SIST EN 50122-2:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit - Part 2: Provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit - Part 2: Provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
1 - General
- adaptation of the Scope of this standard (include electrical safety related interface with vehicles, extension for electrified road transport – as shown above)
- Incorporate such small technical improvements from IEC 62128, made when transferring from previous version 50122-1, only insofar as these are essential for the coherence of the standard 50122-1
- Harmonize definitions with other railway standards (esp. EN 50119)
- check and redefine some definitions, harmonize with IEC 60050:
o Check and harmonize terms and definitions specific to railway terminology with IEC 60050 chapters 811 and 821. If modification of a definition is essential, consider harmonization with a recent definition used in a railway specific standard and which should postdate the IEC entry.
o Check and harmonize terms and definitions specific to electric shock with IEC60050 chapter 195 except where the terms and definitions in IEC 61140:2016 are appropriate and postdate IEC 60050 entry.
o Check and harmonise other terms and definitions with IEC 50050 where appropriate.
- Review and ensure the document accurately and consistently uses the correct ‘verbal forms for expressions of provisions’ (according to the Internal Regulations, Part 3, clause 7), the wording used is clear and achieves good differentiation between normative and informative content.
- Review and ensure the document’s content relating to the prevention of electric shock is harmonized with basic safety publication IEC/EN 61140. In particular, the IEC/EN61140 content on fundamental rules, terminology, protective provisions (i.e. basic protection, fault protection, enhanced protective provisions).
- Review and revise clause 1 to ensure that the document’s scope is clear and accurately stated, it is harmonised with the title and only aspects falling within this scope are included within the document’s normative content. This take note of the on-going SC9XC work on coordination between SC9XC / TC9X standards and in particular the scope of prEN 50488.
2 – Specific
- Review and modify clause 5 and harmonize its content with the relevant aspects of IEC61140, EN50124 series, prEN50488. Particular consideration to be given to the dimensioning of air clearance associated with protective provisions. This will take note of the on-going SC9XC work on coordination between SC9XC / TC9X standards.
- Review and revise clause 6, in particular the content on protective provisions to improve its alignment with basic safety publication IEC/EN 61140 content for this aspect.
- revision of Chapter 7
- Review and revise clause 10.5 to ensure that the content is fit for purpose and is coordinated with EN 50124, EN 50119 and EN5 0488 in particular, such that these standards will provide a coherent approach. This will take note of the on-going SC9XC work on coordination between these standards.
Bahnanwendungen - Ortsfeste Anlagen - Elektrische Sicherheit, Erdung und Rückleitung - Teil 2: Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Streustromwirkungen durch Gleichstrombahnen
Applications ferroviaires - Installations fixes - Sécurité électrique, mise à la terre et circuit de retour - Partie 2: Mesures de protection contre les effets des courants vagabonds issus de la traction électrique à courant continu
This European Standard specifies requirements for protective provisions against the effects of stray currents, which result from the operation of DC traction systems.
As experience for several decades has not shown evident corrosion effects from AC traction systems and actual investigations are not completed, this European Standard only deals with stray currents flowing from a DC traction system.
This European Standard applies to all metallic fixed installations which form part of the traction system, and also to any other metallic components located in any position in the earth, which can carry stray currents resulting from the operation of the railway system.
This European Standard applies to all new DC lines and to all major revisions to existing DC lines. The principles may also be applied to existing electrified transportation systems where it is necessary to consider the effects of stray currents.
This European Standard does not specify working rules for maintenance but provides design requirements to allow maintenance.
The range of application includes
a) railways,
b) guided mass transport systems such as
1) tramways,
2) elevated and underground railways,
3) mountain railways,
4) trolleybus systems, and
5) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system,
c) material transportation systems.
This European Standard does not apply to
d) mine traction systems in underground mines,
e) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g. exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly from the contact line system and are not endangered by the traction power supply system,
f) suspended cable cars,
g) funicular railways.
Železniške naprave - Fiksni postroji - Električna varnost, ozemljitev in povratni tokokrog - 2. del: Zaščitni ukrepi proti učinkom blodečih tokov, ki jih povzročajo enosmerni sistemi vleke
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50122-2:2022
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 50122-2:2010
Železniške naprave - Fiksni postroji - Električna varnost, ozemljitev in povratni
tokokrog - 2. del: Zaščitni ukrepi proti učinkom blodečih tokov, ki jih povzročajo
enosmerni sistemi vleke
Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit
- Part 2: Provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
Bahnanwendungen - Ortsfeste Anlagen - Elektrische Sicherheit, Erdung und Rückleitung
- Teil 2: Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Streustromwirkungen durch Gleichstrombahnen
Applications ferroviaires - Installations fixes - Sécurité électrique, mise à la terre et circuit
de retour - Partie 2: Mesures de protection contre les effets des courants vagabonds
issus de la traction électrique à courant continu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50122-2:2022
ICS:
29.120.50 Varovalke in druga Fuses and other overcurrent
nadtokovna zaščita protection devices
29.280 Električna vlečna oprema Electric traction equipment
SIST EN 50122-2:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50122-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2022
ICS 29.120.50; 29.280 Supersedes EN 50122-2:2010
English Version
Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety,
earthing and the return circuit - Part 2: Provisions against the
effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
Applications ferroviaires - Installations fixes - Sécurité Bahnanwendungen - Ortsfeste Anlagen - Elektrische
électrique, mise à la terre et circuit de retour - Partie 2: Sicherheit, Erdung und Rückleitung - Teil 2:
Mesures de protection contre les effets des courants Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Streustromwirkungen durch
vagabonds issus de la traction électrique à courant continu Gleichstrombahnen
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-07-25. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50122-2:2022 E
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Identification of hazards and risks . 6
5 Criteria for stray current assessment and acceptance . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Criteria for the protection of the tracks . 7
5.3 Criteria for systems with steel reinforced concrete or metallic structures . 8
5.4 Specific investigations and measures . 9
6 Design provisions . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Return circuit . 9
6.2.1 General . 9
6.2.2 Resistance of running rails . 9
6.2.3 Track system . 10
6.2.4 Return conductors . 10
6.2.5 Return cables . 10
6.2.6 Electrical separation between the return circuit and system parts with earth-electrode
effect . 10
6.2.7 Exceptions for systems with return conductor rails . 11
6.2.8 Rail-to-rail and track-to-track cross bonds . 11
6.3 Non-traction related electrical equipment . 11
6.4 Tracks of other traction systems . 11
6.5 Return busbar in the substation . 11
6.6 Level crossings . 11
6.7 Common power supply for tram and trolleybus . 11
6.8 Changeover from the mainline to depot and workshop areas . 12
7 Provisions for structures affected by stray currents . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 Conductive civil structures . 12
7.2.1 Basic procedure . 12
7.2.2 Longitudinal interconnection . 12
7.2.3 Sectionalized reinforcement . 13
7.2.4 External conductive parts . 13
7.2.5 External cables, pipework and power supplies . 13
7.3 Adjacent pipes or cables . 13
7.4 Voltage limiting devices . 14
8 Protective provisions applied to metallic structures . 14
9 Depots and workshops . 14
10 Tests and measurements . 15
10.1 Principles . 15
10.2 Supervision of the rail insulation. 15
10.2.1 Repetitive monitoring. 15
10.2.2 Continuous monitoring of the rail potential . 15
Annex A (informative) Measurement of track characteristics . 17
A.1 Rail resistance . 17
2
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
A.2 Conductance per length between running rails and steel reinforced structures . 18
A.3 Conductance per length for track sections without civil structure . 19
A.4 Local conductance per length for track sections without civil structure . 20
A.5 Insulated rail joints . 22
A.6 Insulating joints between steel reinforced structures . 23
Annex B (informative) Stray current assessment – Rail insulation assessment using rail potential . 25
B.1 Repetitive measurements of the rail potential to monitor the conductance . 25
B.2 Example for a continuous monitoring of the rail potential . 25
Annex C (informative) Estimation of stray current and impact on metallic structures . 27
C.1 Estimation of the stray currents passing from the running rails to the earth . 27
C.2 Estimation of the longitudinal voltage in steel reinforced structures . 28
Annex D (informative) Laboratory testing of materials for the insulation of rails . 30
D.1 General . 30
D.2 Test procedure . 30
D.2.1 General . 30
D.2.2 Initial test . 30
D.2.3 Heat Aging . 30
D.2.4 Influence of winter weather and rain . 30
D.2.5 Evaluation . 30
D.3 Acceptance criterion of the tests . 30
Annex E (informative) Fastening systems . 31
Bibliography . 32
Figures
Figure A.1 — Measurement of the rail resistance for a rail section of length d . 17
Figure A.2 — Measuring arrangement for the conductance per length G´ between rails and steel
RS
reinforced structure . 18
Figure A.3 — Determination of the conductance per length G´ for track sections without civil
RE
structures . 19
Figure A.4 — Measuring arrangement for the local conductance per length . 21
Figure A.5 — Test of insulated rail joints . 22
Figure A.6 — Test of insulating joints in steel reinforced structures . 23
Figure B.1 — Scheme of continuous monitoring of the rail potential . 26
3
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 50122-2:2022) has been prepared by CLC/SC 9XC “Electric supply and earthing systems
for public transport equipment and ancillary apparatus (Fixed installations)”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be (dop) 2023-07-25
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards (dow) 2025-07-25
conflicting with this document have to be
withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 50122-2:2010 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
EN 50122-2:2022 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50122-2:2010:
— harmonization with EN 50122-1:2022;
— improvement of measurement specification in Annex A;
— new Annex D “Laboratory testing of materials for the insulation of rails”.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A complete
listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
4
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for protective provisions against the effects of stray currents, which
result from the operation of DC electric traction power supply systems.
As several decades' experience has not shown evident corrosion effects from AC electric traction power supply
systems, this document only deals with stray currents flowing from a DC electric traction power supply system.
This document applies to all metallic fixed installations which form part of the traction system, and also to any
other metallic components located in any position in the earth, which can carry stray currents resulting from
the operation of the railway system.
This document applies to all new DC lines and to all major revisions to existing DC lines. The principles can
also be applied to existing electrified transportation systems where it is necessary to consider the effects of
stray currents.
This document does not specify working rules for maintenance but provides design requirements to allow
maintenance.
The range of application includes:
a) railways,
b) guided mass transport systems such as:
1) tramways,
2) elevated and underground railways,
3) mountain railways,
4) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system, and
5) trolleybus systems,
c) material transportation systems.
This document does not apply to
a) electric traction power supply systems in underground mines,
b) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g.
exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly from the contact line system and are not
endangered by the electric traction power supply system,
c) suspended cable cars,
d) funicular railways.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50122-1:2022, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit -
Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock
EN 50122-3:2022, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit -
Part 3: Mutual Interaction of AC and DC traction systems
EN 50163, Railway applications - Supply voltages of traction systems
5
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 50122-1:2022 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Identification of hazards and risks
DC traction systems can cause stray currents which could adversely affect the railway concerned and/or
outside installations, when the feed and return circuits are not sufficiently insulated from earth.
The major effects of stray currents can be corrosion and subsequent damage of metallic structures, where
stray currents leave the metallic structures. There is also the risk of overheating, arcing and fire and
subsequent danger to persons and equipment both inside and outside the DC electric traction power supply
system.
The following systems, which can produce stray currents, shall be considered:
— DC railways using running rails carrying the traction return current including track sections of other traction
systems bonded to the tracks of DC railways;
— DC trolleybus systems which share the same power supply with a system using the running rails carrying
the traction return current;
— DC railways not using running rails carrying the traction return current, where DC currents can flow to
earth or earthing installations.
All components and systems which can be affected by stray currents shall be considered such as
— running rails,
— metallic pipe work,
— cables with metal armour and/or metal shield,
— metallic tanks,
— earthing installations,
— steel reinforced concrete structures and elements (e.g. bearers and slab track components),
— buried metallic structures,
— signalling and telecommunication installations,
— non-traction AC and DC power supply systems,
— cathodic protection installations.
Any provisions employed to control the effects of stray currents shall be checked, verified and validated
according to this document.
The system design shall be completed before key parameters for stray current effects are decided. This
includes parameters such as substation locations, track formations, bonding, insulated rail joint positions and
civil structure designs (e.g. overhead line equipment mast bases). See also 5.4 and Clause 6.
6
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
The entity responsible for the design and construction of the railway infrastructure shall make sure that
electrical requirements for railway related civil structures are met.
In case of major revisions of existing lines, the effects on the stray current situation shall be assessed by
calculation and/or by measurements.
If stray current mitigation adversely affects electrical safety with regards to electric shock, then the electrical
safety provisions described in EN 50122-1:2022 shall take precedence.
5 Criteria for stray current assessment and acceptance
5.1 General
Stray current effects depend on the overall system design of the electric traction power supply system. Stray
currents leaving the return circuit can affect the return circuit itself and neighbouring installations, see Clause 4.
As well as the operating currents, the most important parameters for the magnitude of stray current are:
— the conductance per length of the tracks and the other parts of the return circuit;
— the distance between traction substations;
— the longitudinal resistance of the running rails, when used for traction return current;
— spacing of cross bonds.
There shall be no permanent direct electrical connection of the return circuit, either accidental or intended, to
earthing installations and earth.
NOTE 1 Depots, workshops and similar locations are an exception as described in Clause 9.
If the railway system meets the requirements and measures of this document, the railway system is deemed
to be acceptable from the stray current point of view.
NOTE 2 Third party installations in proximity to the railway system could require additional measures.
The most important influencing variable for stray currents leaving the tracks is the combination of the
conductance per length between track and earth and the rail potential. The corrosion rate is the main aspect
for the assessment of risk.
5.2 Criteria for the protection of the tracks
Experience over more than three decades has proven that there is no damage in the tracks over this period,
if the average stray current per length does not exceed the following value:
I’ = 2,5 mA/m
max
(Time averaged stray current leakage per length of a single track line).
For a double track line, the value for the maximum average stray current leakage is to be multiplied by two.
For more than two tracks or tracks with more than two running rails the factor increases accordingly.
For stray current considerations the local positive rail potential shift ΔU is relevant. This is the difference
RE
between the rail potential U occurring during operation and no-operation.
RE
NOTE 1 During non-operational periods a voltage U can be present.
RE
If the following values for the conductance per length G’ and time averaged rail potential shift ΔU are not
RE RE
exceeded during the system life-time, further investigations according to 5.4 do not need to be performed.
— G’ ≤ 0,5 S/km per track and ∆U ≤ + 5 V for open formation (1)
RE RE
— G’ ≤ 2,5 S/km per track and ∆U ≤ + 1 V for closed formation (2)
RE RE
7
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
For the averaging process, only the parts of the rail potential shift, ΔU , that are more positive than the
RE
potential U (measured during the non-operational periods) are taken into account. The averaging period
RE
shall normally be 24 h, or multiples of 24 h. For some systems, shorter measuring periods can be used. The
ΔU values are then divided by the total number of measurements over the recording time. A guide value for
RE
the sampling rate is two per second.
Due to the degradation of the track system over time, more conservative values are required at commissioning.
Maintenance interventions will help ensure the stray currents do not cause degradation of vulnerable assets.
If the requirements in Formula (1) and Formula (2) are not met, an alternative maximum value for G’ shall
RE
be calculated and used for the design, applying Formula (3).
𝐼𝐼’
𝐺𝐺’ ≤ (3)
RE
∆𝑈𝑈
RE
where
I’ is 2,5 mA/m per track or the value coming from the investigation in 5.4;
G’ is the conductance per length between rails and earth, in siemens per kilometre (S/km,
RE
whereby 1 S/km = 1/Ω ·km);
∆U is the average positive rail potential shift, in volts (V).
RE
Because of changing moisture, a conductance per length of G’ < 0,5 S/km is not practical for tracks in closed
RE
formation and hence not recommended. If the average conductance per length does not allow to fulfil the
criteria of I’ = 2,5 mA/m, the electric traction power supply system should be optimized.
For a double track line, the value for the maximum conductance per length is to be multiplied by two. For more
than two tracks the factor increases accordingly.
As it is not easy to measure the stray currents directly, the measurement of the rail potential is a convenient
method. According to Formula (3), the acceptable conductance per length can be calculated for a single track
line.
NOTE 2 Simulation of the electric traction power supply system for scheduled train operation can provide values for
the stray current per length for design purposes. A method of calculating dead-end tracks is given in C.1. This is a
conservative method, because the actual values are lower.
When the construction phase has been completed, it shall be proven that the permissible conductance per
length according to Formulae (1), (2) or (3) is fulfilled. Annex A indicates proven methods for the measurement.
During operation, compliance with the limits of conductance per length according to Formulae (1), (2) or (3)
shall be maintained, see 10.2.1.
NOTE 3 Experience has shown that if the requirements given in 5.2 regarding stray current leakage and conductance
are fulfilled, impacts on non-railway installations caused by stray currents are generally acceptable.
5.3 Criteria for systems with steel reinforced concrete or metallic structures
In systems with steel reinforced concrete or metallic structures, like
— reinforced track bed,
— tunnels or
— viaducts,
the impact of stray currents on the structures shall be considered.
The positive voltage shift of the structure with respect to earth is one criterion for acceptance. Measurement
of the corrosion rate can be achieved using an electrical resistance probe, and the measured corrosion rate
can be compared to the design corrosion rate value.
If the average value of the positive potential shift between the structure and earth does not exceed + 200 mV
for steel in concrete structures the risk of corrosion can be considered as low, see EN 50162:2004. A margin
may be added according to the expected possible traffic extension in the future. For buried metal constructions
8
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SIST EN 50122-2:2022
EN 50122-2:2022 (E)
without cathodic protection the values depend on soil resistivity and the material. For both requirements refer
to EN 50162:2004.
In order to avoid inadmissible stray current effects on steel reinforced concrete or metallic structures, the
longitudinal voltage between any two points of these (longitudinally) interconnected structures should be
calculated. The maximum longitudinal voltage shall be smaller than the permissible positive potential shift, e.g.
+200 mV. As an example for calculation see C.2. This is a conservative procedure which ensures that the
actual values for the structure potential with respect to earth will be lower.
5.4 Specific investigations and measures
If the requirements stated in 5.2 and 5.3 are not achieved, or if other methods of construction are planned, a
study shall be carried out at an early planning stage. The study is also necessary when major revisions of
existing lines are carried out, when the stray current situation is likely to become worse.
The following aspects should be included in the study:
— insulation from earth of the rails and connected metallic structures,
— humidity of the track bed,
— longitudinal resistance of the running rails, when used for traction return circuit,
— number
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50122-2:2021
01-januar-2021
Železniške naprave - Stabilne naprave električne vleke - Električna varnost,
ozemljitev in povratni tokokrog - 2. del: Zaščitni ukrepi proti učinkom blodečih
tokov, ki jih povzročajo enosmerni sistemi vleke
Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit
- Part 2: Provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
Bahnanwendungen - Ortsfeste Anlagen - Elektrische Sicherheit, Erdung und Rückleitung
- Teil 2: Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Streustromwirkungen durch Gleichstrombahnen
Applications ferroviaires - Installations fixes - Sécurité électrique, mise à la terre et circuit
de retour - Partie 2: Mesures de protection contre les effets des courants vagabonds
issus de la traction électrique à courant continu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50122-2
ICS:
29.120.50 Varovalke in druga Fuses and other overcurrent
nadtokovna zaščita protection devices
29.280 Električna vlečna oprema Electric traction equipment
oSIST prEN 50122-2:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 50122-2:2021
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oSIST prEN 50122-2:2021
EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT
prEN 50122-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2020
ICS 29.120.50; 29.280 Will supersede EN 50122-2:2010 and all of its
amendments and corrigenda (if any)
English Version
Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety,
earthing and the return circuit - Part 2: Provisions against the
effects of stray currents caused by DC traction systems
Applications ferroviaires - Installations fixes - Sécurité Bahnanwendungen - Ortsfeste Anlagen - Elektrische
électrique, mise à la terre et circuit de retour - Partie 2: Sicherheit, Erdung und Rückleitung - Teil 2:
Mesures de protection contre les effets des courants Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Streustromwirkungen durch
vagabonds issus de la traction électrique à courant continu Gleichstrombahnen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2021-02-19.
It has been drawn up by CLC/SC 9XC.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to
the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Project: 68105 Ref. No. prEN 50122-2 E
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oSIST prEN 50122-2:2021
prEN 50122-2:2020 (E)
1 Contents
2 1 Scope . 5
3 2 Normative references . 5
4 3 Terms and definitions . 6
5 4 Identification of hazards and risks . 6
6 5 Criteria for stray current assessment and acceptance . 7
7 5.1 General . 7
8 5.2 Criteria for the protection of the tracks . 7
9 5.3 Criteria for systems with metal reinforced concrete or metallic structures . 8
10 5.4 Specific investigations and measures . 9
11 6 Design provisions . 9
12 6.1 General . 9
13 6.2 Return circuit . 9
14 6.2.1 General . 9
15 6.2.2 Resistance of running rails . 10
16 6.2.3 Track system . 10
17 6.2.4 Return conductors . 10
18 6.2.5 Return cables . 10
19 6.2.6 Electrical separation between the return circuit and system parts with earth-
20 electrode effect . 11
21 6.2.7 Rail-to-rail and track-to-track cross bonds . 11
22 6.3 Non-traction related electrical equipment . 11
23 6.4 Tracks of other traction systems . 11
24 6.5 Return busbar in the substation . 11
25 6.6 Level crossings . 11
26 6.7 Common power supply for tram and trolleybus . 12
27 6.8 Changeover from the mainline to depot and workshop areas . 12
28 7 Provisions for influenced metallic structures . 12
29 7.1 General . 12
30 7.2 Conductive civil structures . 12
31 7.2.1 Basic proceeding . 12
32 7.2.2 Longitudinal interconnection . 12
33 7.2.3 Sectionalized reinforcement . 13
34 7.2.4 External conductive parts . 13
35 7.2.5 Cables, pipework and power supply from outside . 13
36 7.3 Adjacent pipes or cables . 13
37 7.4 Voltage limiting devices . 14
38 8 Protective provisions applied to metallic structures . 14
39 9 Depots and workshops . 14
40 10 Tests and measurements . 14
41 10.1 Principles . 14
42 10.2 Supervision of the rail insulation. 15
43 10.2.1 Continuous monitoring of the rail potential . 15
44 10.2.2 Repetitive monitoring . 15
45 Annex A (informative) Measurement of track characteristics . 16
46 Annex B (informative) Stray current assessment — Rail insulation assessment using rail
47 potential . 23
48 Annex C (informative) Estimation of stray current and impact on metallic structures . 25
49 Annex D (informative) Laboratory testing of materials for the insulation of rails . 28
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50 Annex E (informative) Fastening systems . 29
51 Bibliography . 30
52
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53 European foreword
54 This document (prEN 50122-2:2020) has been prepared by CLC/SC 9XC “Electric supply and earthing sys-
55 tems for public transport equipment and ancillary apparatus (Fixed installations)”.
56 This document is currently submitted to the Enquiry.
57 The following dates are proposed:
• latest date by which the existence of this docu- (doa) dor + 6 months
ment has to be announced at national level
• latest date by which this document has to be (dop) dor + 12 months
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by endorse-
ment
• latest date by which the national standards (dow) dor + 36 months
conflicting with this document have to be with- (to be confirmed or
drawn modified when voting)
58 This document will supersede EN 50122-2:2010 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
59 prEN 50122-2:2020 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50122-2:2010:
60 — harmonization with prEN 50122-1:2020;
61 — references from EN 50162 moved to ISO/FDIS 21857:2020;
62 — improvement of measurement specification in Annex A;
63 — new Annex D “Laboratory testing of materials for the insulation of rails”.
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64 1 Scope
65 This document specifies requirements for protective provisions against the effects of stray currents, which
66 result from the operation of DC traction systems.
67 As several decades' experience has not shown evident corrosion effects from AC traction systems and actual
68 investigations are not completed, this document only deals with stray currents flowing from a DC traction sys-
69 tem.
70 This document applies to all metallic fixed installations which form part of the traction system, and also to any
71 other metallic components located in any position in the earth, which can carry stray currents resulting from
72 the operation of the railway system.
73 This document applies to all new DC lines and to all major revisions to existing DC lines. The principles can
74 also be applied to existing electrified transportation systems where it is necessary to consider the effects of
75 stray currents.
76 This document does not specify working rules for maintenance but provides design requirements to allow
77 maintenance.
78 The range of application includes:
79 a) railways,
80 b) guided mass transport systems such as:
81 1) tramways,
82 2) elevated and underground railways,
83 3) mountain railways,
84 4) trolleybus systems, and
85 5) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system,
86 c) material transportation systems.
87 This document does not apply to
88 d) mine traction systems in underground mines,
89 e) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g.
90 exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly from the contact line system and are not
91 endangered by the traction power supply system,
92 f) suspended cable cars,
93 g) funicular railways.
94 2 Normative references
95 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
96 requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
97 the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
98 EN 50122-1:2020, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit -
99 Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock
100 EN 50122-3, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit - Part
101 3: Mutual Interaction of AC and DC traction systems
102 EN 50163, Railway applications - Supply voltages of traction systems
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103 ISO/FDIS 21857:2020, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Prevention of corrosion on
104 pipeline systems influenced by stray currents
105 3 Terms and definitions
106 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 50122-1:2020 apply.
107 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
108 — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
109 — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
110 4 Identification of hazards and risks
111 DC traction systems can cause stray currents which could adversely affect both the railway concerned and/or
112 outside installations, when the return circuit is not sufficiently insulated versus earth.
113 NOTE When not sufficiently insulated versus earth, the feeding circuit could also generate stray currents but its
114 insulation is normally designed, installed and maintained to be strong enough to mitigate electrical safety risks.
115 The major effects of stray currents can be corrosion and subsequent damage of metallic structures, where
116 stray currents leave the metallic structures. There is also the risk of overheating, arcing and fire and subse-
117 quent danger to persons and equipment both inside and outside the DC electric traction power supply system.
118 The following systems, which can produce stray currents, shall be considered:
119 — DC railways using running rails carrying the traction return current including track sections of other traction
120 systems bonded to the tracks of DC railways;
121 — DC trolleybus systems which share the same power supply with a system using the running rails carrying
122 the traction return current;
123 — DC railways not using running rails carrying the traction return current, where DC currents can flow to
124 earth or earthing installations.
125 All components and systems which can be affected by stray currents shall be considered such as
126 — running rails,
127 — metallic pipe work,
128 — cables with metal armour and/or metal shield,
129 — metallic tanks and vessels,
130 — earthing installations,
131 — reinforced concrete structures,
132 — buried metallic structures,
133 — signalling and telecommunication installations,
134 — non-traction AC and DC power supply systems,
135 — cathodic protection installations.
136 Any provisions employed to control the effects of stray currents shall be checked, verified and validated ac-
137 cording to this document.
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138 The system design shall be completed sufficiently early that the results can be taken into account in the es-
139 sential system parameters, which influence the stray current effects, like the spacing of the traction substations
140 and in the design of the civil structures, see also 5.4 and 6.
141 The entity responsible for the design and erection of the railway infrastructure shall make sure that electrical
142 requirements for railway related civil structures are met.
143 In case of major revisions of existing lines, the effects on the stray current situation shall be assessed by
144 calculation and/or by measurements.
145 If stray current provisions affect electrical safety, protective provisions against electric shock according to
146 prEN 50122-1 shall take precedence over provisions against the effects of stray currents.
147 5 Criteria for stray current assessment and acceptance
148 5.1 General
149 The amount of stray currents and their effects depend on the overall system design of the traction power
150 supply. Stray currents leaving the return circuit can affect the return circuit itself and neighbouring installations,
151 see Clause 4.
152 Beside to the operating currents, the most important parameters for the magnitude of stray current are:
153 — the conductance per length of the tracks and the other parts of the return circuit,
154 — the distance between traction substations,
155 — the longitudinal resistance of the running rails,
156 — spacing of cross bonds.
157 If the railway system meets the requirements and measures of this document, the railway system is assumed
158 to be acceptable from the stray current point of view.
159 NOTE Third party structures in proximity of the railway system could require additional measures.
160 The most important influencing variable for stray currents leaving the tracks is the combination of the conduct-
161 ance per unit length between track and earth and the rail potential. The corrosion rate is the main aspect for
162 the assessment of risk.
163 Parameters influencing the rail potential are the traction currents, the longitudinal resistance of the running
164 rails, the resistance to earth and the length of the feeding sections. The precondition for this proceeding is that
165 there is no direct electrical connection either accidental or intended to earthing installations and earth.
166 5.2 Criteria for the protection of the tracks
167 Experience over more than three decades has proven that there is no damage in the tracks over this period,
168 if the average stray current per unit length does not exceed the following value:
169 I’ = 2,5 mA/m
max
170 (time averaged stray current leakage per length of a single track line).
171 For a double track line, the value for the maximum average stray current leakage is to be multiplied by two.
172 For more than two tracks the value increases accordingly. For the averaging process, only the total positive
173 parts of the stray current over 24 h or multiples are considered.
174 For stray current considerations the positive rail potential shift ΔU is relevant. This is the difference between
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175 the rail potential U occurring during operation and no-operation.
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176 NOTE 1 During no-operation a voltage U can be present, which is e.g. caused by the electrochemical series of
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177 elements or by an already connected cathodic protection system.
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178 If the following values for the time averaged conductance per length G’ and average rail potential shift ΔU
RE RE
179 are not exceeded during the system life-time, further investigations according to 5.4 do not need to be per-
180 formed.
181 — G’ ≤ 0,5 S/km per track and ΔU ≤ + 5 V for open formation (1)
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182 — G’ ≤ 2,5 S/km per track and ΔU ≤ + 1 V for closed formation (2)
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183 For the averaging process, only the total positive parts of rail potential shift ΔU over 24 h or multiples are
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184 to be considered. They are then divided by the total number of measurements over the recording time.
185 A guide value for the sampling rate is two per second.
186 If the requirements in Formulae (1) and (2) are not met, an alternative maximum value for G’ shall be cal-
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187 culated and used for the design, applying Formula (3).
I'
188 G' = (3)
RE
∆U
RE
189 where
I’ 2,5 mA/m per track or the value coming from the investigation in 5.4.
G’ is the conductance per length between rails and earth, in siemens per kilometre (S/km,
RE
whereby 1 S/km = 1/Ωkm);
ΔU average rail potential shift, in volts (V);
RE
190 For tracks in closed formation a time averaged conductance per length of G’ < 0,5 S/km is not practical and
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191 recommended because of changing moisture. If this average conductance per length does not allow to fulfil
192 the criteria of I’ = 2,5 mA/m, the traction power supply system should be optimized.
193 For a double track line, the value for the maximum conductance per length is to be multiplied by two. For more
194 than two tracks the factor increases accordingly.
195 As it is not easy to measure the stray currents directly, the measurement of the rail potential is a convenient
196 method. According to Formula (3), the acceptable conductance per length can be calculated for a single track
197 line.
198 NOTE 2 Simulation of the traction power supply for scheduled train operation can provide values for the stray current
199 per length for design purposes. A method of calculating dead-end tracks is given in Clause C.1. This is a conservative
200 method, because the actual values are lower.
201 When the construction phase has been completed, it shall be proven that the permissible conductance per
202 length according to Formulae (1), (2) or (3) is fulfilled. Annex A indicates proven methods for the measurement.
203 During operation, compliance with the limits of conductance per length according to Formulae (1), (2) or (3)
204 shall be maintained.
205 5.3 Criteria for systems with metal reinforced concrete or metallic structures
206 In systems with metal reinforced concrete or metallic structures, like
207 — reinforced track bed,
208 — tunnels or
209 — viaducts,
210 the impact on the structures shall be considered.
211 The voltage shift of the structure versus earth is the criterion for assessment.
212 According to ISO/FDIS 21857:2020, there is no cause for concern if the average value of the positive potential
213 shift between the structure and earth does not exceed + 200 mV for steel in concrete structures. A margin may
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214 be added according to the expected possible traffic extension in the future. For buried metal constructions the
215 values depend on soil resistivity and the material. For both requirements refer to ISO/FDIS 21857:2020.
216 NOTE Experience has shown that in case the requirements given in this document are fulfilled, impacts on non-
217 railway installations caused by stray currents are acceptable.
218 In order to avoid inadmissible stray current effects on metal reinforced concrete or metallic structures, the
219 longitudinal voltage between any two points of these interconnected structures should be calculated. The max-
220 imum longitudinal voltage shall be smaller than the permissible positive potential shift. As an example for
221 calculation see Clause C.2. This is a conservative procedure which ensures that the actual values for the
222 structure potential with respect to earth will be lower.
223 5.4 Specific investigations and measures
224 If the requirements stated in 5.2 and 5.3 are not achieved, or if other methods of construction are planned, a
225 study shall be carried out at an early planning stage. The study becomes also necessary in case of major
226 revisions of existing lines, when the stray current situation is likely to become worse.
227 The possible impact of stray current corrosion shall be investigated, where the following aspects are included,
228 such as
229 — insulation from earth of the rails and connected metallic structures,
230 — humidity of the track bed,
231 — longitudinal resistance of the running rails,
232 — number of and distance between the substations,
233 — effects of inequalities in the no load voltages of substations,
234 — substation no-load voltage and source impedance,
235 — timetable and vehicles,
236 — neighbouring metallic structures.
237 Clause 6 and Clause 7 show suitable corrective provisions.
238 6 Design provisions
239 6.1 General
240 Any provisions employed to control the effects of stray currents shall be checked and confirmed according to
241 this document.
242 The system design shall be completed so that the results can be taken into account in the essential system
243 parameters which influence the stray current effects, like the spacing of the traction substations and the design
244 of the civil structures.
245 6.2 Return circuit
246 6.2.1 General
247 In order to minimize stray current caused by a DC electric traction power supply system, the traction return
248 current shall be confined to the intended return circuit as far as possible.
249 As the return circuit in case of DC electric traction power supply systems usually is not connected to earth,
250 safety requirements for the rail potential according to prEN 50122-1:2020, 6.2.2 and Clause 9, shall be fulfilled.
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251 6.2.2 Resistance of running rails
252 The longitudinal resistance of the running rails shall be low. Therefore, rail joints shall be welded or connected
253 by rail joint bonds of low resistance such that the longitudinal resistance of the rails is not increased by more
254 than 5 %. This does not include the insulated rail joints of signalling system.
255 In case of impedance bonds at insulated rail joints, the total resistance may be increased by more than 5 %.
256 The longitudinal resistance can be reduced by the use of rails with greater cross section or cross bonding of
257 the running rails where signalling considerations allow.
258 6.2.3 Track system
259 A high level of insulation from earth of the running rails and of the whole return circuit is required, when the
260 running rails are used as part of the return circuit.
261 The track formation shall be designed in a way that the insulation quality of the rails with respect to earth will
262 not be diminished substantially by water. In order to fulfil the values given in Formulae (1), (2) and (3) of 5.2
263 the water drainage of the substructure of the running rails is essential.
264 The values of conductance per length, specified in 5.2, apply to a track consisting of two running rails with tie
265 bars as well as the attached system parts under dry conditions.
266 NOTE 1 Dry conditions in this context mean at least 24 h without e.g.
267 — rain or
268 — washing water.
269 NOTE 2 After concreting, wait until the concrete has set, this lasts usually at least one month. The setting of concrete
270 is strongly dependent on the environmental conditions.
271 EXAMPLE 1 The following provisions can be made to achieve the required values of the conductance G’ for rails
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272 laid in an open formation:
273 — clean ballast;
274 — wooden sleepers or reinforced-concrete sleepers with insulating fastening;
275 — distanc
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