ISO 17499:2023
(Main)Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Determination of baking level expressed by equivalent temperature
Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Determination of baking level expressed by equivalent temperature
This document specifies the determination of the equivalent temperature of one anode or cathode in a baking furnace and the calculation of the overall baking level in a section in a baking furnace.
Produits carbonés utilisés pour la production de l'aluminium — Détermination du niveau de cuisson par estimation de la température de cuisson équivalente
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17499
Second edition
2023-03
Carbonaceous materials used in
the production of aluminium —
Determination of baking level
expressed by equivalent temperature
Produits carbonés utilisés pour la production de l'aluminium —
Détermination du niveau de cuisson par estimation de la température
de cuisson équivalente
Reference number
ISO 17499:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO 17499:2023(E)
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© ISO 2023
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ISO 17499:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Reference coke . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Selection and preparation . 2
6 Calibration curve . 2
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Test procedure .5
8.1 Equivalent temperature measurement . 5
8.2 Equivalent temperature of a section . 6
9 Expession of results .6
9.1 Equivalent temperature of a single anode or cathode . 6
9.2 Equivalent temperature of a section . 6
10 Precision . 6
11 Test report . 7
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ISO 17499:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 226, Materials for the production of
primary aluminium.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17499:2006), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— technical description errors have been corrected in 3.2, 5.1, 5.2 and 7.3;
— technical details relating to procedure have been clarified in Clause 4 and 8.1;
— the precision statement text has been corrected and reformulated (without changing the precision
values) in Clause 10;
— the description of the graphite crucible with a drawing has been moved from the appendix into the
body text as 7.3;
— some editorial corrections have been made.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 17499:2023(E)
Introduction
The equivalent temperature is used to express the baking level of a single anode or cathode, or the
overall baking level and distribution of a section of any type of baking furnace constructed for baking
carbon anodes or cathodes for the production of aluminium.
The equivalent temperature is also useful for monitoring and comparing the baking level of laboratory
test anodes or cathodes and other samples.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17499:2023(E)
Carbonaceous materials used in the production of
aluminium — Determination of baking level expressed by
equivalent temperature
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination of the equivalent temperature of one anode or cathode in a
baking furnace and the calculation of the overall baking level in a section in a baking furnace.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20203, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Calcined coke — Determination
of crystallite size of calcined petroleum coke by X-ray diffraction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
equivalent temperature
baking level of an anode or cathode measured by the heat treatment of a reference coke attached to or
placed with the anode or cathode and quantified in equivalent degrees, °E, determined from the mean
crystallite height, L , of the reference coke using a calibration curve
c
Note 1 to entry: The calibration curve is derived by subjecting a series of separate samples of the green reference
coke to a 2 h heat treatment at different hold temperatures, in degrees Celsius, and measuring the mean crystallite
height, L . The equivalent temperature, T , is numerically equal to the temperatures, in degrees Celsius, plotted
c eq
on the calibration curve.
3.2
reference green coke
raw unprocessed petroleum coke from a refinery coker unit
Note 1 to entry: For use as a reference coke, the green coke should be a single source, low sulfur, anode grade
coke,
...
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