ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001
(Main)Information technology — Database languages — SQL multimedia and application packages — Part 5: Still Image
Information technology — Database languages — SQL multimedia and application packages — Part 5: Still Image
Technologies de l'information — Langages de bases de données — Multimédia SQL et paquetages d'application — Partie 5: Image fixe
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 13249-5
First edition
2001-05-01
Information technology — Database
languages — SQL multimedia and
application packages —
Part 5:
Still Image
Technologies de l'information — Langages de bases de données —
Multimédia SQL et paquetages d'application —
Partie 5: Image fixe
Reference number
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2001
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not
be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this
file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO/IEC 2001
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 � CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.ch
Web www.iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC 2001 – All rights reserved
ii
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. vi
Introduction . vii
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 3
3 Definitions, notations, and conventions. 5
3.1 Definitions. 5
3.1.1 Definitions provided in Part 1 . 5
3.1.2 Definitions provided in Part 5 . 5
3.1.3 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 9075.6
3.1.4 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 10918-1. 6
3.2 Notations. 7
3.2.1 Notations provided in Part 1 . 7
3.2.2 Notations provided in Part 5 . 7
3.3 Conventions. 8
4 Concepts. 9
4.1 Introduction . 9
4.2 Concepts taken from ISO/IEC 9075 . 11
4.3 Types representing digital images. 12
4.3.1 Attributes of the SI_StillImage type. 12
4.3.2 Methods of the SI_StillImage type.12
4.4 Image features. 14
4.4.1 Feature types. 14
4.4.2 Assessing the similarity of images . 15
4.5 Complementary SQL-invoked regular functions . 16
4.6 Auxiliary type SI_Color. 20
4.7 The Still Image Information Schema . 21
5 Still Image Types. 22
5.1 SI_StillImage Types and Routines. 22
5.1.1 SI_StillImage Type. 22
5.1.2 SI_StillImage Methods. 26
5.1.3 SI_setContent Method . 28
5.1.4 SI_changeFormat Method . 29
5.1.5 SI_Thumbnail Methods. 31
5.1.6 Functions Complementing SI_StillImage Methods . 33
5.1.7 SI_chgContent Function. 34
5.1.8 SI_convertFormat Function . 35
5.1.9 SI_getThumbnail Function. 36
5.1.10 SI_getSizedThmbnl Function. 37
5.1.11 Functions Complementing Observer Functions of Type SI_StillImage . 38
5.1.12 Functions not intended for Public Use . 40
6 Feature Types. 47
6.1 SI_AverageColor Type and Routines. 47
6.1.1 SI_AverageColor Type. 47
6.1.2 SI_AverageColor Methods . 49
6.1.3 SI_Score Method . 53
6.1.4 SI_fndAverageColor Function . 54
6.1.5 SI_mkAverageColor Function. 55
6.1.6 SI_ScoreByAvrgClr Function. 56
6.2 SI_ColorHistogram Type and Routines . 57
6.2.1 SI_ColorHistogram Type . 57
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Contents iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
6.2.2 SI_ColorHistogram Methods. 61
6.2.3 SI_Append Method. 64
6.2.4 SI_Score Method . 66
6.2.5 SI_findColorHstgrm Function. 67
6.2.6 SI_mkColorHistogrm Function . 68
6.2.7 SI_arrayClrHstgrm Function . 69
6.2.8 SI_appendClrHstgrm Function . 70
6.2.9 SI_ScoreByClrHstgr Function. 71
6.3 SI_PositionalColor Type and Routines. 72
6.3.1 SI_PositionalColor Type. 72
6.3.2 SI_PositionalColor Method . 74
6.3.3 SI_Score Method . 76
6.3.4 SI_findPositColor Function. 77
6.3.5 SI_ScoreByPositClr Function . 78
6.4 SI_Texture Type and Routines.79
6.4.1 SI_Texture Type. 79
6.4.2 SI_Texture Method . 81
6.4.3 SI_Score Method . 82
6.4.4 SI_findTexture Function . 83
6.4.5 SI_ScoreByTexture Function. 84
6.5 SI_FeatureList Type and Routines . 85
6.5.1 SI_FeatureList Type . 85
6.5.2 SI_FeatureList Method. 89
6.5.3 SI_setFeature Methods. 91
6.5.4 SI_Score Method . 95
6.5.5 SI_mkFeatureList Function. 97
6.5.6 SI_ScoreByFtrList Function. 98
6.5.7 Regular Functions Complementing SI_setFeature Methods. 99
6.5.8 Regular Functions Complementing Observer Functions of type SI_FeatureList . 101
6.6 Auxiliary Types and Routines. 105
6.6.1 SI_Color Type . 105
6.6.2 SI_RGBColor Method. 106
6.6.3 SI_mkRGBColor Function. 108
7 SQL/MM Still Image Information Schema . 110
7.1 Introduction . 110
7.2 SI_IMAGE_FORMATS view . 111
7.3 SI_IMAGE_FORMAT_CONVERSIONS view . 112
7.4 SI_IMAGE_FORMAT_FEATURES view . 113
7.5 SI_THUMBNAIL_FORMATS view. 114
7.6 SI_VALUES view . 115
7.7 Short name views. 116
8 SQL/MM Still Image Definition Schema . 118
8.1 Introduction . 118
8.2 SI_IMAGE_FORMATS base table. 119
8.3 SI_IMAGE_FORMAT_CONVERSIONS base table . 120
8.4 SI_IMAGE_FORMAT_FEATURES base table . 121
8.5 SI_THUMBNAIL_FORMATS base table. 122
8.6 SI_VALUES base table. 123
9 Status Codes . 124
10 Conformance . 127
10.1 Requirements for conformance. 127
10.2 Claims of conformance . 132
Annex A. 133
A.1 Implementation-defined Meta-variables . 134
Annex B. 135
B.1 Implementation-dependent Meta-variables . 137
Index . 138
iv Contents © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Tables Page
Table 1 – Method and function name correspondences. 16
Table 2 – SQLSTATE class and subclass values . 124
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Contents v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC
JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national
bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the
national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 may be the
subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
International Standard ISO/IEC 13249-5 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, Subcommittee SC 32, Data management and interchange.
ISO/IEC 13249 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Database
languages — SQL multimedia and application packages:
— Part 1: Framework
— Part 2: Full-Text
— Part 3: Spatial
— Part 4: General purpose facilities
— Part 5: Still Image
— Part 6: Data Mining
Annexes A and B of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 are for information only.
vi Foreword © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Introduction
The purpose of this International Standard is to define multimedia and application specific types and their
associated routines using the user-defined features in ISO/IEC 9075.
This document is based on the content of ISO/IEC International Standard Database Language (SQL).
The organization of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 is as follows:
1) Clause 1, "Scope", specifies the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
2) Clause 2, "Normative references", identifies additional standards that, through reference in this part of
ISO/IEC 13249, constitute provisions of this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
3) Clause 3, "Definitions, notations, and conventions", defines the notations and conventions used in
this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
4) Clause 4, "Concepts", presents concepts used in the definition of this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
5) Clause 5, "Still Image Types", defines the still image user-defined types and associated routines.
6) Clause 6, "Feature Types", defines the user-defined types provided for the manipulation of still image
features.
7) Clause 7, "SQL/MM Still Image Information Schema" defines the SQL/MM Still Image Information
Schema.
8) Clause 8, "SQL/MM Still Image Definition Schema" defines the SQL/MM Still Image Definition
Schema.
9) Clause 9, "Status Codes", defines the SQLSTATE codes used in this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
10) Clause 10, "Conformance", defines the criteria for conformance to this part of ISO/IEC 13249.
11) Annex A, "Implementation-defined elements", is an informative Annex. It lists those features for
which the body of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 states that the syntax or meaning or effect on the
database is partly or wholly implementation-defined, and describes the defining information that an
implementor shall provide in each case.
12) Annex B, "Implementation-dependent elements", is an informative Annex. It lists those features for
which the body of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 states explicitly that the meaning or effect on the
database is implementation-dependent.
In the text of this part of ISO/IEC 13249, Clauses begin a new odd-numbered page, and in Clause 5, "Still
Image Types", through Clause 10, "Conformance", Subclauses begin a new page. Any resulting blank
space is not significant.
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Introduction vii
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Information technology — Database languages —
SQL multimedia and application packages —
Part 5:
Still Image
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 13249:
a) introduces the Still Image part of ISO/IEC 13249,
b) gives the references necessary for this part of this part of ISO/IEC 13249,
c) defines notations and conventions specific to this part of this part of ISO/IEC 13249,
d) defines concepts specific to this part of this part of ISO/IEC 13249,
e) defines the still image user-defined types and their associated routines.
The still image user-defined types defined in this part adhere to the following:
– A still image user-defined type is generic to image data handling. It addresses the need to store,
manage and retrieve information based on aspects of image data such as height, width and format
and based on image features such as average color, color histogram, positional color and texture.
– A still image user-defined type does not redefine the database language SQL directly or in
combination with another still image data type.
The still image user-defined types are applicable to all different image formats. However, not all functionality
canbeusedwithallknownstillimageformats.
An implementation of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 may exist in environments that also support information and
content management, decision support, data mining, and data warehousing systems.
Application areas addressed by implementations of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 include, but are not restricted
to, graphics, multimedia, scientific research, and medicine.
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Scope 1
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Blank page
2 Scope © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this part of ISO/IEC 13249. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions
of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of
ISO/IEC 13249 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative
document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International
Standards.
ISO/IEC 9075-1:1999, Information technology — Database languages — SQL — Part 1: Framework
(SQL/Framework).
ISO/IEC 9075-2:1999, Information technology — Database languages — SQL — Part 2: Foundation
(SQL/Foundation).
ISO/IEC 9075-4:1999, Information technology — Database languages — SQL — Part 4: Persistent
Stored Modules (SQL/PSM).
ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000, Information technology — Database languages — SQL multimedia and
application packages — Part 1: Framework.
ISO/IEC 10918-1:1994, Information technology — Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still
images: Requirements and guidelines.
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Normative references 3
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
Blank page
4 Normative references © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
3.1 Definitions
3 Definitions, notations, and conventions
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 13249, the following definitions apply.
3.1.1 Definitions provided in Part 1
This part of ISO/IEC 13249 makes use of all terms defined in Part 1 of ISO/IEC 13249.
3.1.2 Definitions provided in Part 5
This part of ISO/IEC 13249 defines the following terms:
3.1.2.1
basic image feature
a basic image feature is an image feature that is not a composite feature
3.1.2.2
color space
a set of conventions how to represent a color value
3.1.2.3
composite feature
an image feature which consists of basic image features and their associated weights
3.1.2.4
image format
a set of conventions for storing the image data of digital images in a specific compressed or
uncompressed interchange format
3.1.2.5
image feature
characteristic (other than inherent image characteristics) of the image data
3.1.2.6
inherent image characteristics
image format and particular physical characteristics of a digital image
3.1.2.7
list of weighted features
see composite feature
3.1.2.8
picture element
see sample in Subclause 3.1.4, "Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 10918-1"
3.1.2.9
raw image
a binary string that represents a certain image
3.1.2.10
similarity of images
a numerical measure obtainable by the comparison of two images; the measure is based on image
features
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Definitions, notations, and conventions 5
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
3.1 Definitions
3.1.2.11
thumbnail
a raw image which was obtained from another raw image by downsizing
3.1.3 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 9075
This part of ISO/IEC 13249 makes use of the following terms defined in ISO/IEC 9075:
3.1.4 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 10918-1
This part of ISO/IEC 13249 makes use of the following terms defined in ISO/IEC 10918-1:
a) columns
NOTE 1 The use of "columns" here is as defined in the JPEG standard and not as defined in
the SQL standard.
b) component
c) (digital) (still) image
NOTE 2 Parentheses around the text "digital" and "still" is a convention used by ISO/IEC
10918-1 to denote that the phases "digital image", "still image", and "image" are interchangeable.
d) image data
e) interchange format
f) (number of) lines
NOTE 3 Parentheses around the text "number of" is a convention used by ISO/IEC 10918-1 to
denote that the phases "number of lines" and "lines" are interchangeable.
g) sample
6 Definitions, notations, and conventions © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
3.2 Notations
3.2 Notations
3.2.1 Notations provided in Part 1
The notations used in this part of ISO/IEC 13249 are defined in Part 1 of ISO/IEC 13249.
3.2.2 Notations provided in Part 5
This part of ISO/IEC 13249 uses the prefix 'SI_' for user-defined types, attributes and SQL-invoked
routine names.
© ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved Definitions, notations, and conventions 7
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
3.3 Conventions
3.3 Conventions
The conventions used in this part of ISO/IEC 13249 are defined in Part 1 of ISO/IEC 13249.
8 Definitions, notations, and conventions © ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 13249-5:2001(E)
4 Concepts
4.1 Introduction
In the context of this part of ISO/IEC 13249, digital images are effectively 2-dimensional arrays of picture
elements, or samples. The internal representation of a sample in the raw image itself is image format
specific. The color value of a sample in the image data might be represented by an index in a color look
up table, spread over multiple color planes, multiple binary strings which represent the single components
of a color, or in any other image format specific way.
An image format is a set of conventions for storing digital images in an interchange format. An image
consists of the representation and organization of data that constitute the picture elements, and
prescriptions about auxiliary data that control the interpretation and processing of the digital image
information according to that format.
A color space, which is used to represent the color values of the samples, is either defined by the image
format or described in the header information of the raw image.
An image format is referenced by format indications. A format indication is a character string whose
format and content is implementation-defined.
A binary string that adheres to a certain image format is called a raw image.
The inherent image characteristics of a raw image consist of:
- the format of the raw image;
- the width of the raw im
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.