ISO 9022-23:2013

Optics and photonics — Environmental test methods — Part 23: Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature and dry and damp heat

ISO 9022-23:2013 specifies the methods relating to the environmental tests of optical instruments including additional assemblies from other fields (e.g. mechanical, chemical, and electronic devices), under equivalent conditions, for their ability to resist the influence of low air pressure combined with cold, including the potential condensation and freezing of water, ambient temperature, and dry or damp heat. ISO 9022-23:2013 is applicable to optical instruments including additional assemblies from other fields, designed for operation and/or transport in high mountainous areas or on board aircraft or missiles.

Optique et photonique — Méthodes d'essais d'environnement — Partie 23: Essais combinés basse pression et froid, température ambiante et chaleur sèche et humide

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2013
• Withdrawal Date: 09-Dec-2013
• ICS: 37.020 - Optical equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 172/SC 1 - Fundamental standards
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 172/SC 1 - Fundamental standards
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 14-Jul-2016

Relations

• Revised: ISO 9022-23:2016 - Optics and photonics — Environmental test methods — Part 23: Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature and dry or damp heat
• Effective Date: 05-Nov-2015
• Revises: ISO 9022-21:1998 - Optics and optical instruments — Environmental test methods — Part 21: Combined low pressure and ambient temperature or dry heat
• Effective Date: 24-Nov-2012
• Revises: ISO 9022-18:1994 - Optics and optical instruments — Environmental test methods — Part 18: Combined damp heat and low internal pressure
• Effective Date: 24-Nov-2012
• Revises: ISO 9022-5:1994 - Optics and optical instruments — Environmental test methods — Part 5: Combined cold, low air pressure
• Effective Date: 24-Nov-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9022-23
First edition
2013-12-15
Optics and photonics —
Environmental test methods —
Part 23:
Low pressure combined with cold,
ambient temperature and dry and
damp heat
Optique et photonique — Méthodes d’essais d’environnement —
Partie 23: Essais combinés basse pression et froid, température
ambiante et chaleur sèche et humide
Reference number
ISO 9022-23:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013

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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 General information and test conditions . 1
4 Conditioning . 2
4.1 Conditioning method 45 — Combined low pressure and ambient temperature . 2
4.2 Conditioning method 46 — Combined low pressure and dry heat . 2
4.3 Conditioning method 47 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure
difference low . 3
4.4 Conditioning method 48 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure
difference medium . 4
4.5 Conditioning method 49 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure
difference high . 5
4.6 Conditioning method 50 — Combined cold, low air pressure including hoarfrost
and dew . 6
4.7 Conditioning method 51 — Combined cold, low air pressure without hoarfrost and dew . 6
5 Procedure. 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Procedure for conditioning method 45 . 7
5.3 Procedure for conditioning method 46 . 7
5.4 Procedure for conditioning method 47 . 7
5.5 Procedure for conditioning method 48 . 8
5.6 Procedure for conditioning method 49 . 9
5.7 Procedure for conditioning method 50 . 9
5.8 Procedure for conditioning method 51 . 9
6 Environmental test code .10
7 Specification .10
Annex A (informative) Explanatory notes .11
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 1,
Fundamental standards.
This edition cancels and replaces ISO 9022-5:1994, ISO 9022-18:1994, and ISO 9022-21:1998, which have
been technically revised.
ISO 9022 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and photonics — Environmental
test methods:
— Part 1: Definitions, extent of testing
— Part 2: Cold, heat and humidity
— Part 3: Mechanical stress
— Part 4: Salt mist
— Part 6: Dust
— Part 7: Resistance to drip or rain
— Part 8: High pressure, low pressure, immersion
— Part 9: Solar radiation
— Part 11: Mould growth
— Part 12: Contamination
— Part 14: Dew, hoarfrost, ice
— Part 17: Combined contamination, solar radiation
— Part 20: Humid atmosphere containing sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfide
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

— Part 22: Combined cold, dry heat or temperature change with bump or random vibration
— Part 23: Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature and dry and damp heat
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Introduction
Optical instruments are affected during their use by a number of different environmental parameters
which they are required to resist without significant reduction in performance and to remain within
defined specifications.
The type and severity of these parameters depend on the conditions of use of the instrument (for
example, in the laboratory or workshop) and on its geographical location. The environmental effects
on optical instrument performance in the tropics and subtropics are totally different from those found
when they are used in arctic regions. Individual parameters cause a variety of different and overlapping
effects on instrument performance.
The manufacturer attempts to ensure, and the user naturally expects, that instruments will resist the
likely rigours of their environment throughout their life. This expectation can be assessed by exposure
of the instrument to a range of simulated environmental parameters under controlled laboratory
conditions. The severity of these conditions is often increased to obtain meaningful results in a relatively
short period of time.
In order to allow assessment and comparison of the response of optical instruments to appropriate
environmental conditions, ISO 9022 contains details of a number of laboratory tests which reliably
simulate a variety of different environments. The tests are based largely on IEC standards, modified
where necessary to take into account features special to optical instruments.
It should be noted that, as a result of continuous progress in all fields, optical instruments are no longer
only precision-engineered optical products, but, depending on their range of application, also contain
additional assemblies from other fields. For this reason, the principal function of the instrument must
be assessed to determine which International Standard should be used for testing. If the optical function
is of primary importance, then ISO 9022 is applicable, but if other functions take precedence, then the
appropriate International Standard in the field concerned should be applied. Cases can arise where
application both of ISO 9022 and other appropriate International Standards will be necessary.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9022-23:2013(E)
Optics and photonics — Environmental test methods —
Part 23:
Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature
and dry and damp heat
1 Scope
This part of ISO 9022 specifies the methods relating to the environmental tests of optical instruments
including additional assemblies from other fields (e.g. mechanical, chemical, and electronic devices),
under equivalent conditions, for their ability to resist the influence of low air pressure combined with
cold, including the potential condensation and freezing of water, ambient temperature, and dry or damp
heat.
This part of ISO 9022 is applicable to optical instruments including additional assemblies from other
fields, designed for operation and/or transport in high mountainous areas or on board aircraft or
missiles.
The purpose of the testing is to investigate to what extent optical, climatic, mechanical, chemical,
and electrical (including electrostatic) performance characteristics of the specimen are affected by
combined low pressure and low, ambient, or high temperature. Furthermore, the additional effects
of water condensing and freezing on the instrument or components can be determined. Examples are
instruments which are installed or externally mounted on aircraft or missiles or transported inside
aircraft or flying objects not providing any pressure equalization.
Annex A explains the intent of the different types of tests.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9022-1, Optics and photonics — Environmental test methods — Part 1: Definitions, extent of testing
ISO 9022-2, Optics and optical instruments — Environmental test methods — Part 2: Cold, heat and humidity
ISO 9022-8, Optics and optical instruments — Environmental test methods — Part 8: High pressure, low
pressure, immersion
3 General information and test conditions
Ambient temperature as understood by this part of ISO 9022 is (23 ± 3) °C.
The values of temperatures and climatic conditions specified in Table 1 to Table 6 are selected from
ISO 9022-2, conditioning methods 10, 11, and 12.
The size of the test chamber and the setup of the specimens shall be chosen in such a way that a uniform
temperature for all specimens within the test chamber is ensured.
For conditioning methods 45, 46, 50, and 51, air circulation in low-pressure cabinets or low-pressure
chambers is required. The low-pressure chamber, itself, can either be equipped as a thermal chamber or
be installed in a thermal chamber.
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

For conditioning methods 47 to 49, a climatic test chamber is required. Three different test methods
are used to test combined damp heat and low internal pressure resistance of optical instruments. Dew
on the specimen is admissible. The individual test steps shall be performed directly one after another.
Interruption of the test is not admissible.
In addition for conditioning method 47, if condensation is produced, the specimens shall be protected
against falling drops.
In addition for conditioning method 48, a low-pressure container is also required.
In addition for conditioning method 49, the specimens shall have a test connection for evacuation and
pressure measurement, as described in ISO 9022-8.
Changes in temperature shall be effected sufficiently slowly not to cause any damage to the specimen.
Shock-type air pressure changes shall be avoided unless they are likely to be encountered in the natural
environment.
4 Conditioning
4.1 Conditioning method 45 — Combined low pressure and ambient temperature
See Table 1.
Table 1 — Degrees of severity for conditioning method 45 — Combined low pressure and
ambient temperature
Degree of severity 01 02 03 04
Test chamber tempera-
°C 23 ± 3 23 ± 3 23 ± 3 23 ± 3
ture
Pressure hPa 800 ± 30 700 ± 30 600 ± 30 500 ± 30
Time of pressure
reduction and pressure min ≤ 15
increase
a
Period of conditioning h ≥ 1
State of operation 2 2 2 2
a
With thermally active specimens after the steady-state temperature of the specimen has
been reached.
4.2 Conditioning method 46 — Combined low pressure and dry heat
See Table 2.
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Table 2 — Degrees of severity for conditioning method 46 — Combined low pressure and dry
heat
Degree of
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
severity
Test chamber
a a a
°C 40 ± 3 40 ± 3 55 ± 3 55 ± 3 63 ± 3 63 ± 3 85 ± 3 85 ± 3 40 ± 3 55 ± 3 63 ± 3 85 ± 3
temperature
Pressure hPa 100 ± 5 10 ± 1
Time of pres-
sure reduction
min ≤ 15 ≤ 80
and pressure
increase
Mean tempera-
ture change
K/min 0,2 to 2
during heating/
cooling
Exposure time h 24 72 24 72 24 72 24 72 24 24 24 24
State of opera-
1 or 2
tion
a
State of operation 1 only.
4.3 Conditioning method 47 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure differ-
ence low
See Table 3 and Figure 1.
Conditioning method 47 shall be used for optical instruments where demands made on their sealing
(low pressure resistance) are low, e.g. instruments which comply with the requirements of the degrees
of severity 01, 02, 07, and 08 of conditioning method 81 in ISO 9022-8.
Table 3 — Degrees of severity for conditioning method 47 — Damp heat and low internal
pressure, pressure difference low
Degree of severity 01 02 03 04 05 06
Test chamber tem-
°C 55 ± 2 63 ± 2 70 ± 2
perature
Relative humidity % < 40
Step 1
Until the internal air of the specimen has reached a
Exposure time h temperature at least within 3 K of the test chamber
Condition 1
temperature.
Climatic conditions 40 °C ± 2 °C and 90 % to 95 % relative humidity.
Step 2
Exposure time h ≥ 1
Number of cycles 6 12 6 12 6 12
Test chamber temperature °C −10 ± 3
Condition 2
Until specimen has reached a temperature at least
Exposure time h
within 3 K of the test chamber temperature.
Test chamber temperature °C 40 ± 2
Relative humidity % < 40
Condition 3
Until specimen has reached a temperature at least
Exposure time h
within 3 K of the test chamber temperature.
State of operation 1
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Key
1 condition 1
2 condition 2
3 condition 3
4 duration according to Table 1
5 relative humidity, < 40 %
6 relative humidity, 90 % to 95 %
7 relative humidity, < 40 %
X duration, h
T temperature, °C
Figure 1 — Cycling curve for conditioning method 47, using example of degree of severity 01
4.4 Conditioning method 48 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure differ-
ence medium
See Table 4.
Conditioning method 48 shall be used for optical instruments where demands made on their sealing
(low pressure resistance) are medium, e.g. instruments which comply with the requirements of the
degrees of severity 03, 04, 09, and 10 of conditioning method 81 in ISO 9022-8.
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ISO 9022-23:2013(E)

Table 4 — Degrees of severity for conditioning method 48 — Damp heat and low internal
pressure, pressure difference medium
Degree of severity 01 02 03 04 05 06
Test chamber tem-
°C 40 ± 2
perature
Step 1 Test chamber
hPa 800 650 500
pressure
Condition 1
Exposure time h ≥ 1
Climatic conditions 40 °C ± 2 °C and 90 % to 95 % relative humidity.
Step 2
Exposure time h ≥ 1,5
Number of cycles 3 6 3 6 3 6
Test chamber temperature °C −10 ± 3
Condition 2
Until specimen has reached a temperature at least
Exposure time h
within 3 K of the test chamber temperature.
Test chamber temperature °C 40 ± 2
Relative humidity % < 40
Condition 3
Until specimen has reached a temperature at least
Exposure time h
within 3 K of the test chamber temperature.
State of operation 1
4.5 Conditioning method 49 — Damp heat and low internal pressure, pressure differ-
ence high
See Table 5.
Conditioning method 49 shall be used for optical instruments where demands made on their sealing
(low pressure resistance) are high, e.g. instruments which comply wit
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