericano de la Calidad).
La innegable importancia de esta norma deriva, sustancialmente, del hecho de que ésta representa una iniciativa
en la normalización internacional, con la que se consigue unificar la terminología en el sector de la gestión
ambiental en la lengua española.
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Introducción
A medida que crece la preocupación por mejorar continuamente la calidad del medio ambiente, las organizaciones
de todos los tipos y tamaños fijan su atención cada vez más en los impactos ambientales de sus actividades,
productos y servicios. El desempeño ambiental de una organización es de importancia para las partes interesadas,
internas y externas. El logro de un desempeño ambiental sólido requiere el compromiso de la organización con un
enfoque sistemático y con la mejora continua de un sistema de gestión ambiental (SGA).
El propósito general de esta Norma Internacional es proporcionar asistencia a las organizaciones que deseen
implementar o mejorar un sistema de gestión ambiental y con ello mejorar su desempeño ambiental. Es coherente
con el concepto de desarrollo sostenible y compatible con diversas estructuras culturales, sociales, de la
organización y sistemas de gestión.
Esta Norma Internacional puede ser usada por organizaciones de todos los tipos, tamaños y niveles de madurez
en todos los sectores y lugares geográficos. Se han incluido las necesidades especiales de las pequeñas y
medianas empresas (PyMEs); y esta Norma Internacional se adapta a sus necesidades y promueve el uso de un
sistema de gestión ambiental.
Esta Norma Internacional es parte de la serie de normas sobre gestión ambiental establecidas por el Comité
Técnico ISO/TC 207. En esta serie, solamente la Norma ISO 14001 contiene requisitos que pueden ser auditados
objetivamente con propósitos de certificación/registro o de autodeclaración. Esta Norma Internacional incluye
ejemplos, descripciones y opciones que ayudan tanto a la implementación de un SGA como al fortalecimiento de
su relación con la gestión total de una organización. Aunque las directrices de esta Norma Internacional son
coherentes con el modelo de SGA de la ISO 14001, no están previstas para proporcionar interpretaciones de los
requisitos de la ISO 14001. Para facilidad de uso, los apartados del capítulo 4 tienen la misma numeración de la
ISO 14004. Sin embargo, ésta última tiene secciones adicionales (por ejemplo: los apartados 4.3.1.1 ó 4.3.4)
donde se presenta información detallada o adicional para una implementación eficaz del SGA. Además de esta
Norma Internacional y de la Norma ISO 14001, existen numerosas normas de gestión ambiental en la serie de
Normas Internacionales, establecidas por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 207. Se puede encontrar una referencia a
estas Normas Internacionales y una descripción de ellas, en la publicación ISO The ISO Family of International
Standards (La familia de normas internacionales ISO).
Esta Norma Internacional describe los elementos de un sistema de gestión ambiental y proporciona orientación a
las organizaciones sobre cómo desarrollar, implementar, mantener o mejorar un sistema de gestión ambiental.
Este sistema puede mejorar sustancialmente la capacidad de una organización para anticipar, identificar y
gestionar sus interacciones con el medio ambiente, cumplir sus objetivos ambientales y asegurarse del
cumplimiento constante de los requisitos legales ambientales pertinentes y otros requisitos ambientales que la
organización suscriba.
A lo largo de esta Norma Internacional se presentan ejemplos y enfoques con propósitos ilustrativos. No pretenden
representar las únicas posibilidades ni son necesariamente adecuados para cada organización. Al diseñar e
implementar o mejorar un sistema de gestión ambiental, las organizaciones deberían seleccionar los enfoques que
son apropiados para sus propias circunstancias. La gestión ambiental es parte integral del sistema de gestión
global de una organización. El diseño de un sistema de gestión ambiental es un proceso constante e interactivo.
La estructura, responsabilidades, prácticas, procedimientos, procesos y recursos para implementar las políticas,
objetivos y metas ambientales se pueden coordinar con los esfuerzos existentes en otras áreas (por ejemplo:
operaciones, finanzas, calidad, salud ocupacional y seguridad).
Para facilitar la lectura y la comprensión, las ayudas prácticas y las directrices generales se han separado y se
presentan como textos insertados en cuadros.
Las tareas fundamentales para que los directores desarrollen, implementen o mejoren un sistema de gestión
ambiental incluyen las siguientes:
reconocer que la gestión ambiental está entre las prioridades más altas de la organización;
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
establecer y mantener comunicaciones y relaciones constructivas con las partes interesadas, internas y
externas;
identificar los aspectos ambientales de la organización, productos y servicios;
identificar los requisitos legales y otros requisitos que la organización suscriba, relativos a los aspectos
ambientales de la organización;
asegurarse del compromiso de la dirección y de todas las personas que trabajan para la organización o en
nombre de ella para la protección del medio ambiente, con asignaciones claras en cuanto a informe de
acciones y responsabilidades;
fomentar la planificación ambiental a través del ciclo de vida del producto o servicio;
establecer un proceso para el logro de los objetivos y metas ambientales;
suministrar recursos apropiados y suficientes, incluida la formación, para cumplir con los requisitos legales y
otros requisitos que la organización suscriba, y alcanzar los objetivos y metas ambientales en forma
constante;
evaluar el desempeño ambiental frente a la política, los objetivos y metas ambientales de la organización y
buscar mejoras donde sea apropiado;
establecer un proceso de gestión para auditar y revisar el sistema de gestión ambiental e identificar
oportunidades de mejora del sistema y del desempeño ambiental resultante; y
motivar a los contratistas y proveedores a establecer un sistema de gestión ambiental.
Las organizaciones pueden usar de diferentes formas esta Norma Internacional o los documentos ISO
relacionados, incluidos:
como orientación para establecer implementar, mantener o mejorar su sistema de gestión ambiental, con el
conocimiento de que esta norma no está prevista para propósitos de certificación/registro ni autodeclaración;
como apoyo a la implementación o mejora de su sistema de gestión ambiental.
La selección dependerá de factores tales como:
los objetivos de una organización;
la madurez de los sistemas de gestión de una organización (es decir, si la organización tiene establecido un
sistema de gestión capaz de integrar inquietudes ambientales);
las posibles ventajas o desventajas, determinadas por factores tales como la posición actual y deseada de la
organización en el mercado, su reputación, relaciones externas y opiniones de las partes interesadas;
el tamaño de la organización.
Un sistema de gestión ambiental eficaz puede ayudar a una organización a evitar, reducir o controlar los impactos
ambientales adversos de sus actividades, productos y servicios, asegura un mejor cumplimiento de los requisitos
legales aplicables y otros requisitos que la organización suscriba, y ayuda a la mejora continua del desempeño
ambiental.
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Contar con un sistema de gestión ambiental puede ayudar a una organización a asegurar a las partes interesadas
que:
existe el compromiso de la dirección para cumplir las disposiciones de sus políticas, objetivos y metas;
se hace énfasis en la prevención;
se puede proporcionar la evidencia de un comportamiento razonable en lo que se refiere a los asuntos
ambientales y al cumplimiento de la reglamentación;
el diseño del sistema incorpora el proceso de mejora continua.
Se pueden obtener beneficios económicos con la implementación de un sistema de gestión ambiental. Una
organización cuyo sistema de gestión incorpore un sistema de gestión ambiental posee un marco de referencia
para equilibrar e integrar intereses económicos y ambientales. Estos se pueden identificar para demostrar a las
partes interesadas el valor que tiene para la organización contar con un sistema de gestión ambiental sólido.
También proporcionan a la organización la oportunidad de enlazar los objetivos y metas ambientales con
resultados financieros específicos y de esta manera asegurar que haya disponibles recursos que proporcionan el
mayor beneficio tanto en términos ambientales como financieros. Una organización que haya implementado un
sistema de gestión ambiental puede lograr ventajas competitivas significativas.
Además de mejorar el desempeño ambiental, los beneficios potenciales asociados con un sistema de gestión
ambiental eficaz incluyen:
asegurar a los clientes el compromiso con una gestión ambiental demostrable;
mantener buenas relaciones públicas y con la comunidad;
satisfacer los criterios de los inversionistas y mejorar del acceso al capital;
obtener seguros a un precio razonable;
mejorar la imagen y participación en el mercado;
cumplir los criterios de certificación para vendedores (en el caso de ofertas);
mejorar el control de costos;
reducir de incidentes que den como resultado responsabilidad legal;
conservar materiales de entrada y energía;
facilitar el logro de permisos, autorizaciones y el cumplimiento de sus requisitos;
fomentar del desarrollo y participación en las soluciones de problemas ambientales;
mejorar de las relaciones autoridades gubernamentales-industria.
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NORMA INTERNACIONAL ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
Sistemas de gestión ambiental — Directrices generales sobre
principios, sistemas y técnicas de apoyo
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación
Esta Norma Internacional proporciona orientación sobre el establecimiento, implementación, mantenimiento y
mejora de un sistema de gestión ambiental y su coordinación con otros sistemas de gestión.
NOTA Aunque el sistema no está previsto para gestionar temas de salud ocupacional y seguridad, estos pueden estar
incluidos cuando una organización busca implementar un sistema integrado de gestión ambiental, salud y seguridad
ocupacional.
Las directrices de esta Norma Internacional son aplicables a cualquier organización independientemente de su
tamaño, tipo, ubicación o nivel de madurez.
Aunque las directrices de esta Norma Internacional son coherentes con el modelo del sistema de gestión
ambiental de la Norma ISO 14001, no están previstas para proporcionar interpretaciones de los requisitos de la
Norma ISO 14001.
2 Normas para consulta
No se citan referencias normativas. Este apartado se incluye con el propósito de mantener el mismo orden
numérico de los apartados de la edición anterior (ISO 14004:1996).
3 Términos y definiciones
Para los propósitos de esta Norma Internacional se aplican los siguientes términos y definiciones:
3.1
auditor
persona con competencia para llevar a cabo una auditoría
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.9.9]
3.2
mejora continua
proceso recurrente de optimización del sistema de gestión ambiental (3.9) para lograr mejoras en el desempeño
ambiental (3.11) global de forma coherente con la política ambiental (3.11) de la organización (3.20)
NOTA No es necesario que dicho proceso se lleve a cabo de forma simultánea en todas las áreas de actividad.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.2]
3.3
corrección
acción tomada para eliminar una no conformidad (3.18) detectada
NOTA Adaptada del apartado 3.6.6 de la Norma ISO 9000:2000.
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
3.4
acción correctiva
acción para eliminar la causa de una no conformidad (3.18)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.3]
3.5
documento
información y su medio de soporte
NOTA 1 El medio de soporte puede ser papel, disco magnético, óptico o electrónico, fotografía o muestra patrón, o una
combinación de éstos.
NOTA 2 Adaptada del apartado 3.7.2 de la ISO 9000:2000.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
medio ambiente
entorno en el cual una organización (3.20) opera, incluidos el aire, el agua, el suelo, los recursos naturales, la
flora, la fauna, los seres humanos y sus interrelaciones
NOTA El entorno en este contexto se extiende desde el interior de una organización (3.20) hasta el sistema global.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.5]
3.7
aspecto ambiental
elemento de las actividades, productos o servicios de una organización (3.20) que puede interactuar con el
medio ambiente (3.6)
NOTA Un aspecto ambiental significativo tiene o puede tener un impacto ambiental (3.8) significativo.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.6]
3.8
impacto ambiental
cualquier cambio en el medio ambiente (3.6), ya sea adverso o beneficioso, resultante total o parcialmente de los
aspectos ambientales (3.20) de una organización (3.7)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.7]
3.9
sistema de gestión ambiental
SGA
parte del sistema de gestión de una organización (3.20) empleada para desarrollar e implementar su política
ambiental (3.13) y gestionar sus aspectos ambientales (3.7)
NOTA 1 Un sistema de gestión es un grupo de requisitos interrelacionados usados para establecer la política y los objetivos
y para cumplir estos objetivos.
NOTA 2 Un sistema de gestión incluye la estructura organizacional, la planificación de actividades, las responsabilidades,
las prácticas, los procedimientos (3.23), los procesos y los recursos.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.8]
3.10
objetivo ambiental
fin ambiental de carácter general coherente con la política ambiental (3.13), que una organización (3.20) se
establece
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.9]
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
3.11
desempeño ambiental
resultados medibles de la gestión que hace una organización (3.20) de sus aspectos ambientales (3.7)
NOTA En el contexto de los sistemas de gestión ambiental (3.9), los resultados se pueden medir con relación a la
política ambiental (3.13) de la organización, los objetivos ambientales (3.10) y las metas ambientales (3.14) y otros
requisitos de desempeño ambiental.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.10]
3.12
indicador de desempeño ambiental
IDA
expresión específica que proporciona información sobre el desempeño ambiental (3.11) de una organización (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999, 2.10]
3.13
política ambiental
intenciones y dirección generales de una organización (3.20) relacionadas con su desempeño ambiental (3.11),
como las expresa formalmente la alta dirección
NOTA La política ambiental proporciona una estructura para la acción y para el establecimiento de los objetivos
ambientales (3.10) y las metas ambientales (3.14).
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.11]
3.14
meta ambiental
requisito de desempeño detallado aplicable a la organización (3.20) o a partes de ella, que tiene su origen en los
objetivos ambientales (3.10) y que es necesario establecer y cumplir para alcanzar dichos objetivos
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.12]
3.15
parte interesada
individuo o grupo involucrado o afectado por el desempeño ambiental (3.11) de una organización (3.20)
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.13]
3.16
auditoría interna
proceso sistemático, independiente y documentado para obtener evidencias de la auditoría y evaluarlas de
manera objetiva con el fin de determinar la extensión en que se cumplen los criterios de auditoría del sistema de
gestión ambiental fijados por la organización (3.20)
NOTA En muchos casos, particularmente en organizaciones pequeñas, la independencia puede demostrarse al estar libre
el auditor de responsabilidades en la actividad que se audita.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.14]
3.17
indicador del desempeño de la gestión
IDG
indicador de desempeño ambiental (3.12) que proporciona información sobre el esfuerzo de la dirección para
influir en el desempeño ambiental (3.11) de una organización (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999; 2.10.1]
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
3.18
no conformidad
incumplimiento de un requisito
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.6.2]
3.19
indicador del desempeño operacional
IDO
indicador de desempeño ambiental (3.12) que proporciona información sobre el desempeño ambiental (3.11)
de las operaciones de una organización (3.20)
[ISO 14031:1999; 2.10.2]
3.20
organización
compañía, corporación, firma, empresa, autoridad o institución, o parte o combinación de ellas, ya sea sociedad o
no, pública o privada, que tiene sus propias funciones y administración
NOTA Para organizaciones con más de una unidad operativa, una unidad operativa por sí sola puede definirse como una
organización.
[ISO 14001:2004; 3.16]
3.21
acción preventiva
acción para eliminar la causa de una no conformidad (3.18) potencial
[ISO 14001:2004; 3.17]
3.22
prevención de la contaminación
utilización de procesos, prácticas, técnicas, materiales, productos, servicios o energía para evitar, reducir o
controlar (en forma separada o en combinación) la generación, emisión o descarga de cualquier tipo de
contaminante o residuo, con el fin de reducir impactos ambientales (3.8) adversos
NOTA La prevención de la contaminación puede incluir reducción o eliminación en la fuente, cambios en el proceso,
producto o servicio, uso eficiente de recursos, sustitución de materiales o energía, reutilización, recuperación, reciclaje,
aprovechamiento y tratamiento.
[ISO 14001:2004; 3.18]
3.23
procedimiento
forma especificada para llevar a cabo una actividad o proceso
NOTA 1 Los procedimientos pueden estar documentados o no.
NOTA 2 Adaptada del apartado 3.4.5. de la Norma ISO 9000:2000.
[ISO 14001:2004; 3.19]
3.24
registro
documento (3.5) que presenta resultados obtenidos, o que proporciona evidencia de actividades desempeñadas
NOTA Definición adaptada del apartado 3.7.6 de la norma ISO 9000:2000.
[ISO 14001:2004, 3.20]
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certificada)
4 Elementos del sistema de gestión ambiental
4.1 Generalidades
4.1.1 El modelo del sistema de gestión ambiental
El sistema de gestión ambiental presentado en detalle en esta Norma Internacional sigue un modelo de gestión
"Planificar-Hacer-Verificar-Actuar" (PHVA). El modelo de sistema de gestión ambiental y el proceso constante de
mejora continua se ilustran en la Figura 1. Para más información, véase la Ayuda práctica − El modelo del sistema
de gestión ambiental.
Figura 1 — Modelo de sistema de gestión ambiental para esta Norma Internacional
La mejor forma de considerar un sistema de gestión ambiental como una estructura de organización a la que se le
debería hacer seguimiento continuo y se debería revisar periódicamente para proporcionar una orientación eficaz
para la gestión ambiental de la organización en respuesta a factores cambiantes, externos e internos. Todos los
niveles de la organización deberían aceptar la responsabilidad de trabajar para lograr mejoras ambientales, según
sean aplicables.
Cuando una organización establece por primera vez un sistema de gestión ambiental, debería comenzar donde
existan beneficios evidentes, por ejemplo, centrándose en la reducción inmediata de costos o en el cumplimiento
de la reglamentación, relacionado principalmente con sus aspectos ambientales significativos. A medida que el
sistema de gestión ambiental toma forma, se pueden instaurar procedimientos, programas y tecnologías para una
mejora adicional del desempeño ambiental. A medida que el sistema de gestión ambiental madura, las
consideraciones ambientales se pueden integrar en todas las decisiones del negocio.
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ISO 14004:2004 (traducción certifi
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