ISO 20874:2018
(Main)Footwear - Test methods for outsoles - Needle tear strength
Footwear - Test methods for outsoles - Needle tear strength
ISO 20874:2018 specifies a method for the determination of the needle tear strength for outsoles, irrespective of the material.
Chaussures — Méthodes d'essai applicables aux semelles d'usure — Résistance du point de couture
L'ISO 20874:2018 spécifie une méthode de détermination de la résistance du point de couture des semelles d'usure (essai de déchirement à l'aiguille), indépendamment du matériau.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 12-Mar-2018
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 216 - Footwear
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 12-Jul-2023
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 08-Dec-2012
Overview
ISO 20874:2018 specifies the standardized test method for determining the needle tear strength of footwear outsoles, regardless of the material composition. This international standard is essential for manufacturers, quality control laboratories, and footwear developers aiming to assess the tear resistance of outsole materials under controlled and reproducible conditions. The second edition of this document updates and replaces the original 2001 version to reflect improved technical requirements.
The standard provides a detailed procedure to measure the maximum force required to tear an outsole material by a needle, normalizing the result by the specimen’s thickness. This allows consistent comparison of outsole durability across different types of materials including polymeric, elastomeric, semi-expanded, cellular, or leather outsoles.
Key Topics
Scope and Application: ISO 20874:2018 applies universally to outsole materials used in footwear, making it relevant across a wide range of shoe manufacturing processes.
Test Specimen Preparation: Outsole samples are conditioned and cut into standardized strips (typically 50 mm x 20 mm) with thicknesses depending on the material type:
- 2.0 mm ± 0.2 mm for polymeric/elastomeric compact outsoles
- 4.0 mm ± 0.2 mm for semi-expanded/cellular outsoles
- Original thickness maintained for leather outsoles
Specimens may retain original surfaces ("skins") to reflect real-world conditions.
Testing Apparatus:
- A tensile-testing machine complying with ISO 7500-1 ensures accurate force measurement at a controlled traverse rate of 100 mm/min ± 10 mm/min.
- A steel needle of 1 mm diameter is used to initiate tearing, combined with a specially designed clamping device to hold the specimen securely during testing.
- Thickness gauge with controlled pressure for precise thickness measurement of the test piece.
Test Procedure:
The needle is inserted 5 mm from the specimen’s edge perpendicular to the surface. The specimen is stretched until the needle tears through the material. The maximum force observed during this tear is recorded and normalized by the specimen thickness to calculate the needle tear strength (N/mm).Results Expression and Reporting:
Results are expressed as the average of three test specimens, reported in newtons per millimeter of thickness. The test report must include:- Reference to ISO 20874:2018
- Detailed sample description (material, style, color)
- Specimen type and thickness
- Test results and conditions (including atmospheric conditions)
- Any deviations from the protocol
Applications
The needle tear strength test described in ISO 20874:2018 is critical for:
- Footwear Design and Quality Assurance: Ensuring outsole materials meet durability standards to resist puncture and tearing; improving product longevity.
- Material Selection and Development: Comparing tear resistance of new polymers, rubbers, composites, or leathers in casual, sports, and safety footwear.
- Compliance and Certification: Supporting claims for product performance in line with international footwear standards and consumer safety requirements.
- Research and Innovation: Assisting R&D to optimize outsole formulations and constructions based on empirical strength data.
Related Standards
ISO 20874:2018 references and complements several important standards and guidelines in footwear testing and material evaluation:
- ISO 7500-1: Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines, ensuring accuracy and reliability of tensile testing equipment.
- ISO 17709: Guidelines for sampling location, preparation, and conditioning of footwear test samples to guarantee uniformity before testing.
- ISO 18454: Specifies standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing footwear components, critical to test repeatability and comparability.
By integrating ISO 20874:2018 with related footwear standards, manufacturers and testing labs can implement robust quality control processes, producing durable, safe, and high-performance footwear products.
Keywords: ISO 20874:2018, needle tear strength, outsole testing, footwear standards, tensile testing, outsole durability, polymeric outsole, leather outsole, footwear material testing, tear resistance test, shoe outsole quality control
ISO 20874:2018 - Footwear -- Test methods for outsoles -- Needle tear strength
ISO 20874:2018 - Chaussures -- Méthodes d'essai applicables aux semelles d'usure -- Résistance du point de couture
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 20874:2018 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Footwear - Test methods for outsoles - Needle tear strength". This standard covers: ISO 20874:2018 specifies a method for the determination of the needle tear strength for outsoles, irrespective of the material.
ISO 20874:2018 specifies a method for the determination of the needle tear strength for outsoles, irrespective of the material.
ISO 20874:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 61.060 - Footwear. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 20874:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 20874:2001. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase ISO 20874:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20874
Second edition
2018-03
Footwear — Test methods for outsoles
— Needle tear strength
Chaussures — Méthodes d'essai applicables aux semelles d'usure —
Résistance du point de couture
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Apparatus and material . 1
5 Sampling and conditioning . 2
6 Test methods . 2
7 Expression of results . 2
8 Test report . 3
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
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World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 216, Footwear.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20874:2001), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20874:2018(E)
Footwear — Test methods for outsoles — Needle tear
strength
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the needle tear strength for outsole
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 20874
Deuxième édition
2018-03
Chaussures — Méthodes d'essai
applicables aux semelles d'usure —
Résistance du point de couture
Footwear — Test methods for outsoles — Needle tear strength
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2018
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2018
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en oeuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Appareillage et matériel . 1
5 Échantillonnage et conditionnement . 2
6 Méthodes d’essai . 2
7 Expression des résultats. 2
8 Rapport d’essai . 3
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
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droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
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techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant : www .iso .org/ iso/ fr/ avant -propos .html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 216, Chaussure.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 20874:2001), qui a fait l’objet d’une
révision technique.
iv © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 20874:2018(F)
Chaussures — Méthodes d'essai applicables aux semelles
d'usure — Résistance du point de couture
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de détermination de la résistance du point de couture des
semelles d’usure (essai de déchirement à l’aiguille), indépendamment du matériau.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants cités dans le texte constituent, pour tout ou part
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