ISO/IEC 29341-20-13:2017

Information technology - UPnP Device Architecture - Part 20-13: Audio video device control protocol - Level 4 - Rendering control service

ISO/IEC 29341-20-13:2017 is compliant with the UPnP Device Architecture version 1.0 [14]. It defines a service type referred to herein as RenderingControl.

Technologies de l'information — Architecture de dispositif UPnP — Partie 20-13: Protocole de contrôle de dispositif audio-vidéo — Niveau 4 — Service de contrôle de rendu

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Sep-2017
• ICS: 35.200 - Interface and interconnection equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 10-May-2025
• Completion Date: 30-Oct-2025

Overview

ISO/IEC 29341-20-13:2017 specifies the RenderingControl service of the UPnP Audio/Video Device Control Protocol (Level 4). It is compliant with the UPnP Device Architecture v1.0 and defines the data model, XML service description, actions, state variables and eventing model required for networked media renderers to expose and control rendering parameters (audio and video) over IP networks.

Key topics and requirements

• Service model: Defines the RenderingControl service type, including required state variables (e.g., Volume, Mute, Brightness, Contrast, TransformSettings, PresetNameList, LastChange) and their relationships.
• Actions: Standardized control actions such as Get/SetVolume, Get/SetMute, Get/SetBrightness, GetAllowedTransforms, SetTransforms, ListPresets, SelectPreset, and many others used to query and change renderer state.
• Eventing and moderation: Specifies event notification mechanisms (state variable eventing) and the LastChange event model for efficient change reporting to control points.
• XML service description: Normative XML service description and namespace conventions for interoperable device/service discovery and control.
• Transforms and presets: Definitions and normative annexes describing pre-defined transforms (rotation, zoom, equalization, subtitles, speaker configuration, etc.) and how to retrieve/set transform values and defaults.
• Testing and conformance: Includes test guidance for implementation verification to ensure consistent behavior across devices.
• Vendor extension model: Guidance for vendor-defined actions, state variables and XML extensions while remaining interoperable.

Practical applications and users

Who uses this standard:

• Device manufacturers: Smart TVs, networked speakers, AV receivers, projectors and set-top boxes implement RenderingControl to enable standardized remote control of audio/video rendering.
• Firmware and middleware developers: Implement UPnP services, state variables, eventing and XML descriptions to support control points.
• AV integrators and system vendors: Build multi-room audio/video systems and automation platforms that reliably control renderers across networks.
• Application developers and control-point vendors: Create remote-control apps, media servers, and home-automation integrations that rely on standardized actions and events.
• Test labs and certification bodies: Validate conformance to the XML description, actions, eventing, and transform behavior.

Related standards

• UPnP Device Architecture v1.0 (core compatibility requirement)
• Other parts of the ISO/IEC 29341 family covering discovery, media control (AVTransport), connection management and additional AV device control protocol parts.

Keywords: ISO/IEC 29341-20-13:2017, UPnP RenderingControl, Audio video device control protocol, UPnP Device Architecture, media renderer, rendering control service.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL
ISO/IEC
STANDARD
29341-20-13
First edition
2017-09
Information technology — UPnP
Device Architecture —
Part 20-13:
Audio video device control protocol —
Level 4 — Rendering control service
Technologies de l'information — Architecture de dispositif UPnP —
Partie 20-13: Protocole de contrôle de dispositif audio-vidéo —
Niveau 4 — Service de contrôle de rendu
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2017
© ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

CONTENTS
1  Scope . 1
1.1  Introduction . 1
i-input Devices . 1
1.2  Mult
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 4
3.1  Provisioning terms . 4
3.2  Symbols . 5
4  Notations and Conventions . 5
4.1  Notation . 5
4.1.1  Data Types . 5
4.1.2  Strings Embedded in Other Strings . 6
4.1.3  Extended Backus-Naur Form . 6
4.2  Derived Data Types . 7
4.2.1  Summary . 7
4.2.2  CSV Lists . 7
4.3  Management of XML Namespaces in Standardized DCPs . 8
4.3.1  Namespace Prefix Requirements . 12
4.3.2  Namespace Names, Namespace Versioning and Schema Versioning . 13
4.3.3  Namespace Usage Examples . 15
4.4  Vendor-defined Extensions . 15
4.4.1  Vendor-defined Action Names . 15
4.4.2  Vendor-defined State Variable Names . 15
4.4.3  Vendor-defined XML Elements and attributes . 16
4.4.4  Vendor-defined Property Names . 16
5  Service Modeling Defi niti ons . 16
5.1  Service Type . 16
5.2  State Variables . 17
5.2.1  State Variable Overview . 17
5.2.2  LastChange . 20
5.2.3  PresetNameList . 23
5.2.4  Brightness . 23
5.2.5  Contrast . 23
5.2.6  Sharpness . 23
5.2.7  RedVideoGain . 23
5.2.8  GreenVideoGain . 23
5.2.9  BlueVideoGain . 24
5.2.10  RedVideoBlackLevel . 24
5.2.11  GreenVideoBlackLevel . 24
5.2.12  BlueVideoBlackLevel . 24
5.2.13  ColorTemperature . 24
5.2.14  HorizontalKeystone . 24
5.2.15  VerticalKeystone . 25
5.2.16  Mute . 26
5.2.17  Volume . 26
5.2.18  VolumeDB . 26
5.2.19  Loudness . 27
 ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved  iii

5.2.20  AllowedTransformSettings . 27
5.2.21  TransformSettings . 30
5.2.22  AllowedDefaultTransformSettings . 31
5.2.23  DefaultTransformSettings . 31
5.2.24  A_ARG_TYPE_Channel . 32
5.2.25  A_ARG_TYPE_InstanceID . 32
5.2.26  A_ARG_TYPE_PresetName . 32
5.2.27  A_ARG_TYPE_DeviceUDN . 32
5.2.28  A_ARG_TYPE_ServiceType . 32
5.2.29  A_ARG_TYPE_ServiceID . 33
5.2.30  A_ARG_TYPE_StateVariableValuePairs . 33
5.2.31  A_ARG_TYPE_StateVariableList . 33
5.2.32  Relationships between State Variables . 33
5.3  Eventing and Moderation . 34
5.3.1  Eventing and Moderation Overview . 34
5.3.2  Event Model . 36
5.4  Actions . 36
5.4.1  Action Overview . 36
5.4.2  ListPresets() . 39
5.4.3  SelectPreset() . 39
5.4.4  GetBrightness() . 40
5.4.5  SetBrightness() . 40
5.4.6  GetContrast() . 41
5.4.7  SetContrast() . 41
5.4.8  GetSharpness() . 42
5.4.9  SetSharpness() . 42
5.4.10  GetRedVideoGain() . 43
5.4.11  SetRedVideoGain() . 43
5.4.12  GetGreenVideoGain() . 44
5.4.13  SetGreenVideoGain() . 45
5.4.14  GetBlueVideoGain() . 45
5.4.15  SetBlueVideoGain(). 46
5.4.16  GetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 46
5.4.17  SetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 47
5.4.18  GetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 47
5.4.19  SetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 48
5.4.20  GetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 48
5.4.21  SetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 49
5.4.22  GetColorTemperature() . 50
5.4.23  SetColorTemperature() . 50
5.4.24  GetHorizontalKeystone() . 51
5.4.25  SetHorizontalKeystone() . 51
5.4.26  GetVerticalKeystone() . 52
5.4.27  SetVerticalKeystone(). 52
5.4.28  GetMute() . 53
5.4.29  SetMute() . 54
5.4.30  GetVolume() . 54
5.4.31  SetVolume() . 55
5.4.32  GetVolumeDB() . 55
iv   ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

5.4.33  SetVolumeDB() . 56
5.4.34  GetVolumeDBRange() . 57
5.4.35  GetLoudness() . 57
5.4.36  SetLoudness() . 58
5.4.37  GetStateVariables() . 59
5.4.38  SetStateVariables() . 59
5.4.39  GetAllowedTransforms() . 60
5.4.40  GetTransforms() . 61
5.4.41  SetTransforms() . 62
5.4.42  GetAllowedDefaultTransforms() . 62
5.4.43  GetDefaultTransforms() . 63
5.4.44  SetDefaultTransforms() . 64
5.4.45  GetAllAvailableTransforms() . 65
5.4.46  Relationships Between Actions . 65
5.4.47  Common Error Codes . 66
6  XML Service Description . 66
7  Test . 83
Annex A (informative) Theory of Operation . 84
A.1  Multi-input Devices . 84
A.2  Pres et s . 85
A.3  Controlling the Display of Visual Content . 85
A.4  Controlling Audio Content . 86
A.5  Transforms . 88
A.5.1  Retrieving Transforms . 88
A.5.2  Get Allowed Transforms from an instance . 89
A.5.3  Setting Transforms . 91
A.5.4  Retrieving Current values of the Transforms . 91
A.5.5  Querying and setting default values for a Transform . 92
Annex B (normative) Pre-defined Transforms . 94
B.1  Summary . 94
B.2  Rotation . 96
B.3  RedEye . 96
B.4  Zoom . 97
B.4.1  Additional units for the Zoom Transform . 97
B.5  HorizontalPan . 98
B.5.1  Additional units for the HorizontalPan Transform . 98
B.6  VerticalPan . 99
B.6.1  Additional units for the VerticalPan Transform. 100
B.7  ImageDisplayTime . 101
B.8  ImageTransitionEffects . 102
B.9  Equalization . 102
B.10  BandEq_[XX]_[YY] . 103
B.10.1  Additional units for the BandEq_[XX]_[YY] Transform . 104
B.11  SpeakerConfiguration . 104
B.12  OutputSelection_[Name] . 105
B.13  AudioTrackSelection . 106
B.14  ClosedCaptioning . 107
B.15  Subtitle . 108
 ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved v

B.16  CameraAngle . 109
B.17  PiP . 109
B.18  ComponentInfoSelection . 110
B.19  3DSettings3DScreen . 111
B.20  3DSettings2DScreen . 113
B.21  Legacy compatible transforms . 113
B.21.1  Volume_[Channel] . 113
B.21.2  VolumeDB_[Channel] . 114
B.21.3  Mute_[Channel] . 114
B.21.4  Loudness_[Channel] . 115
B.21.5  Brightness . 116
B.21.6  Sharpness . 116
B.21.7  Contrast . 117
B.21.8  RedVideoGain . 117
B.21.9  GreenVideoGain . 117
B.21.10  BlueVideoGain. 118
B.21.11  RedVideoBlackLevel . 118
B.21.12  GreenVideoBlackLevel . 119
B.21.13  BlueVideoBlackLevel . 119
B.21.14  ColorTemperature . 120
B.21.15  HorizontalKeystone . 120
B.21.16  VerticalKeystone. 121
Annex C (informative) Bibliography . 122

vi   ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

List of Tables
Table 1 — EBNF Operators . 7
Table 2 — CSV Examples . 8
Table 3 — Namespace Definitions . 9
Table 4 — Schema-related Information . 11
Table 5 — Default Namespaces for the AV Specifications . 13
Table 6 — State Variables . 17
Table 7 — allowedValueRange for Brightness . 18
Table 8 — allowedValueRange for Contrast . 18
Table 9 — allowedValueRange for Sharpness . 18
Table 10 — allowedValueRange for RedVideoGain . 18
Table 11 — allowedValueRange for GreenVideoGain . 18
Table 12 — allowedValueRange for BlueVideoGain . 18
Table 13 — allowedValueRange for RedVideoBlackLevel . 19
Table 14 — allowedValueRange for GreenVideoBlackLevel . 19
Table 15 — allowedValueRange for BlueVideoBlackLevel . 19
Table 16 — allowedValueRange for ColorTemperature . 19
Table 17 — allowedValueRange for HorizontalKeystone . 19
Table 18 — allowedValueRange for VerticalKeystone . 19
Table 19 — allowedValueRange for Volume . 19
Table 20 — allowedValueRange for VolumeDB . 19
Table 21 — allowedValueList for A_ARG_TYPE_Channel . 20
Table 22 — allowedValueList for A_ARG_TYPE_PresetName . 20
Table 23 — Allowed values for the unit attribute. . 29
Table 24 — Allowed values for the scale attribute. . 29
Table 25 — Predefined Names of Some Common Presets . 32
Table 26 — Event moderation . 35
Table 27 — Actions . 37
Table 28 — Arguments for ListPresets() . 39
Table 29 — Error Codes for ListPresets() . 39
Table 30 — Arguments for SelectPreset() . 39
Table 31 — Error Codes for SelectPreset() . 40
Table 32 — Arguments for GetBrightness() . 40
Table 33 — Error Codes for GetBrightness() . 40
Table 34 — Arguments for SetBrightness() . 40
Table 35 — Error Codes for SetBrightness() . 41
Table 36 — Arguments for GetContrast() . 41
Table 37 — Error Codes for GetContrast() . 41
Table 38 — Arguments for SetContrast() . 41
Table 39 — Error Codes for SetContrast() . 42
Table 40 — Arguments for GetSharpness() . 42
Table 41 — Error Codes for GetSharpness() . 42
 ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved vii

Table 42 — Arguments for SetSharpness() . 43
Table 43 — Error Codes for SetSharpness() . 43
Table 44 — Arguments for GetRedVideoGain() . 43
Table 45 — Error Codes for GetRedVideoGain() . 43
Table 46 — Arguments for SetRedVideoGain() . 44
Table 47 — Error Codes for SetRedVideoGain() . 44
Table 48 — Arguments for GetGreenVideoGain() . 44
Table 49 — Error Codes for GetGreenVideoGain() . 44
Table 50 — Arguments for SetGreenVideoGain() . 45
Table 51 — Error Codes for SetGreenVideoGain() . 45
Table 52 — Arguments for GetBlueVideoGain() . 45
Table 53 — Error Codes for GetBlueVideoGain() . 46
Table 54 — Arguments for SetBlueVideoGain() . 46
Table 55 — Error Codes for SetBlueVideoGain() . 46
Table 56 — Arguments for GetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 46
Table 57 — Error Codes for GetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 47
Table 58 — Arguments for SetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 47
Table 59 — Error Codes for SetRedVideoBlackLevel() . 47
Table 60 — Arguments for GetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 48
Table 61 — Error Codes for GetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 48
Table 62 — Arguments for SetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 48
Table 63 — Error Codes for SetGreenVideoBlackLevel() . 48
Table 64 — Arguments for GetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 49
Table 65 — Error Codes for GetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 49
Table 66 — Arguments for SetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 49
Table 67 — Error Codes for SetBlueVideoBlackLevel() . 50
Table 68 — Arguments for GetColorTemperature() . 50
Table 69 — Error Codes for GetColorTemperature() . 50
Table 70 — Arguments for SetColorTemperature() . 50
Table 71 — Error Codes for SetColorTemperature() . 51
Table 72 — Arguments for GetHorizontalKeystone() . 51
Table 73 — Error Codes for GetHorizontalKeystone() . 51
Table 74 — Arguments for SetHorizontalKeystone() . 52
Table 75 — Error Codes for SetHorizontalKeystone() . 52
Table 76 — Arguments for GetVerticalKeystone() . 52
Table 77 — Error Codes for GetVerticalKeystone() . 52
Table 78 — Arguments for SetVerticalKeystone() . 53
Table 79 — Error Codes for SetVerticalKeystone() . 53
Table 80 — Arguments for GetMute() . 53
Table 81 — Error Codes for GetMute() . 53
Table 82 — Arguments for SetMute() . 54
Table 83 — Error Codes for SetMute() . 54
Table 84 — Arguments for GetVolume() . 54
viii   ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

Table 85 — Error Codes for GetVolume() . 55
Table 86 — Arguments for SetVolume() . 55
Table 87 — Error Codes for SetVolume() . 55
Table 88 — Arguments for GetVolumeDB() . 56
Table 89 — Error Codes for GetVolumeDB() . 56
Table 90 — Arguments for SetVolumeDB() . 56
Table 91 — Error Codes for SetVolumeDB() . 57
Table 92 — Arguments for GetVolumeDBRange() . 57
Table 93 — Error Codes for GetVolumeDBRange() . 57
Table 94 — Arguments for GetLoudness() . 58
Table 95 — Error Codes for GetLoudness() . 58
Table 96 — Arguments for SetLoudness() . 58
Table 97 — Error Codes for SetLoudness() . 58
Table 98 — Arguments for GetStateVariables() . 59
Table 99 — Error Codes for GetStateVariables() . 59
Table 100 — Arguments for SetStateVariables() . 60
Table 101 — Error Codes for SetStateVariables() . 60
Table 102 — Arguments for GetAllowedTransforms() . 61
Table 103 — Error Codes for GetAllowedTransforms() . 61
Table 104 — Arguments for GetTransforms() . 61
Table 105 — Error Codes for GetTransforms() . 61
Table 106 — Arguments for SetTransforms() . 62
Table 107 — Error Codes for SetTransforms() . 62
Table 108 — Arguments for GetAllowedDefaultTransforms() . 63
Table 109 — Error Codes for GetAllowedDefaultTransforms() . 63
Table 110 — Arguments for GetDefaultTransforms() . 63
Table 111 — Error Codes for GetDefaultTransforms() . 64
Table 112 — Arguments for SetDefaultTransforms() . 64
Table 113 — Error Codes for SetDefaultTransforms() . 65
Table 114 — Arguments for GetAllAvailableTransforms() . 65
Table 115 — Error Codes for GetAllAvailableTransforms() . 65
Table 116 — Common Error Codes . 66
Table B.1 — Pre-defined Transforms . 95
Table B.2 — Recommended properties for Rotation . 96
Table B.3 — allowedValueRange for Rotation . 96
Table B.4 — Recommended properties for RedEye . 96
Table B.5 — allowedValueList for RedEye . 96
Table B.6 — Recommended properties for Zoom . 97
Table B.7 — allowedValueRange for Zoom . 97
Table B.8 — Alternative properties for Zoom . 98
Table B.9 — allowedValueList for Zoom pre-defined values . 98
Table B.10 — Recommended properties for HorizontalPan . 98
Table B.11 — allowedValueRange for HorizontalPan . 98
 ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved ix

Table B.12 — Alternative properties for HorizontalPan (percentage unit) . 99
Table B.13 — allowedValueRange for HorizontalPan (percentage unit) . 99
Table B.14 — Alternative properties mm for HorizontalPan . 99
Table B.15 — allowedValueRange for HorizontalPan (mm) . 99
Table B.16 — Recommended properties for VerticalPan . 100
Table B.17 — allowedValueRange for VerticalPan . 100
Table B.18 — Alternative properties for VerticalPan (percentage unit) . 100
Table B.19 — allowedValueRange for VerticalPan (percentage unit) . 101
Table B.20 — Alternative properties for VerticalPan (mm unit) . 101
Table B.21 — allowedValueRange for VerticalPan (mm unit) . 101
Table B.22 — Recommended properties for ImageDisplayTime . 101
Table B.23 — allowedValueRange for ImageDisplayTime (sec unit) . 102
Table B.25 — allowedValueList for ImageTransitionEffects . 102
Table B.26 — Recommended properties for Equalization . 102
Table B.27 — allowedValueList for Equalization . 103
Table B.28 — Recommended properties for BandEq_[XX]_[YY] . 104
Table B.29 — allowedValueRange for each BandEq_[XX]_[YY]. 104
Table B.30 — Alternative properties for BandEq_[XX]_[YY] (Equalization volume unit) . 104
Table B.31 — allowedValueRange for BandEq_[XX]_[YY] (Equalization volume unit) . 104
Table B.32 — Recommended properties for SpeakerConfiguration . 105
Table B.33 — allowedValueList for SpeakerConfiguration . 105
Table B.34 — Transform names based on OutputSelection_[Name] . 105
Table B.35 — Recommended properties for OutputSelection_[Name] . 106
Table B.36 — allowedValueList for OutputSelection_[Name] . 106
Table B.37 — Recommended properties for AudioTrackSelection . 106
Table B.38 — allowedValueList for AudioTrackSelection (language mode) . 106
Table B.39 — Alternative properties for AudioTrackSelection . 107
Table B.40 — allowedValueList for AudioTrackSelection (track indication mode) . 107
Table B.41 — Recommended properties for ClosedCaptioning . 107
Table B.42 — allowedValueList for ClosedCaptioning . 107
Table B.43 — Alternative properties for ClosedCaptioning . 108
Table B.44 — allowedValueList for ClosedCaptioning (indication mode) . 108
Table B.45 — Recommended properties for Subtitle . 108
Table B.46 — allowedValueList for Subtitle . 108
Table B.47 — Alternative properties for Subtitle . 109
Table B.48 — allowedValueList for Subtitle (track indication mode) . 109
Table B.49 — Recommended properties for CameraAngle . 109
Table B.50 — allowedValueList for CameraAngle . 109
Table B.51 — Recommended properties for PiP . 110
Table B.52 — allowedValueList for PiP . 110
Table B.53 — Recommended properties for ComponentInfoSelection . 110
Table B.54 — allowedValueList for ComponentInfoSelection . 110
Table B.55 — Recommended properties for 3DSettings3DScreen . 111
x   ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

Table B.56 — allowedValueList for 3DSettings3DScreen . 112
Table B.57 — Recommended properties 3DSettings2DScreen . 113
Table B.58 — allowedValueList for 3DSettings2DScreen . 113
Table B.59 — Recommended properties for Volume_[Channel] . 114
Table B.60 — allowedValueRange for Volume_[Channel] . 114
Table B.61 — Recommended properties for VolumeDB_[Channel] . 114
Table B.62 — allowedValueRange for VolumeDB_[Channel] . 114
Table B.63 — Recommended properties for Mute_[Channel] . 115
Table B.64 — allowedValueList for Mute_[Channel] . 115
Table B.65 — Recommended properties for Loudness_[Channel] . 115
Table B.66 — allowedValueList for Loudness_[Channel] . 116
Table B.67 — Recommended properties for Brightness . 116
Table B.68 — allowedValueRange for Brightness . 116
Table B.69 — Recommended properties for Sharpness . 116
Table B.70 — allowedValueRange for Sharpness . 116
Table B.71 — Recommended properties for Contrast . 117
Table B.72 — allowedValueRange for Contrast . 117
Table B.73 — Recommended properties for RedVideoGain . 117
Table B.74 — allowedValueRange for RedVideoGain . 117
Table B.75 — Recommended properties for GreenVideoGain . 118
Table B.76 — allowedValueRange for GreenVideoGain . 118
Table B.77 — Recommended properties for BlueVideoGain . 118
Table B.78 — allowedValueRange for BlueVideoGain . 118
Table B.79 — Recommended properties for RedVideoBlackLevel . 119
Table B.80 — allowedValueRange for RedVideoBlackLevel . 119
Table B.81 — Recommended properties for GreenVideoBlackLevel . 119
Table B.82 — allowedValueRange for GreenVideoBlackLevel . 119
Table B.83 — Recommended properties for BlueVideoBlackLevel . 120
Table B.84 — allowedValueRange for BlueVideoBlackLevel . 120
Table B.85 — Recommended properties for ColorTemperature . 120
Table B.86 — allowedValueRange for ColorTemperature . 120
Table B.87 — Recommended properties for HorizontalKeystone . 121
Table B.88 — allowedValueRange for HorizontalKeystone . 121
Table B.89 — Recommended properties for VerticalKeystone . 121
Table B.90 — allowedValueRange for VerticalKeystone . 121

 ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved xi

List of Figures
Figure 1 — Horizontal Keystone . 25
Figure 2 — Vertical Keystone . 26
Figure 3 — Relationship between Volume and Vo
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